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(still) the next step for
Information Architects?
       Peter Boersma - April 8, 2011
Peter in 5 minutes
640



      480
Peter in 5 minutes
5 years ago, at Italian IA Summit
Peter
Buon giorno! Mi chiamo Peter




  Peter
Hello! Nazywam się Piotr




Piotr
one of the many Peters in IA
UX: the next step for IAs?



1. What is Information Architecture (IA)?
2. What is User Experience (UX)?
3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
In the beginning, there was Little IA




                IA
                 IA
Little IA
“At one end of the spectrum, the little information architect
may focus solely on bottom-up tasks, such as the definition
of metadata fields and controlled vocabularies.”
Peter Morville, Big Architect, Little Architect, http://argus-acia.com/strange_connections/strange004.html




   Library & Information Science (LIS)
   structure, storage and use
   indexing, retrieval and search
   metadata, labeling and display
   data ➔ information ➔ knowledge
   deliverables: rules for ranking, content inventories,
   card sorts, controlled vocabularies, sitemaps.
and then, IAs discovered other fields

   Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information
 Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting,
 Marketing & Communications, Computer Science




                       IA
and discovered overlap

  Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information
Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting,
Marketing & Communications, Computer Science
                      overlap




                      IA
some tried to “solve” it this way

  Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information
Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting,
Marketing & Communications, Computer Science




                BIG IA
BIG IA
“At the other end [of the spectrum], the Big Information
Architect may play the role of an orchestra conductor or film
director, conceiving a vision and moving the team forward”
Peter Morville, Big Architect, Little Architect, http://argus-acia.com/strange_connections/strange004.html




   combining many fields and backgrounds
   concept design
   online information strategy
   enterprise information architecture
   deliverables: concept maps, storyboards, scenarios,
   personas, use cases, wireframes, templates,
   usability tests, styleguides, roadmaps, metrics, etc.
I donʼt agree

  Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information
Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting,
Marketing & Communications, Computer Science




                BIG IA
some skills are unique to IA


other fields                      other fields




                   IA
              search, metadata
                  thesauri
some skills we share with others


other fields                         other fields
              navigation, labels,
               content, flows


                    IA
but I do believe IA is bigger


other fields                other fields




               IA
because there are other aspects
               selling, managing,
              process, team, ROI

other fields                         other fields




                    IA
Business IA
“The exercise of designing an information architecture –
learning or defining what an organization is, what it wants to
communicate and to whom, and what its business model is –
is ultimately about strategy.”
Lou Rosenfeld,The Tail Wags The Dog, http://www.ddj.com/documents/s=3257/nam1012432633/index.html




   consultancy skills
   business insight
   deliverables: business model, ROI calculations,
   target audience, usage scenarios, workflow, roles,
   design process, metrics, etc.
so, this is my T-model for IA
              business IA


other fields                 other fields
              shallow IA



                IA
               deep IA
UX: the next step for IAs?



1. What is Information Architecture (IA)?
2. What is User Experience (UX)?
3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
other fields have T-models too
               business IA


 other fields                 other fields


               shallow IA

IxD              IA           usabili
                deep IA
all of them!




   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
and I believe the overlap is



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
User Experience
“User Experience encompasses all aspects of the end-user's
[online] interaction with the company, its services, and its
products.”
Nielsen Norman Group, User Experience - Our Definition, http://www.nngroup.com/about/userexperience.html




 merging of multiple disciplines, including engineering,
marketing, graphical and industrial design, and interface
design
 meet the needs of the customer
 strive for simplicity and elegance
 go beyond giving customers what they say they want
 produce products that are a joy to own, a joy to use
UX: the next step for IAs?



1. What is Information Architecture (IA)?
2. What is User Experience (UX)?
3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
user experience is mostly other fields



      user experience
   Vis Info                   Mar
ID          IxD     Usab Copy     CS
   D D                        Com
raise your hand if you are:




   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
but does your diploma say IA?




   Vis Info                     Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   ?   Usab Copy
                                Com
                                    CS
we all come from different fields



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
and we are all moving around



      user experience

IxD           IA         usabili
we all have our own T-shape
          business


 user experience
           shallow


            deep
we are all UX practitioners!
           business


 user experience
           shallow


            deep
UX: the next step for IAs?



1. What is Information Architecture (IA)?
2. What is User Experience (UX)?
3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
3. What are the next steps for IAs?
What are the next steps for IA?



1. Insight into overlap with other fields
2. A definition of the field
3. T-shaped education and experience
4. Worldwide representation
insight in overlap with other fields



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
overlap with other fields
              business IA


other fields   guerilla IA   other fields

              shallow IA



                IA
               deep IA
iv
V ! a
    Guerilla IA




   A
+                 =
Guerilla IA
“Guerrilla IA is a set of simplified IA methods that can be a
way for a company to gradually build up its reliance on
systematic IA methods, starting with the bare minimum and
gradually progressing to a more refined lifecycle approach.”
Adapted from Jakob Nielsen’s, Guerrilla HCI: Using Discount Usability Engineering to Penetrate the Intimidation
Barrier, http://www.useit.com/papers/guerrilla_hci.html



   Focus on shallow skills
   Card sorting tools, content inventory templates
   Navigation & search patterns, evaluation criteria
   Standardized methods & documentation templates
   Success stories, cost-benefit examples
What are the next steps for IA?



1. Insight into overlap with other fields
2. A definition of the field
3. T-shaped education and experience
4. Worldwide representation
a definition of IA (okay, mine)
                       business process,
                 selling, managing,
                                    IA
                         team, ROI
                       guerilla IA
                    simplified methods
other fields                                       other fields
                      shallow IA
              navigation, labels, content, flows




                          IA
                        deep IA
                 search, metadata, thesauri
What are the next steps for IA?



1. Insight into overlap with other fields
2. A definition of the field
3. T-shaped education and experience
4. Worldwide representation
T-shaped education and experience
            business IA


     user experience
             shallow IA

               IA
              deep IA
T-shaped education and experience
            business IA


     user experience
             shallow IA

               IA
              deep IA
http://www.iainstitute.org
T-shaped education and experience
            business IA


     user experience
             shallow IA

               IA
              deep IA
more
                              elements of
                            user experience
                             real-world design deliverables




peter boersma
         http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
Business

                                these
                            influence the
   Manage                  User Experience                         Strategy
                                 too!

                                   Process

Evaluation                      typical                           Research
                             User-Centered
                                Design


                                    Design
http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
Pitch                                                        Estimate
                                            Business
        Optimize                                                                         Scenarios

  Beta                                                                                          Position
                                                  Roles

            Manage                                                          Strategy
                                    Steps                  Service Design
Scope                                                                                             Competition

                                            Process
Test                                                                                               Interviews
                                   Review                  Requirements

         Evaluation                                                         Research
                                               Roadmap

                                                                                            Personas
  Prototype


                                             Design                                  Sketch

                 Detailed Design                                 Concept
         http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
Pitch                                                        Estimate
                                            Business
        Optimize                                                                         Scenarios

  Beta                                                                                          Position
                                                  Roles

            Manage                                                          Strategy
                                    Steps                  Service Design
Scope                                                                                             Competition

                                            Process
Test                                                                                               Interviews
                                   Review                  Requirements

         Evaluation                                                         Research
                                               Roadmap




         http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
What are the next steps for IA?



1. Insight into overlap with other fields
2. A definition of the field
3. T-shaped education and experience
4. Worldwide representation
worldwide-to-local organizations
we need Peters everywhere!
Who is the Italian Peter?




Pietro              (m/f)
Who is the Italian Peter?




    Andrea Resmini
5 years ago, at Italian IA Summit
2011, Polish IA Summit
what is the situation in 2011?



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
what is the situation in 2011?



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
Information Architecture in 2011
events:




orgs:




mags:
http://www.iasummit.org
http://www.euroia.org
Prague
Czech Republic
http://www.iasummit.it
http://www.iakonferenz.org
Munich
Germany
Information Architecture in 2011
events:




orgs:




mags:
worldwide-to-local organizations




           http://www.iainstitute.org
Everything else in 2011




       http://www.iainstitute.org
http://www.iainstitute.org
Information Architecture in 2011
events:




orgs:




mags:
http://www.boxesandarrows.com
what is the situation in 2011?



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
Other fields in 2011
other organizations:
Everything else in 2011




       http://www.sigchi.org
Everything else in 2011




       http://www.sigchi.org
Everything else in 2011
others: IxDA, SIGCHI, UPA, HFES, AIGA, STC, DMI, Service Design
Network




                        http://www.upassoc.org
IxDA in Europe
IxDA in Poland




                 http://www.ixda.org
what is the situation in 2011?



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
User Experience in 2011
events:




orgs:
User Experience in 2011
events:




orgs:
http://www.uxnet.org
User Experience in 2011
mags:



groups:




cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam

books:
User Experience in 2011
mags:



groups:




cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam

books:
User Experience in 2011
mags:



groups:




cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam

books:
http://berliniacocktailhour.blogspot.com
http://ux-paris.com
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/UXCocktailHoursAmsterdam/
http://www.meetup.com/
User Experience in 2011
mags:



groups:




cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam

books:
http://blog.semanticfoundry.com/2010/08/25/the-ux-canon-essential-reading-for-the-user-experience-designer/
we have Peters in many places
What are the next steps for IA?



1. Insight into overlap with other fields
2. A definition of the field
3. T-shaped education and experience
4. Worldwide representation (for UX)
all of us are UX practitioners!



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
“I am a UX practitioner!”



      user experience
   Vis Info                      Mar
ID
   D D
            IxD   IA   Usab Copy
                                 Com
                                     CS
Information Architects
 are UX practitioners!
      Peter Boersma - April 8, 2011

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UX: (still) the next step for Information Architects

  • 1. (still) the next step for Information Architects? Peter Boersma - April 8, 2011
  • 2. Peter in 5 minutes
  • 3.
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  • 8. 640 480
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  • 22. Peter in 5 minutes
  • 23.
  • 24. 5 years ago, at Italian IA Summit
  • 25. Peter
  • 26. Buon giorno! Mi chiamo Peter Peter
  • 27. Hello! Nazywam się Piotr Piotr
  • 28. one of the many Peters in IA
  • 29. UX: the next step for IAs? 1. What is Information Architecture (IA)? 2. What is User Experience (UX)? 3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
  • 30. In the beginning, there was Little IA IA IA
  • 31.
  • 32. Little IA “At one end of the spectrum, the little information architect may focus solely on bottom-up tasks, such as the definition of metadata fields and controlled vocabularies.” Peter Morville, Big Architect, Little Architect, http://argus-acia.com/strange_connections/strange004.html Library & Information Science (LIS) structure, storage and use indexing, retrieval and search metadata, labeling and display data ➔ information ➔ knowledge deliverables: rules for ranking, content inventories, card sorts, controlled vocabularies, sitemaps.
  • 33. and then, IAs discovered other fields Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting, Marketing & Communications, Computer Science IA
  • 34. and discovered overlap Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting, Marketing & Communications, Computer Science overlap IA
  • 35. some tried to “solve” it this way Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting, Marketing & Communications, Computer Science BIG IA
  • 36. BIG IA “At the other end [of the spectrum], the Big Information Architect may play the role of an orchestra conductor or film director, conceiving a vision and moving the team forward” Peter Morville, Big Architect, Little Architect, http://argus-acia.com/strange_connections/strange004.html combining many fields and backgrounds concept design online information strategy enterprise information architecture deliverables: concept maps, storyboards, scenarios, personas, use cases, wireframes, templates, usability tests, styleguides, roadmaps, metrics, etc.
  • 37. I donʼt agree Industrial Design,Visual Design, Information Design, Interaction Design, Usability, Copywriting, Marketing & Communications, Computer Science BIG IA
  • 38. some skills are unique to IA other fields other fields IA search, metadata thesauri
  • 39. some skills we share with others other fields other fields navigation, labels, content, flows IA
  • 40. but I do believe IA is bigger other fields other fields IA
  • 41. because there are other aspects selling, managing, process, team, ROI other fields other fields IA
  • 42.
  • 43. Business IA “The exercise of designing an information architecture – learning or defining what an organization is, what it wants to communicate and to whom, and what its business model is – is ultimately about strategy.” Lou Rosenfeld,The Tail Wags The Dog, http://www.ddj.com/documents/s=3257/nam1012432633/index.html consultancy skills business insight deliverables: business model, ROI calculations, target audience, usage scenarios, workflow, roles, design process, metrics, etc.
  • 44. so, this is my T-model for IA business IA other fields other fields shallow IA IA deep IA
  • 45. UX: the next step for IAs? 1. What is Information Architecture (IA)? 2. What is User Experience (UX)? 3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
  • 46. other fields have T-models too business IA other fields other fields shallow IA IxD IA usabili deep IA
  • 47. all of them! Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 48. and I believe the overlap is user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 49.
  • 50. User Experience “User Experience encompasses all aspects of the end-user's [online] interaction with the company, its services, and its products.” Nielsen Norman Group, User Experience - Our Definition, http://www.nngroup.com/about/userexperience.html merging of multiple disciplines, including engineering, marketing, graphical and industrial design, and interface design meet the needs of the customer strive for simplicity and elegance go beyond giving customers what they say they want produce products that are a joy to own, a joy to use
  • 51. UX: the next step for IAs? 1. What is Information Architecture (IA)? 2. What is User Experience (UX)? 3. Is UX the next step for IAs?
  • 52. user experience is mostly other fields user experience Vis Info Mar ID IxD Usab Copy CS D D Com
  • 53. raise your hand if you are: Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 54. but does your diploma say IA? Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD ? Usab Copy Com CS
  • 55. we all come from different fields user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 56. and we are all moving around user experience IxD IA usabili
  • 57. we all have our own T-shape business user experience shallow deep
  • 58. we are all UX practitioners! business user experience shallow deep
  • 59. UX: the next step for IAs? 1. What is Information Architecture (IA)? 2. What is User Experience (UX)? 3. Is UX the next step for IAs? 3. What are the next steps for IAs?
  • 60. What are the next steps for IA? 1. Insight into overlap with other fields 2. A definition of the field 3. T-shaped education and experience 4. Worldwide representation
  • 61. insight in overlap with other fields user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 62. overlap with other fields business IA other fields guerilla IA other fields shallow IA IA deep IA
  • 63. iv V ! a Guerilla IA A + =
  • 64. Guerilla IA “Guerrilla IA is a set of simplified IA methods that can be a way for a company to gradually build up its reliance on systematic IA methods, starting with the bare minimum and gradually progressing to a more refined lifecycle approach.” Adapted from Jakob Nielsen’s, Guerrilla HCI: Using Discount Usability Engineering to Penetrate the Intimidation Barrier, http://www.useit.com/papers/guerrilla_hci.html Focus on shallow skills Card sorting tools, content inventory templates Navigation & search patterns, evaluation criteria Standardized methods & documentation templates Success stories, cost-benefit examples
  • 65. What are the next steps for IA? 1. Insight into overlap with other fields 2. A definition of the field 3. T-shaped education and experience 4. Worldwide representation
  • 66. a definition of IA (okay, mine) business process, selling, managing, IA team, ROI guerilla IA simplified methods other fields other fields shallow IA navigation, labels, content, flows IA deep IA search, metadata, thesauri
  • 67. What are the next steps for IA? 1. Insight into overlap with other fields 2. A definition of the field 3. T-shaped education and experience 4. Worldwide representation
  • 68. T-shaped education and experience business IA user experience shallow IA IA deep IA
  • 69.
  • 70. T-shaped education and experience business IA user experience shallow IA IA deep IA
  • 72. T-shaped education and experience business IA user experience shallow IA IA deep IA
  • 73. more elements of user experience real-world design deliverables peter boersma http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
  • 74. Business these influence the Manage User Experience Strategy too! Process Evaluation typical Research User-Centered Design Design http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
  • 75. Pitch Estimate Business Optimize Scenarios Beta Position Roles Manage Strategy Steps Service Design Scope Competition Process Test Interviews Review Requirements Evaluation Research Roadmap Personas Prototype Design Sketch Detailed Design Concept http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
  • 76. Pitch Estimate Business Optimize Scenarios Beta Position Roles Manage Strategy Steps Service Design Scope Competition Process Test Interviews Review Requirements Evaluation Research Roadmap http://www.slideshare.net/pboersma/more-elements-of-ux-realworld-design-deliverables
  • 77. What are the next steps for IA? 1. Insight into overlap with other fields 2. A definition of the field 3. T-shaped education and experience 4. Worldwide representation
  • 79. we need Peters everywhere!
  • 80. Who is the Italian Peter? Pietro (m/f)
  • 81. Who is the Italian Peter? Andrea Resmini
  • 82. 5 years ago, at Italian IA Summit
  • 83. 2011, Polish IA Summit
  • 84. what is the situation in 2011? user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 85. what is the situation in 2011? user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 86. Information Architecture in 2011 events: orgs: mags:
  • 93.
  • 94. Information Architecture in 2011 events: orgs: mags:
  • 95. worldwide-to-local organizations http://www.iainstitute.org
  • 96. Everything else in 2011 http://www.iainstitute.org
  • 98. Information Architecture in 2011 events: orgs: mags:
  • 100. what is the situation in 2011? user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 101. Other fields in 2011 other organizations:
  • 102. Everything else in 2011 http://www.sigchi.org
  • 103. Everything else in 2011 http://www.sigchi.org
  • 104. Everything else in 2011 others: IxDA, SIGCHI, UPA, HFES, AIGA, STC, DMI, Service Design Network http://www.upassoc.org
  • 106. IxDA in Poland http://www.ixda.org
  • 107. what is the situation in 2011? user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 108. User Experience in 2011 events: orgs:
  • 109. User Experience in 2011 events: orgs:
  • 111. User Experience in 2011 mags: groups: cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam books:
  • 112. User Experience in 2011 mags: groups: cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam books:
  • 113. User Experience in 2011 mags: groups: cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam books:
  • 118. User Experience in 2011 mags: groups: cocktails: Berlin / Paris / Amsterdam books:
  • 120.
  • 121.
  • 122.
  • 123.
  • 124.
  • 125. we have Peters in many places
  • 126. What are the next steps for IA? 1. Insight into overlap with other fields 2. A definition of the field 3. T-shaped education and experience 4. Worldwide representation (for UX)
  • 127. all of us are UX practitioners! user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 128. “I am a UX practitioner!” user experience Vis Info Mar ID D D IxD IA Usab Copy Com CS
  • 129. Information Architects are UX practitioners! Peter Boersma - April 8, 2011