Special Relativity

31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad SPECIAL RELATIVITY Presented by: PRAVEEN MOHAN TSO (Electronics)

Relative Motion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Reference Frames ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Theories before Einstein ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Theory before Einstein…… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Words of Einstein (Thoughts…) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Thought Experiment ,[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad (Cont.)

Can be intuitive... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Same idea with light ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Theory of Relativity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Theory of Relativity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Postulates of Special Relativity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Consequences of the Special Theory Of Relativity 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

4-Vector and Lorentz Transformation ,[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

( Cont. ) 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad is the Position 4-vector Or  ’=  where

Simultaneity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad (Cont.)

Light Clock ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Handy Light Clock 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad Consider pulse of light bouncing between two mirrors (retroreflectors) d t o = d / c

[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad ,[object Object],[object Object],Now Observe Same Clock moving

Moving Light Clock ,[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad d ct vt

Time Dilation calculated ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad d ct d ct t o = t [1 - (v 2 / c 2 )] 1/2 The clock in the moving frame runs slower.

31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad Length of 1 minute w.r.t. Speed of frame

Muon Experiment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

( Cont. ) ,[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Length Contraction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

(Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

( Cont. ) ,[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Length of 1 meter w.r.t. Speed of frame 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Fly by a House 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad Location of objects

Fly by a House at a speed near the Speed of Light 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Fly sideways by a house at a normal speed 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Fly sideways by a house ( at 50% the speed of light ) 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Fly sideways by a house at 80% the speed of light 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Fly sideways by a house at 90% the speed of light 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Fly sideways by a house at 99.9% the speed of light 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Length contraction should be of considerable interest to space voyagers. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Twin Paradox 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Twin Paradox I ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Twin Paradox II ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Twin Paradox III ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

So where’s the paradox? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

The Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Momentum and Mass ,[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Mass and Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

(Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Mass and Energy (evidence) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Correspondence Principle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

General Theory of Relativity 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad Einstein's General Theory of Relativity paper.

Motivation for General Relativity: Einstein’s tower ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

( Cont. ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

( Cont. ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Consequences of General Theory of Relativity

Bending of Light by the Sun 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Gravitational Lensing 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad Galaxies between the earth and a quasar can produce multiple images. From bending one can estimate the mass of galaxy

Cont… 31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Einstein said…. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],31/01/2008 NHTS-Hyderabad

Thank You Presented By: PRAVEEN MOHAN Trainee Scientific Officer (Electronics)

Special Relativity

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