2. PresentPerfect(have/has + pastparticiple) Use itforexperiences in ourlifeup tonow, butwedon’tsayexactlywhentheyhappened. Recentpastactions, butwedon’tsayexactlywhen. Unfinishedstates (non-actionverbs) whichstarted in thepast and are still true now. THERE IS A CONNECTION WITH THE PRESENT
3. PresentPerfectever/never, just, already/yet, for/since Weoften use ever (-)/ never (+) whenwheaskortalkaboutpastexperiences. She’snevermethisexwife Haveyoueverlostyourcreditcard?
4. Just and alreadygobeforethemainverb in + sentences. Yetgoes at theend of thephrase in – and ?. I’vealreadydone my homework. Can I watch TV Haveyoufinishedyet? My brotherhasn’tfound a jobyet
5. As ananswertothequestionHowlong…? use for+ a period of time orsincewith a point in time A. Howlonghaveyouknowneachother? B. We’veknowneachotherfor 20 years / We’veknowneachothersince 1990.
6. Been and gone Go has twoparticiples, been and gone We use beento mean ‘go and come back’ I’vejustbeento San Isidro to pick up a guest(I’m back at the place I startedfromnow) We use goneto mean ‘go, butnot come back yet’ My husband’sjustgonetoseesomefriends off (he’snot back yet)
7. PresentPerfectorPast Simple? Use thePresentPerfectwhenthereis a connectionbetweenthepast and thepresent. There’snot a specific time referencetothepast time. Use thePast Simple totalkoraskaboutfinishedactions in thepast, whenthe time ismentionedorunderstood. Weoften use a past time expression.
8. PresentPerfectorPast Simple?Adverbs and Time Phrases We can use thesewords/phraseswiththePresentPerfect: Never, ever, recently, lately, before, thisweek, just, yet, already. Wemust use thePast Simple withphrasesthatsay a definite time: ago, in 1997, lastweek, at 10 o’clock, etc. Wewenttheretwoyearsago / NOT I’vebeentheretwoyearsago
9. PresentPerfectorPast Simple?Adverbs and Time Phrases Recentlyand lately mean ‘notlongago’ Use thePresentPerfectafterthisisthefirst time, thisisthesecond time, etc: Thisisthefirst time we’vebeenthere, NOT Thisisthefirst time we are there Wealso use thePresentPerfectwiththismonth, thisweek, thisyear, etc, and withthismorning, thisafternoon, etc. ifitisstillthat time of day.
