This slide explain the problems of Indian agriculture sector and also the different rural and community development scheme

1. •A major portion of National income comes from
Agriculture
•Agriculture provides raw materials to industries.
•Agriculture creates employment opportunities.
•Agriculture plays a crucial role in our international
trade.
•Agriculture creates infrastructural facilities.
•Importance for industrial development.
•Agriculture feeds the large population of our country.

2. •Lack of proper land reform measures
•Lack of credit facilities.
•Lack of fertilizers.
•Lack of proper agriculture research.
•Small and uneconomic holdings.
•Inadequate irrigation facilities.
•Defective marketing facilities.
•Soil erosion.
•Pests and plant diseases.
•Soil erosion.
•Very high dependency on monsoons.

3. Green revolution is the term connecting the agriculure
sector. Green revolution means the tremendous hike in
the agricultural production and productivity during the
mid of 1960’s. It is also known as the New Agricultural
Strategy comprises IADP, IAAP and HYVP.

4. 1. Intensive Agricultural District Programme (IADP) :
The objective of this programme was to increase the
production of food grains.
2. Intensive Agricultural Area Programme (IAAP) :
Introduced in 1964-65 aims for the intensive
development of major crops such as wheat, paddy,
millets, cotton , sugar cane, potato, pulse etc.
3. High Yielding Varieties Programme (HYVP) was
launched in 1966. Aims at the introduction of high
yielding verities of seeds.

5. 1. New Agricultural Strategy.
2. Multiple cropping
3. Improved credit facilities.
4. Processing Storage and marketing facilities.
5. Dry land development.
6. Price incentives.
7. Farmers training and education.
8. Agricultural research and technology.
9. Setting up of new institutions.

6. 1. Hike in agricultural production and productivity.
2. Increase in food production
3. Boost the production of cereals.
4. Fall in poverty.
5. More employment is created
6. More irrigational facilities developed.
7. More infrastructure is created.
8. More land is added to agriculture
9. Better distribution of land.
10. More reasearch on agriculture

7. 1. Increase in both inter-regional and intra-regional
inequalities.
2. Environmental degradation took place
3. Reduction in employment elasticity
4. Increase in personal inequality
5. Traditional knowledge was lost.
6. Ground water level down.
7. Health problems due to excess of mosquitoes
8. Irrigation of fields without proper drainage

8. Rainbow revolution means the ‘Food Chain Revolution’ to
put a check on destroying food grains, vegetables and
fruits. It is around development of all primary sector
products.

9. 1. Green revolution – Agriculture (food grains production)
2. White revolution – Milk
3. Blue revolution – Fish
4. Yellow revolution – Oilseeds
5. Golden Revolution- Fruits/apple
6. Black revolution – Petroleum
7. Silver revolution – eggs
8. Round revolution – potato
9. Red Revolution – Meats/Tomato
10. Grey revolution – Fertilizers
11. Pink revolution – Shrip
12. Brown Revolution - Leather

10. Land reforms means abolishing the existing defective
structure of land holding by introducing a rationalized
structure in order to increase the agriculture productivity.

11. 1. Zamindari System
2. Mahalwari System or Communal system of farming
3. Ryotwari System of the owner – cultivator system

12. This system was created by the British East India
Company in Bengal. Lord Cornwallis introduced
“Permanent Settlement Act in 1793. Under this system
Zamindars were declared as the owner of the land and
they are resp0nsible for pay the land revenue to the
government which is fixed. The land lords get pre-
determined share of the produce. The cultivator no have
any ownership rights on land and they are only tenants
under the Zamindari system. About 25% of area was
covered under this system.

13. This system was introduced by William Bentinck in Agra
and Oudh (North Western Uttar pradesh). It was later
extended to Madhya Pradesh and Punjab. Under this
system ownership of land is maintained by collective
body usually villagers which serves as a unit of
management. They distribute land among the peasants
and collect revenue from them and pay it to the state.
About 39% of the land area was covered under this
system before independence.

14. This system was initially introduced in Tamil Nadu and
later extended to Maharashtra, Assam, Coorg, East
Punjab and Madhya Pradesh. Under this system the
ownership rights of use and control of land are held by
the tiller itself. There is direct relationship government
and the cultivator. About 36% of the land area was
covered under this system before independence in India.

15. •Restructuring of agrarian relation to achieve egalitarian
social structure.
•Elimination of exploitation in land reforms.
•Improvement of socio economic conditions of the rural
poor by widening their land base.
• Increase in agricultural production and productivity.
•Facilitating land base development of rural poor
•Infusion of a greater measure of equality in local
institution .

16. 1. Abolition of Zamindari System
2. Tenancy Reforms
3. Ceiling on the holdings
4. Consolidation of holdings
5. Co-operative farming
6.

17. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act (2005) aims to enhance livelihood
security for all adults willing to perform unskilled
manual labour in rural areas. Any household is
entitled to 100 days of employment in a financial year
at a minimum daily wage rate. Work can be split
among household members, but workers must be at
least 18 years old. MGNREGA’s planning process is
unique among India’s government programmes.

18. Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) is an
initiative launched by the Government of India to provide
sustainable income to poorest poor people living in rural
& urban areas of the country. The scheme was launched
on April 1, 1999.
The SGSY aims at providing self-employment to villagers
through the establishment of self-help groups. Activity
clusters are established based on the aptitude and skill of
the people which are nurtured to their maximum
potential. Funds are provided by NGOs, banks and
financial institutions

19. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana or PMGSY is
a nationwide plan in India to provide good all-weather
road connectivity to unconnected villages.
This Centrally Sponsored Scheme was introduced in 2000
by the then Prime Minister Of India Shri Atal Bihari
Vajpayee and Shri Prabhjot Singh . The Assam Tribune
has reported that the scheme has started to change the
lifestyle of many villagers as it has resulted in new roads
and upgrade of certain inter-village routes in Manipur.

20. Indira Awaas Yojana is a social welfare flagship
programme, created by the Indian Government, to
provide housing for the rural poor in India. The
differentiation is made between rural poor and urban
poor for a separate set of schemes operate for the
urban poor(like the Basic Services for Urban Poor).
This scheme was launched by Rajiv Gandhi,the Prime
Minister of India at that time

21. The National Social Assistance Programme
(NSAP) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of
the Government of Indiathat provides financial
assistance to the elderly, widows and persons with
disabilities in the form of social pensions

22. Atal Pension Yojana is a government-backed
pension scheme in India targeted at the unorganised
sector. It was originally mentioned in the 2015 Budget
speech by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in February
2015. It was formally launched by Prime
Minister Narendra Modi on 9 May in Kolkata. As of
May 2015, only 11% of India's population has any kind
of pension scheme, this scheme aims to increase the
number

23. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY)
is a Government of India scheme designed to provide
continuous power supply to rural India.
The initiative is named in honor of Indian political
philosopher Deen Dayal Upadhyaya.
It is one of the key initiatives of the Modi Government.

24. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) or Mother Security
Scheme is an Indian Government scheme proposed
by the Government of India. It was launched on 12
April 2005 by the Prime Minister of India. It aim to
decrease the neo-natal and
maternal deaths happening in the country by
promoting institutional delivery of babies. This is a
safe motherhood intervention under the National
Rural Health Mission (NRHM).

25. This programme is mainly for urban development. It
was implimented in 2005.
A programme meant to improve the quality of life and
infrastructure in the cities. To be replaced by Atal
Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation

26. The Integrated Rural Development
Programme (IRDP) is a rural development program
of the Government of Indialaunched in financial year
1978 and extended throughout India by 1980. It is a
self-employment program intended to raise the
income-generation capacity of target groups among
the poor