The document provides an overview of the rise of crowdsourcing and related technological and sociological trends from 1993 to the present. It discusses the emergence of the World Wide Web in 1993 and its opening to the public. Key developments discussed include the rise of e-commerce, search engines, social media, cloud computing, big data, mobile technology, and the concept of collective intelligence. Models of crowdsourcing like cloud labor, crowd creativity, open innovation, distributed knowledge, and crowdfunding are explained.
2. “The term social refers to the interaction of
organisms with other organisms and to their
collective co-existence, irrespective of whether
they are aware of it or not, and irrespective of
whether the interaction is voluntary or
involuntary.
Wikipedia
2
3. “An economy or economic system consists of
the production, distribution or trade, and
consumption of limited goods and services by
different agents in a given geographical location”
Wikipedia
3
16. “The WorldWideWeb (W3) is a
wide-area hypermedia information retrieval
initiative aiming to give universal access to a
large universe of documents.”
CERN (1993)
16
17. World Wide Web
WWW became free and available for everyone
• Open Universal Acces to information
• http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
• Verry high rate of adoption
• E-commerce, Search Engine and Social Media Emergence
17
22. The social economy: Unlocking value and productivity through social technologies
http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/high_tech_telecoms_internet/the_social_economy22
32. 32
WEB 2.0
• Web as a platform
• Collective Intelligence
Collaborative network effect
• RSS syndication
• Saas
Tim O’Reilly (2004)
Web 1.0 Web 2.0
Content Management System Wikis
Personal Website Blogging
Publishing Participation
Search Engine Application
Domain naim SOASOE
Free Freemium
Directories Tagging
Taxonomie Folksonomie
License Saas
Server Cloud Computing
O’Reilly Tim, “What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software”,
Communication & Strategies, (2007)
41. “Every two days now we create as much
information as we did from the dawn of civilization
up until 2003...
…That’s something like 5 exabytes of data”
Eric Schmidt, Google CEO (2010)
41
45. 45
The Collective Intelligence
“Collective intelligence is shared or group intelligence
that emerges from the collaboration, collective efforts, and
competition of many individuals and appears in consensus
decision making. ”
WIKIPEDIA
53. The Wisdom of Crowds
53
The 4 conditions to form a wise crowd
• Diversity of opinion
• Independence
• Decentralization
• Aggregation
54. Application of the Wisdom of Crowds
• Crowdsourcing and Crowdfunding
• Open Innovation
• Open Source
• Problem Solving Method
• Prediction Market
54
62. 62
Cloud Labor
“Leveraging of a distributed virtual labor pool, available on-
demand to fulfill a range of tasks from simple to complex.
Crowdsourcing is used to connect labor demand and supply”
Crowdsourcing.org
65. 65
Crowd Creativity
“Tapping of creative talent pools to design and develop
original art, media or content.
Crowdsourcing is used to tap into online communities of
thousands of creatives to develop original products and
concepts, including photography, advertising, film, video
production, graphic design, apparel, consumer goods, and
branding concepts” Crowdsourcing.org
71. 71
Open Innovation
“Use of sources outside of the entity or group to generate,
develop and implement ideas. In a world of widely distributed
knowledge, where the boundaries between a firm and its
environment have become more permeable, companies
cannot afford to rely entirely on their own research and
ideas to maintain a competitive advantage”
Crowdsourcing.org
79. 79
Distributed Knowledge
“Development of knowledge assets or information resources
from a distributed pool of contributors. Crowdsourcing is
used to develop, aggregate, and share knowledge and
information through open Q&A, user-generated knowledge
systems, news, citizen journalism, and forecasting”
Crowdsourcing.org
85. 85
Crowdfunding
“Financial contributions from online investors, sponsors or
donors to fund for-profit or non-profit initiatives or
enterprises. Crowdfunding is an approach to raising capital
for new projects and businesses by soliciting contributions
from a large number of stakeholders”
Crowdsourcing.org