1. Project Human Resources
Management
Waleed El-Naggar, MBA, PMP

2. Human Resources Management
 “Project Human Resource Management
includes the processes that organize and
manage the project team. The project team is
comprised of the people who have assigned
roles and responsibilities for completing the
project.” PMBOK Page 214
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3. Project HRM Processes
Human
Resources
Management
Develop
Acquire Develop Manage
Human
Project Team Project Team Project Team
Resource Plan
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4. Project HRM Process Flow
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5. 9.1 Develop HR Plan
 Determine project roles and responsibilities
 Identify staffing requirements
 Determine project relationships
 Determine how and when the team members
will be acquired and released
 Plan for recognition and rewards
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6. Develop HR Plan: Inputs (1)
1. Enterprise Environmental Factors
 Organizational
 Technical
 Interpersonal
 Logistical
 Political
Constraints to HR Planning
 Organizational Structure
 Collective Bargaining Agreements
 Economic Conditions
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7. HR Planning: Inputs (2)
2. Organization Process Assets
 Templates
 Checklists
3. Activity Resource Requirements
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8. Develop HR Plan: T & T (1)
1. Organizational Charts and Position Description
 Hierarchical-type charts
 Matrix-based Charts
 Text-oriented Formats
 Other Sections of the Project Plan
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9. Develop HR Plan: T & T (2)
2. Networking
3. Organizational Theory
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10. Develop HR Plan: Outputs (1)
1. Human Resource Plan
 Roles and Responsibilities: Project Manager,
Team Members, Functional Manager, Business
Analyst, Sponsor, … etc.
 Role
 Authority
 Responsibility
 Competency
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11. Develop HR Plan: Outputs (2)
 Project Organization Charts
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12. Develop HR Plan: Outputs (3)
 Staffing Management Plan:
 Describes the entrance and release criteria
human resources into the project.
 Includes resource Histograms and time-tables
which illustrate resource usage in the project
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13. Exam Spotlights
 Understand the key environmental factors and the
three constraints that can impact the Human
Resource Planning process
 Using templates and checklists is one way to
ensure that you don’t miss any key responsibilities
when planning the project and will help reduce the
amount of time spent in planning
 RAM relates the OBS to WBS to assure that every
component of work is assigned to an individual
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14. Quiz 1
You have been assigned as a project manager for
a software development project. The project team
consists of 15 team members. You want to
understand who is responsible for doing what in
the project. Where can you find this information?
A. Responsibility Assignment Matrix
B. Resource Histogram
C. Bar Chart
D. Project Organization Chart
The answer is A
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15. Quiz 2
What type of organization is BEST for managing
complex projects involving cross disciplinary
efforts?
A. Projectized
B. Functional
C. Line
D. Matrix
The answer is D
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16. 9.2 Acquire Project Team
 Attain & assign human resources to the
project.
 Staff may come from inside or outside the
organization
 Project Manager does not always have control
over team members selection.
 Beware of Halo Effect: “You are a great
programmer, so when we hire you project
manager we expect you to be great”.
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17. Acquire Project Team: Inputs
1. Project Management Plan
 Roles & Responsibilities
 Project Organization Chart
 Staffing Management Plan
2. Enterprise Environmental Factors
 Availability
 Ability
 Experience
 Interests
 Cost
 Location
3. Organizational Process Assets
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18. Acquire Project Team T&T
1. Pre-Assignment
2. Negotiation
3. Acquisition
4. Virtual Teams
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19. Acquire Project Team Outputs
1. Project Staff Assignment
2. Resource Calendar: documents the time periods
each project team member can work on the
project.
3. Project Management Plan Updates.
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20. Exam Spotlight
 Should understand the importance of the
availability, experience levels, interests, cost,
and abilities of the resource.
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21. Quiz 3
The MOST common causes of conflict are
project schedules, project priorities and:
A. Personalities
B. Resources
C. Cost
D. Management
The Answer is B
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22. Quiz 4
During project planning in a matrix organization,
the project manager determines that additional
human resources are needed. From whom would
he/she request these resources?
A. Functional Manager
B. Team
C. Project Sponsor
D. Human Resources Department
The Answer is A
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23. Quiz 5
A project manager must publish a project schedule.
Activities, start/end times and resources are identified.
What should the project manager do NEXT?
A. Distribute the schedule according to communication
plan.
B. Confirm availability of resources
C. Refine the project plan to reflect more accurate cost
information.
D. Publish a bar chart illustrating the timeline.
The Answer is B
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24. 9.3 Develop Project Team
 Creating and open, encouraging environment
for your team
 Developing & enhancing the team into an
effective, functioning, and coordinated group.
 It’s complicated in matrix structures where
there are dual reporting relationships.
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25. Develop Project Team: Inputs
1. Project Staff Assignments
2. Project Management Plan
3. Resource Calendar
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26. Develop Project Team: T&T (1)
1. Interpersonal Skills (Soft Skills):
Understand sentiments of TMs, anticipate
actions, acknowledge concerns and follow up
their issues.
2. Training:
 Technical
 Soft skills
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27. Develop Project Team: T&T (2)
3. Team Building Activities: to improve interpersonal
relationships and team cohesiveness, may be by
involving team members in planning.
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28. Develop Project Team: T&T (3)
4. Ground Rules: decreases conflicts and
increases productivity.
5. Co-location: Placing team members or most
of them in the same location.
6. Recognition & Reward: Formal actions to
promote high performance and involve
effective systems to link between
performance and reward.
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29. Motivational Theory
1. McGregor’s Theory : X and Y
 Theory X : Workers need to be watched, hate work and
responsibility. Managers must use coercion, threats &
various control schemes to get workers to meet objectives.
 Theory Y : Workers can work without supervision, they
want to achieve, and can make their own decisions.
Workers enjoy the satisfaction of esteem and self-
actualization needs.
 Ouchi’s Theory Z: based on the participative
management style of the Japanese. workers are
motivated by a sense of commitment, opportunity &
advancement.
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30. Motivational Theory
2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
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31. Motivational Theory
3. Hygiene Theory
There are two factors that
contribute to motivation:
 Hygiene factors deal with
work environment issues.
Those factors prevent
dissatisfaction but do not
necessarily bring satisfaction.
 Motivational factors: factors
produce job satisfaction
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32. Motivational Theory
4. Expectancy Theory
The expectation of a positive outcome drives
motivation. People will behave in certain ways if they
think there will be good rewards for doing so
This theory also says that people become what you
expect of them.
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33. Motivational Theory
5. Achievement Theory
Achievement Theory says that people are motivated by the
need for three things: achievement, power, and affiliation.
 The achievement motivation is obviously the need to
achieve or succeed.
 The power motivation involves a desire for influencing
the behavior of others.
 The need for affiliation is relationship oriented. Workers
want to have friendships with their coworkers and a
sense of camaraderie with their fellow team members.
The strength of your team members’ desire for each of
these will drive their performance on various activities.
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34. Powers of the Project Manager
Power is the potential ability to influence
behavior to get people to do things they would
not otherwise do.
Types of power include:
 Coercive power (Penalty)
 Legitimate power (Formal)
 Expert power
 Reward power
 Referent power
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35. Develop Project Team: Outputs
1. Team Performance Assessment:
 Improvement in skills to allow for higher
performance.
 Improvement in competencies and moral.
 Reduced turnover rates
2. Enterprise Environmental Factors Updates
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37. Exam Spotlights
 Different teams progress through the stages of
development at different rates. When new team
members are brought onto the team, the
development stages start all over again.
 Remember that Herzberg was the inventor of the
Hygiene Theory and that this theory claims that
hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction while
motivators lead to satisfaction
 Understand the theories of motivation.
 Understand the different types of project
manager powers
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38. Quiz 6
Project performance appraisals are different from
team performance assessment in that project
performance appraisals focus on:
A. How an individual team member is performing
on the project
B. An evaluation of the project team’s effectiveness
C. A team building effort
D. Reducing the staff turnover rate
The Answer is A
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39. Quiz 7
A PM is trying to settle a dispute between team members. One says
the systems should be integrated before testing, and the other wants
each system be tested before integration. The project involves 12
systems that need to be integrated and deadline of the project is of
high priority. What is the BEST statement the PM can make to
resolve the conflict?
A. Do it my way
B. Let’s calm down and get the job done
C. Let’s discuss this issue in our next meeting.
D. Let’s do some limited testing before integration and finish the
testing after the integration.
The Answer is D - Compromise
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40. 9.4 Manage Project Team
Tracking & reporting on the performance of
individual team members. Performance
appraisals are prepared and conducted, issues
are identified and resolved & feedback is given to
the team members
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41. Manage Project Team: Inputs
1. Project Staff Assignments.
2. Project Management Plan.
3. Team Performance Assessment: formal and
informal.
4. Work Performance Information: e.g. CPI & SPI.
5. Organizational Process Assets.
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42. Manage Project Team: T&T (1)
1. Observation and conversation: PMs talk to
people to understand what is going on.
2. Project Performance Appraisals: Evaluation of
employees from people who supervise them.
3. Issue Log: document issues, deadlines and
issue owner.
4. Interpersonal Skills
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43. Manage Project Team: T&T (2)
4. Conflict Management
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44. Sources of Conflict
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45. Manage Project Team: Outputs
1. Enterprise Environmental Factors Updates
2. Organizational Process Assets Updates
3. Requested Changes.
4. Updated Project Plan.
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46. Exam Spotlights
 Take note that the PMBOK states that one of
the outcomes or results of the Manage Project
Team process is an update to the staffing
management plan. However, staffing
management plan updates are not listed as an
output of this process
 Understand the different conflict resolution
techniques
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47. PM HRM Responsibilities
 Create a project team directory
 Negotiate with resource managers for the best
available resources.
 Understand the team members’ needs for training
related to the project and make sure they get it.
 Create a formal staffing plan.
 Prepare reports for team members’ performance.
 Make sure team members are motivated.
 Create a reward system.
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48. Quiz 8
Q: What conflict Resolution technique is a project
manager using when he says, “ I cannot deal with this
issue now!”
A. Problem Solving
B. Forcing
C. Withdrawal
D. Compromising
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The Answer is C by: Waleed El-Naggar
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49. Quiz 9
All the following forms of powers are derived from the
project manager’s position except:
A. Formal
B. Reward
C. Penalty
D. Expert
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The Answer is D by: Waleed El-Naggar
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