Papaver somniferum is the opium poppy, an annual herb growing up to 100 cm tall. It has blue to purple flowers with four petals and many stamens. The fruit is a capsule that holds many small, white to black seeds. The plant contains latex with alkaloids like morphine and codeine that have central nervous system and analgesic effects in humans.

1. Papaver somniferum (opium
poppy )
(Papaveraceae)
Dr.Sujit Ghosh
J K College
Purulia

2. Whole plant Fruit

3. Leaves :leaves
are simple (i.e.,
lobed or unlobed
but not separated
into leaflets),alter
nate: there is one
leaf
per node along
the stem
Flowers blue to
purple, white,
there are four
petals, sepals,
or tepals in the
flower with
stamens 13 or
more
Fruit :-Capsule
subglabrous smooth with
a rounded base often
abruptly ending into a
very short stipe (1-2 mm
long); stigmatic disk
somewhat shorter than
the capsule breadth, with
deeply cut marginal
lobes and usually 8-12 (-
18) stigma rays, not quite
reaching the edges of the
lobes;
LATEX
Plant
body -is a
ANNUAL
flowering
herb
Stem:is
an annual herb
growing to about
100 cm (39 in) tall.
The plant is
strongly , giving a
greyish-green
appearance, and the
stem and leaves are
sparsely covered
with coarse hairs.
lobes;
Seeds:small,
white, dark-
grey to black.

4. Latex
Phenanthrene
Benzyl-
Isoquinaline
Morphine Codine Thebine Papaverine Noscapine

5. Effects of the Central
Nervous System (CNS)
Effects on the
Gastrointestinal Tract
and on Other Smooth
Muscle
Decrease Gastric, biliary
and pancreatic secretions
reduction in motility and
is associated with an
increase in tone in the
antrum of the stomach
and duodenum.
Pharmacological effects
Effects on the
Cardiovascular System
peripheral vasodilation
which may result in
orthostatic hypotension
and fainting
Endocrine System
inhibit the secretion of
ACTH, cortisol, and
luteinizing hormone (LH)
stimulate prolactin,
growth hormone (GH)
secretion, and pancreatic
secretion of insulin and
glucagons i
Immune System
have a variety of effects
on components of the
immune system in in vitro
and animal models.