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Consumers and the Future of Sustainability




                               SUSTAINABILITYLOGOTYPE FOR PRINT ONLY
Contents
                                                                                                                           4	INTRODUCTION


About This Study
                                             Developed by BBMG, GlobeScan and SustainAbility, The Regeneration
                                             Consumer Study is an online survey of consumer attitudes, motivations
                                             and behaviors around sustainable consumption among 6,224
                                             respondents in six major international markets (Brazil, China, Germany,               THINK                                        define
                                             India, United Kingdom and United States). Fielded in September and
                                                                                                                           Responsibility, Leadership and Trust        Priorities, Preferences and Behaviors
                                             October 2012, the study represents a holistic exploration of sustainability
                                                                                                                                 				
                                             market trends, priorities and engagement pathways, including information
                                                                                                                                 10	 Responsibility for Leadership           20	 Motivations for Switching Brands
                                             on sustainable consumption, trust, transparency, social issues, behavior
                                                                                                                                 12	 Corporate Leaders and Laggards          22	 Sustainable Consumption
                                             change, consumer collaboration, participation and advocacy actions.
                                                                                                                                 14	 Most Important Issues                   24	 Sustainable Behaviors
                                                                                                                                 16	 The Source of Trust                     26	 Barriers and Levers to Sustainable 		
                                             The overarching goal of the study is to bring the consumer voice into
                                                                                                                                                                             	Purchasing
                                             the sustainability conversation and help articulate specific decisions
                                             and actions that companies can take to accelerate and grow a more
                                             sustainable economy. Specifically, the study seeks to:

                                             •	 Uncover consumer motivations that drive their interest in living
                                                sustainable lives – and provide opportunities for companies to
                                                create products and services with beneficial economic, social and
                                                environmental impact;

                                             •	 Provide insights and implications that help companies make the
                                                business case for sustainability and advance the creation and                      NEW                                          ENGAGE
                                                deployment of more sustainable products, policies and practices; and
                                                                                                                           Happiness, Collaboration                    Consumer Segments from
                                             •	 Better understand how companies can engage consumers in creating a         and Participation                           Advocates to Indifferents
                                                sustainable economy and future.
                                                                                                                                 30	 The Dynamics of Happiness               40	Advocates
                                                                                                                                 32	 Collaboration and Participation         42	Aspirationals
                                             The study is part of The Regeneration Roadmap, a collaborative and                  34	 Individualism and Shared 			            44	Practicals
                                             multi-faceted thought leadership initiative designed to engage the private          	Responsibility                             46	Indifferents
                                             sector in advancing and achieving sustainable development by improving
                                             sustainability strategy, increasing credibility and delivering results at
                                             greater speed and scale.
                                                                                                                           48	 IMPLICATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACTION
                                             We thank Presenting Sponsors BMW Group and SC Johnson, and
                                             Sponsors Cisco, DuPont, Interface and Pfizer for their support of the
                                             Regeneration Roadmap as well as Brown-Forman, Campbell’s, Itau,               52	   METHODOLOGY, CREDITS, and SPONSORS
                                             L’Oréal, Shell and Starbucks for their direct support of the Regeneration
                                             Consumer Study.




2   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                   ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   3
Introduction
                                             Twenty years after the first Rio Earth Summit, the global economy and
                                             natural environment face unprecedented stresses as scarce resources
                                             are stretched to meet growing needs.

                                             Economists brace for “peak everything” and “the end of growth” while
                                             citizens around the world question ways of doing business that prioritize
                                             short-term, transactional, profit-only thinking over long-term, transparent
                                             and trusted relationships that drive shared value.
                                                                                                                           Consumers are
                                             Global challenges persist from climate change and safe drinking water to
                                             jobs, health and education, while demographers expect profound social
                                                                                                                           Re:THINKING consumption,
                                             and environmental impacts as two billion more people will live on the
                                             planet by 2050.                                                               Re:DEFINING success and
                                             Amidst all this, new research with over 6,000 consumers across six
                                             countries provides evidence that a new marketplace is rising. That
                                             attitudes and behaviors are shifting. That opportunities for collaboration
                                                                                                                           Re:IMAGINING the future of a
                                             are expanding. And that a new cadre of enterprising brands is seizing the
                                             moment to innovate smarter, safer, cleaner and greener solutions.             more sustainable economy.
                                             As mission-driven brands focus on taking sustainability to scale and the
                                             largest corporations leverage their capabilities to advance sustainability,
                                             the role of consumers has never been more important — not as passive
                                             targets of the latest marketing promotion, but as the greatest potential
                                             force for value generation and change.

                                             While significant barriers to more sustainable consumption remain – from
                                             perceptions of product performance, to high prices, skepticism about
                                             product claims and a lack of knowledge about what makes a product
                                             socially or environmentally responsible – there are pathways to progress.

                                             Like never before, consumers are uniting deeply held principles with
                                             everyday pragmatism, demonstrating a sense of purpose with more
                                             active participation to help create solutions that can improve their own
                                             lives while creating a more sustainable economy that can benefit all.




4   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                             RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   5
Summary of Key Findings
                                             •	 Rethinking Consumption: Consuming Less. Consuming Better.                     •	 The Dynamics of Happiness: Balancing Relationships, Time and Passions with
                                                Nearly two-thirds of respondents across six markets (66%) say that “as           Income and Material Possessions. While consumers across all markets overwhelmingly
                                                a society, we need to consume a lot less to improve the environment for          say “friends and family are the most important thing in life” (85%), consumers in developing
                                                future generations,” and 65% say they feel “a sense of responsibility to         markets are more than twice as likely as those in developed markets to prioritize “time with
                                                purchase products that are good for the environment and society.”                people and projects I care about” over income (62% to 28%, respectively). Conversely,
                                                                                                                                 consumers in developing markets are also more than twice as likely to say “having a lot of
                                             •	 New Demands and Opportunities in Emerging Markets. Consumers                     material possessions is important to my happiness,” (49% to 23%, respectively).
                                                in developing markets (Brazil, China, India) are more than twice as
                                                likely as their counterparts in developed markets (Germany, United            •	 Consumer Segmentation: From Advocates to Indifferents. Advanced statistical
                                                Kingdom, United States) to report that they purchase products because            modeling reveals four consumer segments on the sustainability spectrum, from highly
                                                of environmental and social benefits (51% to 22%), are willing to pay            committed Advocates (14%) to style and social status-seeking Aspirationals (37%), to price
                                                more for sustainable products (60% to 26%) and encourage others to               and performance-minded Practicals (34%) and less engaged Indifferents (16%), providing
                                                buy from companies that are socially and environmentally responsible             a rich understanding of consumer values, motivations and behaviors as well as insights and
                                                (70% to 34%).                                                                    opportunities for engagement and action.

                                             •	 Perceptions of Price, Performance and Credibility Critical to                 •	 Aspirationals Offer Key to Sustainable Consumption. Importantly, the largest consumer
                                                Driving Sustainable Consumption. A majority of consumers globally                segment, the Aspirationals, is seeking both sustainability and consumption. They are
                                                agree or strongly agree that they would “purchase more products that             looking for brands to provide solutions that both improve their lives and serve the larger
                                                are environmentally and socially responsible” if they “performed as well         society. And, because they are trendsetters in emerging markets like China and India,
                                                as, or better than, products they usually buy” (75%), “it didn’t cost more”      we believe business has the opportunity to shape a new consumerism by meeting their
                                                (70%), and “companies’ health and environmental claims were more                 aspirations and desires with more sustainable products and lifestyle choices.
                                                believable” (64%).
                                                                                                                              •	 Implications and Opportunities for Action. Finally, building on our consumer
                                             •	 Sharing Responsibility for a Shared Future. Three in four                        segmentation analysis, the concluding section of the study explores the tension between
                                                respondents globally say that government (76%), businesses (74%)                 material possessions and social and environmental progress – a dynamic that we believe
                                                and consumers (74%) should be very or extremely responsible                      provides the greatest opportunity for companies to advance sustainable consumption
                                                for “working to improve the environment and society for future                   and create positive social impact through their practices. We outline five implications and
                                                generations,” with two-thirds of respondents globally (65%) saying they          action steps to advance a more sustainable economy, including opportunities for product
                                                personally “feel a sense of responsibility to society.”                          innovation, transparent communication, social networking and consumer collaboration.

                                             •	 Requiring Action: Top Issues for Companies to Address Include
                                                Water, Health, Fairness and Jobs. Nine in 10 consumers globally
                                                (92%) say it is very or extremely important for companies to address
                                                “safe drinking water” as part of their products, services or operations,
                                                followed by health care (87%), fair wages and safe working conditions
                                                (87%), jobs and economic opportunity (86%) and waste reduction (86%).

                                             •	 Collaboration and Participation: Being Part of the Solution.
                                                Two-thirds of consumers globally (67%) are “interested in sharing their
                                                ideas, opinions and experiences with companies to help them develop
                                                better products or create new solutions,” while seven in ten consumers
                                                globally (72%) “believe in voting and advocating for issues important
                                                to me.”


6   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                               ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   7
Responsibility,
THINK   Leadership and Trust
THINK                                                                                                 Sector Responsibility
                                                                                                                                                          All 6 Markets         Developed Countries               Developing Countries

Responsibility for Leadership                                                                                                          Government
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           76%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         72%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             79%
                                              No one sector owns the responsibility for working to improve the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           74%
                                              environment and society for future generations. Three in four consumers
                                                                                                                                        Businesses                                                                         74%
                                              see this as a shared obligation among government, the private sector and                                                                                                      75%
                                              consumers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          74%
                                              Each sector’s role, though, is different. For governments, it’s largely                   Consumers                                                                       71%
                                              focused on policies designed to limit negative impacts while encouraging                                                                                                      77%
                                              socially and environmentally responsible development.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    69%
                                              In the private sector, it’s about setting and achieving goals that make      Non-Profit Organizations                                                              64%
                                              both products and operations better for people and the planet. And many                                                                                                       75%
                                              consumers see themselves and other individuals as part of this equation
                                              through the purchase of environmentally friendly and ethical products and               Charities and                                                              64%
                                              by taking actions that reduce their own environmental impact.                                                                                                58%
                                                                                                                                     Philanthropists                                                                   70%
                                              Many see important supporting roles for other organizations as well
                                              – NGOs and non-profits that create specific programs addressing                                                                                         53%
                                              environmental protection; charities and philanthropies that fund              Religious Organizations                                        42%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 64%
                                              such programs and initiatives; and the faith community, by sharing
                                              information and encouraging responsible actions and beliefs among their     Note: 1=not responsible at all, 5=extremely responsible
                                              congregations.                                                              % who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                                                                                                          Question 12: How responsible should each of the following groups be in working to help improve the environment
                                                                                                                          and society for future generations?

                                              	 All sectors share responsibility for
                                                building a sustainable future.




10   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                                 ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   11
Brand Leaders and Laggards (All 6 Markets)
                                                                                                                                                          2.0          2.5            3.0            3.5                     4.0              4.5         5.0   Leader

                                                                                                                                               Google                                                                                  4.2
                                                                                                                                                 Apple                                                                               4.1
                                                                                                                                                 BMW                                                                           4.0



                     THINK
                                                                                                                              Procter & Gamble (P&G)                                                                          4.0
                                                                                                                                            Coca-Cola                                                                         4.0
                                                                                                                                           Volkswagen                                                                        3.9
                                                                                                                                             Walmart*                                                                        3.9
                                                                                                                                             Facebook                                                                        3.9

Corporate Leaders and Laggards                                                                                                                      HP
                                                                                                                                           SC Johnson                                                                    3.9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             3.9



                                               How do consumers rate the environmental and social leadership of                               Unilever                                                                   3.9
                                               companies within their respective sectors? From an industry perspective,                         L’Oréal                                                                 3.8
                                               some may have a more positive halo than others: technology, automotive
                                                                                                                                                 Pfizer                                                                3.8
                                               and retail companies are all rated above the average. Those in alcohol
                                               beverages, gas/petrol and flooring fall below average. In the remaining                         DuPont                                                              3.7

        Consumers see                          sectors, consumer rankings of companies are as likely to be above the
                                               average as below.
                                                                                                                                               Pepsico                                                             3.7


       leadership in the                       All five technology companies included in the study garner scores at or
                                                                                                                                                 Cisco
                                                                                                                                             Starbucks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3.7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 3.7

     technology sector                         above the overall average, led by Google (average score = 4.2), and
                                               closely followed by Apple (4.1).
                                                                                                                                                  Kraft                                                          3.6
                                                                                                                                                  Shell                                                          3.6
        and have mixed                         Coca-Cola leads the food and beverage sector (4.0), followed by PepsiCo                        Interface                                                        3.6

         perceptions of                        (3.7), Starbucks (3.7), Kraft (3.6), and Campbell’s (3.6). Like the food and
                                               beverage industry, scores in the household and personal/beauty sector
                                                                                                                                            Campbell’s                                                      3.6
                                               fall within a fairly tight range, led by Proctor & Gamble (4.0), SC Johnson                Estée Lauder                                                      3.6
       the food, beauty,                       (3.9), Unilever (3.9) and L’Oréal (3.8), followed by Esteé Lauder (3.6),                           Avon                                                     3.6
                                               Avon (3.6) and Reckitt Benckiser (3.5).
        pharmaceutical                                                                                                                           Merck                                                     3.5
                                               Variable ratings within industry sectors are found within pharmaceuticals               Brown-Forman                                                      3.5
         and chemicals                         and chemicals, with ratings of Pfizer (3.8) outperforming Merck (3.5),
                                                                                                                                                Diageo                                                   3.5
                                               and Dupont (3.7) besting Dow (3.4), the lowest rated among the 29
             industries.                       companies measured across all six markets.                                           Reckitt Benckiser                                                  3.5
                                                                                                                                                 Shaw                                                 3.5
                                                                                                                                                  Dow                                              3.4

                                                                                                                              Note: 1=very behind, 3=somewhere in the middle, 5=strong leader                       Mean = 3.7
                                                                                                                              Average score shown
                                                                                                                              *Walmart rating includes ASDA (UK) and Bharti (India)
                                                                                                                              Question 4: How would you rate each of the following companies’ environmental and social leadership in their industry?


                                                                                                                               Mobility               Household and            Food and Beverage           Retail                          Flooring
                                                                                                                                                      Beauty / Personal
                                                                                                                               Technology             Pharmaceutical           Chemical                    Gas / Petrol                    Alcohol Beverages
                                                                                                                                                      and Healthcare


12    RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                                               ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility         13
Most Important Issues
                                                                                                                                                                                               All 6 Markets
                                                                                                                                Most Important Issues
                                                                                                                                                    Safe drinking water                                                                                                  92%
                                                                                                                                                            HealthcareDeveloped Countries                                   Developing Countries                   87%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              90%
                                                                                                                                   Fair wages and safe working drinking water
                                                                                                                                                         Safe conditions                                                                                           87%         93%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    83%
                                                                                                                                                                  Health care


                        THINK
                                                                                                                                           Jobs and economic opportunity                                                                                           86%        92%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         87%
                                                                                                                                        Fair wages and safeWaste reduction
                                                                                                                                                            working conditions                                                                                     86%   87%
   Most Important Issues                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                85%
                                                                                                                                                    Jobs and economic opportunity
                                                                                                                                                                   Education                                                                                       86%87%
                                                           All 6 Markets
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        84%
                                 Safe drinking water                                                        92%                                            Waste reduction
                                                                                                                                                Ingredient transparency                                                                                            86%88%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    82%
                                            Healthcare                                                   87%                                                     Education
                                                                                                                               Renewable and alternative energy sources                                                                                            85%    90%


    Most Important Issues
         Fair wages and safe working conditions                                                          87%                                            Ingredient transparency
                                                                                                                                                               Human rights
                                                                                                                                  Renewable and alternative energy sources
                                                                                                                          Conservation of wildlife and environmental habitats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   84%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 84% 88%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   81%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          90%
                   Jobs and economic opportunity                                                        86%                                                                                                                                                    82%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   81%
                                   Waste reduction asked about the social and environmental issues that are very or
                                               When                                                        86%                                        Equal rights Human rights
                                                                                                                                                                   / Diversity                                                                                 82%       87%

                                               extremely important for companies to address as part of their products,       Conservation of wildlife and environmental habitats                                                                                80%
                                          Education                                                        86%                               Protecting wildlife and habitat                                                                                  81% 84%
                                               services or operations, there’s universal agreement on the top priority:                                                                                                                                          79%
                           Ingredient transparency                                                         86%
                                               safe drinking water. This is true in every country surveyed, with 93%                      ResearchingEqual rights / Diversity
                                                                                                                                                          cures for diseases                                                                                  81%       85%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               78%
     Renewable and alternative energy sources  of respondents in developing markets and 90% of those in developed
                                                                                                          85%                                         Protecting wildlife and habitat
                                                                                                                                                                          Hunger                                                                             79% 83%
                                               markets saying so.                                                                                                                                                                                                79%
                                      Human rights                                                        84%                                   Researching cures for diseases
                                                                                                                                           Global warming / Climate change                                                                                   79%   82%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 79%
                                               Water safety is closely followed by healthcare (87%), fair wages and
Conservation of wildlife and environmental habitats                                                     82%                                                              Hunger
                                                                                                                                          Cruelty to animals / Animal welfare                                                                              76%   79%
                                               safe working conditions (87%), jobs and economic opportunity (86%),                                Global warming / Climate Change                                                                          71%
                                                                                                                                                                Disaster relief                                                                        73%               86%
                             Equal rights / Diversity reduction (86%) and education (86%). There is a82%amount of
                                               waste                                                     fair
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             78%
                                               consistency across countries around these issues as the top priorities.
                    Protecting wildlife and habitat                                                     81%                                    Cruelty to animals development
                                                                                                                                                     Community / Animal welfare                                                                        73%73%
                                               Healthcare is number two in line in developing countries, while in                                                   Disaster relief                                                                   66%
                                                                                                                                                                      Poverty                                                                          73%         80%
                 Researching cures for diseases                                                         81%
                                               developed countries this is edged out by fair wages and safe
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     65%
                                               working conditions.
                                             Hunger                                                    79%                                                   Community development                                                                                 81%
                                                                                                                             Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important
                                                                                                                                                                         Poverty                                                                           71%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             74%
                Global warming / Climate change                                                   79%
                                           The lowest priority for each country differs considerably, however. In            % who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                              the United States, climate change and community development are at             Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following?
               Cruelty to animals / Animal welfare                                                  76%                         Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important
                                              the bottom of the list (65% rated these as very or extremely important).
                                     Disaster Germany also places community development last73% (67%), though
                                               relief                                                                           % who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                                                                                   in line                      Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following?
                         Community developmentclimate change ranks higher there than in the US (81% vs. 65%). For the
                                                                                                  73%
                                              United Kingdom, disaster relief ranks last (56%). For India, it is animal
                                          Poverty (77%) and for China it is poverty (61%). 73%                                  Most Important Issues                                                    Most Important Issues
                                              welfare                                                                                                   Developed Countries                                                         Developing Countries
                                                                                                                                  Safe drinking water                                     90%               Safe drinking water                                     93%
   Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important
   % who chose 4 or 5 shown                                                                                                       Fair wages and safe                                                                Healthcare                                    92%
                                                                                                                                                                                    87%
                                                    	Safe drinking water is consumers’
                                                                                                                                   working conditions
   Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following?                                            Jobs and economic                                                             Renewable and
                                                                                                                                                                               85%                                                                           90%
                                                                                                                                       opportunity                                                             alternative energy

                                                     top priority.                                                                    Waste reduction
                                                                                                                                           Ingredient
                                                                                                                                                                              84%                                     Education
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Ingredient
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       88%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             90%

                                                                                                                                                                            84%                                    transparency
                                                                                                                                         transparency
                                                                                                                                Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important                      Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important
                                                                                                                                % who chose 4 or 5 shown                                                 % who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                                                                                                                Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve             Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve
                                                                                                                                each of the following?                                                   each of the following?




    14   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                                                ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility            15
The Source of Trust
                                                                                                                                                                                            All 6 Markets
                                                                                                                                    Certification seals or labels on product packaging                                          40%
                                                                                                                                                                            Media reports                                31%
                                                                                                                               Consumer reviews, ratings, blogs or message boards                                      28%



                    THINK
                                                                                                                                                             Friends, family or coworkers                             27%
                                                                                                                                                     Government information or reports                              25%
                                                                                                                           Awards and recognition by independent, third-party sources                               25%
                                                                                                                                               Statements made on product packaging                               22%
                                                                                                                                             Endorsements by organizations you trust                             22%

The Source of Trust                                                                                                            Corporate social responsibility or sustainability reports
                                                                                                                                      Social media like Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn
                                                                                                                                                                                                           15%
                                                                                                                                                                                                          13%
                                                                                                                                                                  Company advertisements                 11%
                                              Consumers across all six markets look to certification seals or labels on
                                              product packaging (40%) as the most trusted source of information about                                              Films or documentaries               11%
                                              whether a product is environmentally and socially responsible, followed              Company website or a company’s Facebook page                      7%
                                              by media reports (31%), consumer reviews and ratings (28%), friends,                No way of knowing who to trust for this information              5%
                                              family or coworkers (27%) and government information and reports
                                              (27%). Certifications are ranked highest by consumers in developed                          Church, temple or other spiritual community             3%
                                              countries (43%), while those in developing markets list media reports                                                     None of the above       1%
                                              (37%) as their most trusted source.
                                                                                                                           Note: Among respondents' top 3 choices
  The most trusted                            Consumers in developing markets are four times as likely to trust “social
                                                                                                                           Question 9: Which of the following sources do you trust to inform you about whether a product
                                                                                                                           is environmentally and socially responsible?
         sources are                          media like Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn” as consumers in developed
                                              markets (22% to 5% respectively). Similarly, consumers in developing
 certification seals,                         markets are twice as likely to trust “CSR Reports” than their counterparts
                                              in developed markets (20% to 9%). By contrast, consumers in developed
                                              markets are twice as likely to turn to “endorsements by organizations you          The Source of Trust (Differences Between Developed and Developing Countries)
 media reports and                            trust” (29% to 15%).                                                                                           Developed Countries         Developing Countries
 consumer reviews.                            Least trusted? Traditional company communications. Barely one in
                                              ten consumers rely on company advertisements or website content,                                                                     29%
                                                                                                                                          Endorsements by
                                              reinforcing the perception that the most reliable claims often come from                  organizations you trust             15%
                                              sources largely beyond a company’s control. Surprisingly, only 5%
                                              of consumers say they have “no way of knowing who to trust for this
                                              information,” signaling confidence in their ability to access information                                                  9%
                                                                                                                                     Corporate social responsibility
                                              about products.                                                                           or sustainability reports              20%


                                                                                                                                                                       5%
                                                                                                                                     Social media like Facebook,
                                                                                                                                          Twitter or LinkedIn                  22%


                                                                                                                                     Note: Among respondents' top 3 choices
                                                                                                                                     Question 9: Which of the following sources do you trust to inform you about
                                                                                                                                     whether a product is environmentally and socially responsible?



16   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                              ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   17
Priorities, Preferences
define   and Behaviors
define
                                                                                                                              Motivations for Switching Brands
                                                                                                                                              All 6 Markets         Developed Countries                  Developing Countries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       56%
                                                                                                                                 Product performance / Quality                                                   49%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              64%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      54%


Motivations for Switching Brands
                                                                                                                                                           Price                                             45%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              64%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                49%
                                                                                                                                           Value for the money                                       37%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             62%

                                                                                                                                                                                            27%
                                              The consumer trial trifecta of quality, price and value holds true across all                               Brand                     17%
                                                                                                                                                                                                     37%
                                              six markets and in both developed and developing markets, where half or
                                                                                                                                                                                          23%
                                              more say these attributes are among the top factors influencing them                    Health and product safety               12%
                                                                                                                                                                                                  34%
                                              “to try something different from their usual brand.”
                                                                                                                                                                                      22%
                                                                                                                                        Promotions / Discounts                      18%
                                                                                                                                                                                        25%
                                              Yet this initial similarity across markets masks more fundamental
                                              differences about what consumers value in making purchase decisions.                                                                  19%
                                                                                                                                Convenience / Easy to get, use                13%
                                                                                                                                                                                          24%
                                              Consumers in developed markets are more likely than their peers in
                                              developing markets to see price (64% to 45%), value for the money                                                                15%
                                                                                                                                       Innovation/New features                13%
                                                                                                                                                                                16%
                                              (62% to 37%), promotions/discounts (25% to 18%) and convenience
                                              (24% to 13%) as factors driving trial of new products, while consumers in                                                    10%
                                                                                                                                         Fits my identity / Style         8%
                                              developing markets are more likely to seek product performance/quality                                                        11%
                                              (64% to 49%), brand (37% to 17%) and product health and safety                                                             8%
                                              (34% to 12%).                                                                     Environmental impact / benefit           8%
                                                                                                                                                                         8%
                                                                                                                                                                         8%
                                              Consumers are least likely to name “origin – where it comes from” (5%)          Appearance/Makes me look good              7%
                                                                                                                                                                         8%
                                              and “supports causes I believe in / has a positive social impact” (4%) as                                                5%
                                              motivations for switching brands.                                                   Origin – where it comes from          5%
                                                                                                                                                                       4%

                                                                                                                                 Supports causes I believe in /        4%
                                                                                                                                                                        5%
                                                                                                                                  Has positive social impact          3%

                                                                                                                              Note: Among respondents' top 3 choices
                                               	Consumers decide whether to try                                               Question 2: When you make or influence purchase decisions, which of the following factors would you
                                                                                                                              say most influence you to try something different from your usual brand?

                                                new products and services based
                                                on perceptions around quality, value,
                                                brand and safety.



20   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                                    ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   21
define
                                                                                                                            Sustainable Consumption
                                                                                                                                             All 6 Markets            Developed Countries            Developing Countries
                                                                                                                               As a society, I believe we need to                                                        66%
                                                                                                                               consume a lot less to improve the                                                 57%
                                                                                                                              environment for future generations                                                                  76%

Sustainable Consumption                                                                                                     I believe that I have responsibility to
                                                                                                                            purchase products that are good for
                                                                                                                                  the environment and society
                                                                                                                                                                                                          49%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        65%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       82%
                                                                                                                                  I often encourage others to buy                                           52%
                                              The very concept of “sustainable consumption” holds an inherent tension            from companies that are socially                           34%
                                              driven by impacts from each product’s development, dissemination, use              and environmentally responsible                                                            70%
                                              and disposal on one hand, and market pressure for ever increasing sales         Made, repaired or reused products
                                              volume and scale on the other. Will buying greater numbers of more                                                                                    45%
                                                                                                                             (e.g., clothing, etc.) rather than buy                              39%
                                              sustainable products make a difference, or is the solution fundamentally                      them new*                                                 50%
                                              about buying less? It’s a conundrum experienced by many consumers                 In tough economic times, I am
                                              who aspire to practice more responsible purchasing behavior, and the                                                                                  43%
                                                                                                                            willing to pay more for products with                     26%
                                              dynamic plays out differently in established markets relative to those          social and environmental benefits                                                     60%
         A majority of                        in emerging countries where consumers are entering the modern
                                              marketplace for the first time.                                                  Avoided a product because of its                                37%
                                                                                                                                                                                   22%
  consumers across                            A majority of respondents across all six markets say that “as a society,
                                                                                                                               environmental or social damage*                                              52%

                                                                                                                                                                                              36%
  all six markets say                         we need to consume a lot less to improve the environment for future
                                              generations,” including 66% overall, 76% in developing markets and 57%
                                                                                                                            Purchased a product because of its
                                                                                                                             environmental or social benefits*
                                                                                                                                                                                   22%
                                                                                                                                                                                                            51%
                                              in developed markets saying this describes or completely describes them.
     “as a society, we                                                                                                       Shared or borrowed products (e.g.,
                                                                                                                              gear, equipment, cars) to reduce
                                                                                                                                                                                         31%
                                                                                                                                                                                       27%
                                              Yet respondents in developing markets are significantly more likely
 need to consume a                            to feel a sense of “responsibility to purchase products that are good
                                                                                                                               the need to buy new products*                               35%

                                              for the environment and society,” compared to those in developed
  lot less to improve                         markets (82% to 49%, respectively). Similarly, six in ten consumers in
                                                                                                                            Note: 1=does not describe me at all, 5=completely describes me,% who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                                                                                                            Question 7; Thinking about things that are important to you, and those that are less important,
                                              developing markets are “willing to pay more for products with social and
the environment for                           environmental benefits,” compared to the one-fourth of consumers in
                                                                                                                            how well does each of the following phrases describe you?
                                                                                                                            1=never done, 5=do it all the time, % who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                              developed markets willing to do so (60% to 26%, respectively).
future generations.”                                                                                                        *Question 8: Please indicate how often you have done each of the following in the past year.
                                              Interestingly, the study illuminates emerging trends toward alternatives to
                                              consumption, including “making, repairing or reusing products rather than
                                              buying them new,” with 45% of respondents globally, 50% in developing
                                              markets and 39% in developed markets saying they do this most or all of
                                              the time.

                                              The data suggest that trends toward sustainable consumption are likely
                                              to be influenced by consumers in emerging markets, with the opportunity
                                              to leapfrog barriers and challenges that have been experienced in more
                                              developed markets.


22   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                               ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   23
define                                                                                                Sustainable Behaviors
                                                                                                                                          All 6 Markets             Developed Countries              Developing Countries

Sustainable Behaviors                                                                                                             Recycled materials that can
                                                                                                                                          be recycled                                                           55%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   61%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     66%

                                                                                                                              Used my own reusable shopping                                                         61%
                                              The two most common sustainable behaviors among all consumers                   bags, rather than accepting bags                                                       62%
                                              surveyed are recycling and using reusable shopping bags. Six in ten                 from the store or market                                                         59%
                                              consumers (61%) say they “recycle materials that can be recycled” and
                                                                                                                            Bought products whose contents                                                      58%
                                              “use my own reusable shopping bags rather than accepting bags from the                                                                                          53%
                                                                                                                            and/or packaging can be recycled                                                      63%
                                              store or market” on a regular basis, followed by buying “products whose
                                              contents and/or packaging can be recycled” (58%), and “checking the list                                                                                           57%
                                                                                                                                 Checked the list of ingredients
                                              of ingredients before purchasing” (57%).                                                                                                                    49%
                                                                                                                                      before purchasing                                                                 65%
                                              Consumers in developing markets are more likely to adopt sustainable         Bought cleaning and other products                                          48%
                                              behaviors than their counterparts in developed markets, including             in concentrated forms that reduce                                       42%
                                                                                                                                         packaging                                                              55%
                                              checking the list of product ingredients (65% vs. 49%), green commuting,
                                              where they are more than 50 percent more likely to say they commute by          Commuted by biking, walking,                                             45%
                                              bike, foot, public transit or carpool than drive alone (53% vs. 37%), and   carpooling or public transit instead of                               37%
                                                                                                                                                                                                              53%
                                              seeking products in concentrated forms that reduce product packaging        driving a car or motorbike that I own
                                              (55% vs. 42%).                                                                            Composted yard and                                      38%
                                                                                                                                                                                                  41%
                                                                                                                                         household waste                                      35%
                                              The least common behavior overall and in both emerging and established
                                              markets is composting, with only 38% of all respondents doing so on a       Note: 1=never done, 5=do it all the time
                                              regular basis.                                                              % who chose 4 or 5 shown
                                                                                                                          Question 8: Please indicate how often you have done each of the following in the past year.


                                               	Consumers in developed markets
                                                are most likely to recycle, while those
                                                in developing markets are checking
                                                the list of product ingredients
                                                before buying.


24   RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability                                                                                                         ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility   25
Regeneration Roadmap: Rethinking Consumption
Regeneration Roadmap: Rethinking Consumption
Regeneration Roadmap: Rethinking Consumption
Regeneration Roadmap: Rethinking Consumption
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Regeneration Roadmap: Rethinking Consumption
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Regeneration Roadmap: Rethinking Consumption

  • 1. Consumers and the Future of Sustainability SUSTAINABILITYLOGOTYPE FOR PRINT ONLY
  • 2. Contents 4 INTRODUCTION About This Study Developed by BBMG, GlobeScan and SustainAbility, The Regeneration Consumer Study is an online survey of consumer attitudes, motivations and behaviors around sustainable consumption among 6,224 respondents in six major international markets (Brazil, China, Germany, THINK define India, United Kingdom and United States). Fielded in September and Responsibility, Leadership and Trust Priorities, Preferences and Behaviors October 2012, the study represents a holistic exploration of sustainability market trends, priorities and engagement pathways, including information 10 Responsibility for Leadership 20 Motivations for Switching Brands on sustainable consumption, trust, transparency, social issues, behavior 12 Corporate Leaders and Laggards 22 Sustainable Consumption change, consumer collaboration, participation and advocacy actions. 14 Most Important Issues 24 Sustainable Behaviors 16 The Source of Trust 26 Barriers and Levers to Sustainable The overarching goal of the study is to bring the consumer voice into Purchasing the sustainability conversation and help articulate specific decisions and actions that companies can take to accelerate and grow a more sustainable economy. Specifically, the study seeks to: • Uncover consumer motivations that drive their interest in living sustainable lives – and provide opportunities for companies to create products and services with beneficial economic, social and environmental impact; • Provide insights and implications that help companies make the business case for sustainability and advance the creation and NEW ENGAGE deployment of more sustainable products, policies and practices; and Happiness, Collaboration Consumer Segments from • Better understand how companies can engage consumers in creating a and Participation Advocates to Indifferents sustainable economy and future. 30 The Dynamics of Happiness 40 Advocates 32 Collaboration and Participation 42 Aspirationals The study is part of The Regeneration Roadmap, a collaborative and 34 Individualism and Shared 44 Practicals multi-faceted thought leadership initiative designed to engage the private Responsibility 46 Indifferents sector in advancing and achieving sustainable development by improving sustainability strategy, increasing credibility and delivering results at greater speed and scale. 48 IMPLICATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACTION We thank Presenting Sponsors BMW Group and SC Johnson, and Sponsors Cisco, DuPont, Interface and Pfizer for their support of the Regeneration Roadmap as well as Brown-Forman, Campbell’s, Itau, 52 METHODOLOGY, CREDITS, and SPONSORS L’Oréal, Shell and Starbucks for their direct support of the Regeneration Consumer Study. 2 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 3
  • 3. Introduction Twenty years after the first Rio Earth Summit, the global economy and natural environment face unprecedented stresses as scarce resources are stretched to meet growing needs. Economists brace for “peak everything” and “the end of growth” while citizens around the world question ways of doing business that prioritize short-term, transactional, profit-only thinking over long-term, transparent and trusted relationships that drive shared value. Consumers are Global challenges persist from climate change and safe drinking water to jobs, health and education, while demographers expect profound social Re:THINKING consumption, and environmental impacts as two billion more people will live on the planet by 2050. Re:DEFINING success and Amidst all this, new research with over 6,000 consumers across six countries provides evidence that a new marketplace is rising. That attitudes and behaviors are shifting. That opportunities for collaboration Re:IMAGINING the future of a are expanding. And that a new cadre of enterprising brands is seizing the moment to innovate smarter, safer, cleaner and greener solutions. more sustainable economy. As mission-driven brands focus on taking sustainability to scale and the largest corporations leverage their capabilities to advance sustainability, the role of consumers has never been more important — not as passive targets of the latest marketing promotion, but as the greatest potential force for value generation and change. While significant barriers to more sustainable consumption remain – from perceptions of product performance, to high prices, skepticism about product claims and a lack of knowledge about what makes a product socially or environmentally responsible – there are pathways to progress. Like never before, consumers are uniting deeply held principles with everyday pragmatism, demonstrating a sense of purpose with more active participation to help create solutions that can improve their own lives while creating a more sustainable economy that can benefit all. 4 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 5
  • 4. Summary of Key Findings • Rethinking Consumption: Consuming Less. Consuming Better. • The Dynamics of Happiness: Balancing Relationships, Time and Passions with Nearly two-thirds of respondents across six markets (66%) say that “as Income and Material Possessions. While consumers across all markets overwhelmingly a society, we need to consume a lot less to improve the environment for say “friends and family are the most important thing in life” (85%), consumers in developing future generations,” and 65% say they feel “a sense of responsibility to markets are more than twice as likely as those in developed markets to prioritize “time with purchase products that are good for the environment and society.” people and projects I care about” over income (62% to 28%, respectively). Conversely, consumers in developing markets are also more than twice as likely to say “having a lot of • New Demands and Opportunities in Emerging Markets. Consumers material possessions is important to my happiness,” (49% to 23%, respectively). in developing markets (Brazil, China, India) are more than twice as likely as their counterparts in developed markets (Germany, United • Consumer Segmentation: From Advocates to Indifferents. Advanced statistical Kingdom, United States) to report that they purchase products because modeling reveals four consumer segments on the sustainability spectrum, from highly of environmental and social benefits (51% to 22%), are willing to pay committed Advocates (14%) to style and social status-seeking Aspirationals (37%), to price more for sustainable products (60% to 26%) and encourage others to and performance-minded Practicals (34%) and less engaged Indifferents (16%), providing buy from companies that are socially and environmentally responsible a rich understanding of consumer values, motivations and behaviors as well as insights and (70% to 34%). opportunities for engagement and action. • Perceptions of Price, Performance and Credibility Critical to • Aspirationals Offer Key to Sustainable Consumption. Importantly, the largest consumer Driving Sustainable Consumption. A majority of consumers globally segment, the Aspirationals, is seeking both sustainability and consumption. They are agree or strongly agree that they would “purchase more products that looking for brands to provide solutions that both improve their lives and serve the larger are environmentally and socially responsible” if they “performed as well society. And, because they are trendsetters in emerging markets like China and India, as, or better than, products they usually buy” (75%), “it didn’t cost more” we believe business has the opportunity to shape a new consumerism by meeting their (70%), and “companies’ health and environmental claims were more aspirations and desires with more sustainable products and lifestyle choices. believable” (64%). • Implications and Opportunities for Action. Finally, building on our consumer • Sharing Responsibility for a Shared Future. Three in four segmentation analysis, the concluding section of the study explores the tension between respondents globally say that government (76%), businesses (74%) material possessions and social and environmental progress – a dynamic that we believe and consumers (74%) should be very or extremely responsible provides the greatest opportunity for companies to advance sustainable consumption for “working to improve the environment and society for future and create positive social impact through their practices. We outline five implications and generations,” with two-thirds of respondents globally (65%) saying they action steps to advance a more sustainable economy, including opportunities for product personally “feel a sense of responsibility to society.” innovation, transparent communication, social networking and consumer collaboration. • Requiring Action: Top Issues for Companies to Address Include Water, Health, Fairness and Jobs. Nine in 10 consumers globally (92%) say it is very or extremely important for companies to address “safe drinking water” as part of their products, services or operations, followed by health care (87%), fair wages and safe working conditions (87%), jobs and economic opportunity (86%) and waste reduction (86%). • Collaboration and Participation: Being Part of the Solution. Two-thirds of consumers globally (67%) are “interested in sharing their ideas, opinions and experiences with companies to help them develop better products or create new solutions,” while seven in ten consumers globally (72%) “believe in voting and advocating for issues important to me.” 6 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 7
  • 5. Responsibility, THINK Leadership and Trust
  • 6. THINK Sector Responsibility All 6 Markets Developed Countries Developing Countries Responsibility for Leadership Government 76% 72% 79% No one sector owns the responsibility for working to improve the 74% environment and society for future generations. Three in four consumers Businesses 74% see this as a shared obligation among government, the private sector and 75% consumers. 74% Each sector’s role, though, is different. For governments, it’s largely Consumers 71% focused on policies designed to limit negative impacts while encouraging 77% socially and environmentally responsible development. 69% In the private sector, it’s about setting and achieving goals that make Non-Profit Organizations 64% both products and operations better for people and the planet. And many 75% consumers see themselves and other individuals as part of this equation through the purchase of environmentally friendly and ethical products and Charities and 64% by taking actions that reduce their own environmental impact. 58% Philanthropists 70% Many see important supporting roles for other organizations as well – NGOs and non-profits that create specific programs addressing 53% environmental protection; charities and philanthropies that fund Religious Organizations 42% 64% such programs and initiatives; and the faith community, by sharing information and encouraging responsible actions and beliefs among their Note: 1=not responsible at all, 5=extremely responsible congregations. % who chose 4 or 5 shown Question 12: How responsible should each of the following groups be in working to help improve the environment and society for future generations? All sectors share responsibility for building a sustainable future. 10 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 11
  • 7. Brand Leaders and Laggards (All 6 Markets) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Leader Google 4.2 Apple 4.1 BMW 4.0 THINK Procter & Gamble (P&G) 4.0 Coca-Cola 4.0 Volkswagen 3.9 Walmart* 3.9 Facebook 3.9 Corporate Leaders and Laggards HP SC Johnson 3.9 3.9 How do consumers rate the environmental and social leadership of Unilever 3.9 companies within their respective sectors? From an industry perspective, L’Oréal 3.8 some may have a more positive halo than others: technology, automotive Pfizer 3.8 and retail companies are all rated above the average. Those in alcohol beverages, gas/petrol and flooring fall below average. In the remaining DuPont 3.7 Consumers see sectors, consumer rankings of companies are as likely to be above the average as below. Pepsico 3.7 leadership in the All five technology companies included in the study garner scores at or Cisco Starbucks 3.7 3.7 technology sector above the overall average, led by Google (average score = 4.2), and closely followed by Apple (4.1). Kraft 3.6 Shell 3.6 and have mixed Coca-Cola leads the food and beverage sector (4.0), followed by PepsiCo Interface 3.6 perceptions of (3.7), Starbucks (3.7), Kraft (3.6), and Campbell’s (3.6). Like the food and beverage industry, scores in the household and personal/beauty sector Campbell’s 3.6 fall within a fairly tight range, led by Proctor & Gamble (4.0), SC Johnson Estée Lauder 3.6 the food, beauty, (3.9), Unilever (3.9) and L’Oréal (3.8), followed by Esteé Lauder (3.6), Avon 3.6 Avon (3.6) and Reckitt Benckiser (3.5). pharmaceutical Merck 3.5 Variable ratings within industry sectors are found within pharmaceuticals Brown-Forman 3.5 and chemicals and chemicals, with ratings of Pfizer (3.8) outperforming Merck (3.5), Diageo 3.5 and Dupont (3.7) besting Dow (3.4), the lowest rated among the 29 industries. companies measured across all six markets. Reckitt Benckiser 3.5 Shaw 3.5 Dow 3.4 Note: 1=very behind, 3=somewhere in the middle, 5=strong leader Mean = 3.7 Average score shown *Walmart rating includes ASDA (UK) and Bharti (India) Question 4: How would you rate each of the following companies’ environmental and social leadership in their industry? Mobility Household and Food and Beverage Retail Flooring Beauty / Personal Technology Pharmaceutical Chemical Gas / Petrol Alcohol Beverages and Healthcare 12 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 13
  • 8. Most Important Issues All 6 Markets Most Important Issues Safe drinking water 92% HealthcareDeveloped Countries Developing Countries 87% 90% Fair wages and safe working drinking water Safe conditions 87% 93% 83% Health care THINK Jobs and economic opportunity 86% 92% 87% Fair wages and safeWaste reduction working conditions 86% 87% Most Important Issues 85% Jobs and economic opportunity Education 86%87% All 6 Markets 84% Safe drinking water 92% Waste reduction Ingredient transparency 86%88% 82% Healthcare 87% Education Renewable and alternative energy sources 85% 90% Most Important Issues Fair wages and safe working conditions 87% Ingredient transparency Human rights Renewable and alternative energy sources Conservation of wildlife and environmental habitats 84% 84% 88% 81% 90% Jobs and economic opportunity 86% 82% 81% Waste reduction asked about the social and environmental issues that are very or When 86% Equal rights Human rights / Diversity 82% 87% extremely important for companies to address as part of their products, Conservation of wildlife and environmental habitats 80% Education 86% Protecting wildlife and habitat 81% 84% services or operations, there’s universal agreement on the top priority: 79% Ingredient transparency 86% safe drinking water. This is true in every country surveyed, with 93% ResearchingEqual rights / Diversity cures for diseases 81% 85% 78% Renewable and alternative energy sources of respondents in developing markets and 90% of those in developed 85% Protecting wildlife and habitat Hunger 79% 83% markets saying so. 79% Human rights 84% Researching cures for diseases Global warming / Climate change 79% 82% 79% Water safety is closely followed by healthcare (87%), fair wages and Conservation of wildlife and environmental habitats 82% Hunger Cruelty to animals / Animal welfare 76% 79% safe working conditions (87%), jobs and economic opportunity (86%), Global warming / Climate Change 71% Disaster relief 73% 86% Equal rights / Diversity reduction (86%) and education (86%). There is a82%amount of waste fair 78% consistency across countries around these issues as the top priorities. Protecting wildlife and habitat 81% Cruelty to animals development Community / Animal welfare 73%73% Healthcare is number two in line in developing countries, while in Disaster relief 66% Poverty 73% 80% Researching cures for diseases 81% developed countries this is edged out by fair wages and safe 65% working conditions. Hunger 79% Community development 81% Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important Poverty 71% 74% Global warming / Climate change 79% The lowest priority for each country differs considerably, however. In % who chose 4 or 5 shown the United States, climate change and community development are at Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following? Cruelty to animals / Animal welfare 76% Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important the bottom of the list (65% rated these as very or extremely important). Disaster Germany also places community development last73% (67%), though relief % who chose 4 or 5 shown in line Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following? Community developmentclimate change ranks higher there than in the US (81% vs. 65%). For the 73% United Kingdom, disaster relief ranks last (56%). For India, it is animal Poverty (77%) and for China it is poverty (61%). 73% Most Important Issues Most Important Issues welfare Developed Countries Developing Countries Safe drinking water 90% Safe drinking water 93% Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important % who chose 4 or 5 shown Fair wages and safe Healthcare 92% 87% Safe drinking water is consumers’ working conditions Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following? Jobs and economic Renewable and 85% 90% opportunity alternative energy top priority. Waste reduction Ingredient 84% Education Ingredient 88% 90% 84% transparency transparency Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important Note: 1=not at all important, 5=extremely important % who chose 4 or 5 shown % who chose 4 or 5 shown Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve Question 13: How important is it for companies to help solve each of the following? each of the following? 14 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 15
  • 9. The Source of Trust All 6 Markets Certification seals or labels on product packaging 40% Media reports 31% Consumer reviews, ratings, blogs or message boards 28% THINK Friends, family or coworkers 27% Government information or reports 25% Awards and recognition by independent, third-party sources 25% Statements made on product packaging 22% Endorsements by organizations you trust 22% The Source of Trust Corporate social responsibility or sustainability reports Social media like Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn 15% 13% Company advertisements 11% Consumers across all six markets look to certification seals or labels on product packaging (40%) as the most trusted source of information about Films or documentaries 11% whether a product is environmentally and socially responsible, followed Company website or a company’s Facebook page 7% by media reports (31%), consumer reviews and ratings (28%), friends, No way of knowing who to trust for this information 5% family or coworkers (27%) and government information and reports (27%). Certifications are ranked highest by consumers in developed Church, temple or other spiritual community 3% countries (43%), while those in developing markets list media reports None of the above 1% (37%) as their most trusted source. Note: Among respondents' top 3 choices The most trusted Consumers in developing markets are four times as likely to trust “social Question 9: Which of the following sources do you trust to inform you about whether a product is environmentally and socially responsible? sources are media like Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn” as consumers in developed markets (22% to 5% respectively). Similarly, consumers in developing certification seals, markets are twice as likely to trust “CSR Reports” than their counterparts in developed markets (20% to 9%). By contrast, consumers in developed markets are twice as likely to turn to “endorsements by organizations you The Source of Trust (Differences Between Developed and Developing Countries) media reports and trust” (29% to 15%). Developed Countries Developing Countries consumer reviews. Least trusted? Traditional company communications. Barely one in ten consumers rely on company advertisements or website content, 29% Endorsements by reinforcing the perception that the most reliable claims often come from organizations you trust 15% sources largely beyond a company’s control. Surprisingly, only 5% of consumers say they have “no way of knowing who to trust for this information,” signaling confidence in their ability to access information 9% Corporate social responsibility about products. or sustainability reports 20% 5% Social media like Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn 22% Note: Among respondents' top 3 choices Question 9: Which of the following sources do you trust to inform you about whether a product is environmentally and socially responsible? 16 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 17
  • 11. define Motivations for Switching Brands All 6 Markets Developed Countries Developing Countries 56% Product performance / Quality 49% 64% 54% Motivations for Switching Brands Price 45% 64% 49% Value for the money 37% 62% 27% The consumer trial trifecta of quality, price and value holds true across all Brand 17% 37% six markets and in both developed and developing markets, where half or 23% more say these attributes are among the top factors influencing them Health and product safety 12% 34% “to try something different from their usual brand.” 22% Promotions / Discounts 18% 25% Yet this initial similarity across markets masks more fundamental differences about what consumers value in making purchase decisions. 19% Convenience / Easy to get, use 13% 24% Consumers in developed markets are more likely than their peers in developing markets to see price (64% to 45%), value for the money 15% Innovation/New features 13% 16% (62% to 37%), promotions/discounts (25% to 18%) and convenience (24% to 13%) as factors driving trial of new products, while consumers in 10% Fits my identity / Style 8% developing markets are more likely to seek product performance/quality 11% (64% to 49%), brand (37% to 17%) and product health and safety 8% (34% to 12%). Environmental impact / benefit 8% 8% 8% Consumers are least likely to name “origin – where it comes from” (5%) Appearance/Makes me look good 7% 8% and “supports causes I believe in / has a positive social impact” (4%) as 5% motivations for switching brands. Origin – where it comes from 5% 4% Supports causes I believe in / 4% 5% Has positive social impact 3% Note: Among respondents' top 3 choices Consumers decide whether to try Question 2: When you make or influence purchase decisions, which of the following factors would you say most influence you to try something different from your usual brand? new products and services based on perceptions around quality, value, brand and safety. 20 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 21
  • 12. define Sustainable Consumption All 6 Markets Developed Countries Developing Countries As a society, I believe we need to 66% consume a lot less to improve the 57% environment for future generations 76% Sustainable Consumption I believe that I have responsibility to purchase products that are good for the environment and society 49% 65% 82% I often encourage others to buy 52% The very concept of “sustainable consumption” holds an inherent tension from companies that are socially 34% driven by impacts from each product’s development, dissemination, use and environmentally responsible 70% and disposal on one hand, and market pressure for ever increasing sales Made, repaired or reused products volume and scale on the other. Will buying greater numbers of more 45% (e.g., clothing, etc.) rather than buy 39% sustainable products make a difference, or is the solution fundamentally them new* 50% about buying less? It’s a conundrum experienced by many consumers In tough economic times, I am who aspire to practice more responsible purchasing behavior, and the 43% willing to pay more for products with 26% dynamic plays out differently in established markets relative to those social and environmental benefits 60% A majority of in emerging countries where consumers are entering the modern marketplace for the first time. Avoided a product because of its 37% 22% consumers across A majority of respondents across all six markets say that “as a society, environmental or social damage* 52% 36% all six markets say we need to consume a lot less to improve the environment for future generations,” including 66% overall, 76% in developing markets and 57% Purchased a product because of its environmental or social benefits* 22% 51% in developed markets saying this describes or completely describes them. “as a society, we Shared or borrowed products (e.g., gear, equipment, cars) to reduce 31% 27% Yet respondents in developing markets are significantly more likely need to consume a to feel a sense of “responsibility to purchase products that are good the need to buy new products* 35% for the environment and society,” compared to those in developed lot less to improve markets (82% to 49%, respectively). Similarly, six in ten consumers in Note: 1=does not describe me at all, 5=completely describes me,% who chose 4 or 5 shown Question 7; Thinking about things that are important to you, and those that are less important, developing markets are “willing to pay more for products with social and the environment for environmental benefits,” compared to the one-fourth of consumers in how well does each of the following phrases describe you? 1=never done, 5=do it all the time, % who chose 4 or 5 shown developed markets willing to do so (60% to 26%, respectively). future generations.” *Question 8: Please indicate how often you have done each of the following in the past year. Interestingly, the study illuminates emerging trends toward alternatives to consumption, including “making, repairing or reusing products rather than buying them new,” with 45% of respondents globally, 50% in developing markets and 39% in developed markets saying they do this most or all of the time. The data suggest that trends toward sustainable consumption are likely to be influenced by consumers in emerging markets, with the opportunity to leapfrog barriers and challenges that have been experienced in more developed markets. 22 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 23
  • 13. define Sustainable Behaviors All 6 Markets Developed Countries Developing Countries Sustainable Behaviors Recycled materials that can be recycled 55% 61% 66% Used my own reusable shopping 61% The two most common sustainable behaviors among all consumers bags, rather than accepting bags 62% surveyed are recycling and using reusable shopping bags. Six in ten from the store or market 59% consumers (61%) say they “recycle materials that can be recycled” and Bought products whose contents 58% “use my own reusable shopping bags rather than accepting bags from the 53% and/or packaging can be recycled 63% store or market” on a regular basis, followed by buying “products whose contents and/or packaging can be recycled” (58%), and “checking the list 57% Checked the list of ingredients of ingredients before purchasing” (57%). 49% before purchasing 65% Consumers in developing markets are more likely to adopt sustainable Bought cleaning and other products 48% behaviors than their counterparts in developed markets, including in concentrated forms that reduce 42% packaging 55% checking the list of product ingredients (65% vs. 49%), green commuting, where they are more than 50 percent more likely to say they commute by Commuted by biking, walking, 45% bike, foot, public transit or carpool than drive alone (53% vs. 37%), and carpooling or public transit instead of 37% 53% seeking products in concentrated forms that reduce product packaging driving a car or motorbike that I own (55% vs. 42%). Composted yard and 38% 41% household waste 35% The least common behavior overall and in both emerging and established markets is composting, with only 38% of all respondents doing so on a Note: 1=never done, 5=do it all the time regular basis. % who chose 4 or 5 shown Question 8: Please indicate how often you have done each of the following in the past year. Consumers in developed markets are most likely to recycle, while those in developing markets are checking the list of product ingredients before buying. 24 RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION Consumers and the Future of Sustainability ©2012 All rights reserved BBMG, GlobeScan, SustainAbility 25