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Agile
The Power Of
I(n)teration
ScrumRio 2015
xekin.org
Hi, I’m Bruno Teixeira
Agile Coach @Farfetch
Twitter: @bruno_cacho
Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/brunocacho
Site: www.xekin.org
Hi, I’m Nuno Gomes
Product Owner @Farfetch
Twitter: @nrgomes
Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/nrgomes
Site: www.xekin.org
Agenda
Money1
2
3
4
Field
Power
Lessons
5 Value
Money
1
...the root of all Evil.
I have
always
been afraid
of banks.
Andrew Jackson
John, money and his father
John, money and his father
When John turned 25 his father gave him $30,000.
His Dad taught him that money makes money.
And advised John to build his retirement.
“How much will I have in 40 years?”
Your money and your bank
Do banks have an answer?
Oh Yes.
You guessed!
“It depends!”
Money Variables
Interest Rate
Years of Investment
403020100
211,200
97,861
30,000
Risk Product Interest rate Multiplier
Low Pension fund 3% / year 3,3x
Medium Indexed deposit 5% / year 7,0x
High Mutual fund 7% / year 15,0x
449,234
Compound Interest
Compound Interest
Always reinvest every cent you earn!
A small rate increase makes a huge difference!
The more you compound, the more you gain!
Exponential growth, on a steady pace!
Compound Interest
𝑨 = 𝑷 × ( 𝟏 +
𝒓
𝒏
) 𝒏𝒕
A = Amount accumulated after t periods
P = Principal amount (initial investment)
r = Nominal Interest rate (%) within period t
t = Number of periods to compound
n = Number of compoundings per period t
Compound Interest
𝑨 = 𝑷 × ( 𝟏 + 𝒓 ) 𝒕
Simplified (n=1)
A = Amount accumulated after t periods
P = Principal amount (initial investment)
r = Nominal Interest rate (%) within period t
t = Number of periods to compound
But, wait a minute...
Compound Interest and Scrum?
Is there a relationship?
Are we in the business of making money?

We will get there... Hopefully.
Field
2
Experiment. Fail. Learn. Repeat.
I am not afraid
of storms
for I am learning
how to
sail my ship.
Louisa May Alcott
Our story.
It all started back in 2010
Startup of 4 Developers...
2 experienced Waterfall geeks joined!
Early investors proposed...
It all started back in 2010
“Let’s do Scrum!”
And so we started our journey!
Round #1
Round #1
We were smartasses, hence need no help…
Translating… no time for learning! Too much to do 
After “deeply” study it, our verdict was…
Round #1
“Scrum is very simple!”
We ended up with…
Anarchic Scrum
Act… without thinking.
Sense… without data.
Respond… without awareness.
Anarchic Scrum
We rock it 
But someone else didn’t…
Round #2
Round #2
“This is too much turbulent.”
“We need some top management skills.”
And a budget was given…
Round #2
“Let’s buy Scrum!”
We ended up with…
ScrumFall
A very modern way of water-falling…
In a 3 week (kind of) steady pace…
With a new set of tools to pressure people…
ScrumFall
Management prioritization
Resource planning
Estimations as commitments
Sprint, sprint, sprint ...
Additional Testing
Detached Delivery
Fixed scopes
Handovers
Big Design Up Front
And lots of meetings!Comparing velocity between teams
Fixed deadlines
ScrumFall
“What the Hell?”
We started our “dynamic duo”!
Round #3
Round #3
“Nuno, something is wrong!”
“Bruno, you sound like La Palice!”
We begun to look behind the curtain…
Round #3
“Let’s go deeper!”
And we made a new friend!
@ScrumRio 2015 - Agile: The Power of I(n)teration
Scrum
Manifesto
Flows
XP Practices
Pull vs Push
Kaizen
Systems
Constraints
Complexity People
Kanban
Hyper Productivity
Science of Teams
Scrum Patterns
Lean Thinking Agile Transformation
Culture
Let the experiments begin.
Outcomes:
Shared common goals.
Boost on all communication levels.
From a group of individuals to a Team.
#1
1 Week
Sprints
Outcomes:
Emergence on solutions.
Boost team morale and confidence.
Excellence on engineering practices.
Dramatically improve client’s trust.
#2
Working
Software
Mindset
Outcomes:
Increase client’s engagement.
Amplify Learning & See the Whole.
Improve all communication channels.
Learn from the client, “fast & furious”.
#3
Scrum
On a Lean
Client
Outcomes:
Boost on team morale!
Clarity on team capacity!
Development steady pace regained.
#4
Pulling
The Sprint
Doug Larson
The trouble with
learning from
experience is that
you never graduate.
Power
3
You have to learn the rules of the Game.
Any fool can know.
The point is to
understand.
Albert Einstein
Scrum origins.
Toyota True Mission
Develop People First
…and only then, Products.
How did they get here?
Toyota... Post-World War II
Post-World War II... 1949-1950
Low Japanese purchasing power.
Therefore, low sales and production.
Company's financial situation deteriorated.
And, on top of it… massive strikes!
Post-World War II... 1949-1950
Toyota Bankruptcy…
Almost 
Banks’ bailout conditions
Sales independent from manufacturing.
Elimination of "excess manpower“, aka, layoff:
2,146 workers & managers left!
Founder Kiichiro Toyoda resigned!
Toyota... Post-Layoff
Toyota Post-Layoff
Almost no managers?
Wait a minute...
No thinkers?
Are you for real?
Toyota Post-Layoff
Only workers?
Well no, we will have something different!
All workers must be thinkers!
How?
What to do?
Frederick Taylor
Scientific
Management
Multi-
specialization
Taiichi Ohno
Just-in-Time
Autonomation
W. E. Deming
PDCA
Systems Thinking
The birth of Lean
Toyota Production System... Lean
LEAN
TPS
Scientific
Management
Multi-Specialization
Just-in-Time
Autonomation
PDCA
Systems Thinking
Toyota breakthroughs
Toyota breakthroughs
From Push to Pull production.
From Mass (Ford) to Lean production.
From Workers & Thinkers to Thinkers only!
From a Resources to a Systems Management.
From disruptive Innovation to Continuous Improvement.
Again... Toyota True Mission
Toyota True Mission
Develop People First
…and only then, Products.
Did you get it?
Now that we know a little better,
do we fully understand it?
“Any fool can know. The point is to understand.” Albert Einstein
Lean understanding
One Thinker = One PDCA
D
P
C
A
0
1
2
3
T1 T2 T3 T4
Standard 1 Thinker
Standard 1 Thinker
Mechanics
Two Thinkers = Two PDCAs
D
P
C
A D
P
C
A
0
1
2
3
0
2
4
6
T1 T2 T3 T4
Standard 1 Thinker Standard 2 Thinkers
Mechanics
N Thinkers = N PDCAs
D
P
C
A D
P
C
A D
P
C
A D
P
C
A D
P
C
A D
P
C
A D
P
C
A
0
1
2
3
0
2
4
6
0
7
14
21
T1 T2 T3 T4
Standard 1 Thinker Standard 2 Thinkers Standard N Thinkers
Mechanics
N Thinkers = N PDCAs
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
AD
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A D
P
C
AD
P
C
AD
P
C
A D
P
C
AD
P
C
AD
P
C
A D
P
C
A
Organizational View
Only top hierarchy are Thinkers and so competent to develop Product
(N-Workers) Thinkers = (N-Workers) PDCAs
Organizational Blockage
D
P
C
AD
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
Workers in production line to execute only!
Blockages?
Embrace the change
Thinkers versus Workers? Organizational blockages?
Toyota’s employees did not fall into this cultural trap!
After all, they all are Thinkers!
And with discipline and resilience from their Culture…
They embraced the change!
Embrace the change
PDCA compound effect
After 60 years of learning...
...and literally, gazillions of PDCA’s after...
PDCA compound effect
0
1
2
3
0
2
4
6
0
7
14
21
T1 T2 T3 T4
Standard 1 Thinker Standard 2 Thinkers Standard N Thinkers
On Toyota:
From bankruptcy to world’s 1st automaker
From 11,706 (1950) to 10,117,274 (2013) vehicles/year
From bankruptcy to world’s 11th company by revenue
From bankruptcy to world’s most profitable automaker
PDCA compound effect
In Japan:
From defeat & destruction to a postwar miracle
From bankruptcy to world’s 2nd developed economy
From bankruptcy to world’s 3rd economy by nominal GDP
PDCA compound effect
From Lean to Scrum
From Lean to Scrum
1986 – ‘The New New Product Development Game’ paper.
Japan’s emergent study on Product Development:
Type C – Overlapping Phases of Development
Also referred as “Moving the Scrum Downfield”.
From Lean to Scrum
1993 – First Scrum Experiments (Sutherland, Schwaber).
1995 – ‘Scrum Software Development Process’ paper,
by Sutherland and Schwaber
2001 – Manifesto for Agile Software Development
From Lean to Scrum
D
P
C
A
Lean
Plan
Do
Check
Act
Scrum
Planning
Sprint
R2 = Review & Retrospective
Emerge into Backlog
S
P
E
R2
S
P
R
E
R
N Thinkers = N PDCAs
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
AD
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A D
P
C
AD
P
C
AD
P
C
A D
P
C
AD
P
C
AD
P
C
A D
P
C
A
Organizational View
N Thinkers + X Scrum Teams = N + X PDCAs
D
P
C
AD
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
Organizational View
N Thinkers - X Scrum Teams = N - X PDCAs
Scrum Teams as Workers in production line to execute only blocking Emergence
D
P
C
AD
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
D
P
C
A
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
Organizational Blockage
Project Driven Thinkers = 0 PDCAs = 0 Learning
Scrum Teams as Workers in production line to execute projects iteractively.
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
S
P
R
E
R
Design
Plan
Execute
Design
Plan
Execute
Design
Plan
Execute
Design
Plan
Execute
Organizational Blockage
Thinking People
Developing PDCA’s over Time
To Build Value
The Lesson
Does our Lesson fit into Agile Values?
How about Agile?
How about Agile?
Customer
Collaboration
Working
Software
Individuals &
Interactions
Responding to
Change
Agile
Values
Let’s do a simple exercise:
Map the Agile Values to core Compound Concepts!
How about Agile?
Interaction, Iteration & Agile Values
Interaction
Driven
Customer
Collqboration
Individuals &
Interactions
Iteration
Driven
Working
Software
Responding to
Change
Thinking People
Interacting through Iterations
To Build Value
The Power
Lessons
4
Sometimes we win, sometimes we learn.
The only
source of
knowledge is
experience.
Albert Einstein
Outcomes:
Shared common goals.
Boost on all communication levels.
From a group of individuals to a Team.
#1
1 Week
Sprints
Lessons:
Leads to false felling of delivering value.
Iteration is nothing without Interaction.
Outcomes:
Emergence on solutions.
Boost team morale and confidence.
Excellence on engineering practices.
Dramatically improve client’s trust.
#2
Working
Software
Mindset
Lessons:
Working Software is not always what user
values the most.
Value capitalization impacts tremendously
on compound effect.
Outcomes:
Increase client’s engagement.
Amplify Learning & See the Whole.
Improve all communication channels.
Learn from the client, “fast & furious”.
#3
Scrum
On a Lean
Client
Lessons:
Customer Collaboration has huge
compound value.
It is easy to slow down iteration pace,
hence, a balance must be pursued.
Outcomes:
Boost on team morale!
Clarity on team capacity!
Development steady pace regained.
#4
Pulling
The Sprint
Lessons:
Overflow blocks Iteration.
Overflow blocks Interaction.
Overflow blocks everything.
Seeing the flow is amazing!
Value
5
Money flows in the direction of Value.
Price is what
you pay.
Value is what
you get.
Warren Buffet
Money and Value
Money and Value
Money ≠ Value
Value can be expressed by:
Business Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Customer relationship metrics (NPS, engagement, …)
Other metrics… happiness metric ?
Compound Interest & Scrum?
Compound Interest and Scrum?
Is there a relationship?
Are we in the business of making money?

Compound Knowledge and Scrum?
Compound Knowledge
𝑨 = 𝑷 × ( 𝟏 + 𝒓 ) 𝒕
Simplified (n=1)
A = Future Value accumulated after t sprints
P = Present Value (of the product/process)
r = Nominal Improvement rate (%)
t = Number of sprints to compound
Compound Knowledge
Does it make sense to you?
Going back to Lean and Scrum
Going back to Lean & Scrum
D
P
C
A S
P
R
E
R
Lean (PDCA)
Done by Quality Circles
Focus on Efficiency
Decrease Cost!
↑ Cycles ≫ ↓ Cost
Scrum (PSR2
E)
Done by Scrum Teams
Focus on Effectiveness
Deliver Value!
↑ Cycles ≫ ↑ Value
Going back to Lean & Scrum
Lean Scrum
Main Goal Reduce Cost Deliver Value
Focus On Efficiency Effectiveness
Teams: QC Circles Scrum Teams
Cycle: PDCA Sprint (PSE2
E)
Deliverables: Process Improvements Product Increments
Going back to Lean & Scrum
Lean & Scrum are made by Thinkers!
PDCAs and Sprints are empirical iteration processes!
Learn by doing!
And only by learning a lot…
…your organizational knowledge is increased!
Going back to Lean & Scrum
Both Lean & Scrum have deliverables!
And only by delivering your process/product is improved!
You can deliver with an high or low frequency!
You can also deliver high our low value improvements!
This is what we call the Improvement rate (per delivery).
Going back to Lean & Scrum
The Improvement rate is, therefore, a function of:
Team’s iteration (learning) cycle, the shorter the better.
Team’s delivery (compounding) cycle, the shorter the better.
Team’s interaction frequency & quality with the customer.
Team’s (compounded) knowledge over time 
Compound
interest is the
8th wonder
of the world.
Albert Einstein
A Simple Example
A Simple Example
Your 2 ecommerce sites’ monthly sales are $30,000/site.
You want to improve it 
You assemble 2 Scrum Teams, 1 per site…
… and gave them a KPI to improve over 40 weeks:
Gross Transaction Value (GTV)
A Simple Example
Team A decides:
Iteration cycle = 2 weeks
Delivery cycle = once every iteration
A Simple Example
Team B decides:
Iteration cycle = 1 week
Delivery cycle = once every iteration
403020100
211,200
30,000
Team Improvement rate Delivery cycle Multiplier
A 5% / deliverable 1 every 2 weeks 2,7x
B 5% / deliverable 1 every 1 week 7,0x
79,599
Summing up
Our experiments on the field, highlighted these 2 properties of an Agile
Ecosystem, hence, no matter what you do or how you do it, just:
Iterate & Interact
to unleash…
The Power of I(n)teration
Our great references 
Our great references 
Hirotaka Takeuchi & Ikujiro Nonaka: https://hbr.org/1986/01/the-new-new-product-development-game
Jeff Sutherland & Ken Schwaber: http://navegapolis.net/files/Scrum_Development_Process.pdf
Kiro Harada: http://www.slideshare.net/kiroh/tps-lean-and-agile-brief-history-and-future
Filipe Correia: http://www.slideshare.net/fcorreia/evolving-software
THANK YOU!
Share if you liked this deck!
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@ScrumRio 2015 - Agile: The Power of I(n)teration

  • 2. Hi, I’m Bruno Teixeira Agile Coach @Farfetch Twitter: @bruno_cacho Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/brunocacho Site: www.xekin.org Hi, I’m Nuno Gomes Product Owner @Farfetch Twitter: @nrgomes Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/nrgomes Site: www.xekin.org
  • 5. I have always been afraid of banks. Andrew Jackson
  • 6. John, money and his father
  • 7. John, money and his father When John turned 25 his father gave him $30,000. His Dad taught him that money makes money. And advised John to build his retirement.
  • 8. “How much will I have in 40 years?”
  • 9. Your money and your bank Do banks have an answer? Oh Yes. You guessed!
  • 12. 403020100 211,200 97,861 30,000 Risk Product Interest rate Multiplier Low Pension fund 3% / year 3,3x Medium Indexed deposit 5% / year 7,0x High Mutual fund 7% / year 15,0x 449,234
  • 14. Compound Interest Always reinvest every cent you earn! A small rate increase makes a huge difference! The more you compound, the more you gain!
  • 15. Exponential growth, on a steady pace!
  • 16. Compound Interest 𝑨 = 𝑷 × ( 𝟏 + 𝒓 𝒏 ) 𝒏𝒕 A = Amount accumulated after t periods P = Principal amount (initial investment) r = Nominal Interest rate (%) within period t t = Number of periods to compound n = Number of compoundings per period t
  • 17. Compound Interest 𝑨 = 𝑷 × ( 𝟏 + 𝒓 ) 𝒕 Simplified (n=1) A = Amount accumulated after t periods P = Principal amount (initial investment) r = Nominal Interest rate (%) within period t t = Number of periods to compound
  • 18. But, wait a minute...
  • 19. Compound Interest and Scrum? Is there a relationship? Are we in the business of making money? 
  • 20. We will get there... Hopefully.
  • 22. I am not afraid of storms for I am learning how to sail my ship. Louisa May Alcott
  • 24. It all started back in 2010 Startup of 4 Developers... 2 experienced Waterfall geeks joined! Early investors proposed...
  • 25. It all started back in 2010 “Let’s do Scrum!” And so we started our journey!
  • 27. Round #1 We were smartasses, hence need no help… Translating… no time for learning! Too much to do  After “deeply” study it, our verdict was…
  • 28. Round #1 “Scrum is very simple!” We ended up with…
  • 29. Anarchic Scrum Act… without thinking. Sense… without data. Respond… without awareness.
  • 30. Anarchic Scrum We rock it  But someone else didn’t…
  • 32. Round #2 “This is too much turbulent.” “We need some top management skills.” And a budget was given…
  • 33. Round #2 “Let’s buy Scrum!” We ended up with…
  • 34. ScrumFall A very modern way of water-falling… In a 3 week (kind of) steady pace… With a new set of tools to pressure people…
  • 35. ScrumFall Management prioritization Resource planning Estimations as commitments Sprint, sprint, sprint ... Additional Testing Detached Delivery Fixed scopes Handovers Big Design Up Front And lots of meetings!Comparing velocity between teams Fixed deadlines
  • 36. ScrumFall “What the Hell?” We started our “dynamic duo”!
  • 38. Round #3 “Nuno, something is wrong!” “Bruno, you sound like La Palice!” We begun to look behind the curtain…
  • 39. Round #3 “Let’s go deeper!” And we made a new friend!
  • 41. Scrum Manifesto Flows XP Practices Pull vs Push Kaizen Systems Constraints Complexity People Kanban Hyper Productivity Science of Teams Scrum Patterns Lean Thinking Agile Transformation Culture
  • 43. Outcomes: Shared common goals. Boost on all communication levels. From a group of individuals to a Team. #1 1 Week Sprints
  • 44. Outcomes: Emergence on solutions. Boost team morale and confidence. Excellence on engineering practices. Dramatically improve client’s trust. #2 Working Software Mindset
  • 45. Outcomes: Increase client’s engagement. Amplify Learning & See the Whole. Improve all communication channels. Learn from the client, “fast & furious”. #3 Scrum On a Lean Client
  • 46. Outcomes: Boost on team morale! Clarity on team capacity! Development steady pace regained. #4 Pulling The Sprint
  • 47. Doug Larson The trouble with learning from experience is that you never graduate.
  • 48. Power 3 You have to learn the rules of the Game.
  • 49. Any fool can know. The point is to understand. Albert Einstein
  • 51. Toyota True Mission Develop People First …and only then, Products. How did they get here?
  • 53. Post-World War II... 1949-1950 Low Japanese purchasing power. Therefore, low sales and production. Company's financial situation deteriorated. And, on top of it… massive strikes!
  • 54. Post-World War II... 1949-1950 Toyota Bankruptcy… Almost 
  • 55. Banks’ bailout conditions Sales independent from manufacturing. Elimination of "excess manpower“, aka, layoff: 2,146 workers & managers left! Founder Kiichiro Toyoda resigned!
  • 57. Toyota Post-Layoff Almost no managers? Wait a minute... No thinkers? Are you for real?
  • 58. Toyota Post-Layoff Only workers? Well no, we will have something different! All workers must be thinkers!
  • 59. How?
  • 60. What to do? Frederick Taylor Scientific Management Multi- specialization Taiichi Ohno Just-in-Time Autonomation W. E. Deming PDCA Systems Thinking
  • 61. The birth of Lean
  • 62. Toyota Production System... Lean LEAN TPS Scientific Management Multi-Specialization Just-in-Time Autonomation PDCA Systems Thinking
  • 64. Toyota breakthroughs From Push to Pull production. From Mass (Ford) to Lean production. From Workers & Thinkers to Thinkers only! From a Resources to a Systems Management. From disruptive Innovation to Continuous Improvement.
  • 66. Toyota True Mission Develop People First …and only then, Products. Did you get it?
  • 67. Now that we know a little better, do we fully understand it? “Any fool can know. The point is to understand.” Albert Einstein
  • 69. One Thinker = One PDCA D P C A 0 1 2 3 T1 T2 T3 T4 Standard 1 Thinker Standard 1 Thinker Mechanics
  • 70. Two Thinkers = Two PDCAs D P C A D P C A 0 1 2 3 0 2 4 6 T1 T2 T3 T4 Standard 1 Thinker Standard 2 Thinkers Mechanics
  • 71. N Thinkers = N PDCAs D P C A D P C A D P C A D P C A D P C A D P C A D P C A 0 1 2 3 0 2 4 6 0 7 14 21 T1 T2 T3 T4 Standard 1 Thinker Standard 2 Thinkers Standard N Thinkers Mechanics
  • 72. N Thinkers = N PDCAs D P C A D P C AD P C A D P C A D P C A D P C A D P C AD P C AD P C A D P C AD P C AD P C A D P C A Organizational View
  • 73. Only top hierarchy are Thinkers and so competent to develop Product (N-Workers) Thinkers = (N-Workers) PDCAs Organizational Blockage D P C AD P C A D P C A D P C A Workers in production line to execute only!
  • 76. Thinkers versus Workers? Organizational blockages? Toyota’s employees did not fall into this cultural trap! After all, they all are Thinkers! And with discipline and resilience from their Culture… They embraced the change! Embrace the change
  • 78. After 60 years of learning... ...and literally, gazillions of PDCA’s after... PDCA compound effect 0 1 2 3 0 2 4 6 0 7 14 21 T1 T2 T3 T4 Standard 1 Thinker Standard 2 Thinkers Standard N Thinkers
  • 79. On Toyota: From bankruptcy to world’s 1st automaker From 11,706 (1950) to 10,117,274 (2013) vehicles/year From bankruptcy to world’s 11th company by revenue From bankruptcy to world’s most profitable automaker PDCA compound effect
  • 80. In Japan: From defeat & destruction to a postwar miracle From bankruptcy to world’s 2nd developed economy From bankruptcy to world’s 3rd economy by nominal GDP PDCA compound effect
  • 81. From Lean to Scrum
  • 82. From Lean to Scrum 1986 – ‘The New New Product Development Game’ paper. Japan’s emergent study on Product Development: Type C – Overlapping Phases of Development Also referred as “Moving the Scrum Downfield”.
  • 83. From Lean to Scrum 1993 – First Scrum Experiments (Sutherland, Schwaber). 1995 – ‘Scrum Software Development Process’ paper, by Sutherland and Schwaber 2001 – Manifesto for Agile Software Development
  • 84. From Lean to Scrum D P C A Lean Plan Do Check Act Scrum Planning Sprint R2 = Review & Retrospective Emerge into Backlog S P E R2 S P R E R
  • 85. N Thinkers = N PDCAs D P C A D P C AD P C A D P C A D P C A D P C A D P C AD P C AD P C A D P C AD P C AD P C A D P C A Organizational View
  • 86. N Thinkers + X Scrum Teams = N + X PDCAs D P C AD P C A D P C A D P C A S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R Organizational View
  • 87. N Thinkers - X Scrum Teams = N - X PDCAs Scrum Teams as Workers in production line to execute only blocking Emergence D P C AD P C A D P C A D P C A S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R Organizational Blockage
  • 88. Project Driven Thinkers = 0 PDCAs = 0 Learning Scrum Teams as Workers in production line to execute projects iteractively. S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R S P R E R Design Plan Execute Design Plan Execute Design Plan Execute Design Plan Execute Organizational Blockage
  • 89. Thinking People Developing PDCA’s over Time To Build Value The Lesson
  • 90. Does our Lesson fit into Agile Values? How about Agile?
  • 91. How about Agile? Customer Collaboration Working Software Individuals & Interactions Responding to Change Agile Values
  • 92. Let’s do a simple exercise: Map the Agile Values to core Compound Concepts! How about Agile?
  • 93. Interaction, Iteration & Agile Values Interaction Driven Customer Collqboration Individuals & Interactions Iteration Driven Working Software Responding to Change
  • 94. Thinking People Interacting through Iterations To Build Value The Power
  • 95. Lessons 4 Sometimes we win, sometimes we learn.
  • 96. The only source of knowledge is experience. Albert Einstein
  • 97. Outcomes: Shared common goals. Boost on all communication levels. From a group of individuals to a Team. #1 1 Week Sprints Lessons: Leads to false felling of delivering value. Iteration is nothing without Interaction.
  • 98. Outcomes: Emergence on solutions. Boost team morale and confidence. Excellence on engineering practices. Dramatically improve client’s trust. #2 Working Software Mindset Lessons: Working Software is not always what user values the most. Value capitalization impacts tremendously on compound effect.
  • 99. Outcomes: Increase client’s engagement. Amplify Learning & See the Whole. Improve all communication channels. Learn from the client, “fast & furious”. #3 Scrum On a Lean Client Lessons: Customer Collaboration has huge compound value. It is easy to slow down iteration pace, hence, a balance must be pursued.
  • 100. Outcomes: Boost on team morale! Clarity on team capacity! Development steady pace regained. #4 Pulling The Sprint Lessons: Overflow blocks Iteration. Overflow blocks Interaction. Overflow blocks everything. Seeing the flow is amazing!
  • 101. Value 5 Money flows in the direction of Value.
  • 102. Price is what you pay. Value is what you get. Warren Buffet
  • 104. Money and Value Money ≠ Value Value can be expressed by: Business Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Customer relationship metrics (NPS, engagement, …) Other metrics… happiness metric ?
  • 106. Compound Interest and Scrum? Is there a relationship? Are we in the business of making money? 
  • 108. Compound Knowledge 𝑨 = 𝑷 × ( 𝟏 + 𝒓 ) 𝒕 Simplified (n=1) A = Future Value accumulated after t sprints P = Present Value (of the product/process) r = Nominal Improvement rate (%) t = Number of sprints to compound
  • 109. Compound Knowledge Does it make sense to you?
  • 110. Going back to Lean and Scrum
  • 111. Going back to Lean & Scrum D P C A S P R E R Lean (PDCA) Done by Quality Circles Focus on Efficiency Decrease Cost! ↑ Cycles ≫ ↓ Cost Scrum (PSR2 E) Done by Scrum Teams Focus on Effectiveness Deliver Value! ↑ Cycles ≫ ↑ Value
  • 112. Going back to Lean & Scrum Lean Scrum Main Goal Reduce Cost Deliver Value Focus On Efficiency Effectiveness Teams: QC Circles Scrum Teams Cycle: PDCA Sprint (PSE2 E) Deliverables: Process Improvements Product Increments
  • 113. Going back to Lean & Scrum Lean & Scrum are made by Thinkers! PDCAs and Sprints are empirical iteration processes! Learn by doing! And only by learning a lot… …your organizational knowledge is increased!
  • 114. Going back to Lean & Scrum Both Lean & Scrum have deliverables! And only by delivering your process/product is improved! You can deliver with an high or low frequency! You can also deliver high our low value improvements! This is what we call the Improvement rate (per delivery).
  • 115. Going back to Lean & Scrum The Improvement rate is, therefore, a function of: Team’s iteration (learning) cycle, the shorter the better. Team’s delivery (compounding) cycle, the shorter the better. Team’s interaction frequency & quality with the customer. Team’s (compounded) knowledge over time 
  • 116. Compound interest is the 8th wonder of the world. Albert Einstein
  • 118. A Simple Example Your 2 ecommerce sites’ monthly sales are $30,000/site. You want to improve it  You assemble 2 Scrum Teams, 1 per site… … and gave them a KPI to improve over 40 weeks: Gross Transaction Value (GTV)
  • 119. A Simple Example Team A decides: Iteration cycle = 2 weeks Delivery cycle = once every iteration
  • 120. A Simple Example Team B decides: Iteration cycle = 1 week Delivery cycle = once every iteration
  • 121. 403020100 211,200 30,000 Team Improvement rate Delivery cycle Multiplier A 5% / deliverable 1 every 2 weeks 2,7x B 5% / deliverable 1 every 1 week 7,0x 79,599
  • 122. Summing up Our experiments on the field, highlighted these 2 properties of an Agile Ecosystem, hence, no matter what you do or how you do it, just: Iterate & Interact to unleash… The Power of I(n)teration
  • 124. Our great references  Hirotaka Takeuchi & Ikujiro Nonaka: https://hbr.org/1986/01/the-new-new-product-development-game Jeff Sutherland & Ken Schwaber: http://navegapolis.net/files/Scrum_Development_Process.pdf Kiro Harada: http://www.slideshare.net/kiroh/tps-lean-and-agile-brief-history-and-future Filipe Correia: http://www.slideshare.net/fcorreia/evolving-software
  • 125. THANK YOU! Share if you liked this deck! xekin.org