1. DEFINITION OF
TELECOMMUNICATION
•
“ COMMUNICATION OVER A DISTANCE
BY CABLE, TELEGRAPH, TELEPHONE,
OR BROADCASTING ”
•
“Telecommunications, or telecom, is
basically the transmission of signals over
long distances. “

2. History of Telecommunication :
•
•
•
•
It began with the invention of telephone in 1876
Then radio broadcasting started in late 1800s
Then Television in the early 1900s
In the current Era telecommunication include the internet , cellular phone
networks e.t.c

3. Business telecommunication:
 “Business telecommunication involves devices,
networks & equipment's that are used to help businesses
connect with customers and colleagues.”
 This can include basic things like telephone and fax, and
more recent technologies such as voice over Internet (VoIP)
services.
 The types of telecommunications used may vary from
company to company, and will depend widely on the
business's individual needs.

4. Communication channels
 Definition of communication channel:
A medium through which a message or information is
transmitted to its intended audience, such as print media
or broadcast (electronic) media.
 In an organization, information flows forward, backwards
and Horizontal. This information flow is referred to as
communication.

5. Importance of a Communication Channel:
A breakdown in the communication channel results in an inefficient
flow of information.
• Employees would be unaware of what the company expects of
them.
• They are uninformed of what is going on in the company.
• This will also affect the decision making and productivity in the
workplace.

6. Types of Communication Channels :
communication channels are grouped into three main groups:
•
formal
• informal
• unofficial

7. Formal Communication Channels:
 A formal communication channel transmits information such as the
goals, policies, and procedures of an organization.
 This type of communication channel follows a chain of command.
 This means information flows from a Top level of management to First
line management.
 Examples:
A business plan, customer satisfaction survey, annual reports, employer's
manual, review meetings are all formal communication channels.

8. Informal Communication Channels:
in some organization there may be both formal and informal The only
strict hierarchical web of communication is not always good. This type of
communication channel may disrupt the chain of command, a good
manager needs to find the fine balance between the formal and informal
communication channel.
Examples :
Team work, different training programs are outside of the chain of
command and so, fall under the category of informal communication
channels.

9. Unofficial Communication Channels:
• The unofficial communication channel in an organization is the
organization's 'grapevine'. The grapevine means the rumors circulate.
Group of People of the organization spread rumors like outside
friendship.
 A good manager should check information circulating in this unofficial
communication channel and should take positive measures to prevent
the flow of false information.
Examples:
An example of an unofficial communication channel is social gatherings
among employees.