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THE FUNDAMENTAL
    INTERCONNECTEDNESS
     #CIG12
CILIP Cataloguing & Indexing Group




               OF ALL THINGS
                                     : THE IMPACT OF NETWORKED
Conference 2012




                                           KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS ON
                                     Barron
                                     Simon




                                            E-resources Co-ordinator
                                           Durham University Library CATALOGUING
                                     @SimonXIX
Welsh & Batley,
Practical cataloguing, p. 172.
“FRBR suggests that the
library catalogue should
do more than enable the
location of a particular
item. In essence, in
creating a 'FRBRized'           “FRBR describes the
catalogue record, we are        entities in the
describing not only the         bibliographic
thing we have in our hands,     universe, their
but its relationship to other   relationships and
things in the bibliographic     attributes.”
universe - not only to its
creator(s) and previous
editions, but, theoretically,
to any other thing that may
be of use to an end user.”
‘The School of Athens’
      by Raphael
Wright, Glut: mastering
information through the
ages, p. 7.

                               nested
                              groups.”
                             system of
                          “A hierarchy is a
‘The Fall of Man’ by
Lucas Cranach the Elder
“Linnaeus’s classification is
typical of a taxonomy in that the
relationships between living
things are depicted by means of
a hierarchical structure. This is a
structure in which successive
steps in division create smaller
and more specific classes. It is
usually represented visually as a
tree structure, with the tree
branching at each new level.
This sort of structure is probably
what is ordinarily thought of as a
system of classification.”

                            Broughton,
         Essential classification, p. 13.
“…treat knowledge as if it were a unity which can
       be subdivided into smaller and smaller units. At
           the top of the tree is the whole universe,
                        which is divided
                        and subdivided
                           to arrive at
                              all the
                            different
                             entities,
                              events
                         and activities
            represented in the subjects of books.”

Broughton, Essential classification, p. 32.
Wright, Glut: mastering information
              through the ages, p. 70.
“…individuals function
                                       as autonomous nodes,
                                        negotiating their own
                                        relationships, forging
                                         ties, coalescing into
                                         clusters. There is no
                                      “top” in a network; each
                                       node is equal and self-
                                       directed. Democracy is
                                      a kind of network; so is a
                                         flock of birds, or the
                                           World Wide Web.”

Wright, Glut: mastering information
through the ages, p. 7.
"Our biological existence, social world, economy, and
religious traditions tell a compelling story of
interrelatedness. As the great Argentinean author Jorge
Luis Borges put it, "everything touches everything."




                                       Barabási, Linked, p. 5.
"Consider for example a network crucial for our ability to find
scientific information: the citation network. Each scientific
paper cites other papers, relevant to the discussed work. A
mathematics paper would cite other maths papers focusing
on similar problems or occasionally a biology or a physics
paper, illustrating the applications of the obtained results.
Therefore, all scientific publications are part of a web of
science in which nodes are research publications connected
by citations. These links are directed. Indeed, following the
references at the end of this book will allow you to find the
quotes papers. Yet none of these papers could send you to
this book, since they do not cite it. The citation network is a
very peculiar directed network in which the IN and OUT
components reflect the historical ordering of the papers and
the central component is very small if it exists at all."
                                                                  Barabási, Linked, p. 169.
“Network thinking is poised to invade all domains of human
activity and most fields of human inquiry. It is more than
another helpful perspective or tool. Networks are by their very
nature the fabric of most complex systems, and nodes and
links deeply infuse all strategies aimed at approaching our
interlocked universe.”




                                                                  Barabási, Linked, p. 222.
Institutional Repository Search
http://irs.mimas.ac.uk/demonstrator/
“[Consilience is] a “jumping
together” of knowledge by the
linking of facts and fact-based
theory across disciplines to create a
common groundwork of
explanation.”
Wilson, Consilience, p. 6.


“The map of the material world, including
human mental activity, can be thought a
sprinkling of charted terrain separated by
blank expanses that are of unknown extent
yet accessible to coherent inter-
disciplinary research…
If the consilience world view is correct, the
traverse of the gaps will be a Magellanic
voyage that eventually encircles the whole
of reality.”
Wilson, Consilience, p. 299.
“…obviously there is no
   classification of the universe
         that is not arbitrary and
 speculative. The reason is quite
                           simple:
        we do not know what the
                      universe is.”




 Borges, ‘John Wilkins’ Analytical Language’ in
The total library: non-fiction 1922-1986, p. 231.
Deleuze, G. and Guattari, F., (B. Massumi, tr.) 1987. A
Bibliography                                                 thousand plateaus: capitalism and schizophrenia.
                                                             Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Adams, D., 1988. Dirk Gently’s Holistic Detective
                                                             Honderich, T., ed., 2005. The Oxford companion to
Agency. London: Pan Macmillan.
                                                             philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Barabási, A-L., 2003. Linked: how everything is
                                                             Robinson, L., and Maguire, M., 2010. ‘The rhizome
connected to everything else and what it means for     and the tree: changing metaphors for information
business, science, and everyday life. London: Penguin. organisation’. Journal of documentation, 66 (4), pp.
                                                              604-613.
Borges, J. L., 1942. ‘John Wilkins’ Analytical Language’
in Borges, J. L., (E. Weinberg, ed.) 2001. The total library: Tillett, B. B., 2007. ‘FRBR and RDA: resource
non-fiction 1922-1986. London: Penguin.                       description and access’ in Taylor, A. G., ed., 2007.
                                                              Understanding FRBR: what it is and how it will affect
Bowman, J. H., 2003. Essential cataloguing. London:           our retrieval tools. London: Libraries Unlimited.
Facet Publishing.
                                                              Welsh, A., and Batley, S., 2012. Practical cataloguing:
Broughton, V., 2004. Essential classification. London: AACR, RDA and MARC 21. London: Facet Publishing.
Facet Publishing.
                                                              Wilson, E. O., 1998. Consilience: the unity of
Buchanan, M., 2002. Nexus: small worlds and the               knowledge. London: Little, Brown and Company.
groundbreaking science of networks. London: W. W.
Norton & Company.                                             Wittgenstein, L., 2001. Tractatus logico-
                                                              philosophicus. Oxon: Routledge.
D’Alembert, J., 1963. Preliminary discourse to the
Encyclopedia of Diderot. New York: The Bobbs-Merrill Wright, A., 2007. Glut: mastering information
Company Inc.                                                  through the ages. London: Cornell University Press.
Image credits
‘Yet another bean photo’ by Flickr user kern.justin.

‘remember to thank all the books you haven’t read over the past three years’ by Flickr user osiatynska.

‘The School of Athens’ from Wikimedia Commons.

‘Pear tree branches circles on the fig tree’ by Flickr user Mammaoca2008.

‘The Fall of Man’ from Wikimedia Commons.

Systema Naturae scan from Wikimedia Commons.

Jefferson’s library catalog scan from the Massachusetts Historical Society.

‘The Tree of Books’ by DeviantArt user vladstudio.

‘Alexandria Library’ by Flickr user Dallas75.

‘Rhizome seed’ from http://www.a-website.org/mnemosyne/no_signposts/pics/rhisome_seed.gif

Several images of networks by Flickr user gephi_org.

‘Web 2.0 Digitage 2012’ by Flickr user ocean.flynn.

‘Big bang’ by Flickr user entonceeees.

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Networked Knowledge Systems

  • 1. THE FUNDAMENTAL INTERCONNECTEDNESS #CIG12 CILIP Cataloguing & Indexing Group OF ALL THINGS : THE IMPACT OF NETWORKED Conference 2012 KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS ON Barron Simon E-resources Co-ordinator Durham University Library CATALOGUING @SimonXIX
  • 2. Welsh & Batley, Practical cataloguing, p. 172.
  • 3. “FRBR suggests that the library catalogue should do more than enable the location of a particular item. In essence, in creating a 'FRBRized' “FRBR describes the catalogue record, we are entities in the describing not only the bibliographic thing we have in our hands, universe, their but its relationship to other relationships and things in the bibliographic attributes.” universe - not only to its creator(s) and previous editions, but, theoretically, to any other thing that may be of use to an end user.”
  • 4. ‘The School of Athens’ by Raphael
  • 5. Wright, Glut: mastering information through the ages, p. 7. nested groups.” system of “A hierarchy is a
  • 6. ‘The Fall of Man’ by Lucas Cranach the Elder
  • 7. “Linnaeus’s classification is typical of a taxonomy in that the relationships between living things are depicted by means of a hierarchical structure. This is a structure in which successive steps in division create smaller and more specific classes. It is usually represented visually as a tree structure, with the tree branching at each new level. This sort of structure is probably what is ordinarily thought of as a system of classification.” Broughton, Essential classification, p. 13.
  • 8.
  • 9. “…treat knowledge as if it were a unity which can be subdivided into smaller and smaller units. At the top of the tree is the whole universe, which is divided and subdivided to arrive at all the different entities, events and activities represented in the subjects of books.” Broughton, Essential classification, p. 32.
  • 10. Wright, Glut: mastering information through the ages, p. 70.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. “…individuals function as autonomous nodes, negotiating their own relationships, forging ties, coalescing into clusters. There is no “top” in a network; each node is equal and self- directed. Democracy is a kind of network; so is a flock of birds, or the World Wide Web.” Wright, Glut: mastering information through the ages, p. 7.
  • 14. "Our biological existence, social world, economy, and religious traditions tell a compelling story of interrelatedness. As the great Argentinean author Jorge Luis Borges put it, "everything touches everything." Barabási, Linked, p. 5.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. "Consider for example a network crucial for our ability to find scientific information: the citation network. Each scientific paper cites other papers, relevant to the discussed work. A mathematics paper would cite other maths papers focusing on similar problems or occasionally a biology or a physics paper, illustrating the applications of the obtained results. Therefore, all scientific publications are part of a web of science in which nodes are research publications connected by citations. These links are directed. Indeed, following the references at the end of this book will allow you to find the quotes papers. Yet none of these papers could send you to this book, since they do not cite it. The citation network is a very peculiar directed network in which the IN and OUT components reflect the historical ordering of the papers and the central component is very small if it exists at all." Barabási, Linked, p. 169.
  • 18.
  • 19. “Network thinking is poised to invade all domains of human activity and most fields of human inquiry. It is more than another helpful perspective or tool. Networks are by their very nature the fabric of most complex systems, and nodes and links deeply infuse all strategies aimed at approaching our interlocked universe.” Barabási, Linked, p. 222.
  • 21. “[Consilience is] a “jumping together” of knowledge by the linking of facts and fact-based theory across disciplines to create a common groundwork of explanation.” Wilson, Consilience, p. 6. “The map of the material world, including human mental activity, can be thought a sprinkling of charted terrain separated by blank expanses that are of unknown extent yet accessible to coherent inter- disciplinary research… If the consilience world view is correct, the traverse of the gaps will be a Magellanic voyage that eventually encircles the whole of reality.” Wilson, Consilience, p. 299.
  • 22. “…obviously there is no classification of the universe that is not arbitrary and speculative. The reason is quite simple: we do not know what the universe is.” Borges, ‘John Wilkins’ Analytical Language’ in The total library: non-fiction 1922-1986, p. 231.
  • 23. Deleuze, G. and Guattari, F., (B. Massumi, tr.) 1987. A Bibliography thousand plateaus: capitalism and schizophrenia. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Adams, D., 1988. Dirk Gently’s Holistic Detective Honderich, T., ed., 2005. The Oxford companion to Agency. London: Pan Macmillan. philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Barabási, A-L., 2003. Linked: how everything is Robinson, L., and Maguire, M., 2010. ‘The rhizome connected to everything else and what it means for and the tree: changing metaphors for information business, science, and everyday life. London: Penguin. organisation’. Journal of documentation, 66 (4), pp. 604-613. Borges, J. L., 1942. ‘John Wilkins’ Analytical Language’ in Borges, J. L., (E. Weinberg, ed.) 2001. The total library: Tillett, B. B., 2007. ‘FRBR and RDA: resource non-fiction 1922-1986. London: Penguin. description and access’ in Taylor, A. G., ed., 2007. Understanding FRBR: what it is and how it will affect Bowman, J. H., 2003. Essential cataloguing. London: our retrieval tools. London: Libraries Unlimited. Facet Publishing. Welsh, A., and Batley, S., 2012. Practical cataloguing: Broughton, V., 2004. Essential classification. London: AACR, RDA and MARC 21. London: Facet Publishing. Facet Publishing. Wilson, E. O., 1998. Consilience: the unity of Buchanan, M., 2002. Nexus: small worlds and the knowledge. London: Little, Brown and Company. groundbreaking science of networks. London: W. W. Norton & Company. Wittgenstein, L., 2001. Tractatus logico- philosophicus. Oxon: Routledge. D’Alembert, J., 1963. Preliminary discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot. New York: The Bobbs-Merrill Wright, A., 2007. Glut: mastering information Company Inc. through the ages. London: Cornell University Press.
  • 24. Image credits ‘Yet another bean photo’ by Flickr user kern.justin. ‘remember to thank all the books you haven’t read over the past three years’ by Flickr user osiatynska. ‘The School of Athens’ from Wikimedia Commons. ‘Pear tree branches circles on the fig tree’ by Flickr user Mammaoca2008. ‘The Fall of Man’ from Wikimedia Commons. Systema Naturae scan from Wikimedia Commons. Jefferson’s library catalog scan from the Massachusetts Historical Society. ‘The Tree of Books’ by DeviantArt user vladstudio. ‘Alexandria Library’ by Flickr user Dallas75. ‘Rhizome seed’ from http://www.a-website.org/mnemosyne/no_signposts/pics/rhisome_seed.gif Several images of networks by Flickr user gephi_org. ‘Web 2.0 Digitage 2012’ by Flickr user ocean.flynn. ‘Big bang’ by Flickr user entonceeees.