This document discusses what makes humans unique from other animals and beings. It explores the key traits of tool use, technology creation, and possession of advanced brains that separate humans. The document also examines ideas around human origins, including special creation versus human evolution. Additionally, it covers concepts of natural rights, humanity, and humanism as frameworks to understand what constitutes a human being.

1. and Human Rights

2. 22
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3. “We declare our right on
this earth to be a man, to
be a human being, to be
respected as a human
being, to be given the
rights of a human being in
this society, on this earth,
in this day, which we intend
to bring into existence by
any means necessary.”
-- Malcolm X

4. To be a MAN?

5. 1
Opposable
THUMBS
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6. 2
The Human
BRAIN
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The brain is not enough.

8. Tool Use vs. Technology Use
Monkeys can pick up
things and use them.
But only humans can create
something entirely new.

9. To be a HUMAN BEING?

10. What do we mean when
we use the word, humane?
It’s more than just biology.
What about
inhumane?
Inhuman?
Humanity

11. The “Humanities”
“The study of humanity”
– From humanitas, coined by Cicero
to describe the education of a
cultivated human being
Humanistic Disciplines
– Art
– History
– Literature
– Music
– Philosophy
Cicero

12. Raphael,
“The School of
Athens”
Congo the Chimp,
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Humanity

15. What traits make humans different
from other animals? Be sure to note
which differences are fundamental
and which differences are by degree.

16. Ideas Concerning Human Origins
Special Creation Human Evolution
Faith and modern science have both put forward explanations
of human origins that everyone who seeks to be human must
grapple with at some point.

17. Michelangelo,
The Creation of Adam

18. Darwinian
Evolution
Humans evolved
through a process of
natural selection.

19. “Theistic”
Evolution
Belief in a God-directed
evolutionary process

20. of a HUMAN BEING?

21. Natural Rights
John Locke
(Philosopher)
ife
iberty
roperty
The U.S. Declaration
of Independence
employs the
language of Locke’s
natural rights
theory.

22. Social
Darwinism
The application of
Darwinian biological
theory to social relations
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Survival of
the Fittest

24. COMPETITION
The ONLY natural right
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