electronics and communication engineering

1. Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of
Science and Technology
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Submitted by – Chitrak Ambasta
Roll Number - 21001003038
Summer Training Presentation
Submitted to – Dr. Rajni
(Teacher coordinator)

2. AN
INTRODUCTION
TO POWER BI

3. WHAT IS POWER BI?
Power BI is a powerful business
intelligence tool developed by
Microsoft. It allows users to visualize
an analyze data from various sources
providing valuable insights for decision
making.

4. K E Y FEATURES OF POWER BI
Data to various sources
visualizations and reports
data updates
and sharing capabilities

5. BENEFITS O F POWER BI
Enhanced
Improved
Increased
decision-making
capabilities
and insights
and efficiency

6. USE CASES
Power BI can be used in various industries
and scenarios, such as:
Sales and Marketing
Finance and Accounting
Operations and Supply Chain
Human Resources

7. your data before
importing
Use for your data
for deeper insights
your reports
BEST PRACTICES

8. Introduction
to
MS-Excel

9. UNDERSTANDING SPREADSHEETS
Spreadsheets are digital grids that serve as
powerful tools for organizing, analyzing, and
manipulating data. Each cell in a spreadsheet
can contain text, numbers, or formulas,
allowing you to perform calculations and
create structured data sets. Spreadsheets are
essential in various fields, from business and
finance to science and education, simplifying
complex tasks and facilitating data-driven
decision-making. Understanding
spreadsheets is a fundamental skill for
anyone looking to manage and make sense
of information efficiently.

10. WORKING WITH FORMULAS
Formulas are used to perform calculations
on data in your spreadsheets. To create a
formula, start a cell with an equals sign (=)
and then use mathematical operators (+, -,
*, /) and references to other cells or values.
Excel provides a wide range of functions for
various calculations, such as SUM,
AVERAGE, and IF. Once a formula is
entered, hitting Enter calculates the result
and displays it in the cell. Excel updates the
result automatically whenever the input data
changes, making it a dynamic and efficient
tool for data analysis and manipulation.

11. DATA ANALYSIS WITH EXC EL
Excel offers a wide range of tools and
functions to help you organize, summarize,
and visualize data. You can create pivot
tables to quickly aggregate data, use
charts and graphs for visual insights, and
employ functions like SUM, AVERAGE,
and VLOOKUP to perform calculations and
find patterns. Excel's ability to handle large
datasets and its user-friendly interface
make it a popular choice for data analysts,
enabling them to make informed decisions
and draw meaningful conclusions from
their data.

12. DATA VISUALIZATION
Data visualization with Microsoft Excel is a
straightforward yet powerful way to transform
raw data into clear and insightful visuals.
Excel provides a variety of chart types, such
as bar graphs, pie charts, and scatter plots,
that allow you to represent data visually. You
can easily create these charts by selecting
your data and choosing the desired chart type.
Excel's customization options let you fine-tune
the appearance of your charts, making it an
effective tool for conveying complex
information in a visually appealing and
understandable manner.

13. CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
Conditional formatting in Microsoft Excel is a
feature that allows you to automatically format
cells based on specific criteria or rules. With
conditional formatting, you can highlight data
that meets certain conditions, making it easier to
spot trends and outliers in your spreadsheet.
This feature helps users identify patterns, errors,
or important information by applying various
formatting options, such as colors, data bars, or
icon sets, to cells that meet the specified
conditions. Conditional formatting enhances data
visualization and simplifies the interpretation of
complex datasets.

14. DATA VALIDATION
.
Data validation in Microsoft Excel is a feature that
enables you to control the type and format of data
that can be entered into a cell. By setting
validation rules, you can ensure that your data is
accurate and consistent. Excel allows you to
define criteria like numeric limits, date ranges, or
specific text entries for a cell. If a user attempts to
enter data that doesn't meet these criteria, Excel
can display an error message and prevent the
input. Data validation is a valuable tool for
maintaining data integrity and minimizing errors
in your spreadsheets.

15. DATA MANIPULATION TECHNIQUES
Data manipulation in Microsoft Excel involves
various techniques for transforming and
processing data to extract meaningful insights.
Some common techniques include sorting and
filtering to organize data, using functions and
formulas for calculations, pivot tables for
summarizing data, and text functions for
cleaning and restructuring text-based
information. Excel's data manipulation
capabilities make it a versatile tool for tasks like
data cleansing, merging datasets, and
performing complex analyses, helping users
harness the full potential of their data.

16. DATA ANALYSIS
WITH P Y TH O N
PANDAS

17. INTRODUCTION
Data analysis with Python Pandas is a powerful and
widely-used approach to handle and manipulate data.
Pandas is a library that provides easy-to-use data
structures and functions for data manipulation, cleaning,
and exploration. With Pandas, you can import data from
various sources, filter, aggregate, and transform it, and
perform statistical operations and analysis. Its flexibility
and versatility make Pandas an essential tool for data
scientists, analysts, and researchers, allowing them to
efficiently work with data and uncover valuable insights.

18. is an open-source data analysis and
manipulation library for Python.
Provides high-performance, easy-to-use data
structures
Offers data cleaning, transformation, and
analysis capabilities
Efficiently handles structured and tabular data
Supports various data formats (CSV, Excel, SQL,
etc.)
Pandas empowers analysts and data scientists
to extract valuable insights from data.
WHAT IS PANDAS?

19. Pandas offers several for data analysis:
: Series and DataFrame for efficient
data handling
: Handling missing values, data
imputation, and outliers
: Filtering, sorting, grouping,
and merging
: Descriptive statistics, data
visualization, and correlation analysis
K E Y FEATURES O F PANDAS

20. GETTING STARTED WITH PANDAS
To get started with Pandas:
Install Pandas using pip install pandas
Import Pandas in your Python script or notebook
Load your data into a Pandas DataFrame
Explore and analyze your data using Pandas
functions

21. DATA LOADING AND INSPECTION
Pandas provides various functions to load and
inspect data:
read_csv(): Load data from a CSV file
read_excel(): Load data from an Excel file
head(): View the first few rows of the
DataFrame
info(): Get summary information about the
DataFrame

22. Pandas offers powerful tools for data
cleaning and preprocessing:
: dropna(),
fillna(), and interpolate()
:
drop_duplicates()
: Statistical methods and
visualizations
DATA C L E A N I N G A ND PREPROCESSING

23. DATA TRANSFORMATION AND MANIPULATION
Pandas enables seamless data transformation
and manipulation:
: Select rows based on conditions
: Sort DataFrame by one or more
columns
: Group data based on categorical
variables
: Combine multiple
DataFrames

24. DATA EXPLORATION A N D ANALYSIS
Pandas provides rich functionality for data
exploration and analysis:
: describe(), mean(),
median(), etc.
: Line plots, bar plots,
histograms, etc.
: corr(), heatmaps,
scatter plots, etc.

25. Pandas offers advanced techniques for data
analysis:
: Resampling, shifting,
and rolling window calculations
: Encoding,
dummy variables, and pivot tables
: Regression,
hypothesis testing, and ANOVA
Take your data analysis skills to the next level
with Pandas' advanced functionalities!
ADVANCED DATA ANALYSIS WITH PANDAS

26. DATA VISUALIZATION WITH PANDAS
Pandas integrates with popular data
visualization libraries:
: Create static and interactive
visualizations
: Stylish statistical visualizations
: Interactive and web-based
visualizations

27. TOTAL COLUMN O Z O N E
AND WATER VAPOR
ANALYSIS WITH POWER
BI, MS EXCEL, AND
PYTHON

28. INTRODUCTION
The ozone layer, a crucial shield against
harmful UV radiation, is vital for life on Earth.
Every year, from September to October, a
depletion known as the "ozone hole" occurs
over Antarctica due to ozone-depleting
substances like CFCs. Fortunately, the
Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987, has
successfully curbed these substances, leading
to the ozone hole's gradual reduction. This
report explores the changes in Antarctic
ozone and water vapor levels from 2016 to
2022 and the factors driving these shifts.

29. ANTARCTIC CLIMATE OVERVIEW
Antarctic climate is characterized by extreme
cold, with temperatures often reaching as low as -
80°C (-112°F) in the interior. It's one of the driest
and windiest places on Earth, with strong
katabatic winds and minimal precipitation. The
continent experiences long polar nights and
equally extended daylight during the summer
months. Antarctica's climate plays a crucial role in
regulating global weather patterns, and its ice
sheets hold a vast majority of the world's
freshwater resources, making it a focus of climate
research and conservation efforts.

30. TOTAL C O L U M N O Z O N E
Total column ozone refers to the amount of ozone gas
present in a vertical column of the Earth's atmosphere,
typically measured in Dobson Units (DU). This measurement
provides a valuable indicator of the ozone layer's thickness
and concentration. It is critical in monitoring ozone
depletion, especially in regions like the Antarctic, where the
ozone hole forms. Understanding changes in total column
ozone is essential for assessing the health of the ozone layer
and its impact on protecting life on Earth from harmful
ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

31. WATER VAPOR IN ANTARCTICA
Water vapor in Antarctica is relatively scarce due to the
continent's extreme cold and dry conditions. The frigid
temperatures lead to very low atmospheric moisture
content, resulting in limited water vapor. Precipitation
is infrequent and typically occurs in the form of snow.
Antarctica's low water vapor levels contribute to its
unique climate and the formation of the vast polar ice
sheets, making it one of the driest and coldest places
on Earth

32. DATA CO LLE CT I O N
The data of total column ozone (O3) and the
total column water vapor is taken from the
Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service
(CAMS).
The data contains the value of total column
ozone and total column water vapour over the
time period from January 2016 to December
2022 over the latitude (-80.5 to -85) and
longitude (-125 to 139.75) over the Antarctica
region.

33. ANALYZING O Z O N E TRENDS
The results of this study show that the total column ozone over
Antarctica have a seasonal cycle, with a minimum in October and a
maximum in January. The study also found that there is an increase
in total column ozone over Antarctica from July 2016 to 2022. This
is likely due to a combination of factors, including the phase-out of
ozone-depl2eting substances (ODSs) under the Montreal Protocol,
the warming of the Antarctic stratosphere, and the changes in
atmospheric circulation over Antarctica.

34. INVESTIGATING WATER VAPOR DYNAMICS
The results of this study show that the total column
ozone and total column water vapor over Antarctica
have a seasonal cycle, with a minimum in October and
a maximum in January. The minimum in October is due
to the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs),
which provide a surface for chlorine and bromine
compounds to react with ozone, destroying it. The
maximum in January is due to the breakdown of PSCs
and the mixing of air from the lower atmosphere,
which brings in more ozone and water vapor.

35. DATA VISUALIZATION

36. C O N C L U S I O N
Antarctic ozone and water vapor exhibit a seasonal cycle with a
minimum in October (due to ozone-depleting reactions in polar
stratospheric clouds) and a maximum in January (resulting from PSC
breakdown and lower atmosphere air mixing). From 2016 to 2022,
ozone increased, and water vapor decreased, attributed to the
Montreal Protocol, warming Antarctic stratosphere, and altered
circulation. Ozone layer recovery is underway but requires continued
ODS phase-out and climate change mitigation.

37. Thank You