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Embodiment Design
Prototyping
                    03.007
Aims
                Roles of design models and prototypes
today                            Prototyping strategies


           Experimental / testing plans for the chosen
                                         exhibit design


            Identify appropriate procedures, variables,
        performance measures, ranges of interest, and
                                                  trials
Concepts
           Preliminary engineering drawings and
                          Bill of materials (BOM)


                 Beta prototype (scaled model +
                              functional model)



                                   Cost estimate
2005




       http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4292854.stm
2005




       http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://news.cnet.com/2300-11386_3-10012657-7.html
2006




                                                   http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
       http://www.flickr.com/photos/pete/sets/72057594143224765/with/152123539/
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
2007




       http://www.fuseproject.com/pdf/OLPC%20Case%20Study.pdf
http://www.flickr.com/photos/knightfoundation/6771617469/
          http://www.flickr.com/photos/olpc/page74/
   http://www.flickr.com/photos/pieter-bidia/2925665693/
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
2008
       http://www.fuseproject.com/category-1-product-65
Embodiment
             “In embodiment design, we provide form to
                              the selected concept(s)”



               Form: geometry, components, materials,
                         manufacturability, economics



              Strategy: to refine these factors iteratively,
                 from an abstract form to a concrete one
http://www.hcdconnect.org/toolkit/en
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
Build physical representations to learn from
 your ideas and make increasingly concrete
                      and detailed decisions


 Analytical Models (Mathematical, Physics)
     Design Models (Virtual, Experimental,
                                Empirical)


                Otto and Wood: Table 12.1.
Checklist for embodying a product concept
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”.
                                                Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”.
                                                Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”.
                                                Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”.
                                                Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Why                               • Reduce uncertainty
prototype?                 • Make assumptions explicit
                   • Learn a specific feature or property

                               • Evaluate alternatives
                           • Gather feedback and data
                         • Communicate a key decision


             • Explore a range of values across variables
                               • Safety and ergonomics
                  • Test manufacturing and assemblies
http://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/input-output/14/350
Keurig individual serving coffee brewer




                                               100 dpi



                                          100 dpi




            http://www.keurig.com/
Tea brewer
                                                                                               9 in.

                                                                                                water



                                                                                              liquid
                                                                                           containment

                                                         electrical conversion               water
                                                                                                        thermal energy
                                                                             electricity
                                                         electrical supply                   filter, tea                thermal energy
                                                                                           containment

                                                                                            tea        thermal energy
                                                                                                                                             18 in.
                                                                                                                      tea
                                                                                 ice
                                                                                                                      thermal
                                                                                              ice/tea                 energy
                                                                                           containment

                      20                                                                                          1.2
Bitterness (cm*min)




                      18                                             Bitterness
                                                                                                                  1




                                                                                                                            Percent of Tea
                      16                                             Time
    or Time (min)




                                                                                                                              Saturated
                      14                                             % Saturation                                 0.8
                      12
                      10                                                                                          0.6
                       8
                                                                                                                  0.4
                      6
                      4
                                                                                                                  0.2
                      2
                      0                                                                                        0
                       0.07   0.08   0.09   0.1   0.11            0.12                 0.13                0.14

                                      Radius of Hole (cm)
Low-Fidelity Prototyping
(Quick and Dirty):
Immediate and sketchy
physical representations using
paper, cardboard and any
available parts




              http://www.studiotilt.com/blog/2011/02/03/the-hub-kings-cross-co-design-workshop/
                        http://paipr.wordpress.com/projects/rapid-low-fi-prototyping/
                           http://www.robives.com/blog/swinging_legs_experiment
8                          7

1




    9                          6

2




                               5



3   4
        Twitter: @sarvidefer
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
http://martini.mitplw.com/blog/?p=954
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
Interactive Toy: 3 day tutorial
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mt4V5kojU8E
Key Q’s                   Functionality being tested?
                   Scales, assemblies and materials?
                     Structural behaviour and costs?


                       Physical or virtual prototype?
               Decisions to build model/prototype:
          materials, processes, time, modifications…


                               Single plan or replan?
                        Parallel or serial prototypes?
                          Simultaneous or iterative?
Important
                                    Good investment: plan resources & time
                                     Make your goals and questions explicit


                         Learn from your models and prototypes: test,
                                             measure, modify them
                              Document, record and analyse evidence



                                               “Fail Early, Fail Fast and Fail Often”




                           http://www.lunar.com/failure-is-always-an-option/
     http://www.fastcodesign.com/1663968/wanna-create-a-great-product-fail-early-fail-fast-fail-often
Exhibit Prototyping: Formative Evaluation at the Museum of Science
http://www.mos.org/exhibitdevelopment/prototyping.html




What we’ve learned about evaluating prototype exhibits
http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about_us/~/media/4EBAEF0846904248BE
A0E94F63267D1F.ashx




“Prototype Zone” at The Hong Kong Science Museum
http://hk.science.museum/epe/epz.php




             Exhibit Making
             http://www.exploratorium.edu/about/exhibit_making/
FAILURE [aka LEARNING BY DOING]




   http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqIcEE_sRBk
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
Youn-Kyung Lim, Erik Stolterman, and Josh Tenenberg. 2008. The anatomy of prototypes: Prototypes as filters, prototypes as
        manifestations of design ideas. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 15, 2, Article 7 (July 2008), 27 pages.
Embodiment Design and Prototyping
http://www.boardofinnovation.com/business-prototyping/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp8Q0ZQLyBA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nw4fFdgZYOY

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Embodiment Design and Prototyping

  • 2. Aims Roles of design models and prototypes today Prototyping strategies Experimental / testing plans for the chosen exhibit design Identify appropriate procedures, variables, performance measures, ranges of interest, and trials
  • 3. Concepts Preliminary engineering drawings and Bill of materials (BOM) Beta prototype (scaled model + functional model) Cost estimate
  • 4. 2005 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4292854.stm
  • 5. 2005 http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
  • 9. 2006 http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures http://www.flickr.com/photos/pete/sets/72057594143224765/with/152123539/
  • 11. 2007 http://www.fuseproject.com/pdf/OLPC%20Case%20Study.pdf
  • 12. http://www.flickr.com/photos/knightfoundation/6771617469/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/olpc/page74/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/pieter-bidia/2925665693/
  • 15. 2008 http://www.fuseproject.com/category-1-product-65
  • 16. Embodiment “In embodiment design, we provide form to the selected concept(s)” Form: geometry, components, materials, manufacturability, economics Strategy: to refine these factors iteratively, from an abstract form to a concrete one
  • 19. Build physical representations to learn from your ideas and make increasingly concrete and detailed decisions Analytical Models (Mathematical, Physics) Design Models (Virtual, Experimental, Empirical) Otto and Wood: Table 12.1. Checklist for embodying a product concept
  • 21. Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
  • 22. Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
  • 23. Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
  • 24. Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
  • 25. Why • Reduce uncertainty prototype? • Make assumptions explicit • Learn a specific feature or property • Evaluate alternatives • Gather feedback and data • Communicate a key decision • Explore a range of values across variables • Safety and ergonomics • Test manufacturing and assemblies
  • 27. Keurig individual serving coffee brewer 100 dpi 100 dpi http://www.keurig.com/
  • 28. Tea brewer 9 in. water liquid containment electrical conversion water thermal energy electricity electrical supply filter, tea thermal energy containment tea thermal energy 18 in. tea ice thermal ice/tea energy containment 20 1.2 Bitterness (cm*min) 18 Bitterness 1 Percent of Tea 16 Time or Time (min) Saturated 14 % Saturation 0.8 12 10 0.6 8 0.4 6 4 0.2 2 0 0 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 Radius of Hole (cm)
  • 29. Low-Fidelity Prototyping (Quick and Dirty): Immediate and sketchy physical representations using paper, cardboard and any available parts http://www.studiotilt.com/blog/2011/02/03/the-hub-kings-cross-co-design-workshop/ http://paipr.wordpress.com/projects/rapid-low-fi-prototyping/ http://www.robives.com/blog/swinging_legs_experiment
  • 30. 8 7 1 9 6 2 5 3 4 Twitter: @sarvidefer
  • 31. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 32. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 33. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 35. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 36. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 37. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 38. Fernando Prieto, Ricardo Sosa. “TetraBus”: Children Museum on Wheels. Client: Tetra Pak Mexico (1996-1997)
  • 42. Interactive Toy: 3 day tutorial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mt4V5kojU8E
  • 43. Key Q’s Functionality being tested? Scales, assemblies and materials? Structural behaviour and costs? Physical or virtual prototype? Decisions to build model/prototype: materials, processes, time, modifications… Single plan or replan? Parallel or serial prototypes? Simultaneous or iterative?
  • 44. Important Good investment: plan resources & time Make your goals and questions explicit Learn from your models and prototypes: test, measure, modify them Document, record and analyse evidence “Fail Early, Fail Fast and Fail Often” http://www.lunar.com/failure-is-always-an-option/ http://www.fastcodesign.com/1663968/wanna-create-a-great-product-fail-early-fail-fast-fail-often
  • 45. Exhibit Prototyping: Formative Evaluation at the Museum of Science http://www.mos.org/exhibitdevelopment/prototyping.html What we’ve learned about evaluating prototype exhibits http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about_us/~/media/4EBAEF0846904248BE A0E94F63267D1F.ashx “Prototype Zone” at The Hong Kong Science Museum http://hk.science.museum/epe/epz.php Exhibit Making http://www.exploratorium.edu/about/exhibit_making/
  • 46. FAILURE [aka LEARNING BY DOING] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqIcEE_sRBk
  • 48. Youn-Kyung Lim, Erik Stolterman, and Josh Tenenberg. 2008. The anatomy of prototypes: Prototypes as filters, prototypes as manifestations of design ideas. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 15, 2, Article 7 (July 2008), 27 pages.