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2. Morphology - Morphemfdsdfsfdses - Copy.pptx
- 1. UNIVERSITAS RIAU KEPULAUAN Jalan Batu Aji Baru No 99 – Batu Aji Telp : (0778) 394 388 Fax : (0778) 391 868 Batam – Kepri - Indonesia zhibond501@gmail.com 21/09/2018
- 3. MORPHOLOGY ? Morpho = Form logy = Science of Morphology
- 4. What is Morphology? Morphology is a field of linguistics focused on the study of the forms and formation of words in a language. MORPHOLOGY ?
- 5. The smallest unit of meaning or grammatical function. A single word may be composed of one or more morphemes. e.g. She looked unhappier than the day before. un+ happy+er (can be analyzed into 3 morphemes) MORPHEMES ? What is a morpheme?
- 6. KINDS OF MORPHEMES Morphemes Free Morphemes Bound Morphemes Lexical Morphemes Functional Morphemes Derivational Inflectional
- 7. KINDS OF MORPHEMES Lexical Morphemes Functional Morphemes Free Morphemes Morphemes Nouns Adjectives Verbs Adverbs Determiners Conjunctions Prepositions Pronouns Auxiliaries
- 8. KINDS OF MORPHEMES Inflectional Derivational Bound Morphemes Morphemes Prefixes Suffixes Suffixes
- 9. MORPHEMES ? • Morphemes that can stand by themselves as a single word, e.g. open and tour. Free Morpheme • Morphemes that cannot normally stand alone and are typically attached to another form, e.g. re-, -ist, -ed, -s. Bound Morpheme
- 10. Free morpheme Lexical Morpheme The first category is that set of ordinary nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs that we think of as the words that carry the “content” of the massage we convey. E.g. house, man, girl, yellow, happy, long, open, care, break. We can add new lexical morphemes to the language rather easily, so they are treated as an “open” class of words. Functional Morpheme Other type of Free Morphemes are called functional morphemes. E.g. and, but, and, on, near, beside, the, that, it, them. this set consists largely of the functional words in the language such as conjunctions, preposition, articles, auxiliaries and pronouns. Because we almost never add new functional morphemes to the language, they are described as a “closed” class of words.
- 11. Derivational Derivational morphemes derive a new word by being attached to root morphemes or stems. They can be both suffixes and prefixes in English. Example: beautiful, exactly, recover. Change grammatical category of words. Example: teach (verb) + er (suffix) = teacher (noun) Inflectional Inflectional morphemes give grammatical information such as number (plural), tense, possession and so on. They are only found in suffixes in English. Examples: boys, Mary’s , walked No change of Meaning Examples: walk vs. Walks Never change grammatical category of words. Example: old (adjective) + er (suffix) = older (adjective) Bound morpheme
- 12. Inflectional Morphemes in English Lexical Category Grammatical Category Examples Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Plural Possessive Third person Past tense Past participle Present participle Comparative Superlative cars, churches car’s, children’s (he)swims, (it)breaks wanted, showed wanted, shown (showed) wanting, showing taller, sweeter tallest, sweetest Bound morpheme
- 13. Don’t forget !!!!!!! A derivational suffix always attaches to a word before an inflectional suffix.
- 14. MATUR THANK YOU ENGKANG SO MUCH