SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 56
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
A LABORATORY SIMULATION
MODEL OF HEART USING A
LARGE COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
Dr Uday Prashant
Why Pulsatile flow
• Development of atherosclerosis is dependant upon
the vessel geometries, branching points and fluid
flow patterns
• It has been observed that early atherosclerotic
lesions develop preferentially in the vicinity of
arterial branching and
• curvature where blood flow patterns are complex
and multi-directional,
• The most recent such studies implicate oscillatory shear stress
on vessel walls in the development of early lesions.
• Although the biological basis of these observations remains
to be determined, flow-induced vascular endothelial
dysfunction is thought to be involved.
• Therefore, studies of arterial flow fields that aim to generate
physiologically relevant flow information need to be based on
realistic geometries and
• to incorporate blood flow pulsatility
• There have been several experiments to produce pulsatile
flow in laboratory
Requirements of pulsatile flow generators
• It is quite challenging to give more realistic picture of
pulsatile flow in heart without resorting to actual
humans or animals for better understanding of
pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
• They should be easily manufactured and not very
expensive and complicated.
• Should give actual rapid fluid pressure surges as seen in
our body.
• Same model should give wide pressure fluctuations seen
in various chambers like aorta, ventricles and atria
• Should not damage blood elements
Displacement and Vacuum pulsatile
pump but they fail to produce rapid
fluid transits seen in vivo
Pulsatile flow generators
Require computer control and actuator pumps
They are huge complicated and consume
lot of power
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
•
• The gear pumps used by Issartier et al.,
Petersen et al., etc produce cavitation and
damage to suspended particles.
• Peristaltic pumps which were developed later
to prevent particle damage of gear pumps
suffer the drawback of production of only
limited subset of waveforms even if they are
computer controlled and the systems lack
flexibility to operate under wide flow
conditions
• Microcomputer controlled piston pumps are
very complicated, difficult to set up and
cumbersome to operate
BASIC CONCEPTS

My discovery involves two basic concepts
1) Flow induced collapse in collapsible tubes
2) Fluid structure interactions in flexible tubes
Method of construction
• To a source water that has very negligible head is connected to
collapsing rubber bladder.
• This rubber bladder is highly elastic and the lower end is connected
to flexible thin garden hosepipe made of synthetic rubber or PVC.
• This flexible rubber tube hangs freely after taking initial ‘U’ shaped
curve.
• The distal end is open to atmosphere and all the connections are
airtight.
• If the vertical height from the tap to balloon is less than from
ground to the balloon (h1 > ho) and during certain range of flow
rates
• it exhibits an interesting phenomenon of alternate collapse
(buckling) and opening, along with generation of pulsatile flow of
water
Schematic diagram of novel pulsatile
flow generator
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
Other Potential uses
• I postulated seeing the vigor of contractions of
each pulsation
• May be it can be used as a novel hydroelectric
turbine.
• Did some initial experiments
• Awaiting funds for further research.
• Mainly used to provoke interest in investors
on this new technology which I developed
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
Principle of working
• Once the bladder and pipes are completely filled & flow is
fully established due to negative atmospheric pressure
created by Venturi effect, the rubber bladder collapses
and stops the flow.
• The flow is instantaneously reduced. Steady continuous
flow is converted to unsteady pulsatile flow by collapsible
bladder
• There is large negative pressure “WAVE” generated
travelling at speed of sound in water.
• This pressure wave interacts with specially designed
flexible tubes with elastic supports and transmits energy.
Types of Coupling
• The most significant mechanism is
- the junction coupling others are
- Poisson and
- friction coupling
• Wiggert D.C, Tijsseling, A. S (2001)- Junction coupling is taken place
due to unsupported discrete points of the piping systems such as
unrestrained valves, junctions, closed ends, pumps, etc.
• MOC (Method of Charecteristics) and FEM (Finite Element Method)
are used to solve structural equations.
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
Frequency and amplitude of oscillations

140

120

100

80

60

Frequency of oscillations per min
Amplitude of vibrations in mm

40

20

0

Flow rate in ml/sec
Variation of frequency with height at constant flow rate of
240 cm^3/sec

frequency and amplitude of oscillations

frequency of oscillatons
Amplitude of oscillations

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
30

50

96

Vertical height in cm

130

150

165
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
The figure below shows the deformation of a thin-walled elastic tube
which conveys a viscous flow (the direction of the flow is from left to
right).
• In its undeformed state, the tube is cylindrical and the ends of the tube
are held open (think of a thin-walled rubber tube, mounted on two rigid
tubes).
• As we increase the external pressure [from (a) to (d)], the tube buckles
and deforms strongly.
• The reduction in the tube's cross sectional area changes its flow resistance
and thereby the pressure distribution in the fluid, which in turn affects the
tube's deformation.
• This is a classical example for a large-displacement fluid-structure
interaction problem for which many applications exist in biomechanics
•

e.g. blood flow in veins and arteries, flow of air in the bronchial
airways, generation of wheeze, korokoff sounds during BP measurements
• The photograph below shows the experimental setup used to
investigate the viscous flow through elastic tubes:
• Inside a pressure chamber, a thin-walled rubber tube is
mounted on rigid tubes.
• A syringe pump at the upstream end pumps highly viscous
silicon oil through the tubes.
• The volume flux and the pressure inside the pressure
chamber can be controlled independently to induce the
tube's collapse.
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
The figure above shows an example of the two Finite Element meshes used
to solve the problem of Stokes flow in an elastic tube.
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
STEADY FLOW: CHOKING, FLOW LIMITATION AND ELASTIC
JUMPS
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
Theory of Waterhammer
• The bladder once collapsed must remain in same
state under ordinary conditions.
• But due to ingenious use of flexible tube, the ‘U’
shape bend and elastic supports lead to
• Complex fluid structure interactions which cause
the bladder to open automatically and produce
pulsatile flow.
• Water hammer effect is produced because during
collapse of bladder the velocity of flow changes
too rapidly < 4L/C where L is length of tube and C
is velocity of sound in water (1200m/sec)
UNDERSTANDING WATERHAMMER
• Water hammer is produced commonly in
dams or in houses, hotels, train bathroom taps
or valves suddenly opened or closed loud
bang is heard with vibrations of pipes mostly
at bends and junctions
• Can be as loud as a thunder
• Hardly any useful applications described and
mostly engineers interest is to suppress it to
maximum extent
Similar to hydraulic ram pump
• A hydraulic ram or impulse pump is a device
which uses the energy of falling water to lift a
lesser amount of water to a higher elevation than
the source.
• Each impulse creates waterhammer which pumps
water high much above from which water flows.
• The water hammer and pulsatile flow are created
by operation of solid valves but it doesn’t
resemble to collapse produced by beating heart
Hydraulic Ram Animation
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
Liebau Effect: - Valveless impedance
pump
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
The last terms in the Eqs (9B) and (10), modelling friction coupling, depend on the
relative velocity V - uz
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
p/ = 998.2 kg/m3, cr = 1257 m/s and AV = 0.3
m/s), but deviates from it when time proceeds

Wiggert DC and Tijsseling AS (2001), Fluid transients and fluid-structure
interaction in flexible liquid-filled piping,
ASME Applied Mechanics Reviews 54 455-481
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
• Our model also produces similar pressure
tracings depending upon location of pressure
recording.
• No need to separately construct different
prototypes for mimicking different chambers
of heart.
• All can be analyzed in one model and
simultaneously
A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder
Advantages
• By this model we develop alternative simulative in vitro
model for pulsatile flow fluid mechanics in both
heart chambers
blood vessels.
These are very cheap and easy to construct than
complicated design models shown earlier.
More realistic reproduction of pressure waves than other
models without involving complex gears, piston
pumps, actuators, micro computers
Does not damage blood elements
Other Uses
• Can be used as micro pump in fuel injection
system and drug manufacturing units.
• Can be used in particulate filtration unit
where pulsatile flow enhances rate of
particulate filtration process.
• Can be used as novel mini hydroelectric
turbine.
When something is new, they say
"it's not true".
When its truth becomes obvious, they say
"it's not important".
When its importance cannot be
denied, they reason, "it's not new".
William James
Thank you

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

AJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt original
AJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt originalAJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt original
AJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt originalAjay Kumar
 
ROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
ROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKINGROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
ROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKINGSammisla R Nayak
 
Classification of orifices
Classification of orificesClassification of orifices
Classification of orificesRomit Patel
 
080118 chapter 7 flow measurements
080118 chapter 7 flow measurements080118 chapter 7 flow measurements
080118 chapter 7 flow measurementsBinu Karki
 
Electronic Measurement Flow Measurement
Electronic Measurement Flow MeasurementElectronic Measurement Flow Measurement
Electronic Measurement Flow MeasurementBurdwan University
 
Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief - Natural Resources Conservation Service
Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief -  Natural Resources Conservation ServiceHydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief -  Natural Resources Conservation Service
Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief - Natural Resources Conservation ServiceFatin62c
 
Design Of Flow Meters
Design Of Flow MetersDesign Of Flow Meters
Design Of Flow MetersJaydeep Vakil
 
Flow rate and pressure head
Flow rate and pressure headFlow rate and pressure head
Flow rate and pressure headMusa Sabri
 
Multiphase Flow Performance in Piping Systems
Multiphase Flow Performance in Piping SystemsMultiphase Flow Performance in Piping Systems
Multiphase Flow Performance in Piping SystemsChrisJAlexisJr
 
Flowmeter colour bobbins
Flowmeter colour bobbinsFlowmeter colour bobbins
Flowmeter colour bobbinsRmdsrk
 

Was ist angesagt? (19)

Rota meter
Rota meterRota meter
Rota meter
 
Rotameter
RotameterRotameter
Rotameter
 
Rotational viscometers
Rotational viscometersRotational viscometers
Rotational viscometers
 
Lecture 9
Lecture 9Lecture 9
Lecture 9
 
AJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt original
AJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt originalAJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt original
AJAY CHAUHAN seminar ppt original
 
ROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
ROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKINGROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
ROTAMETER: ITS CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
 
Classification of orifices
Classification of orificesClassification of orifices
Classification of orifices
 
080118 chapter 7 flow measurements
080118 chapter 7 flow measurements080118 chapter 7 flow measurements
080118 chapter 7 flow measurements
 
Electronic Measurement Flow Measurement
Electronic Measurement Flow MeasurementElectronic Measurement Flow Measurement
Electronic Measurement Flow Measurement
 
Flow control and measurement
Flow control and measurementFlow control and measurement
Flow control and measurement
 
Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief - Natural Resources Conservation Service
Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief -  Natural Resources Conservation ServiceHydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief -  Natural Resources Conservation Service
Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Technical Brief - Natural Resources Conservation Service
 
Flow meter
Flow meterFlow meter
Flow meter
 
Design Of Flow Meters
Design Of Flow MetersDesign Of Flow Meters
Design Of Flow Meters
 
Flowmeters
FlowmetersFlowmeters
Flowmeters
 
Flow rate and pressure head
Flow rate and pressure headFlow rate and pressure head
Flow rate and pressure head
 
Multiphase Flow Performance in Piping Systems
Multiphase Flow Performance in Piping SystemsMultiphase Flow Performance in Piping Systems
Multiphase Flow Performance in Piping Systems
 
Fluid mechanics.ppt
Fluid mechanics.pptFluid mechanics.ppt
Fluid mechanics.ppt
 
Flowmeter - Brief
Flowmeter   - BriefFlowmeter   - Brief
Flowmeter - Brief
 
Flowmeter colour bobbins
Flowmeter colour bobbinsFlowmeter colour bobbins
Flowmeter colour bobbins
 

Andere mochten auch

Iahr2015 modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...
Iahr2015   modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...Iahr2015   modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...
Iahr2015 modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...Deltares
 
Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...
Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...
Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...AM Publications
 
Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...
Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...
Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...Beniamino Murgante
 
Vascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva ds
Vascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva dsVascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva ds
Vascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva dsdrucsamal
 
A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards of Dhaka City over th...
A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards ofDhaka City over th...A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards ofDhaka City over th...
A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards of Dhaka City over th...Bayes Ahmed
 
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...Mostafa Ghadamyari
 

Andere mochten auch (7)

Iahr2015 modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...
Iahr2015   modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...Iahr2015   modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...
Iahr2015 modeling the hydro-morphodynamics of the mouth of the scheldt estu...
 
Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...
Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...
Hydrodynamics and Morphological Changes Numerical Model of the Jeneberang Est...
 
Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...
Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...
Design of a Dynamic Land-Use Change Probability - Yongjin Joo, Chulmin Jun, S...
 
Vascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva ds
Vascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva dsVascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva ds
Vascular remodeling in patients with “non pulsatile” flow lva ds
 
A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards of Dhaka City over th...
A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards ofDhaka City over th...A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards ofDhaka City over th...
A Case Study of the Morphological Change of Four Wards of Dhaka City over th...
 
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...
 
Blood flow types
Blood flow typesBlood flow types
Blood flow types
 

Ähnlich wie A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder

NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDERNOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDERUday Prashant
 
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDERNOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDERUday Prashant
 
Water Hammer المطرقة المائية
Water Hammer المطرقة المائيةWater Hammer المطرقة المائية
Water Hammer المطرقة المائيةMohamed Khaled
 
Flow measurement in industries
Flow measurement in industriesFlow measurement in industries
Flow measurement in industriesMohsin Mulla
 
Seminar on water influx and well testing
Seminar on water influx and well testingSeminar on water influx and well testing
Seminar on water influx and well testingRupam_Sarmah
 
CHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.ppt
CHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.pptCHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.ppt
CHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.pptSomayehSarabadan
 
Manipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV Valve
Manipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV ValveManipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV Valve
Manipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV ValveIDES Editor
 
CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...
CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS  DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS  DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...
CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...DR NIKUNJ SHEKHADA
 
Blood pump perfusion
Blood pump perfusionBlood pump perfusion
Blood pump perfusionAkshayKatoch4
 
RheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical Perspective
RheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical PerspectiveRheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical Perspective
RheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical PerspectiveGrace Baek
 
Flow Measurnment
Flow MeasurnmentFlow Measurnment
Flow MeasurnmentParth Patel
 
DEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONS
DEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONSDEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONS
DEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONSTejaswiniNarayane
 

Ähnlich wie A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder (20)

NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDERNOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
 
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDERNOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROELECTRIC POWER USING COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER
 
Water Hammer المطرقة المائية
Water Hammer المطرقة المائيةWater Hammer المطرقة المائية
Water Hammer المطرقة المائية
 
Flow measurement in industries
Flow measurement in industriesFlow measurement in industries
Flow measurement in industries
 
Flow sensors
Flow sensorsFlow sensors
Flow sensors
 
Presentacion aquiferos
Presentacion aquiferosPresentacion aquiferos
Presentacion aquiferos
 
Seminar on water influx and well testing
Seminar on water influx and well testingSeminar on water influx and well testing
Seminar on water influx and well testing
 
CHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.ppt
CHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.pptCHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.ppt
CHAPTER_4C-Water-Hammer.ppt
 
Manipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV Valve
Manipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV ValveManipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV Valve
Manipulation of Water Hammer Problem by Modification of NRV Valve
 
CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...
CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS  DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS  DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...
CARDIO PULMONARYBYPASS BLOOD PUMPS DR NIKUNJ R SHEKHADA (MBBS,MSGEN SURG ,DN...
 
Blood pump perfusion
Blood pump perfusionBlood pump perfusion
Blood pump perfusion
 
CVM_Lect-1-9.pptx
CVM_Lect-1-9.pptxCVM_Lect-1-9.pptx
CVM_Lect-1-9.pptx
 
FLUID MECHANICS
FLUID MECHANICS FLUID MECHANICS
FLUID MECHANICS
 
RheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical Perspective
RheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical PerspectiveRheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical Perspective
RheoSense Webinar: Fundamentals of Viscosity: A Historical Perspective
 
Roller pump
Roller pumpRoller pump
Roller pump
 
Hydraulic system
Hydraulic systemHydraulic system
Hydraulic system
 
Unit 4
Unit 4Unit 4
Unit 4
 
Flow Measurnment
Flow MeasurnmentFlow Measurnment
Flow Measurnment
 
DEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONS
DEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONSDEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONS
DEWATERING METHODS IN DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONS
 
Reynold's number
Reynold's numberReynold's number
Reynold's number
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UbiTrack UK
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxBuilding AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxUdaiappa Ramachandran
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarPrecisely
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaborationbruanjhuli
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7DianaGray10
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsSeth Reyes
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-pyJamie (Taka) Wang
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsSafe Software
 
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesMd Hossain Ali
 
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostMatt Ray
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemAsko Soukka
 
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.YounusS2
 
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Brian Pichman
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxBuilding AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
 
20230104 - machine vision
20230104 - machine vision20230104 - machine vision
20230104 - machine vision
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
 
20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
 
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
 
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
 
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
 
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
 

A novel Simulation model for working of heart using collapsible bladder

  • 1. A LABORATORY SIMULATION MODEL OF HEART USING A LARGE COLLAPSIBLE BLADDER Dr Uday Prashant
  • 2. Why Pulsatile flow • Development of atherosclerosis is dependant upon the vessel geometries, branching points and fluid flow patterns • It has been observed that early atherosclerotic lesions develop preferentially in the vicinity of arterial branching and • curvature where blood flow patterns are complex and multi-directional,
  • 3. • The most recent such studies implicate oscillatory shear stress on vessel walls in the development of early lesions. • Although the biological basis of these observations remains to be determined, flow-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction is thought to be involved. • Therefore, studies of arterial flow fields that aim to generate physiologically relevant flow information need to be based on realistic geometries and • to incorporate blood flow pulsatility
  • 4. • There have been several experiments to produce pulsatile flow in laboratory
  • 5. Requirements of pulsatile flow generators • It is quite challenging to give more realistic picture of pulsatile flow in heart without resorting to actual humans or animals for better understanding of pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. • They should be easily manufactured and not very expensive and complicated. • Should give actual rapid fluid pressure surges as seen in our body. • Same model should give wide pressure fluctuations seen in various chambers like aorta, ventricles and atria • Should not damage blood elements
  • 6. Displacement and Vacuum pulsatile pump but they fail to produce rapid fluid transits seen in vivo
  • 8. Require computer control and actuator pumps
  • 9. They are huge complicated and consume lot of power
  • 11.
  • 12. • The gear pumps used by Issartier et al., Petersen et al., etc produce cavitation and damage to suspended particles. • Peristaltic pumps which were developed later to prevent particle damage of gear pumps suffer the drawback of production of only limited subset of waveforms even if they are computer controlled and the systems lack flexibility to operate under wide flow conditions • Microcomputer controlled piston pumps are very complicated, difficult to set up and cumbersome to operate
  • 13. BASIC CONCEPTS My discovery involves two basic concepts 1) Flow induced collapse in collapsible tubes 2) Fluid structure interactions in flexible tubes
  • 14. Method of construction • To a source water that has very negligible head is connected to collapsing rubber bladder. • This rubber bladder is highly elastic and the lower end is connected to flexible thin garden hosepipe made of synthetic rubber or PVC. • This flexible rubber tube hangs freely after taking initial ‘U’ shaped curve. • The distal end is open to atmosphere and all the connections are airtight. • If the vertical height from the tap to balloon is less than from ground to the balloon (h1 > ho) and during certain range of flow rates • it exhibits an interesting phenomenon of alternate collapse (buckling) and opening, along with generation of pulsatile flow of water
  • 15. Schematic diagram of novel pulsatile flow generator
  • 19. Other Potential uses • I postulated seeing the vigor of contractions of each pulsation • May be it can be used as a novel hydroelectric turbine. • Did some initial experiments • Awaiting funds for further research. • Mainly used to provoke interest in investors on this new technology which I developed
  • 21. Principle of working • Once the bladder and pipes are completely filled & flow is fully established due to negative atmospheric pressure created by Venturi effect, the rubber bladder collapses and stops the flow. • The flow is instantaneously reduced. Steady continuous flow is converted to unsteady pulsatile flow by collapsible bladder • There is large negative pressure “WAVE” generated travelling at speed of sound in water. • This pressure wave interacts with specially designed flexible tubes with elastic supports and transmits energy.
  • 22. Types of Coupling • The most significant mechanism is - the junction coupling others are - Poisson and - friction coupling • Wiggert D.C, Tijsseling, A. S (2001)- Junction coupling is taken place due to unsupported discrete points of the piping systems such as unrestrained valves, junctions, closed ends, pumps, etc. • MOC (Method of Charecteristics) and FEM (Finite Element Method) are used to solve structural equations.
  • 26. Frequency and amplitude of oscillations 140 120 100 80 60 Frequency of oscillations per min Amplitude of vibrations in mm 40 20 0 Flow rate in ml/sec
  • 27. Variation of frequency with height at constant flow rate of 240 cm^3/sec frequency and amplitude of oscillations frequency of oscillatons Amplitude of oscillations 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 30 50 96 Vertical height in cm 130 150 165
  • 29. The figure below shows the deformation of a thin-walled elastic tube which conveys a viscous flow (the direction of the flow is from left to right).
  • 30. • In its undeformed state, the tube is cylindrical and the ends of the tube are held open (think of a thin-walled rubber tube, mounted on two rigid tubes). • As we increase the external pressure [from (a) to (d)], the tube buckles and deforms strongly. • The reduction in the tube's cross sectional area changes its flow resistance and thereby the pressure distribution in the fluid, which in turn affects the tube's deformation. • This is a classical example for a large-displacement fluid-structure interaction problem for which many applications exist in biomechanics • e.g. blood flow in veins and arteries, flow of air in the bronchial airways, generation of wheeze, korokoff sounds during BP measurements
  • 31. • The photograph below shows the experimental setup used to investigate the viscous flow through elastic tubes: • Inside a pressure chamber, a thin-walled rubber tube is mounted on rigid tubes. • A syringe pump at the upstream end pumps highly viscous silicon oil through the tubes. • The volume flux and the pressure inside the pressure chamber can be controlled independently to induce the tube's collapse.
  • 34. The figure above shows an example of the two Finite Element meshes used to solve the problem of Stokes flow in an elastic tube.
  • 36. STEADY FLOW: CHOKING, FLOW LIMITATION AND ELASTIC JUMPS
  • 38. Theory of Waterhammer • The bladder once collapsed must remain in same state under ordinary conditions. • But due to ingenious use of flexible tube, the ‘U’ shape bend and elastic supports lead to • Complex fluid structure interactions which cause the bladder to open automatically and produce pulsatile flow. • Water hammer effect is produced because during collapse of bladder the velocity of flow changes too rapidly < 4L/C where L is length of tube and C is velocity of sound in water (1200m/sec)
  • 39. UNDERSTANDING WATERHAMMER • Water hammer is produced commonly in dams or in houses, hotels, train bathroom taps or valves suddenly opened or closed loud bang is heard with vibrations of pipes mostly at bends and junctions • Can be as loud as a thunder • Hardly any useful applications described and mostly engineers interest is to suppress it to maximum extent
  • 40. Similar to hydraulic ram pump • A hydraulic ram or impulse pump is a device which uses the energy of falling water to lift a lesser amount of water to a higher elevation than the source. • Each impulse creates waterhammer which pumps water high much above from which water flows. • The water hammer and pulsatile flow are created by operation of solid valves but it doesn’t resemble to collapse produced by beating heart
  • 43. Liebau Effect: - Valveless impedance pump
  • 45. The last terms in the Eqs (9B) and (10), modelling friction coupling, depend on the relative velocity V - uz
  • 48. p/ = 998.2 kg/m3, cr = 1257 m/s and AV = 0.3 m/s), but deviates from it when time proceeds Wiggert DC and Tijsseling AS (2001), Fluid transients and fluid-structure interaction in flexible liquid-filled piping, ASME Applied Mechanics Reviews 54 455-481
  • 51. • Our model also produces similar pressure tracings depending upon location of pressure recording. • No need to separately construct different prototypes for mimicking different chambers of heart. • All can be analyzed in one model and simultaneously
  • 53. Advantages • By this model we develop alternative simulative in vitro model for pulsatile flow fluid mechanics in both heart chambers blood vessels. These are very cheap and easy to construct than complicated design models shown earlier. More realistic reproduction of pressure waves than other models without involving complex gears, piston pumps, actuators, micro computers Does not damage blood elements
  • 54. Other Uses • Can be used as micro pump in fuel injection system and drug manufacturing units. • Can be used in particulate filtration unit where pulsatile flow enhances rate of particulate filtration process. • Can be used as novel mini hydroelectric turbine.
  • 55. When something is new, they say "it's not true". When its truth becomes obvious, they say "it's not important". When its importance cannot be denied, they reason, "it's not new". William James