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ESTONIA


LATVIA




           LITHUANIA
Sisukord
Contents
Introduction ............................................... 4   Latvia
Baltic region in brief .................................. 6      1 . Higher education system .....................36
                                                                    1.1   Qualifications                                 37

Estonia                                                          2 . Organization of studies........................39
1 . Higher education................................. 12            2.1   Academic calendar                              39
   1.1    Academic higher education                        12       2.2   Admission procedure                            40
   1.2    Professional higher education                    14       2.3   Tuition fees                                   40
2 . Organization of studies........................ 15              2.4   Assessment and grading system                  42
   2.1    Academic calendar                                15
                                                                    2.5   Recognition of Foreign Degrees
   2.2    Admission procedures                             15             and Diplomas                                   43

   2.3    Tuition fees                                     18    3 . Scholarships/grants ...........................43

   2.4    Assessment and grading system                    19    4. Higher education institutions ............. 44

   2.5    Recognition                                     23     5 . Useful links ........................................48

3 . Scholarships/grants ...........................26
4. Higher education institutions ..............29

5 . Useful links ........................................32
Lithuania

1 . Higher education system .....................52

2 . Organisation of studies .......................54

   2.1   Academic calendar                              54

   2.2   Admission procedure                            54

   2.3   Tuition fees                                   56

   2.4   Forms of assesment and
         grading system                                 56

   2.5   Recognition                                    57

3 . Scholarships and grants......................57

   3.1   Lithuanian national scholarships               57

   3.2   Lifelong learning
         programme/Erasmus                              58

   3.3   Erasmus Mundus                                 59

4. Higher education institutions ..............60

5 . Useful links ........................................66
Dear reader,
The three Baltic countries Estonia, Latvia   The Baltic region has a long tradition
and Lithuania are rather small countries     of providing high-quality education. For
and not too many people know about           young people it is a vibrant and interna-
them. Thus, we are pretty sure we can        tional environment with the possibility to
surprise you in a really positive way. We    make use of the latest developments in
welcome all the eager students, who are      different study fields which makes the
interested in the degree programmes and      region an attractive place for living and
shorter courses, or would maybe like to      studying.
visit an enlightening summer school with
the combination of brilliant academics       Of course, a student’s life is more
and fabulous cultural programmes.            than just studying. Estonia, Latvia and
The Baltic higher education institutions     Lithuania being also EU Member States
participate actively in different European   offer good value for money with its
educational programmes, including            relatively low tuition and living costs for
the EU education and training flagship       recognised quality education. After the
programme Erasmus. There are several         classes young people can wander around
national and European support schemes        in the medieval streets of the towns,
available for international students.        attend a concert, enjoy a lively night-life




4
in modern clubs and bars or escape into    the shores of which we have been living
the riches of preserved nature – endless   for several thousand years. And yet, we
forests, picturesque lakes, long beaches   have many interesting things that differ
of white sand, tranquillity of country     from one country to the other.
roads.
                                         Come and see, and find out by yourselves!
We have a common history and much in We hope you find the information in this
common in culture, nature and mentality, brochure helpful. We hope you find your
and we share our common Baltic sea, at way to the Baltics!




Yours sincerely,

Rait Toompere,                Alberts Prikulis,            Daiva Šutinytė,
Director of Estonian          Director of Academic         Director of Education
Centre for Educational        Programme Agency,            Exchanges Support
Programmes                    Latvia                       Foundation, Lithuania
Foundation Archimedes




                                                                                   5
BALTIC REGION IN
BRIEF BALTIC REG
ION IN BRIEF BALTIC
REGION IN BRIEF B
BALTIC REGION IN
BRIEF BALTIC REGION
IN BRIEF BALTIC RE
GION IN BRIEF BALTIC
REGION IN BRIEF BAL
TIC REGION IN BRIE
2
HISTORY
 History
HISTORY                                                Politics
                                                countries has declared itself to be the
      HISTORY                                   restoration of the sovereign nations which restored
 The Baltic States became sovereign After the Baltic States had
The Baltic States became sovereign nationsnations in the aftermath of World War I for
   The Baltic States became sovereign existed already in 1918-1940.
 nations Baltic States became World War I independence, integration with Western
in the aftermath ofaftermathI ofsovereign nations in the
      The in the World War for the first
   the first time since the 13th century (Estonia and Latvia) and the 18th century
time aftermath time century the for thecentury since the was chosen as the main stra-
 for the first 13th since (Estonia and time Europe
       since the                      13th first
   (Lithuania). of World War (Lithuania). POLITICS and were recognised as
           HISTORY declaredIindependence in 1918
                    They
Latvia) andand Latvia) and the 18th century tegic goal. Membership of NATO was
                the 18th century
 (Estoniacentury (Estonia and Latvia) and the 18th century
      13th
They declared independence 1920. and
   independentHISTORY in in 1918
                    countries HISTORY
 (Lithuania). They declaredindependence in 1918 andon March 29, restored
      (Lithuania). They declared independ- the in the States had 2004, and acces-
were recognised as independent countries After achieved
           The Baltic States became sovereign nations Baltic
in 1920. in recognisedWorld Warshort-lived, however.to the EU tookfollowing May 1, 2004.
 ence aftermathand as independent countries in 1920. integration with Western
      were 1918 of were The I for the first time In the 1940, place on
                                                  as sion
                                   recognisedindependence,
   Independence was relatively became sovereign since June the
                   The Baltic States Baltic States became sovereign main strategic
                                                           nations in
                                                Europe Furthermore, the I December 21, 2007,
                                                         was chosen as
                    countries pact of in I and first of century on
 independentaftermath ofinnations1939,for thethe 18th World War the whole
                                   1920.
   the Molotov-Ribbentrop World War thethe Soviet time since the
           13th century (Estonia and Latvia) aftermath Union occupied
Independence was was relatively short-lived, however. In of NATO was achieved
      Independence relatively for andindependence pro-Soviet
                                   short-lived, goal. Membership
   territory ofJuneBaltic States, the first Latvia)Estonia, 18th governmentsthe all
                  the They following installed new, the2004, and accession in EU
however.(Lithuania).century (Estonia the timeMarchin 1918 and century Lithuania entered
             In 13th 1940, declared and on since 29, the Latvia and to
                                                         and 13th century
      June 1940, following the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of century
   three were recognised 1939, the Soviet countries in 1920. 1, and
           countries.
                   (Lithuania). independent Latvia) and thein
                                 (Estonia and independence 18th
Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of asThey short-lived, place Schengen2004. Furthermore,
 Independence was relatively declaredtook the on May1918zone.
      1939, the Soviet Union (Lithuania). They declared independence Latvia and
                                  occupied the whole territory
Union occupiedwerewhole territory of the on December 21,in 1920.
 however. In the recognised as independent countries 2007, Estonia,
                     June 1940, following the
      of annexationStates, andinpro-Soviet were recognised as Schengen zone.
          the Balticinstalled new,installed new, pro-Soviet (re-occupation by the
Baltic States, and of the Baltic States lasted from entered the
   The Independence                             Lithuania 1944
 Molotov-Ribbentropwas relativelyand the All three Baltic States are parliamentary
                                     1918 short-lived, however. In
                             pact of 1939,
      governments in all three countries. countries in pact of
governments in all three countries. invasion) till 1990. 1920.
   Soviets after the followingwas Molotov-Ribbentrop however. In
           June 1940, Nazi German relatively short-lived,
                   Independenceindependent All three Baltic States which have unicameral
                                    the
 Soviet Union occupied the whole terri- democracies, are parliamentary
           1939, the the
                    of Soviet Union occupied democracies, which have
                                                 the whole territory
The annexationBaltic Baltic States lasted Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of unicameral
             the June 1940, following thetheir independence
 toryThe annexation of the Baltic States lasted pro-Sovietshort-elected by the
                         States, Independencenew, parliaments by popular of popular vote.
   Theofof the Baltic the Sovietand installed fromwhole territory Each vote. In
                          States, installed was
                                  andUnion parliaments 1944
         three Baltic nations re-declaredoccupiedrelatively in 1990.
                   1939,
from 1944 (re-occupation by the Soviets                 the elected
after (re-occupation bydeclared itselfall installed In Latviafollowing is elected
   three governmentsBalticSoviets however. Nazinew,Estonia, and Estonia, President is
      the countriesthe inthe three countries.the June 1940,
                             all States, and the
                                 lived, after Latvia German
 new, pro-Soviet hasinvasion) till 1990. three restoration of the sovereign nations
            Nazi German
                   of
                       governments in to be In and                     President
                                                              pro-Soviet
 countries. tillalready in 1918-1940. by parliament while Lithuania has awhile Lithuania
   which existed 1990.
      invasion)                  the Molotov-Ribbentrop pactby 1939,
                                                       elected of parliament semi-
The three Baltic nations re-declared their presidential a semi-presidential system and the
   HISTORY The annexation of the Baltic States lasted from the wholethe President is
                                 the Soviet Union occupied 1944and
                                                       has system
independence inBaltic Each of the three
      The three 1990.the Baltic Statesafter the independence elected by popular vote.
                          nations re-declared electedPresidentvote.
                                                        by popular
                                                their Nazi German
 The annexation of by the Sovietsof the Baltic States, and
           (re-occupation        territory lasted                   is
CountryBaltic Each of the threeESTONIA nations in the aftermath of World War I for
   The 1944 (re-occupationsovereign has declared governmentsLITHUANIA
 from
      in 1990. States becameinstalled new, pro-Soviet itself to
                                      countries
                                    by the                LATVIA             in
      be the time since the 13th century (Estonia which existed the 18th century
               restoration of theall three countries. and Latvia) and
                                   sovereign nations
Capitalfirst
   the
 Soviets after the Nazi German invasion)
                                      Tallinn               Riga               Vilnius
   (Lithuania). They declared independence in 1918 and were recognised as
 till 1990.
Population (2007)                   1,340,602            2,270,700           3,369,600
   independent countries in 1920.
Area                           45,227 km2          64,589 km2          65,200 km2
 The three Baltic nations re-declared
  Independence was relatively short-lived, however. In June 1940, following
Calling code                  +372              +371                +370
 their Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of 1939, the Soviet Union occupied the whole
   the independence in 1990. Each of the
Internet domain                  .ee                .lv              .lt
 three countriesBaltic States, and installed new, pro-Soviet governments in all
   territory of the has declared itself to be
Currency
 the restoration of the sovereigncrown
   three countries.        Estonian
                                     nations Latvian lat       Lithuanian litas
                               €15,310
GDP per existed already in 1918-1940.
 which capita (2007)                             €11,826           €10,472
HDI* (2005)                       0.860               0.855               0.862
* Human Development Index



                                                                                                 7
                                                                                                 3
Location
The Baltic States are situated on
the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea,
bordering Russia (Estonia and Latvia)
and Byelorussia (Latvia and Lithuania)
in the east, Poland and the Kaliningrad
region of Russia (Lithuania) in the
south. The landscape of the countries
is marked by lowland plains and rolling
hills, with thousands of rivers and
lakes. Most of the countryside is less
than 100 metres above sea level.




Statistics
Country                       ESTONIA         LATVIA         LITHUANIA
Capital                        Tallinn          Riga           Vilnius
Population (2007)             1,340,602      2,270,700        3,369,600
Area                         45,227 km2      64,589 km2      65,200 km2
Calling code                    +372            +371            +370
Internet domain                  .ee             .lv             .lt
Currency                    Estonian kroon   Latvian lat   Lithuanian litas
GDP per capita (2007)          €15,310        €11,826         €10,472
HDI* (2005)                     0.860          0.855            0.862
* Human Development Index




8
Climate                                  guages make up the group of the Baltic
The climate of all three countries can   languages which belongs to the Indo-
be described as transitional between     European language family. The Estonian
maritime and continental. Summers        language is not an Indo-European
are pleasantly mild, whereas not         language and instead belongs to the
every winter offers an abundance of      Baltic-Finnic subgroup of the Finno-
snow. Average temperature in July is     Ugric languages, sharing close ethnic
+17°C, in January –5°C.                  and historical ties with the Finnish
                                         language and people.
Languages
The languages of the Baltic nations Local time
belong to two distinct language fami- Local time is the Eastern European
lies. The Latvian and Lithuanian lan- Time (GMT +2 hours, e.g. Helsinki,
                                      Budapest and Athens).




                                                                             9
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN ESTONIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN ESTONIA
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN ESTONIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN ESTONIA
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN ESTONIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN ESTONIA
HIGHER EDUCATIOONIA
11
1. Higher education                         higher education is to increase students’
                                            level of general education, their acquired
The Estonian higher education system        basic knowledge and skills in the spe-
consists of academic and professional       cialty necessary for master’s level studies
higher education. Higher education is       and for commencing work. The nominal
provided mainly by universities and pro-    length of bachelor’s studies is usually 3
fessional institutions of higher educa-     years, and the capacity of studies is 180
tion. Recent trends in higher education     credits in the European Credit Transfer
implemented in accordance with the          and Accumulation System – ECTS. In
objective to create a European higher       exceptional cases the nominal length
education area, have lead to the adop-      of bachelor’s-level studies reaches four
tion of a higher education system based     years (240 ECTS credits). After graduation
on two main cycles - undergraduate and      from bachelor’s-level programmes, the
graduate studies.                           bachelor’s degree bakalaureusekraad,
                                            is awarded.

1.1. Academic higher education        After graduation from bachelor’s-level
The academic branch of Estonian higherprogrammes, students can continue in
                                      the second cycle leading to the Master’s
education has two cycles, following the
                                      degree magistrikraad. Master’s level
bachelor-master model. Bachelor’s level
studies form the first cycle, and mas-studies are the studies of the second
                                      cycle of higher education in the course of
ter’s level studies the second. In some
specialties the study programmes have which, knowledge and skills in the speci-
                                      ality are acquired, preparing a student for
been integrated into a single long cycle.
                                      independent work after graduation. The
The purpose of the bachelor’s level main purpose of master’s level studies
studies of the two-cycle structure of is to educate a specialist with thorough




12
professional knowledge. Master’s level      ECTS credits, but together with bache-
studies in universities are continued       lor’s level studies not less than five years
studies after bachelor’s level studies,     (300 ECTS credits).
and a bachelor’s degree or equivalent
level of qualification is a prerequisite    In addition to the two-cycle general
for admission. Persons who hold a pro-      structure, the study programmes of
fessional higher education diploma can      medicine, dentistry, pharmaceutical, veteri-
also commence master’s programmes           narian, architectural and civil engineering
in a university under the conditions and    training are single long-cycle studies
pursuant to the procedure established       with a nominal length of 5 – 6 years and a
by the university. The nominal length       capacity of 300 – 360 ECTS credits. Such
of master’s level studies is 1 – 2 years    single long-cycle studies are called in-
and the volume of the studies is 60 – 120   tegrated bachelor-master studies based




                                                                                     13
on an integrated study programme that
contains both basic studies and deep
specialisation. The completion of studies
provides qualifications that correspond
to a master’s level degree.

Existing legislation establishes that the
master’s level qualification is a prereq-
uisite for the commencement of doctoral
studies. The nominal length of doctoral
studies is 3-4 years after which the post-
graduate research degree (doktorikraad)
is conferred.

1.2. Professional higher education
Professional higher education institu-
tions and a small number of vocational
education institutions offer non-academic
first cycle higher education, rakendus-
kõrgharidus, or professional higher
education, aimed at providing skills and
knowledge required to work in a certain
profession or continue one’s studies
at the master’s level. Depending of the
subject area, the nominal length of first
cycle professional higher education
studies is 3 – 4 years, and the volume




14
of studies is 180 – 240 ECTS credits.         lectures, seminars, practical training,
Persons who have completed professio-         independent work and an examination
nal higher education studies are awarded      period. Institutions of higher education
a diploma called a rakenduskõrghari-          operate five days a week for full-time
dusõppe diplom. A diploma of profes-          studies.
sional higher education corresponds
to a bakalaureusekraad awarded by             2.2. Admission procedures
universities, and graduates are entitled to   International students seeking a degree
continue studies towards the magistri-        from an institution of higher educa-
kraad on conditions laid down by the          tion in Estonia must usually apply for
university council.                           admission on the same terms as Estonian
                                              students. There are general and specific
                                              requirements for admission to institu-
2. Organization                               tions of higher education. The general
Of studies                                    requirements are binding on all institu-
                                              tions of higher education and concern
2.1. Academic calendar                        all study programmes.
The academic year at institutions of
higher education is divided into two          Admission to the study programmes is
semesters: autumn and spring. The             administered by the institution of higher
autumn semester usually runs from             education, and candidates apply directly
the last week of August to December,          to the institution of their choice. It is wise
with examinations in January. The             to contact the respective institution well
spring semester lasts from the end of         before commencing one’s studies, in
January or the beginning of February to       order to obtain detailed information on
the end of May, but exams can be taken        application procedures, accommodation
until the middle of June. As a general        possibilities and other important facts.
rule a semester contains 20 weeks of



                                                                                         15
General requirements                           grammes to facilitate student mobility.
Undergraduate students – applicants            Further information on conditions and
wishing to pursue first cycle higher           procedures for application is available at
education studies are required to have         the student’s home university.
completed their secondary or equivalent
level education. International applicants      Visiting students – visiting students are
must be eligible for higher education in       international students who plan to study
their own country. In a country where the      at the host institution for up to one year
certificate of completion of secondary         at either the graduate or postgraduate
school is in itself sufficient for admission   level. Further information on conditions
to higher education, additional qualifying     and procedures for application is avail-
examinations may also be required for          able at the student’s home university and/
admission to institutions of higher edu-       or at the prospective host university.
cation in Estonia.
                                               Specific requirements
Graduate and postgraduate students –           Specific requirements depend on the
applicants wishing to pursue master’s          requirements of the institution of higher
level studies are required to have com-        education and on the specialisation.
pleted the first cycle of higher education,    Specific requirements may include
and those wishing to pursue doctoral           entrance examinations, an interview or
studies must have completed master’s           minimum marks on the secondary-level
level studies.                                 school-leaving certificate. All prospective
                                               international students should contact the
Exchange students – student exchanges          International Relations Office or another
take place on the basis of bilateral agree-    appropriate office of the higher educa-
ments between partner institutions.            tion institution of their choice for more
There are also different exchange pro-         detailed information before mailing their




16
application materials. Exchange
students and visiting students should
also contact the appropriate office
at their home university.

Language requirements
All the applicants need to provide
proof of the proficiency in the
language of a respective study pro-
gramme. Most of the international
students apply for the programmes
taught in English, but there are
also those, who prefer to study in
Estonian or Russian languages. The
documented proof of proficiency is
not required from native-speakers
or from the applicants who have
completed their previous education
in a respective language. In most
cases results of internationally ac-
cepted foreign language tests are
accepted. Some institutions carry
out their own language tests and/or
interviews. Many universities offer
language courses for international
students as a pre-study possibility
or as part of the study programme.




                                        17
2.3. Tuition fees                           information on tuition fees is the higher
Study costs may include application fees,   education institution in which a student
tuition fees directly covering the course   is interested. Generally the fees vary
or programme offered and the purchase       from 1280 EUR (20 000 EEK) to 5100 EUR
of textbooks and other study materials.     (80 000 EEK) per year for English taught
Since universities reserve the right to     programmes. Some of the more expen-
revise fees, study costs may differ from    sive specialities are medicine, law, busi-
one university to another. In addition to   ness administration and social sciences.
study costs, students should also take      Some higher education institutions may
into account living expenses.               differentiate tuition fees for students
Therefore the most reliable source of       from EU and from outside EU.




18
Citizens of EU member states are eligible   system of credits is a cumulative calcula-
to apply for the state-commissioned         tion of credit points based on a student’s
places on undergraduate and graduate        workload. One credit point corresponds
level together with the applicants pos-     to 40 hours or one study week of studies
sessing a diploma from an Estonian edu-     performed by a student. A credit point is
cational institution to the programmes      not related to the lecturing or any other
taught in Estonian language. A number       workload of a member of the academic
of state-commissioned places is avail-      staff. The normal workload of an average
able for all the doctoral students.         student during a full academic year would
                                            include forty weeks of studies and entail
                                            40 national credit points. Credit points
2.4. Assessment and grading system          are awarded only for successfully com-
Credit system                               pleted courses.
Academic progress is measured in credit
points (ainepunkt, or AP). The national In the ECTS system of credits the volume




                                                                                    19
of one academic year is 60 ECTS credits.     two specific questions at the beginning
The valid legislation enables parallel       of the session, and after preparation,
usage of both systems – the national         answers the examiner. The examiner
system and the ECTS credits. The full        may ask additional questions which are
transition to the ECTS system of credits     required to pass the examination. Oral
will be completed by 1 September 2009.       examinations usually last longer, from
                                             thirty minutes to one hour.
In the description of all study programmes
the nominal length of studies, the balance   Oral examinations are sometimes also
of compulsory and optional subjects, the     organised such that a small group of stu-
number of credits for specific courses       dents may answer questions at the same
together with a general description of       time. In a written examination a group of
the content, available majors within the     students receive one or several questions
study programme and requirements for         related to the subject area that must be
graduation are determined.                   thoroughly answered. There may also be
                                             written tests that include questions with
Tests and exams                              multiple answers, and the students must
All institutions of higher education are     select the right answer from the given
required to end courses with examina-        list. A written examination usually takes
tions (eksam) or preliminary examina-        from one to two hours. The results of an
tions (arvestus). There may be several       examination and preliminary examina-
independent examinations or tests in         tion are given in the form of marks or
separate parts of a subject. Usually the     may be evaluated as pass (arvestatud) or
oral and written examinations are held       fail (mitte arvestatud).
at the end of each semester during the
four-week examination session. In an
oral examination a student gets one or




20
Grading
According to government regulation, all Estonian institutions of higher education
use a standardised 6-point scale of grades based on the percentage of aquired
knowledge:
Grade                      Description         Percentage of expected knowledge and skills
5 or A                suurepärane/excellent                    91 – 100%
4 or B                  väga hea/very good                      81 – 90%
3 or C                      hea/good                            71 – 80%
2 or D                 rahuldav/satisfactory                    61 – 70%
1 or E                   kasin/sufficient                       51 – 60%
0 or F                 puudulik/insufficient                    0 – 50%

Some institutions use letters (A – F) in       It is important to emphasise that the
assessment, while other have opted for         grades awarded according to the Estonian
numbers (5 – 0), the principles of grading     grading scale are not directly transfer-
are still similar regardless of which of       able to the ECTS rating scale, regardless
these is used. With grades A/5, B/4, C/3,      of their striking resemblance. According
D/2 and E/1, an examination is consi-          to the Estonian national grading scale,
dered passed, whereas with grade F an          each student’s knowledge and skills are
examination is not considered passed.          assessed independently, and not in com-
The grades with which an examination           parison to each other. The ECTS rating
is considered passed begin from 51% of         scale aims at the evaluation of students’
the acquired volume of the subject, and        abilities in relation to other students in
the distribution of grades between the         the same study group. As the basis for
students who pass the examination is           assessment is different, the transfer of
not determined.                                grades from one system to another is
                                               problematic.



                                                                                         21
22
2.5. Recognition
Before making the final decision on
what university or study programme to
choose, it is important to check whether
the institution of higher education and
the selected study programme is offi-
cially recognised in Estonia. Pursuant to
the laws of Estonia, accreditation is not
compulsory; it is, however, the only pos-
sibility for an institution of higher educa-
tion to acquire the right to issue officially
recognised documents certifying higher
education. Recognition by the Republic
of Estonia is the basic requirement for
the recognition of studies in the student’s
home country. Information about the ac-
creditation of higher education institu-
tions and their programmes can be found
on the databases of Estonian higher
education institutions (Õppekavade and-
mebaas) on the web site of the Estonian
Accreditation Centre.

Students wishing to continue their
studies in Estonia on the basis of a
foreign academic certificate, diploma or




                                          23
degree must apply directly to the higher
     education institution or ENIC/NARIC
     Centre in Estonia for admission, as
     well as for recognition of their periods
     of study.

     The Estonian ENIC/NARIC belongs to
     the Council of Europe and UNESCO
     ENIC (European Network of National
     Information Centres on Academic
     Recognition and Mobility) network,
     and is a member of the European
     Commission NARIC (National Academic
     Recognition      Information    Centres)
     network. The main activities of the
     Centre in Estonia are the evaluation
     of foreign educational qualifications
     (certificates, diplomas, degrees etc.),
     and the provision of information on edu-
     cation systems and recognition. Foreign
     students who have been awarded
     a degree by an Estonian education
     institution but wish to continue
     studies or start working in either
     their home or another foreign
     country must approach the appropriate
     authority in that country in order




24
to evaluate the equivalence of the the home and host institutions. The
Estonian credential in a particular educa- Learning Agreement is an informal
tion system.                               contract that indicates precisely what
                                           modules and courses a student would
Students studying in Estonia in the be studying. At the end of the study
framework of the Erasmus programme period abroad, the host university shall
do not have to check upon the study pro- provide both the exchange student
grammes offered in their host institution, and the sending university a transcript
as only institutions with accredited study reporting the results obtained in the
programmes are eligible to participate agreed programme of study.
in the Erasmus programme. To facilitate
the comparability and recognition of Estonian Accreditation Centre
acquired credits and grades, students http://www.ekak.archimedes.ee/
are advised to complete a Learning Estonian ENIC/NARIC Centre
Agreement to be signed by them and http://www.archimedes.ee/enic/




                                                                                25
3. Scholarships/grants
New scholarships for international students   undergraduate students.
have been envisaged for the coming years,
and it would be worthwhile consulting our     Citizens of EU member states accepted
www.studyinestonia.ee portal for the          to the state-commissioned student
latest news. Most of the scholarships are     places (mostly Estonian taught study
available for outstanding graduate and        programmes) do not have to pay tuition
postgraduate students. Thus, some insti-      fees and are eligible to receive national
tutions provide scholarships also for the     grants awarded on the basis of academic




26
performance. As of 2008, a similar grant   scholarships cover tuition fees, health
for doctoral students coming from third    insurance, the cost of a residence
countries can be applied for through       permit and an allowance for living and
the Archimedes Foundation, although        travel. Only students wishing to pursue
it must be emphasised that application     their studies at the bachelor’s or mas-
must be made by the institution and not    ter’s level can benefit from the support
the individual student.                    offered under this scheme, however.

Descendants of Estonians living abroad Hundreds of exchange student study in
may apply for a student scholarship of Estonia with the support of an Erasmus
the compatriots program. Compatriots’ or Erasmus Mundus student grant. In




                                                                                 27
the framework of these European Union       the international office of the respective
programmes, one can study abroad only       institution of higher education.
as an exchange student. The amount
of the scholarship varies considerably,     Study in Estonia portal:
depending mainly on the length of study     http://www.studyinestonia.ee
and the student’s home institution or       Archimedes Foundation:
country. There are currently 24 institu-    http://www.archimedes.ee
tions of higher education in Estonia that   European Commission educational
participate in the Erasmus European         programmes:
Community action programme (see pp.         http://ec.europa.eu/education/
29–31). Every participating higher edu-     index_en.html
cation institution has its own Erasmus
co-ordinator who provides academic   Study loans - All the full-time degree
information for prospective Erasmus  students coming from EU countries are
exchange students.                   able to apply for a study loan. The loan
                                     will be granted after the student has
Almost all the universities offering been officially enrolled to the institution
international degree programmes have of higher education. More details can
scholarship schemes for outstanding be obtained from the banks offering the
applicants and continuing students. loans.
More information can be obtained at




28
4. Higher education institutions*
* Institutions participating in the Erasmus programme are marked with (EUC)

Public universitites
Estonian Academy of Arts (EUC)
                                                                               www.artun.ee
Eesti Kunstiakadeemia
Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre (EUC)
                                                                              www.ema.edu.ee
Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia
Estonian University of Life Sciences (EUC)
                                                                               www.emu.ee
Eesti Maaülikool
Tallinn University (EUC)
                                                                                www.tlu.ee
Tallinna Ülikool
Tallinn University of Technology (EUC)
                                                                                www.ttu.ee
Tallinna Tehnikaülikool
University of Tartu (EUC)
                                                                                www.ut.ee
Tartu Ülikool


Private universities

Estonian Business School (EUC)                                                  www.ebs.ee

Euro University (EUC)
                                                                              www.eurouniv.ee
Euroülikool
Theological Institute of the Estonian Evangelical
                                                                               www.eelk.ee
Lutheran Church (EUC) /EELK Ususteaduste Instituut
University Nord (EUC)
                                                                               www.nord.ee
Akadeemia Nord




                                                                                                29
State professional higher education institutions

Estonian Joint Military Educational Institutions        www.ksk.edu.ee
Kaitseväe Ühendatud Õppeasutused
Estonian Maritime Academy (EUC)                         www.emara.ee
Eesti Mereakadeemia
Lääne-Viru School of Applied Sciences (EUC)
                                                         www.lvrkk.ee
Lääne-Viru Rakenduskõrgkool
Public Service Academy (EUC)
                                                       www.sisekaitse.ee
Sisekaitseakadeemia
Tallinn College of Engineering (EUC)
                                                          www.tktk.ee
Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool
Tallinn Health College (EUC)
                                                          www.ttk.ee
Tallinna Tervishoiu Kõrgkool
Tallinn Pedagogical College (EUC)
                                                        www.tps.edu.ee
Tallinna Pedagoogiline Seminar
Tallinn School of Economics (EUC)
                                                        www.tmk.edu.ee
Tallinna Majanduskool
Tartu Art College (EUC)
                                                   www.art.tartu.ee/uuem/web
Tartu Kõrgem Kunstikool
Estonian Aviation Academy (EUC)
                                                         www.eava.ee
Eesti Lennuakadeemia
Tartu School of Health Care (EUC)
                                                        www.nooruse.ee
Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool
Võru County Vocational Training Centre (EUC)
                                                         www.vkhk.ee
Võrumaa Kutsehariduskeskus




30
Private professional institutions of higher education

Estonian Information Technology College (EUC)            www.itcollege.ee
Eesti Infotehnolooga Kolledž
Mainor Business School (EUC)                                www.mk.ee
Mainori Kõrgkool
Tallinn Commercial College (EUC)
                                                            www.tcc.ee
Tallinna Kommertskolledž
Estonian-American Business Academy
                                                         www.eabc.edu.ee
Eesti-Ameerika Äriakadeemia
Baltic Methodist Theological Seminary
                                                          www.emkts.ee
Eesti Metodisti Kiriku Teoloogiline Seminar
Tartu Academy of Theology
                                                         www.teoloogia.ee
Tartu Teoloogia Akadeemia
Theological Seminary
                                                         www.kus.tartu.ee
EEKBL Kõrgem Usuteaduslik Seminar
Institute of Economics and Management
                                                        www.smjinstituut.ee
Majanduse ja Juhtimise Instituut
Computer Science College
                                                            www.iati.ee
Arvutikolledž
Higher School I Studium
                                                         www.istudium.ee
Kõrgkool I Studium
Institute of the Humanities and Social Sciences
                                                            www.shi.ee
Sotsiaal-Humanitaarinstituut




                                                                              31
5. Useful links
Studying in Estonia                    Student life
Study in Estonia portal:               Federation of Estonian Student Unions:
http://www.studyinestonia.ee           http://www.eyl.ee/
Estonian Ministry of Education and     Erasmus Student Network:
Research:                              http://www.esn.ee/
http://www.hm.ee/                      AIESEC Estonia:
Archimedes Foundation:                 http://www.aiesec.ee/
http://www.archimedes.ee               Estonian ISIC web site:
European Commission educational        http://www.isic.ee/
programmes:
http://ec.europa.eu/education/index_   Living in Estonia
en.html                                Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Estonian ENIC/NARIC Centre:            http://www.vm.ee
http://www.archimedes.ee/enic/         Citizenship and Migration Board:
Estonian Accreditation Centre:         http://www.mig.ee
http://www.ekak.archimedes.ee/         Estonian Tourist Board
                                       http://visitestonia.com




32
33
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN LATVIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN LATVIA
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN LATVIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN lATVIA
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN LATVIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN LATVIA
HIGHER EDUCATIOONIA
35
1. Higher education
System
Latvian education system is structured
at four levels: pre-school, basic, (upper)
secondary, and higher education. Basic
education is compulsory and it lasts nine
years, after which pupils can choose to
continue their studies in either secon-
dary schools or vocational education
institutions.

Study period varies according to the type
of institution: three years in a secondary
school or one to three years in a vo-
cational education institution. After any
of the types of secondary education is
completed, students can choose either to
enter the labour market or continue
their studies at a higher education insti-
tution. Graduates of general secondary,
professional secondary, and 4-year
vocational secondary programmes are
eligible for admission into higher educa-
tion institutions.

The Law on Higher Educational Institutions



36
(1995) sets the framework for the higher      Second level professional higher education
education system in Latvia. The Law           programmes lead to Level V professional
defines two types of institutions: non-       qualifications (the highest professional
university (ISCED level 5) and university     qualification that ensures planning and
(ISCED level 6). Universities and other       research skills in the respective branch).
institutions of higher education mostly       These programmes last at least four
run both academic and professional            years.
programmes.
                                              1.1 Qualifications
Academic education programmes last            The following qualifications can be
three or four years for Bachelor's de-        received in state-accredited study pro-
gree, one or two years – for Master's         grammes provided by higher education
degree; scientific activities last three or   institutions:
four years for Doctoral degree.               1. Academic education leads to Bachelor's
Professional higher education is divided      and Master's academic degree and
into first level (college programmes) and     Doctoral scientific degree.
second level professional higher educa-       2. Professional higher education leads
tion. First level programmes lead to          to level IV or level V professional qualifi-
Level IV professional qualifications; they    cation and professional Bachelor's and
are called ‘college programmes’ and           Master's degrees.
are mainly established to prepare spe-        Bachelor's degree gives access to Master
cialists for the labour market. College       studies and Master's degree or its
programmes last two or three years.           equivalent – to Doctoral programmes.



                                                                                       37
Higher education structure in Latvia
                            First and second cycles                                           Third cycles and futher courses
                            Notional ages/length corresponding                                Length of studies
                            to full-time studies
                           19     20        21          22         23         24         25   0       1         2   3   4   5

     Medicine, veterinary UNIVERSITĀTE                                                            rezidentūra
                                                                          ārsta diploms
Pharmacy, dental studies                    farmaceita/zobārsta diploms

                            UNIVERSITĀTE/
                            AKADĒMIAJA/
                            AUGSTSKOLA                       diploms
                                                             profesionālais
                                            bakalaurs        magistrs/magistrs
      Other programmes
                                                                        diploms
                                                     bakalaurs profesionālais                     doktors
                                                                     maġistrs/maġistrs


      Other programmes                                               profesionālais
                                       profesionālais bakalaurs maġistrs/maġistrs

                Nursing, KOLEDŽA/
      other programmes AUGSTSKOLA žas diploms
                                  koled



      ISCED 5A (1st or 2nd programme)

      ISCED 5B (1st or 2nd programme)

      ISCED 6 programme

      Further qualification
      Selection procedure/limitation of places at institutional level



Source: Eurydice, 2008




38
2. Organization of studies                 Semester Examinations
                                            Examination sessions take place at the
  2.1. Academic Calendar                    end of each semester (i.e. in January/
  The academic year begins in September February and June-July). Students are
  and ends in the second half of June or usually given 3–5 days to prepare for
  in the first half of July. As a general each examination.
  rule, it comprises 40 weeks of lectures,
  seminars, and practical work, divided Students are individually tested in each
  into 2 semesters – autumn and spring. subject, and the total number of ex-
  In some universities students also have aminations in a semester usually ranges
  to undergo practical training in the form between four and six. Candidates who fail
  of an internship during the summer.       in a course (semester) examination may
                                            be allowed to repeat it in the same ses-
                                            sion or later, depending on the institu-
Autumn semester                             tion. In principle, an examination cannot
                                    mas     be repeated more than twice. If the stu-
•	 Lectures: September to Christ
                                     y
•	 Examinations: January/Februar            dent fails, he/she has to repeat the study
•	 Vacation: Christmas                      course. Some institutions allow their
                                            students to continue the studies even if
Spring semester                             they have failed in one or two subjects.
                                       of
•	 Lectures: February to the end            However, the student must pass the
     May                                    examination before the beginning of the
 •	 Examinations: June/July                 next academic year.
                                    ation
 •	 Vacation: Easter, summer vac
                                            Final Examinations
     in July, August
                                            Final exams are usually arranged as joint
                                            examinations covering several subjects
                                            relevant to the main field of study.



                                                                                    39
2.2. Admissions procedure                    gramme. The standards required to pass
All higher education institutions require    the entrance examinations are aligned
a secondary education diploma. Starting      with secondary education standards.
from 2004, students are enrolled on the
basis of the results of centralised exami-   2.3. Tuition fees
nations which are passed at secondary        The government sets the number of
school leaving. However, higher educa-       places in Latvian public sector insti-
tion institutions may still organize one     tutions which are financed from the
or several additional entrance examina-      state budget, according to the State
tions or aptitude tests with an emphasis     Procurement in the respective academic
on subjects pertinent to the chosen pro-     year. Each higher education institution



40
may set a tuition fee for the rest
of students’ places. All students
are entitled to a state credit for
their studies in any higher edu-
cation programme.
Students themselves or other
juridical or physical persons pay
tuition fees if the place is not fi-
nanced from the state budget. On
average 75% of students pay for
their studies. Two types of loans
are available to students: one to
cover tuition fees and another
for living expenses. Until the end
of 2006 working students could
not claim scholarships; this
restriction is now cancelled, and
scholarships are assigned based
only on examination grades.

Foreigners or non-citizens pay
for their education in accordance
with the agreement concluded
with the respective educational
establishment. In cases when
foreign citizens study in Latvia
under an exchange programme




                                       41
and an equivalent number of Latvian     are examined by a single examiner or by
students study abroad, the foreigners’  an examination board. If the student suc-
studies in Latvia are financed from the cessfully passes all examinations in the
budget resources of the Republic of     examination session, he/she is allowed
                                        to continue the studies in the following
Latvia allocated to the respective institu-
                                        semester. Final examinations are con-
tion of higher education. The tuition fee
for the citizens of European Union coun-ducted by an examination board chaired
tries shall be determined and covered   by an academic or a professional from
according to the same procedure as for  outside the institution. In some cases,
the citizens and permanent residents of especially if the programme prepares
the Republic of Latvia.                 the student for work in a regulated pro-
                                        fession, the final examinations may be
2.4. Assessment and grading system      arranged as State examinations. Latvian
Examinations can be written or oral. higher education system uses a ten-point
In some fields e.g. medicine, practical grading scale, where 10 is the maximum
examinations are important. Students grade and 4 the lowest passing grade.


 Grade                                Explanation                  Approx. ECTS grade
 10                                Izcili (Outstanding)                    A
 9                                 Teicami (Excellent)                     A
 8                                Ļoti labi (Very good)                    B
 7                                     Labi (Good)                         C
 6                             Gandrīz labi (Almost good)                  D
 5                               Viduvēji (Satisfactory)                   E
 4                        Gandrīz viduvēji (Almost satisfactory)         E/FX
 3-1                      Negatīvs vērtējums (Unsatisfactory)             Fail




42
2.5. Recognition of                     ments (bilateral, exchange etc.). Several
Foreign Degrees and Diplomas            institutions offer grant competitions for
Information on recognition procedures   outstanding achievements in particular
is provided by the Academic Information field of study. It is therefore advised to
Centre. Address: Brīvības 33, 4th floor,contact respective institution and ask
Riga, phone: +371 67225155;             about possibilities to apply for scholar-
http://www.aic.lv                       ships/grants.
                                        More information about scholarships in
3. Scholarships/grants                  Latvia for the current academic year:
Studies for visiting students in Latvia http://izm.izm.gov.lv/ministry/
are regulated according to the agree- currently/2407.html




                                                                               43
4. Higher education institutions
 Daugavpils University                         www.dau.lvh
 Daugavpils Universitāte                    www.lapas.dau.lv/forel
 University of Latvia                             www.lu.lv
 Latvijas Universitāte
 Riga Technical University
                                                 www.rtu.lv
 Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte
 BA School of Business and Finance
                                                  www.ba.lv
 Banku Augstskola
 Latvian Maritime Academy
                                                 www.latja.lv
 Latvijas Jūras akadēmija
 Latvian Academy of Art
                                                 www.lma.lv
 Latvijas Mākslas akadēmija
 Latvia University of Agriculture
                                                  www.llu.lv
 Latvijas Lauksaimniecības universitāte
 Riga Stradiņš University
                                                 www.rsu.lv
 Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
 Liepaja University
                                                www.lieppa.lv
 Liepājas Universitāte
 Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Academy of Music
                                            www.music.lv/Academy
 Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija
 Latvian Academy of Culture
                                               www.lka.edu.lv
 Latvijas Kultūras akadēmija
 Police Academy of Latvia
                                              www.polak.edu.lv
 Latvijas Policijas akadēmija




44
Latvian Academy of Sports Education                                   www.lspa.lv
    Latvijas Sporta pedagoģijas akadēmija
    Stockholm School of Economics in Riga                              www.sseriga.edu.lv
    Rīgas Ekonomikas augstskola
    Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy
                                                                          www.rpiva.lv
    Rīgas Pedagoģijas un izglītības vadības augstskola
    Vidzeme University College
                                                                           www.va.lv
    Vidzemes augstskola
    School of Business Administration “Turība”
                                                                         www.turiba.lv
    Biznesa augstskola “Turība”
    University College of Economics and Culture
                                                                        www.eka.edu.lv
    Ekonomikas un kultūras augstskola
    Latvian Christian Academy
                                                                          www.kra.lv
    Latvijas Kristīgā akadēmija
Riga International School of Economics and Business Administration
                                                                         www.rsebaa.lv
Rīgas Starptautiskā ekonomikas un biznesa administrācijas augstskola
    Rezekne Higher Education Institution
                                                                           www.ru.lv
    Rēzeknes Augstskola
    Riga Graduate School of Law
                                                                        www.rgsl.edu.lv
    Rīgas Juridiskā augstskola
    Ventspils University College
                                                                         www.venta.lv
    Ventspils Augstskola
    Baltic International Academy
                                                                        www.bsa.edu.lv
    Baltijas Starptautiskā akadēmija
    Information Systems Management Institute
                                                                          ww.isma.lv
    Informācijas sistēmu menedžmenta augstskola




                                                                                          45
Higher School of Psychology                                            www.psy.lv
    Psiholoģijas augstskola
Higher School of Social Work and Social Pedagogics “Attīstība”          www.attistiba.lv
Sociālā darba un sociālās pedagoģijas augstskola “Attīstība”
    Transport and Telecommunication Institute
                                                                           www.tsi.lv
    Transporta un sakaru institūts
    International Higher school of Practical Psychology
                                                                          www.sppa.lv
    Starptautiskā praktiskās psiholoģijas augstskola
    Latvia Bussiness college
                                                                    www.biznesakoledza.lv
    Latvijas Biznesa koledža
    Liepaja medical College
                                                                      Phone: +37163442118
    Liepājas Medicīnas koledža                                   e-mail: medskola@navigators.lv
    Riga Building College
                                                                           www.rck.lv
    Rīgas Celtniecības koledža                                             www.psk.lv
    Riga Business College
                                                                          www.ruk.lv
    Rīgas Uzņēmējdarbības koledža
    SA “Social integration center” College RRC
                                                                        http://siva.gov.lv
    VA “Sociālās integrācijas centrs” koledža RRC
    Daugavpils Medical College
                                                                        www.medkol.lv
    Daugavpils Medicīnas koledža
    Latvia Culture college
                                                                    www.kulturaskoledza.lv
    Latvijas Kultūras koledža
    P. Stradiņš Health and Social Care College
                                                                           ww.psk.lv
    P. Stradiņa Veselības un sociālās aprūpes koledža
    Riga Medical College
                                                                       www.rmkoledza.lv
    Rīgas Medicīnas koledža




  46
Red Cross Medical College          www.redcrossmedicalcollege.lv
Sarkanā Krusta medicīnas koledža
Riga 1st Medical College                  www.rmk1.lv
Rīgas 1. medicīnas koledža




                                                              47
5. Useful links
Latvia on the Web                     Academic Programme Agency (imple-
Welcome to Latvia                     ments EU education programmes)
http://www.lv                         http://www.apa.lv

                                      Student Union
The Latvian Institute
                                      Each higher education institution has
http://www.li.lv                      its own student union that organizes
                                      seminars, competitions, festivals,
Riga in Your Pocket                   concerts, job markets, and parties.
http://www.inyourpocket.com/latvia/   Almost every University has an active
en/                                   student club.
                                      The Latvian Student Union
Riga Municipality                     can be found at:
http://www.riga.lv                    Baznīcas iela 5–20, Rīga, LV-1050
                                      phone: +371 67034673
Countryside Traveller                 e-mail: lsa@lsa.lv
http://www.celotajs.lv                www.lsa.lv; http://www.studentnet.lv

Ministry of Education and Science
http://www.izm.gov.lv

State Education Development Agency
(implements education programmes
financed by EU Structural Funds;
Euroguidance)
http://www.viaa.gov.lv




48
49
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN LITHUANIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN LITHUAN
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN LITHUANIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN LITHUAN
HIGHER EDUCATION
IN LITHUANIA HIGHER
EDUCATION IN LITHUAN
HIGHER EDUCATIOONIA
51
1. Higher Education System
There are two types of higher education       the second cycle, when studies of the
institutions in Lithuania: universities and   first and second cycles are combined in
colleges. The Lithuanian higher education     succession.
institutions are either state or non-state.
Non-state higher education institutions       Upon the completion of undergraduate
can pursue their activities according to a    university studies, Bachelor diploma is
licence issued by the Government of the       awarded, testifying Bachelor’s degree
Republic of Lithuania. Higher education       or Bachelor’s degree and professional
can only be acquired in higher education      qualification.
institutions.
                                              Upon the completion of integrated studies,
Non-university studies are under-             the Master’s qualification or Master’s
graduate     (professional    Bachelor),      qualification and professional qualifica-
one-cycle, aimed at acquiring profes-         tion, testified by Master’s diploma, is
sional Bachelor’s degree and / or the         acquired. Sometimes only professional
professional qualification, testified by      qualification is awarded testified by the
the professional Bachelor diploma or          higher education diploma.
higher education diploma. University
studies are organised in three cycles:        Upon the completion of graduate
first cycle – under-graduate (Bachelor),      Master’s studies, Master’s diploma is
second cycle – graduate (Master’s             awarded, testifying Master’s qualification
or specialised professional) and third        or Master’s and professional qualifica-
cycle – postgraduate (doctoral, residency     tion.
or postgraduate art). Integrated studies
are aimed at acquiring qualification of       Specialised professional second cycle




52
studies are aimed at acquiring profes-
sional qualification in a specific field, tes-
tified by the higher education diploma.

Postgraduate art studies are the third
cycle studies designed for the training of
higher education institution art teachers
and specialisation of artists.

Residency is in the third cycle studies de-
signed exclusively for training of specia-
lists in the specific study fields (Medicine,
Odontology and Veterinary Medicine) in
order to follow their individually chosen
careers.

Lithuania uses its national credit system
based on student workload with an
average of 1,600 working hours per
academic year. One credit corresponds
to 40 hours of student work (in classes,
laboratories, independent work etc.), or
to one working week.

There are three modes of studies: full-
time daytime, part-time evening and
part-time extramural.




                                                 53
2. Organisation                            aminations (one or two weeks), summer
                                           holidays – after the spring semester (up
of Studies                                 to two months). In summertime some
                                           students undertake a practical course
2.1. Academic calendar
                                           during which they train working as pro-
The academic year is divided into
                                           fessionals.
two semesters: autumn (beginning in
September) and spring (beginning in 2.2. Admission procedure
February). Each semester usually covers Admission to all Lithuanian institutions
20 weeks. The last 4 weeks are allotted to of higher education is subject to com-
examination sessions.                      petition. There is a fixed number of ap-
                                          plicants admitted to study programmes.
Holidays: Christmas holidays from 25      In order to enter the first cycle university
December till the beginning of January,   studies, a Maturity Certificate (school
Easter holidays from five to nine days,   leaving certificate) or comparable quali-
winter holidays – after the winter ex-    fication is required. To be admitted to the




54
second cycle university programmes,          language of instruction is other than
individuals should hold a Bachelor’s         Lithuanian, the applicant must pass a
degree or equivalent qualification (usu-     test to demonstrate his/her proficiency
ally in the respective field). In order to   in that language. The test is taken at the
enter the third cycle university studies,    institution offering the programme. As
an applicant should have either Master’s     a rule of thumb, admission to regular
or a corresponding degree in the selected    studies is carried out in July. However,
study field. A foreign national seeking      foreign citizens planning to study in
access to studies in Lithuania has to be     Lithuania are advised to start the
proficient in the language of instruction.   application procedure as early as pos-
As a rule, the language of instruction       sible due to the fact that document
is Lithuanian, and the applicant has to      recognition and subject equivalence
pass the pass/fail test of the Lithuanian    identification procedure may take up to
language (www.flf.vu/lsk/). In cases of      one month and sometimes longer.
international programmes, when the




                                                                                     55
2.3. Tuition fees                                     2.4. Forms of assessment
The amount of tuition fees varies from LTL            and grading system
3,500 (approx. EUR 1,010) to LTL 12,000               Every course in a subject should be
(approx. EUR 3,500) per academic year                 assessed by one of three means: exami-
for undergraduate studies and from LTL                nation, graded credit test or credit test
8,500 (approx. EUR 2,500) to LTL 20,000               (pass/fail).
(approx. EUR 5,800) per academic year                 Either of the three can be oral or in
for graduate studies depending on the                 writing. An examination is evaluated by
institution and the programme chosen.                 a mark. A graded credit test is similar


Marking system                                       Definition
PASS
10 (excellent)                       Excellent performance, outstanding knowledge and skills
9 (very good)                             Strong performance, good knowledge and skills
8 (good)                               Above the average performance, knowledge and skills

7 (highly satisfactory)                     Average performance, knowledge and skills
                                                  with inessential shortcomings

6 (satisfactory)                            Below average performance, knowledge and
                                                skills with substantial shortcomings

5 (sufficient)                                  Knowledge and skills meet minimum
                                                      criteria shortcomings
FAIL*
4 (insufficient)
3 (highly insufficient)                Knowledge and skills do not meet minimum criteria /
                                                   below minimum criteria
2 (poor)
1 (very poor)
*Failed exams (marks from 1 to 4) must be retaken.




56
to an examination, only less time is          3. Scholarships
allowed for preparation, and the scope
of the material covered is usually much       and Grants
narrower than in an examination. As for
                                           3.1. Lithuanian national scholarships
credit tests, they are either pass or fail,
                                           The Ministry of Education and Science
and even less time is given for prepara-
                                           of the Republic of Lithuania offers the
tion.
                                           following national scholarships under
Only in exceptional cases students
                                           bilateral agreements in the field of
may choose the means of assessment.
                                           culture, science, education and sports:
Usually it is unequivocally determined
                                           •	 state	scholarships	for	undergradu-	
by the curriculum.
                                               ate, graduate and postgraduate level
Students at institutions of higher educa-
                                               students’ 5-10 months’ studies;
tion are evaluated on a ten point scale,
                                           •	 state	scholarships	for	researchers’,		
although actually on a seven point scale,
                                               teachers’ short term (1-5 months)
because examinations with 1, 2, 3, 4
                                               research or lecturing stays in state
points received are considered failing
                                               higher education and research insti-
and must be retaken.
                                               tutions of Lithuania;
2.5. Recognition                           •	 state	scholarships	for	participation		
A foreign citizen must have his/her            in language and culture summer
education documents organised in               schools.
Lithuania. The evaluation and recogni-
tion procedures of school-leaving certifi- The opportunity is given for advanced
cates and higher education qualifications students, researchers and teachers of
are provided by the Centre for Quality higher education institutions to enable
Assessment in Higher Education (www. them to study or carry out research at a
skvc.lt).                                  Lithuanian institution of higher education
                                           and science. Applications from students



                                                                                   57
and researchers from different fields of Method of application
studies or research are welcome.         Applicants for the scholarships must
                                         be nominated by the authorised
All applicants have to be enrolled in co-ordinators in their home country
higher education institution in their observing the deadlines, requirements
home country (or employment in a higher and quota established in bilateral agree-
education and research institution).     ments and exchange programmes

The scholarships are not intended for More information is available on the
a full course of study. Normally, an website:
academic degree or diploma cannot be www.smpf.lt/scholarships
obtained during the tenure of the scho-
larship.
                                            3.2. Lifelong learning
Lithuanian (Baltic) Studies                 programme / Erasmus
The Lithuanian (Baltic) studies organised In Lithuania, 48 universities and
by higher education and research institu- colleges participate in the Erasmus
tions of Lithuania attract foreign students programme which is the vast majority
who learn Lithuanian or Baltic philology, of all Lithuanian institutions of higher
Indo-European linguistics or Lithuanian education. Hundreds of foreign students
literature. These studies may be attrac- come as Erasmus students to Lithuania
tive for researchers and lecturers who every year.
are interested in the scientific Lithuanian
literature, history, culture, ethnography, For more information see also:
folklore, political and economic            www.smpf.lt/erasmus_en
processes in the Baltic region.




58
3.3. Erasmus Mundus                        Mundus projects as coordinators and
Erasmus Mundus is a cooperation and        partners.
mobility programme, intended to en-
hance the quality of higher education in   More information is available on the
Europe and cooperation throughout the      website:
world by organising high-quality Masters   http://ec.europa.eu/education/
Courses at the European universities.      external-relation-programmes/
Lithuanian institutions actively par-      doc72_en.htm
ticipate in number of various Erasmus




                                                                             59
4. Higher education institutions*
*All institutions of higher education listed below are participating in LLP/Erasmus programme.

Universities
The General J. Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
                                                                                     www.lka.lt
Generolo J. Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija
ISM University of Management and Economics
                                                                                    www.ism.lt
ISM Vadybos ir ekonomikos universitetas
Kaunas University of Medicine
                                                                                    www.kmu.lt
Kauno medicinos universitetas
Kaunas University of Technology
                                                                                     www.ktu.lt
Kauno technologijos universitetas
Klaipeda University
                                                                                     www.ku.lt
Klaipėdos universitetas
LCC International University
                                                                                     www.lcc.lt
LCC tarptautinis universitetas
Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education
                                                                                    www.lkka.lt
Lietuvos kūno kultūros akademija
Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre
                                                                                    www.lmta.lt
Lietuvos muzikos ir teatro akademija
Lithuanian Veterinary Academy
                                                                                     www.lva.lt
Lietuvos veterinarijos akademija




60
Universities
Lithuanian University of Agriculture
                                                      www.lzuu.lt
Lietuvos žemės ūkio universitetas
Mykolas Romeris University                            www.mruni.eu
Mykolo Romerio universitetas
Siauliai University                                    www.su.lt
Šiaulių universitetas
Vilnius Gediminas Technical University
                                                       www.vgtu.lt
Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas
Vilnius Academy of Fine Arts
                                                       www.vda.lt
Vilniaus dailės akademija
Vilnius University
                                                       www.vu.lt
Vilniaus universitetas
Vilnius Pedagogical University
                                                       www.vpu.lt
Vilniaus pedagoginis universitetas
International Business school at Vilnius University
                                                       www.tvm.lt
Vilniaus universiteto tarptautinio verslo mokykla
Vytautas Magnus University
                                                       www.vdu.lt
Vytauto Didžiojo universitetas




                                                                     61
Colleges
  Alytus College
                                                              www.akolegija.lt
  Alytaus kolegija
  College of Social Sciences
                                                                www.smk.lt
  Socialinių mokslų kolegija
  Kaunas College
                                                               www.kauko.lt
  Kauno kolegija
Kaunas College of Forestry and Environmental Enginnering
                                                             www.kmaik.lm.lt
Kauno miškų ir aplinkos inžinerijos kolegija
  Kaunas Technical College
                                                                www.ktk.lt
  Kauno technikos kolegija
  Klaipeda College
                                                                www.klk.lt
  Klaipėdos kolegija
  Klaipeda Business and Technology College
                                                                www.klvtk.lt
  Klaipėdos verslo ir technologijų kolegija
  Klaipėda Business College
                                                                www.klvk.lt
  Klaipėdos verslo kolegija
  Kolping College
                                                           www.kolegija.kolping.lt
  Kolpingo kolegija
  Lithuanian Maritime Academy
                                                                www.lmc.lt
  Lietuvos aukštoji jūreivystės mokykla




62
Colleges
   Marijampole College
                                                                  www.marko.lt
   Marijampolės kolegija
   Panevezys College
                                                                  www.panko.lt
   Panevėžio kolegija
   Siauliai College
                                                              www.siauliukolegija.lt
   Šiaulių kolegija
College of Management, Law and Languages in Siauliai Region
                                                                www.kolegija.com
Šiaulių krašto vadybos, teisės ir kalbų kolegija
   Northern Lithuania College
                                                                   www.slk.lt
   Šiaurės Lietuvos kolegija
   Zemaitijos College
                                                                  www.zemko.lt
   Žemaitijos kolegija
   Utena College
                                                              www.utenos-kolegija.lt
   Utenos kolegija
   West Lithuanian Business College
                                                                   www.vlvk.lt
   Vakarų Lietuvos verslo kolegija
   Vilnius College
                                                                   www.viko.lt
   Vilniaus kolegija
   Vilnius Co-operative College
                                                                   www.vkk.lt
   Vilniaus kooperacijos kolegija




                                                                                       63
Colleges
Vilnius College of Construction and Design
                                              www.vtdko.lt
Vilniaus technologijų ir dizaino kolegija
Vilnius Law and Business College
Vilniaus teisės ir verslo kolegija            www.vtvk.lt

Vilnius Management College
Vilniaus vadybos aukštoji mokykla              www.vva.lt

Vilnius Business College
Vilniaus verslo kolegija                     www.kolegija.lt

V.A. Graičiūnas school of Management
                                              www.avm.lt
V.A. Graičiūno aukštoji vadybos mokykla




64
Scientific Institutes participating in LLP/Erasmus programme

Institute of Mathematics and Informatics
                                                               www.mii.lt
Matematikos ir informatikos institutas
Semiconductor Physics Institute
                                                               www.pfi.lt
Puslaidininkių fizikos institutas




                                                                            65
5. Useful links                         Student life
                                        Lithuanian National Union of Students
Studying in Lithuania                   www.lss.lt
Ministry of Education and Science of the
Republic of Lithuania                    Lithuanian National Union of Students
www.smm.lt                               Representations
                                         www.lsas.lt
Educational Exchanges Support
Foundation                               ISIC Lithuania
www.smpf.lt                              www.isic.lt

Lithuanian State Science and Studies    Living in Lithuania
Foundation                              Lithuanian Central Internet Gates
www.vmsfondas.lt                        www.lithuania.lt

Centre for Quality Assessment in        Migration Department
Higher Education                        www.migracija.lt
www.skvc.lt
                                        Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
Science Council of Lithuania            Republic of Lithuania
www.lmt.lt                              www.urm.lt




66
67
Sisukord
Notes




68
66
Notes




        69
        67
Notes




70
Published and compiled by:

Academic Programme Agency (Latvia)
www.apa.lv

Archimedes Foundation (Estonia)
www.archimedes.ee

Educational Exchanges Support Foundation (Lithuania)
www.smpf.lt

© 2009 Academic Programme Agency, Archimedes Foundation,
Educational Exchanges Support Foundation

Copies can be ordered from:

Academic Programme Agency
Blaumaņa iela 22
Rīga, LV-1011, Latvia
Email: apa@apa.lv

Estonian Centre for Educational Programmes
Foundation Archimedes
Koidula 13A, 10125 Tallinn, Estonia
Email: hkk@archimedes.ee

Educational Exchanges Support Foundation
Higher Education Programmes Unit
Geležinio Vilko g. 12, LT-01112 Vilnius, Lithuania
Email: erasmus@smpf.lt



ISBN 978-9985-9936-4-4
This project has been funded
with support from the European
Commission.
This publication reects the views
only of the author, and the
Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which
may be made of the information
contained therein.

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Discover the Baltic states for studies

  • 1. ESTONIA LATVIA LITHUANIA
  • 2. Sisukord Contents Introduction ............................................... 4 Latvia Baltic region in brief .................................. 6 1 . Higher education system .....................36 1.1 Qualifications 37 Estonia 2 . Organization of studies........................39 1 . Higher education................................. 12 2.1 Academic calendar 39 1.1 Academic higher education 12 2.2 Admission procedure 40 1.2 Professional higher education 14 2.3 Tuition fees 40 2 . Organization of studies........................ 15 2.4 Assessment and grading system 42 2.1 Academic calendar 15 2.5 Recognition of Foreign Degrees 2.2 Admission procedures 15 and Diplomas 43 2.3 Tuition fees 18 3 . Scholarships/grants ...........................43 2.4 Assessment and grading system 19 4. Higher education institutions ............. 44 2.5 Recognition 23 5 . Useful links ........................................48 3 . Scholarships/grants ...........................26 4. Higher education institutions ..............29 5 . Useful links ........................................32
  • 3. Lithuania 1 . Higher education system .....................52 2 . Organisation of studies .......................54 2.1 Academic calendar 54 2.2 Admission procedure 54 2.3 Tuition fees 56 2.4 Forms of assesment and grading system 56 2.5 Recognition 57 3 . Scholarships and grants......................57 3.1 Lithuanian national scholarships 57 3.2 Lifelong learning programme/Erasmus 58 3.3 Erasmus Mundus 59 4. Higher education institutions ..............60 5 . Useful links ........................................66
  • 4. Dear reader, The three Baltic countries Estonia, Latvia The Baltic region has a long tradition and Lithuania are rather small countries of providing high-quality education. For and not too many people know about young people it is a vibrant and interna- them. Thus, we are pretty sure we can tional environment with the possibility to surprise you in a really positive way. We make use of the latest developments in welcome all the eager students, who are different study fields which makes the interested in the degree programmes and region an attractive place for living and shorter courses, or would maybe like to studying. visit an enlightening summer school with the combination of brilliant academics Of course, a student’s life is more and fabulous cultural programmes. than just studying. Estonia, Latvia and The Baltic higher education institutions Lithuania being also EU Member States participate actively in different European offer good value for money with its educational programmes, including relatively low tuition and living costs for the EU education and training flagship recognised quality education. After the programme Erasmus. There are several classes young people can wander around national and European support schemes in the medieval streets of the towns, available for international students. attend a concert, enjoy a lively night-life 4
  • 5. in modern clubs and bars or escape into the shores of which we have been living the riches of preserved nature – endless for several thousand years. And yet, we forests, picturesque lakes, long beaches have many interesting things that differ of white sand, tranquillity of country from one country to the other. roads. Come and see, and find out by yourselves! We have a common history and much in We hope you find the information in this common in culture, nature and mentality, brochure helpful. We hope you find your and we share our common Baltic sea, at way to the Baltics! Yours sincerely, Rait Toompere, Alberts Prikulis, Daiva Šutinytė, Director of Estonian Director of Academic Director of Education Centre for Educational Programme Agency, Exchanges Support Programmes Latvia Foundation, Lithuania Foundation Archimedes 5
  • 6. BALTIC REGION IN BRIEF BALTIC REG ION IN BRIEF BALTIC REGION IN BRIEF B BALTIC REGION IN BRIEF BALTIC REGION IN BRIEF BALTIC RE GION IN BRIEF BALTIC REGION IN BRIEF BAL TIC REGION IN BRIE 2
  • 7. HISTORY History HISTORY Politics countries has declared itself to be the HISTORY restoration of the sovereign nations which restored The Baltic States became sovereign After the Baltic States had The Baltic States became sovereign nationsnations in the aftermath of World War I for The Baltic States became sovereign existed already in 1918-1940. nations Baltic States became World War I independence, integration with Western in the aftermath ofaftermathI ofsovereign nations in the The in the World War for the first the first time since the 13th century (Estonia and Latvia) and the 18th century time aftermath time century the for thecentury since the was chosen as the main stra- for the first 13th since (Estonia and time Europe since the 13th first (Lithuania). of World War (Lithuania). POLITICS and were recognised as HISTORY declaredIindependence in 1918 They Latvia) andand Latvia) and the 18th century tegic goal. Membership of NATO was the 18th century (Estoniacentury (Estonia and Latvia) and the 18th century 13th They declared independence 1920. and independentHISTORY in in 1918 countries HISTORY (Lithuania). They declaredindependence in 1918 andon March 29, restored (Lithuania). They declared independ- the in the States had 2004, and acces- were recognised as independent countries After achieved The Baltic States became sovereign nations Baltic in 1920. in recognisedWorld Warshort-lived, however.to the EU tookfollowing May 1, 2004. ence aftermathand as independent countries in 1920. integration with Western were 1918 of were The I for the first time In the 1940, place on as sion recognisedindependence, Independence was relatively became sovereign since June the The Baltic States Baltic States became sovereign main strategic nations in Europe Furthermore, the I December 21, 2007, was chosen as countries pact of in I and first of century on independentaftermath ofinnations1939,for thethe 18th World War the whole 1920. the Molotov-Ribbentrop World War thethe Soviet time since the 13th century (Estonia and Latvia) aftermath Union occupied Independence was was relatively short-lived, however. In of NATO was achieved Independence relatively for andindependence pro-Soviet short-lived, goal. Membership territory ofJuneBaltic States, the first Latvia)Estonia, 18th governmentsthe all the They following installed new, the2004, and accession in EU however.(Lithuania).century (Estonia the timeMarchin 1918 and century Lithuania entered In 13th 1940, declared and on since 29, the Latvia and to and 13th century June 1940, following the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of century three were recognised 1939, the Soviet countries in 1920. 1, and countries. (Lithuania). independent Latvia) and thein (Estonia and independence 18th Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of asThey short-lived, place Schengen2004. Furthermore, Independence was relatively declaredtook the on May1918zone. 1939, the Soviet Union (Lithuania). They declared independence Latvia and occupied the whole territory Union occupiedwerewhole territory of the on December 21,in 1920. however. In the recognised as independent countries 2007, Estonia, June 1940, following the of annexationStates, andinpro-Soviet were recognised as Schengen zone. the Balticinstalled new,installed new, pro-Soviet (re-occupation by the Baltic States, and of the Baltic States lasted from entered the The Independence Lithuania 1944 Molotov-Ribbentropwas relativelyand the All three Baltic States are parliamentary 1918 short-lived, however. In pact of 1939, governments in all three countries. countries in pact of governments in all three countries. invasion) till 1990. 1920. Soviets after the followingwas Molotov-Ribbentrop however. In June 1940, Nazi German relatively short-lived, Independenceindependent All three Baltic States which have unicameral the Soviet Union occupied the whole terri- democracies, are parliamentary 1939, the the of Soviet Union occupied democracies, which have the whole territory The annexationBaltic Baltic States lasted Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of unicameral the June 1940, following thetheir independence toryThe annexation of the Baltic States lasted pro-Sovietshort-elected by the States, Independencenew, parliaments by popular of popular vote. Theofof the Baltic the Sovietand installed fromwhole territory Each vote. In States, installed was andUnion parliaments 1944 three Baltic nations re-declaredoccupiedrelatively in 1990. 1939, from 1944 (re-occupation by the Soviets the elected after (re-occupation bydeclared itselfall installed In Latviafollowing is elected three governmentsBalticSoviets however. Nazinew,Estonia, and Estonia, President is the countriesthe inthe three countries.the June 1940, all States, and the lived, after Latvia German new, pro-Soviet hasinvasion) till 1990. three restoration of the sovereign nations Nazi German of governments in to be In and President pro-Soviet countries. tillalready in 1918-1940. by parliament while Lithuania has awhile Lithuania which existed 1990. invasion) the Molotov-Ribbentrop pactby 1939, elected of parliament semi- The three Baltic nations re-declared their presidential a semi-presidential system and the HISTORY The annexation of the Baltic States lasted from the wholethe President is the Soviet Union occupied 1944and has system independence inBaltic Each of the three The three 1990.the Baltic Statesafter the independence elected by popular vote. nations re-declared electedPresidentvote. by popular their Nazi German The annexation of by the Sovietsof the Baltic States, and (re-occupation territory lasted is CountryBaltic Each of the threeESTONIA nations in the aftermath of World War I for The 1944 (re-occupationsovereign has declared governmentsLITHUANIA from in 1990. States becameinstalled new, pro-Soviet itself to countries by the LATVIA in be the time since the 13th century (Estonia which existed the 18th century restoration of theall three countries. and Latvia) and sovereign nations Capitalfirst the Soviets after the Nazi German invasion) Tallinn Riga Vilnius (Lithuania). They declared independence in 1918 and were recognised as till 1990. Population (2007) 1,340,602 2,270,700 3,369,600 independent countries in 1920. Area 45,227 km2 64,589 km2 65,200 km2 The three Baltic nations re-declared Independence was relatively short-lived, however. In June 1940, following Calling code +372 +371 +370 their Molotov-Ribbentrop pact of 1939, the Soviet Union occupied the whole the independence in 1990. Each of the Internet domain .ee .lv .lt three countriesBaltic States, and installed new, pro-Soviet governments in all territory of the has declared itself to be Currency the restoration of the sovereigncrown three countries. Estonian nations Latvian lat Lithuanian litas €15,310 GDP per existed already in 1918-1940. which capita (2007) €11,826 €10,472 HDI* (2005) 0.860 0.855 0.862 * Human Development Index 7 3
  • 8. Location The Baltic States are situated on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, bordering Russia (Estonia and Latvia) and Byelorussia (Latvia and Lithuania) in the east, Poland and the Kaliningrad region of Russia (Lithuania) in the south. The landscape of the countries is marked by lowland plains and rolling hills, with thousands of rivers and lakes. Most of the countryside is less than 100 metres above sea level. Statistics Country ESTONIA LATVIA LITHUANIA Capital Tallinn Riga Vilnius Population (2007) 1,340,602 2,270,700 3,369,600 Area 45,227 km2 64,589 km2 65,200 km2 Calling code +372 +371 +370 Internet domain .ee .lv .lt Currency Estonian kroon Latvian lat Lithuanian litas GDP per capita (2007) €15,310 €11,826 €10,472 HDI* (2005) 0.860 0.855 0.862 * Human Development Index 8
  • 9. Climate guages make up the group of the Baltic The climate of all three countries can languages which belongs to the Indo- be described as transitional between European language family. The Estonian maritime and continental. Summers language is not an Indo-European are pleasantly mild, whereas not language and instead belongs to the every winter offers an abundance of Baltic-Finnic subgroup of the Finno- snow. Average temperature in July is Ugric languages, sharing close ethnic +17°C, in January –5°C. and historical ties with the Finnish language and people. Languages The languages of the Baltic nations Local time belong to two distinct language fami- Local time is the Eastern European lies. The Latvian and Lithuanian lan- Time (GMT +2 hours, e.g. Helsinki, Budapest and Athens). 9
  • 10. HIGHER EDUCATION IN ESTONIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN ESTONIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN ESTONIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN ESTONIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN ESTONIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN ESTONIA HIGHER EDUCATIOONIA
  • 11. 11
  • 12. 1. Higher education higher education is to increase students’ level of general education, their acquired The Estonian higher education system basic knowledge and skills in the spe- consists of academic and professional cialty necessary for master’s level studies higher education. Higher education is and for commencing work. The nominal provided mainly by universities and pro- length of bachelor’s studies is usually 3 fessional institutions of higher educa- years, and the capacity of studies is 180 tion. Recent trends in higher education credits in the European Credit Transfer implemented in accordance with the and Accumulation System – ECTS. In objective to create a European higher exceptional cases the nominal length education area, have lead to the adop- of bachelor’s-level studies reaches four tion of a higher education system based years (240 ECTS credits). After graduation on two main cycles - undergraduate and from bachelor’s-level programmes, the graduate studies. bachelor’s degree bakalaureusekraad, is awarded. 1.1. Academic higher education After graduation from bachelor’s-level The academic branch of Estonian higherprogrammes, students can continue in the second cycle leading to the Master’s education has two cycles, following the degree magistrikraad. Master’s level bachelor-master model. Bachelor’s level studies form the first cycle, and mas-studies are the studies of the second cycle of higher education in the course of ter’s level studies the second. In some specialties the study programmes have which, knowledge and skills in the speci- ality are acquired, preparing a student for been integrated into a single long cycle. independent work after graduation. The The purpose of the bachelor’s level main purpose of master’s level studies studies of the two-cycle structure of is to educate a specialist with thorough 12
  • 13. professional knowledge. Master’s level ECTS credits, but together with bache- studies in universities are continued lor’s level studies not less than five years studies after bachelor’s level studies, (300 ECTS credits). and a bachelor’s degree or equivalent level of qualification is a prerequisite In addition to the two-cycle general for admission. Persons who hold a pro- structure, the study programmes of fessional higher education diploma can medicine, dentistry, pharmaceutical, veteri- also commence master’s programmes narian, architectural and civil engineering in a university under the conditions and training are single long-cycle studies pursuant to the procedure established with a nominal length of 5 – 6 years and a by the university. The nominal length capacity of 300 – 360 ECTS credits. Such of master’s level studies is 1 – 2 years single long-cycle studies are called in- and the volume of the studies is 60 – 120 tegrated bachelor-master studies based 13
  • 14. on an integrated study programme that contains both basic studies and deep specialisation. The completion of studies provides qualifications that correspond to a master’s level degree. Existing legislation establishes that the master’s level qualification is a prereq- uisite for the commencement of doctoral studies. The nominal length of doctoral studies is 3-4 years after which the post- graduate research degree (doktorikraad) is conferred. 1.2. Professional higher education Professional higher education institu- tions and a small number of vocational education institutions offer non-academic first cycle higher education, rakendus- kõrgharidus, or professional higher education, aimed at providing skills and knowledge required to work in a certain profession or continue one’s studies at the master’s level. Depending of the subject area, the nominal length of first cycle professional higher education studies is 3 – 4 years, and the volume 14
  • 15. of studies is 180 – 240 ECTS credits. lectures, seminars, practical training, Persons who have completed professio- independent work and an examination nal higher education studies are awarded period. Institutions of higher education a diploma called a rakenduskõrghari- operate five days a week for full-time dusõppe diplom. A diploma of profes- studies. sional higher education corresponds to a bakalaureusekraad awarded by 2.2. Admission procedures universities, and graduates are entitled to International students seeking a degree continue studies towards the magistri- from an institution of higher educa- kraad on conditions laid down by the tion in Estonia must usually apply for university council. admission on the same terms as Estonian students. There are general and specific requirements for admission to institu- 2. Organization tions of higher education. The general Of studies requirements are binding on all institu- tions of higher education and concern 2.1. Academic calendar all study programmes. The academic year at institutions of higher education is divided into two Admission to the study programmes is semesters: autumn and spring. The administered by the institution of higher autumn semester usually runs from education, and candidates apply directly the last week of August to December, to the institution of their choice. It is wise with examinations in January. The to contact the respective institution well spring semester lasts from the end of before commencing one’s studies, in January or the beginning of February to order to obtain detailed information on the end of May, but exams can be taken application procedures, accommodation until the middle of June. As a general possibilities and other important facts. rule a semester contains 20 weeks of 15
  • 16. General requirements grammes to facilitate student mobility. Undergraduate students – applicants Further information on conditions and wishing to pursue first cycle higher procedures for application is available at education studies are required to have the student’s home university. completed their secondary or equivalent level education. International applicants Visiting students – visiting students are must be eligible for higher education in international students who plan to study their own country. In a country where the at the host institution for up to one year certificate of completion of secondary at either the graduate or postgraduate school is in itself sufficient for admission level. Further information on conditions to higher education, additional qualifying and procedures for application is avail- examinations may also be required for able at the student’s home university and/ admission to institutions of higher edu- or at the prospective host university. cation in Estonia. Specific requirements Graduate and postgraduate students – Specific requirements depend on the applicants wishing to pursue master’s requirements of the institution of higher level studies are required to have com- education and on the specialisation. pleted the first cycle of higher education, Specific requirements may include and those wishing to pursue doctoral entrance examinations, an interview or studies must have completed master’s minimum marks on the secondary-level level studies. school-leaving certificate. All prospective international students should contact the Exchange students – student exchanges International Relations Office or another take place on the basis of bilateral agree- appropriate office of the higher educa- ments between partner institutions. tion institution of their choice for more There are also different exchange pro- detailed information before mailing their 16
  • 17. application materials. Exchange students and visiting students should also contact the appropriate office at their home university. Language requirements All the applicants need to provide proof of the proficiency in the language of a respective study pro- gramme. Most of the international students apply for the programmes taught in English, but there are also those, who prefer to study in Estonian or Russian languages. The documented proof of proficiency is not required from native-speakers or from the applicants who have completed their previous education in a respective language. In most cases results of internationally ac- cepted foreign language tests are accepted. Some institutions carry out their own language tests and/or interviews. Many universities offer language courses for international students as a pre-study possibility or as part of the study programme. 17
  • 18. 2.3. Tuition fees information on tuition fees is the higher Study costs may include application fees, education institution in which a student tuition fees directly covering the course is interested. Generally the fees vary or programme offered and the purchase from 1280 EUR (20 000 EEK) to 5100 EUR of textbooks and other study materials. (80 000 EEK) per year for English taught Since universities reserve the right to programmes. Some of the more expen- revise fees, study costs may differ from sive specialities are medicine, law, busi- one university to another. In addition to ness administration and social sciences. study costs, students should also take Some higher education institutions may into account living expenses. differentiate tuition fees for students Therefore the most reliable source of from EU and from outside EU. 18
  • 19. Citizens of EU member states are eligible system of credits is a cumulative calcula- to apply for the state-commissioned tion of credit points based on a student’s places on undergraduate and graduate workload. One credit point corresponds level together with the applicants pos- to 40 hours or one study week of studies sessing a diploma from an Estonian edu- performed by a student. A credit point is cational institution to the programmes not related to the lecturing or any other taught in Estonian language. A number workload of a member of the academic of state-commissioned places is avail- staff. The normal workload of an average able for all the doctoral students. student during a full academic year would include forty weeks of studies and entail 40 national credit points. Credit points 2.4. Assessment and grading system are awarded only for successfully com- Credit system pleted courses. Academic progress is measured in credit points (ainepunkt, or AP). The national In the ECTS system of credits the volume 19
  • 20. of one academic year is 60 ECTS credits. two specific questions at the beginning The valid legislation enables parallel of the session, and after preparation, usage of both systems – the national answers the examiner. The examiner system and the ECTS credits. The full may ask additional questions which are transition to the ECTS system of credits required to pass the examination. Oral will be completed by 1 September 2009. examinations usually last longer, from thirty minutes to one hour. In the description of all study programmes the nominal length of studies, the balance Oral examinations are sometimes also of compulsory and optional subjects, the organised such that a small group of stu- number of credits for specific courses dents may answer questions at the same together with a general description of time. In a written examination a group of the content, available majors within the students receive one or several questions study programme and requirements for related to the subject area that must be graduation are determined. thoroughly answered. There may also be written tests that include questions with Tests and exams multiple answers, and the students must All institutions of higher education are select the right answer from the given required to end courses with examina- list. A written examination usually takes tions (eksam) or preliminary examina- from one to two hours. The results of an tions (arvestus). There may be several examination and preliminary examina- independent examinations or tests in tion are given in the form of marks or separate parts of a subject. Usually the may be evaluated as pass (arvestatud) or oral and written examinations are held fail (mitte arvestatud). at the end of each semester during the four-week examination session. In an oral examination a student gets one or 20
  • 21. Grading According to government regulation, all Estonian institutions of higher education use a standardised 6-point scale of grades based on the percentage of aquired knowledge: Grade Description Percentage of expected knowledge and skills 5 or A suurepärane/excellent 91 – 100% 4 or B väga hea/very good 81 – 90% 3 or C hea/good 71 – 80% 2 or D rahuldav/satisfactory 61 – 70% 1 or E kasin/sufficient 51 – 60% 0 or F puudulik/insufficient 0 – 50% Some institutions use letters (A – F) in It is important to emphasise that the assessment, while other have opted for grades awarded according to the Estonian numbers (5 – 0), the principles of grading grading scale are not directly transfer- are still similar regardless of which of able to the ECTS rating scale, regardless these is used. With grades A/5, B/4, C/3, of their striking resemblance. According D/2 and E/1, an examination is consi- to the Estonian national grading scale, dered passed, whereas with grade F an each student’s knowledge and skills are examination is not considered passed. assessed independently, and not in com- The grades with which an examination parison to each other. The ECTS rating is considered passed begin from 51% of scale aims at the evaluation of students’ the acquired volume of the subject, and abilities in relation to other students in the distribution of grades between the the same study group. As the basis for students who pass the examination is assessment is different, the transfer of not determined. grades from one system to another is problematic. 21
  • 22. 22
  • 23. 2.5. Recognition Before making the final decision on what university or study programme to choose, it is important to check whether the institution of higher education and the selected study programme is offi- cially recognised in Estonia. Pursuant to the laws of Estonia, accreditation is not compulsory; it is, however, the only pos- sibility for an institution of higher educa- tion to acquire the right to issue officially recognised documents certifying higher education. Recognition by the Republic of Estonia is the basic requirement for the recognition of studies in the student’s home country. Information about the ac- creditation of higher education institu- tions and their programmes can be found on the databases of Estonian higher education institutions (Õppekavade and- mebaas) on the web site of the Estonian Accreditation Centre. Students wishing to continue their studies in Estonia on the basis of a foreign academic certificate, diploma or 23
  • 24. degree must apply directly to the higher education institution or ENIC/NARIC Centre in Estonia for admission, as well as for recognition of their periods of study. The Estonian ENIC/NARIC belongs to the Council of Europe and UNESCO ENIC (European Network of National Information Centres on Academic Recognition and Mobility) network, and is a member of the European Commission NARIC (National Academic Recognition Information Centres) network. The main activities of the Centre in Estonia are the evaluation of foreign educational qualifications (certificates, diplomas, degrees etc.), and the provision of information on edu- cation systems and recognition. Foreign students who have been awarded a degree by an Estonian education institution but wish to continue studies or start working in either their home or another foreign country must approach the appropriate authority in that country in order 24
  • 25. to evaluate the equivalence of the the home and host institutions. The Estonian credential in a particular educa- Learning Agreement is an informal tion system. contract that indicates precisely what modules and courses a student would Students studying in Estonia in the be studying. At the end of the study framework of the Erasmus programme period abroad, the host university shall do not have to check upon the study pro- provide both the exchange student grammes offered in their host institution, and the sending university a transcript as only institutions with accredited study reporting the results obtained in the programmes are eligible to participate agreed programme of study. in the Erasmus programme. To facilitate the comparability and recognition of Estonian Accreditation Centre acquired credits and grades, students http://www.ekak.archimedes.ee/ are advised to complete a Learning Estonian ENIC/NARIC Centre Agreement to be signed by them and http://www.archimedes.ee/enic/ 25
  • 26. 3. Scholarships/grants New scholarships for international students undergraduate students. have been envisaged for the coming years, and it would be worthwhile consulting our Citizens of EU member states accepted www.studyinestonia.ee portal for the to the state-commissioned student latest news. Most of the scholarships are places (mostly Estonian taught study available for outstanding graduate and programmes) do not have to pay tuition postgraduate students. Thus, some insti- fees and are eligible to receive national tutions provide scholarships also for the grants awarded on the basis of academic 26
  • 27. performance. As of 2008, a similar grant scholarships cover tuition fees, health for doctoral students coming from third insurance, the cost of a residence countries can be applied for through permit and an allowance for living and the Archimedes Foundation, although travel. Only students wishing to pursue it must be emphasised that application their studies at the bachelor’s or mas- must be made by the institution and not ter’s level can benefit from the support the individual student. offered under this scheme, however. Descendants of Estonians living abroad Hundreds of exchange student study in may apply for a student scholarship of Estonia with the support of an Erasmus the compatriots program. Compatriots’ or Erasmus Mundus student grant. In 27
  • 28. the framework of these European Union the international office of the respective programmes, one can study abroad only institution of higher education. as an exchange student. The amount of the scholarship varies considerably, Study in Estonia portal: depending mainly on the length of study http://www.studyinestonia.ee and the student’s home institution or Archimedes Foundation: country. There are currently 24 institu- http://www.archimedes.ee tions of higher education in Estonia that European Commission educational participate in the Erasmus European programmes: Community action programme (see pp. http://ec.europa.eu/education/ 29–31). Every participating higher edu- index_en.html cation institution has its own Erasmus co-ordinator who provides academic Study loans - All the full-time degree information for prospective Erasmus students coming from EU countries are exchange students. able to apply for a study loan. The loan will be granted after the student has Almost all the universities offering been officially enrolled to the institution international degree programmes have of higher education. More details can scholarship schemes for outstanding be obtained from the banks offering the applicants and continuing students. loans. More information can be obtained at 28
  • 29. 4. Higher education institutions* * Institutions participating in the Erasmus programme are marked with (EUC) Public universitites Estonian Academy of Arts (EUC) www.artun.ee Eesti Kunstiakadeemia Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre (EUC) www.ema.edu.ee Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia Estonian University of Life Sciences (EUC) www.emu.ee Eesti Maaülikool Tallinn University (EUC) www.tlu.ee Tallinna Ülikool Tallinn University of Technology (EUC) www.ttu.ee Tallinna Tehnikaülikool University of Tartu (EUC) www.ut.ee Tartu Ülikool Private universities Estonian Business School (EUC) www.ebs.ee Euro University (EUC) www.eurouniv.ee Euroülikool Theological Institute of the Estonian Evangelical www.eelk.ee Lutheran Church (EUC) /EELK Ususteaduste Instituut University Nord (EUC) www.nord.ee Akadeemia Nord 29
  • 30. State professional higher education institutions Estonian Joint Military Educational Institutions www.ksk.edu.ee Kaitseväe Ühendatud Õppeasutused Estonian Maritime Academy (EUC) www.emara.ee Eesti Mereakadeemia Lääne-Viru School of Applied Sciences (EUC) www.lvrkk.ee Lääne-Viru Rakenduskõrgkool Public Service Academy (EUC) www.sisekaitse.ee Sisekaitseakadeemia Tallinn College of Engineering (EUC) www.tktk.ee Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool Tallinn Health College (EUC) www.ttk.ee Tallinna Tervishoiu Kõrgkool Tallinn Pedagogical College (EUC) www.tps.edu.ee Tallinna Pedagoogiline Seminar Tallinn School of Economics (EUC) www.tmk.edu.ee Tallinna Majanduskool Tartu Art College (EUC) www.art.tartu.ee/uuem/web Tartu Kõrgem Kunstikool Estonian Aviation Academy (EUC) www.eava.ee Eesti Lennuakadeemia Tartu School of Health Care (EUC) www.nooruse.ee Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool Võru County Vocational Training Centre (EUC) www.vkhk.ee Võrumaa Kutsehariduskeskus 30
  • 31. Private professional institutions of higher education Estonian Information Technology College (EUC) www.itcollege.ee Eesti Infotehnolooga Kolledž Mainor Business School (EUC) www.mk.ee Mainori Kõrgkool Tallinn Commercial College (EUC) www.tcc.ee Tallinna Kommertskolledž Estonian-American Business Academy www.eabc.edu.ee Eesti-Ameerika Äriakadeemia Baltic Methodist Theological Seminary www.emkts.ee Eesti Metodisti Kiriku Teoloogiline Seminar Tartu Academy of Theology www.teoloogia.ee Tartu Teoloogia Akadeemia Theological Seminary www.kus.tartu.ee EEKBL Kõrgem Usuteaduslik Seminar Institute of Economics and Management www.smjinstituut.ee Majanduse ja Juhtimise Instituut Computer Science College www.iati.ee Arvutikolledž Higher School I Studium www.istudium.ee Kõrgkool I Studium Institute of the Humanities and Social Sciences www.shi.ee Sotsiaal-Humanitaarinstituut 31
  • 32. 5. Useful links Studying in Estonia Student life Study in Estonia portal: Federation of Estonian Student Unions: http://www.studyinestonia.ee http://www.eyl.ee/ Estonian Ministry of Education and Erasmus Student Network: Research: http://www.esn.ee/ http://www.hm.ee/ AIESEC Estonia: Archimedes Foundation: http://www.aiesec.ee/ http://www.archimedes.ee Estonian ISIC web site: European Commission educational http://www.isic.ee/ programmes: http://ec.europa.eu/education/index_ Living in Estonia en.html Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Estonian ENIC/NARIC Centre: http://www.vm.ee http://www.archimedes.ee/enic/ Citizenship and Migration Board: Estonian Accreditation Centre: http://www.mig.ee http://www.ekak.archimedes.ee/ Estonian Tourist Board http://visitestonia.com 32
  • 33. 33
  • 34. HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATVIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATVIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATVIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN lATVIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATVIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATVIA HIGHER EDUCATIOONIA
  • 35. 35
  • 36. 1. Higher education System Latvian education system is structured at four levels: pre-school, basic, (upper) secondary, and higher education. Basic education is compulsory and it lasts nine years, after which pupils can choose to continue their studies in either secon- dary schools or vocational education institutions. Study period varies according to the type of institution: three years in a secondary school or one to three years in a vo- cational education institution. After any of the types of secondary education is completed, students can choose either to enter the labour market or continue their studies at a higher education insti- tution. Graduates of general secondary, professional secondary, and 4-year vocational secondary programmes are eligible for admission into higher educa- tion institutions. The Law on Higher Educational Institutions 36
  • 37. (1995) sets the framework for the higher Second level professional higher education education system in Latvia. The Law programmes lead to Level V professional defines two types of institutions: non- qualifications (the highest professional university (ISCED level 5) and university qualification that ensures planning and (ISCED level 6). Universities and other research skills in the respective branch). institutions of higher education mostly These programmes last at least four run both academic and professional years. programmes. 1.1 Qualifications Academic education programmes last The following qualifications can be three or four years for Bachelor's de- received in state-accredited study pro- gree, one or two years – for Master's grammes provided by higher education degree; scientific activities last three or institutions: four years for Doctoral degree. 1. Academic education leads to Bachelor's Professional higher education is divided and Master's academic degree and into first level (college programmes) and Doctoral scientific degree. second level professional higher educa- 2. Professional higher education leads tion. First level programmes lead to to level IV or level V professional qualifi- Level IV professional qualifications; they cation and professional Bachelor's and are called ‘college programmes’ and Master's degrees. are mainly established to prepare spe- Bachelor's degree gives access to Master cialists for the labour market. College studies and Master's degree or its programmes last two or three years. equivalent – to Doctoral programmes. 37
  • 38. Higher education structure in Latvia First and second cycles Third cycles and futher courses Notional ages/length corresponding Length of studies to full-time studies 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 0 1 2 3 4 5 Medicine, veterinary UNIVERSITĀTE rezidentūra ārsta diploms Pharmacy, dental studies farmaceita/zobārsta diploms UNIVERSITĀTE/ AKADĒMIAJA/ AUGSTSKOLA diploms profesionālais bakalaurs magistrs/magistrs Other programmes diploms bakalaurs profesionālais doktors maġistrs/maġistrs Other programmes profesionālais profesionālais bakalaurs maġistrs/maġistrs Nursing, KOLEDŽA/ other programmes AUGSTSKOLA žas diploms koled ISCED 5A (1st or 2nd programme) ISCED 5B (1st or 2nd programme) ISCED 6 programme Further qualification Selection procedure/limitation of places at institutional level Source: Eurydice, 2008 38
  • 39. 2. Organization of studies Semester Examinations Examination sessions take place at the 2.1. Academic Calendar end of each semester (i.e. in January/ The academic year begins in September February and June-July). Students are and ends in the second half of June or usually given 3–5 days to prepare for in the first half of July. As a general each examination. rule, it comprises 40 weeks of lectures, seminars, and practical work, divided Students are individually tested in each into 2 semesters – autumn and spring. subject, and the total number of ex- In some universities students also have aminations in a semester usually ranges to undergo practical training in the form between four and six. Candidates who fail of an internship during the summer. in a course (semester) examination may be allowed to repeat it in the same ses- sion or later, depending on the institu- Autumn semester tion. In principle, an examination cannot mas be repeated more than twice. If the stu- • Lectures: September to Christ y • Examinations: January/Februar dent fails, he/she has to repeat the study • Vacation: Christmas course. Some institutions allow their students to continue the studies even if Spring semester they have failed in one or two subjects. of • Lectures: February to the end However, the student must pass the May examination before the beginning of the • Examinations: June/July next academic year. ation • Vacation: Easter, summer vac Final Examinations in July, August Final exams are usually arranged as joint examinations covering several subjects relevant to the main field of study. 39
  • 40. 2.2. Admissions procedure gramme. The standards required to pass All higher education institutions require the entrance examinations are aligned a secondary education diploma. Starting with secondary education standards. from 2004, students are enrolled on the basis of the results of centralised exami- 2.3. Tuition fees nations which are passed at secondary The government sets the number of school leaving. However, higher educa- places in Latvian public sector insti- tion institutions may still organize one tutions which are financed from the or several additional entrance examina- state budget, according to the State tions or aptitude tests with an emphasis Procurement in the respective academic on subjects pertinent to the chosen pro- year. Each higher education institution 40
  • 41. may set a tuition fee for the rest of students’ places. All students are entitled to a state credit for their studies in any higher edu- cation programme. Students themselves or other juridical or physical persons pay tuition fees if the place is not fi- nanced from the state budget. On average 75% of students pay for their studies. Two types of loans are available to students: one to cover tuition fees and another for living expenses. Until the end of 2006 working students could not claim scholarships; this restriction is now cancelled, and scholarships are assigned based only on examination grades. Foreigners or non-citizens pay for their education in accordance with the agreement concluded with the respective educational establishment. In cases when foreign citizens study in Latvia under an exchange programme 41
  • 42. and an equivalent number of Latvian are examined by a single examiner or by students study abroad, the foreigners’ an examination board. If the student suc- studies in Latvia are financed from the cessfully passes all examinations in the budget resources of the Republic of examination session, he/she is allowed to continue the studies in the following Latvia allocated to the respective institu- semester. Final examinations are con- tion of higher education. The tuition fee for the citizens of European Union coun-ducted by an examination board chaired tries shall be determined and covered by an academic or a professional from according to the same procedure as for outside the institution. In some cases, the citizens and permanent residents of especially if the programme prepares the Republic of Latvia. the student for work in a regulated pro- fession, the final examinations may be 2.4. Assessment and grading system arranged as State examinations. Latvian Examinations can be written or oral. higher education system uses a ten-point In some fields e.g. medicine, practical grading scale, where 10 is the maximum examinations are important. Students grade and 4 the lowest passing grade. Grade Explanation Approx. ECTS grade 10 Izcili (Outstanding) A 9 Teicami (Excellent) A 8 Ļoti labi (Very good) B 7 Labi (Good) C 6 Gandrīz labi (Almost good) D 5 Viduvēji (Satisfactory) E 4 Gandrīz viduvēji (Almost satisfactory) E/FX 3-1 Negatīvs vērtējums (Unsatisfactory) Fail 42
  • 43. 2.5. Recognition of ments (bilateral, exchange etc.). Several Foreign Degrees and Diplomas institutions offer grant competitions for Information on recognition procedures outstanding achievements in particular is provided by the Academic Information field of study. It is therefore advised to Centre. Address: Brīvības 33, 4th floor,contact respective institution and ask Riga, phone: +371 67225155; about possibilities to apply for scholar- http://www.aic.lv ships/grants. More information about scholarships in 3. Scholarships/grants Latvia for the current academic year: Studies for visiting students in Latvia http://izm.izm.gov.lv/ministry/ are regulated according to the agree- currently/2407.html 43
  • 44. 4. Higher education institutions Daugavpils University www.dau.lvh Daugavpils Universitāte www.lapas.dau.lv/forel University of Latvia www.lu.lv Latvijas Universitāte Riga Technical University www.rtu.lv Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte BA School of Business and Finance www.ba.lv Banku Augstskola Latvian Maritime Academy www.latja.lv Latvijas Jūras akadēmija Latvian Academy of Art www.lma.lv Latvijas Mākslas akadēmija Latvia University of Agriculture www.llu.lv Latvijas Lauksaimniecības universitāte Riga Stradiņš University www.rsu.lv Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte Liepaja University www.lieppa.lv Liepājas Universitāte Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Academy of Music www.music.lv/Academy Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija Latvian Academy of Culture www.lka.edu.lv Latvijas Kultūras akadēmija Police Academy of Latvia www.polak.edu.lv Latvijas Policijas akadēmija 44
  • 45. Latvian Academy of Sports Education www.lspa.lv Latvijas Sporta pedagoģijas akadēmija Stockholm School of Economics in Riga www.sseriga.edu.lv Rīgas Ekonomikas augstskola Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy www.rpiva.lv Rīgas Pedagoģijas un izglītības vadības augstskola Vidzeme University College www.va.lv Vidzemes augstskola School of Business Administration “Turība” www.turiba.lv Biznesa augstskola “Turība” University College of Economics and Culture www.eka.edu.lv Ekonomikas un kultūras augstskola Latvian Christian Academy www.kra.lv Latvijas Kristīgā akadēmija Riga International School of Economics and Business Administration www.rsebaa.lv Rīgas Starptautiskā ekonomikas un biznesa administrācijas augstskola Rezekne Higher Education Institution www.ru.lv Rēzeknes Augstskola Riga Graduate School of Law www.rgsl.edu.lv Rīgas Juridiskā augstskola Ventspils University College www.venta.lv Ventspils Augstskola Baltic International Academy www.bsa.edu.lv Baltijas Starptautiskā akadēmija Information Systems Management Institute ww.isma.lv Informācijas sistēmu menedžmenta augstskola 45
  • 46. Higher School of Psychology www.psy.lv Psiholoģijas augstskola Higher School of Social Work and Social Pedagogics “Attīstība” www.attistiba.lv Sociālā darba un sociālās pedagoģijas augstskola “Attīstība” Transport and Telecommunication Institute www.tsi.lv Transporta un sakaru institūts International Higher school of Practical Psychology www.sppa.lv Starptautiskā praktiskās psiholoģijas augstskola Latvia Bussiness college www.biznesakoledza.lv Latvijas Biznesa koledža Liepaja medical College Phone: +37163442118 Liepājas Medicīnas koledža e-mail: medskola@navigators.lv Riga Building College www.rck.lv Rīgas Celtniecības koledža www.psk.lv Riga Business College www.ruk.lv Rīgas Uzņēmējdarbības koledža SA “Social integration center” College RRC http://siva.gov.lv VA “Sociālās integrācijas centrs” koledža RRC Daugavpils Medical College www.medkol.lv Daugavpils Medicīnas koledža Latvia Culture college www.kulturaskoledza.lv Latvijas Kultūras koledža P. Stradiņš Health and Social Care College ww.psk.lv P. Stradiņa Veselības un sociālās aprūpes koledža Riga Medical College www.rmkoledza.lv Rīgas Medicīnas koledža 46
  • 47. Red Cross Medical College www.redcrossmedicalcollege.lv Sarkanā Krusta medicīnas koledža Riga 1st Medical College www.rmk1.lv Rīgas 1. medicīnas koledža 47
  • 48. 5. Useful links Latvia on the Web Academic Programme Agency (imple- Welcome to Latvia ments EU education programmes) http://www.lv http://www.apa.lv Student Union The Latvian Institute Each higher education institution has http://www.li.lv its own student union that organizes seminars, competitions, festivals, Riga in Your Pocket concerts, job markets, and parties. http://www.inyourpocket.com/latvia/ Almost every University has an active en/ student club. The Latvian Student Union Riga Municipality can be found at: http://www.riga.lv Baznīcas iela 5–20, Rīga, LV-1050 phone: +371 67034673 Countryside Traveller e-mail: lsa@lsa.lv http://www.celotajs.lv www.lsa.lv; http://www.studentnet.lv Ministry of Education and Science http://www.izm.gov.lv State Education Development Agency (implements education programmes financed by EU Structural Funds; Euroguidance) http://www.viaa.gov.lv 48
  • 49. 49
  • 50. HIGHER EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LITHUAN HIGHER EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LITHUAN HIGHER EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA HIGHER EDUCATION IN LITHUAN HIGHER EDUCATIOONIA
  • 51. 51
  • 52. 1. Higher Education System There are two types of higher education the second cycle, when studies of the institutions in Lithuania: universities and first and second cycles are combined in colleges. The Lithuanian higher education succession. institutions are either state or non-state. Non-state higher education institutions Upon the completion of undergraduate can pursue their activities according to a university studies, Bachelor diploma is licence issued by the Government of the awarded, testifying Bachelor’s degree Republic of Lithuania. Higher education or Bachelor’s degree and professional can only be acquired in higher education qualification. institutions. Upon the completion of integrated studies, Non-university studies are under- the Master’s qualification or Master’s graduate (professional Bachelor), qualification and professional qualifica- one-cycle, aimed at acquiring profes- tion, testified by Master’s diploma, is sional Bachelor’s degree and / or the acquired. Sometimes only professional professional qualification, testified by qualification is awarded testified by the the professional Bachelor diploma or higher education diploma. higher education diploma. University studies are organised in three cycles: Upon the completion of graduate first cycle – under-graduate (Bachelor), Master’s studies, Master’s diploma is second cycle – graduate (Master’s awarded, testifying Master’s qualification or specialised professional) and third or Master’s and professional qualifica- cycle – postgraduate (doctoral, residency tion. or postgraduate art). Integrated studies are aimed at acquiring qualification of Specialised professional second cycle 52
  • 53. studies are aimed at acquiring profes- sional qualification in a specific field, tes- tified by the higher education diploma. Postgraduate art studies are the third cycle studies designed for the training of higher education institution art teachers and specialisation of artists. Residency is in the third cycle studies de- signed exclusively for training of specia- lists in the specific study fields (Medicine, Odontology and Veterinary Medicine) in order to follow their individually chosen careers. Lithuania uses its national credit system based on student workload with an average of 1,600 working hours per academic year. One credit corresponds to 40 hours of student work (in classes, laboratories, independent work etc.), or to one working week. There are three modes of studies: full- time daytime, part-time evening and part-time extramural. 53
  • 54. 2. Organisation aminations (one or two weeks), summer holidays – after the spring semester (up of Studies to two months). In summertime some students undertake a practical course 2.1. Academic calendar during which they train working as pro- The academic year is divided into fessionals. two semesters: autumn (beginning in September) and spring (beginning in 2.2. Admission procedure February). Each semester usually covers Admission to all Lithuanian institutions 20 weeks. The last 4 weeks are allotted to of higher education is subject to com- examination sessions. petition. There is a fixed number of ap- plicants admitted to study programmes. Holidays: Christmas holidays from 25 In order to enter the first cycle university December till the beginning of January, studies, a Maturity Certificate (school Easter holidays from five to nine days, leaving certificate) or comparable quali- winter holidays – after the winter ex- fication is required. To be admitted to the 54
  • 55. second cycle university programmes, language of instruction is other than individuals should hold a Bachelor’s Lithuanian, the applicant must pass a degree or equivalent qualification (usu- test to demonstrate his/her proficiency ally in the respective field). In order to in that language. The test is taken at the enter the third cycle university studies, institution offering the programme. As an applicant should have either Master’s a rule of thumb, admission to regular or a corresponding degree in the selected studies is carried out in July. However, study field. A foreign national seeking foreign citizens planning to study in access to studies in Lithuania has to be Lithuania are advised to start the proficient in the language of instruction. application procedure as early as pos- As a rule, the language of instruction sible due to the fact that document is Lithuanian, and the applicant has to recognition and subject equivalence pass the pass/fail test of the Lithuanian identification procedure may take up to language (www.flf.vu/lsk/). In cases of one month and sometimes longer. international programmes, when the 55
  • 56. 2.3. Tuition fees 2.4. Forms of assessment The amount of tuition fees varies from LTL and grading system 3,500 (approx. EUR 1,010) to LTL 12,000 Every course in a subject should be (approx. EUR 3,500) per academic year assessed by one of three means: exami- for undergraduate studies and from LTL nation, graded credit test or credit test 8,500 (approx. EUR 2,500) to LTL 20,000 (pass/fail). (approx. EUR 5,800) per academic year Either of the three can be oral or in for graduate studies depending on the writing. An examination is evaluated by institution and the programme chosen. a mark. A graded credit test is similar Marking system Definition PASS 10 (excellent) Excellent performance, outstanding knowledge and skills 9 (very good) Strong performance, good knowledge and skills 8 (good) Above the average performance, knowledge and skills 7 (highly satisfactory) Average performance, knowledge and skills with inessential shortcomings 6 (satisfactory) Below average performance, knowledge and skills with substantial shortcomings 5 (sufficient) Knowledge and skills meet minimum criteria shortcomings FAIL* 4 (insufficient) 3 (highly insufficient) Knowledge and skills do not meet minimum criteria / below minimum criteria 2 (poor) 1 (very poor) *Failed exams (marks from 1 to 4) must be retaken. 56
  • 57. to an examination, only less time is 3. Scholarships allowed for preparation, and the scope of the material covered is usually much and Grants narrower than in an examination. As for 3.1. Lithuanian national scholarships credit tests, they are either pass or fail, The Ministry of Education and Science and even less time is given for prepara- of the Republic of Lithuania offers the tion. following national scholarships under Only in exceptional cases students bilateral agreements in the field of may choose the means of assessment. culture, science, education and sports: Usually it is unequivocally determined • state scholarships for undergradu- by the curriculum. ate, graduate and postgraduate level Students at institutions of higher educa- students’ 5-10 months’ studies; tion are evaluated on a ten point scale, • state scholarships for researchers’, although actually on a seven point scale, teachers’ short term (1-5 months) because examinations with 1, 2, 3, 4 research or lecturing stays in state points received are considered failing higher education and research insti- and must be retaken. tutions of Lithuania; 2.5. Recognition • state scholarships for participation A foreign citizen must have his/her in language and culture summer education documents organised in schools. Lithuania. The evaluation and recogni- tion procedures of school-leaving certifi- The opportunity is given for advanced cates and higher education qualifications students, researchers and teachers of are provided by the Centre for Quality higher education institutions to enable Assessment in Higher Education (www. them to study or carry out research at a skvc.lt). Lithuanian institution of higher education and science. Applications from students 57
  • 58. and researchers from different fields of Method of application studies or research are welcome. Applicants for the scholarships must be nominated by the authorised All applicants have to be enrolled in co-ordinators in their home country higher education institution in their observing the deadlines, requirements home country (or employment in a higher and quota established in bilateral agree- education and research institution). ments and exchange programmes The scholarships are not intended for More information is available on the a full course of study. Normally, an website: academic degree or diploma cannot be www.smpf.lt/scholarships obtained during the tenure of the scho- larship. 3.2. Lifelong learning Lithuanian (Baltic) Studies programme / Erasmus The Lithuanian (Baltic) studies organised In Lithuania, 48 universities and by higher education and research institu- colleges participate in the Erasmus tions of Lithuania attract foreign students programme which is the vast majority who learn Lithuanian or Baltic philology, of all Lithuanian institutions of higher Indo-European linguistics or Lithuanian education. Hundreds of foreign students literature. These studies may be attrac- come as Erasmus students to Lithuania tive for researchers and lecturers who every year. are interested in the scientific Lithuanian literature, history, culture, ethnography, For more information see also: folklore, political and economic www.smpf.lt/erasmus_en processes in the Baltic region. 58
  • 59. 3.3. Erasmus Mundus Mundus projects as coordinators and Erasmus Mundus is a cooperation and partners. mobility programme, intended to en- hance the quality of higher education in More information is available on the Europe and cooperation throughout the website: world by organising high-quality Masters http://ec.europa.eu/education/ Courses at the European universities. external-relation-programmes/ Lithuanian institutions actively par- doc72_en.htm ticipate in number of various Erasmus 59
  • 60. 4. Higher education institutions* *All institutions of higher education listed below are participating in LLP/Erasmus programme. Universities The General J. Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania www.lka.lt Generolo J. Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija ISM University of Management and Economics www.ism.lt ISM Vadybos ir ekonomikos universitetas Kaunas University of Medicine www.kmu.lt Kauno medicinos universitetas Kaunas University of Technology www.ktu.lt Kauno technologijos universitetas Klaipeda University www.ku.lt Klaipėdos universitetas LCC International University www.lcc.lt LCC tarptautinis universitetas Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education www.lkka.lt Lietuvos kūno kultūros akademija Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre www.lmta.lt Lietuvos muzikos ir teatro akademija Lithuanian Veterinary Academy www.lva.lt Lietuvos veterinarijos akademija 60
  • 61. Universities Lithuanian University of Agriculture www.lzuu.lt Lietuvos žemės ūkio universitetas Mykolas Romeris University www.mruni.eu Mykolo Romerio universitetas Siauliai University www.su.lt Šiaulių universitetas Vilnius Gediminas Technical University www.vgtu.lt Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Vilnius Academy of Fine Arts www.vda.lt Vilniaus dailės akademija Vilnius University www.vu.lt Vilniaus universitetas Vilnius Pedagogical University www.vpu.lt Vilniaus pedagoginis universitetas International Business school at Vilnius University www.tvm.lt Vilniaus universiteto tarptautinio verslo mokykla Vytautas Magnus University www.vdu.lt Vytauto Didžiojo universitetas 61
  • 62. Colleges Alytus College www.akolegija.lt Alytaus kolegija College of Social Sciences www.smk.lt Socialinių mokslų kolegija Kaunas College www.kauko.lt Kauno kolegija Kaunas College of Forestry and Environmental Enginnering www.kmaik.lm.lt Kauno miškų ir aplinkos inžinerijos kolegija Kaunas Technical College www.ktk.lt Kauno technikos kolegija Klaipeda College www.klk.lt Klaipėdos kolegija Klaipeda Business and Technology College www.klvtk.lt Klaipėdos verslo ir technologijų kolegija Klaipėda Business College www.klvk.lt Klaipėdos verslo kolegija Kolping College www.kolegija.kolping.lt Kolpingo kolegija Lithuanian Maritime Academy www.lmc.lt Lietuvos aukštoji jūreivystės mokykla 62
  • 63. Colleges Marijampole College www.marko.lt Marijampolės kolegija Panevezys College www.panko.lt Panevėžio kolegija Siauliai College www.siauliukolegija.lt Šiaulių kolegija College of Management, Law and Languages in Siauliai Region www.kolegija.com Šiaulių krašto vadybos, teisės ir kalbų kolegija Northern Lithuania College www.slk.lt Šiaurės Lietuvos kolegija Zemaitijos College www.zemko.lt Žemaitijos kolegija Utena College www.utenos-kolegija.lt Utenos kolegija West Lithuanian Business College www.vlvk.lt Vakarų Lietuvos verslo kolegija Vilnius College www.viko.lt Vilniaus kolegija Vilnius Co-operative College www.vkk.lt Vilniaus kooperacijos kolegija 63
  • 64. Colleges Vilnius College of Construction and Design www.vtdko.lt Vilniaus technologijų ir dizaino kolegija Vilnius Law and Business College Vilniaus teisės ir verslo kolegija www.vtvk.lt Vilnius Management College Vilniaus vadybos aukštoji mokykla www.vva.lt Vilnius Business College Vilniaus verslo kolegija www.kolegija.lt V.A. Graičiūnas school of Management www.avm.lt V.A. Graičiūno aukštoji vadybos mokykla 64
  • 65. Scientific Institutes participating in LLP/Erasmus programme Institute of Mathematics and Informatics www.mii.lt Matematikos ir informatikos institutas Semiconductor Physics Institute www.pfi.lt Puslaidininkių fizikos institutas 65
  • 66. 5. Useful links Student life Lithuanian National Union of Students Studying in Lithuania www.lss.lt Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Lithuania Lithuanian National Union of Students www.smm.lt Representations www.lsas.lt Educational Exchanges Support Foundation ISIC Lithuania www.smpf.lt www.isic.lt Lithuanian State Science and Studies Living in Lithuania Foundation Lithuanian Central Internet Gates www.vmsfondas.lt www.lithuania.lt Centre for Quality Assessment in Migration Department Higher Education www.migracija.lt www.skvc.lt Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Science Council of Lithuania Republic of Lithuania www.lmt.lt www.urm.lt 66
  • 67. 67
  • 69. Notes 69 67
  • 71. Published and compiled by: Academic Programme Agency (Latvia) www.apa.lv Archimedes Foundation (Estonia) www.archimedes.ee Educational Exchanges Support Foundation (Lithuania) www.smpf.lt © 2009 Academic Programme Agency, Archimedes Foundation, Educational Exchanges Support Foundation Copies can be ordered from: Academic Programme Agency Blaumaņa iela 22 Rīga, LV-1011, Latvia Email: apa@apa.lv Estonian Centre for Educational Programmes Foundation Archimedes Koidula 13A, 10125 Tallinn, Estonia Email: hkk@archimedes.ee Educational Exchanges Support Foundation Higher Education Programmes Unit Geležinio Vilko g. 12, LT-01112 Vilnius, Lithuania Email: erasmus@smpf.lt ISBN 978-9985-9936-4-4
  • 72. This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.