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Network and distributed systems

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Sri Prasanna
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Lecture 3 – Networks and Distributed Systems CSE 490h – Introduction to Distributed Computing, Spring 2007 Except as otherwise noted, the content of this presentation is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License.
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fundamentals of Networking
Sockets: The Internet = tubes? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ports ,[object Object],[object Object]
Example: Web Server (1/3) The server creates a listener socket attached to a specific port. 80 is the agreed-upon port number for web traffic.
Example: Web Server (2/3) The client-side socket is still connected to a port, but the OS chooses a random unused port number When the client requests a URL (e.g., “www.google.com”), its OS uses a system called DNS to find its IP address.
Example: Web Server (3/3) Server chooses a randomly-numbered port to handle this particular client Listener is ready for more incoming connections, while we process the current connection in parallel
What makes this work? ,[object Object],[object Object],Even more low-level protocols handle how data is sent over Ethernet wires, or how bits are sent through the air using 802.11 wireless…
IP: The Internet Protocol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why is This Necessary? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Networking Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)
How RPC Doesn’t Work ,[object Object],Client: Server: HTTP/1.0 index.html GET 200 OK Length: 2400 (file data) HTTP/1.0 hello.gif GET 200 OK Length: 81494 …
Remote Procedure Call ,[object Object],Client: Server: foo.dll,bar(4, 10, “hello”) “ returned_string” foo.dll,baz(42) err: no such function …
Possible Interfaces ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Synchronous RPC
Asynchronous RPC
Asynchronous RPC 2: Callbacks
Wrapper Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
More Design Considerations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transaction Processing Systems (We’re using the blue cover sheets on the TPS reports now…)
TPS: Definition ,[object Object],[object Object],* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_Processing_System
Key Features of TPS: ACID ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Atomicity & Durability ,[object Object]
Logging: The Undo Buffer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Consistency: Data Types ,[object Object],[object Object]
Consistency: Foreign Keys ,[object Object],[object Object]
Isolation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Faulty Locking ,[object Object],[object Object]
Two-Phase Locking ,[object Object],[object Object]
Relationship to Distributed Comp ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Network and distributed systems

  • 1. Lecture 3 – Networks and Distributed Systems CSE 490h – Introduction to Distributed Computing, Spring 2007 Except as otherwise noted, the content of this presentation is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License.
  • 2.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Example: Web Server (1/3) The server creates a listener socket attached to a specific port. 80 is the agreed-upon port number for web traffic.
  • 7. Example: Web Server (2/3) The client-side socket is still connected to a port, but the OS chooses a random unused port number When the client requests a URL (e.g., “www.google.com”), its OS uses a system called DNS to find its IP address.
  • 8. Example: Web Server (3/3) Server chooses a randomly-numbered port to handle this particular client Listener is ready for more incoming connections, while we process the current connection in parallel
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 20. Asynchronous RPC 2: Callbacks
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. Transaction Processing Systems (We’re using the blue cover sheets on the TPS reports now…)
  • 24.
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Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Object marshalling: do you eagerly or lazily send pointed-to objects? (Eager can cut down on latency, but lazy saves bandwidth… 1 GB lists are too much to send. Maybe send out to a certain horizon of depth of object pointed-ness?) Error conditions: type errors / fn not found / version mismatches / network connectivity issues + Do you stop running RPC hosts? + Keep running and save results to a designated file? + If the client disconnects at some point after RPC host is finished, do we roll back our state changes?
  2. ASK: Can the lock of B can be pushed to after we write to table A? (Yes) Go over why this still maintains isolation