4. ‘intellectuals hate progress
[and] intellectuals who call
themselves “progressive”
really hate progress.’
Steve Pinker, Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason,
Science, Humanism, and Progress, 2018
5.
6. ‘There certainly will be job
disruption. Because what’s
going to happen is robots
will be able to do everything
better than us. ... I mean
all of us’.
Elon Musk, National Governors Association, 16 July 2017
18. ‘Consider thou what the
invention could do to my
poor subjects. It would
assuredly bring them to
ruin by depriving them of
employment, thus making
them beggars’
Elizabeth I, on refusing to patent a knitting
machine invented by William Lee
21. Why hasn’t 200 years of automation
wiped out most of the jobs?
22. Automation Productivity Prosperity
GDP per capita in England since 1270
Adjusted for inflation and measured in British Pounds in 2013 prices (000s)
1270 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2016
Source: GDP in England (using BoE 2017), OurWorldInData.org/economic-growth
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
33. Bank tellers vs. ATM machines
Fulltime-equivalent bank tellers
and installed ATM machines in the US
Tellers/ATMs(1000s)
500
400
300
200
100
0
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Source: James Bessen, How computer automation affects occupations:
Technology, jobs, and skills’, 22 September 2016, Vox
ATMs
34. Bank tellers vs. ATM machines
Fulltime-equivalent bank tellers
and installed ATM machines in the US
Tellers/ATMs(1000s)
500
400
300
200
100
0
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Source: James Bessen, How computer automation affects occupations:
Technology, jobs, and skills’, 22 September 2016, Vox
Fulltime
equivalent
workers
ATMs
38. New tech generally
reshapes jobs, rather than
replaces them. They take
on the mundane tasks,
as humans tend to move
onto more complex – and
often more meaningful –
work.
41. ‘Machines are good
for repetitive things,
but they can’t
improve their own
efficiency or the
quality of their work.
Only people can.’
President of Toyota Manufacturing Plant,
Kentucky
53. ‘[people] will set the goals,
formulate the hypotheses,
determine the criteria, and
perform the evaluations.
54. ‘Men will set the goals, formulate
the hypotheses, determine
the criteria, and perform the
evaluations.
‘Computing machines will do
the routinizable work that must
be done to prepare the way for
insights and decisions. . .
55. ‘The symbiotic partnership will
perform intellectual operations
much more effectively than man
alone can perform them…’
J. C. R. Licklider, ‘Man-computer symbiosis,’ 1960
60. ‘The real danger ... is not
machines that are more
intelligent than we are ...
The real danger is basically
clueless machines being
ceded authority far beyond
their competence.’
Daniel Dennett, ‘The Singularity—an
Urban Legend’, Edge