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Enterprise Architecture Approach -
TOGAF 9

- Prashant Patade (Enterprise Architect)
Strategic Projects and Core Technology Group - IT
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Introduction to IT Architecture

What is IT Architecture?
Why Do We Need It?
What Are the Specific Business Benefits?
What is IT Architecture?

Is the technical foundation of an effective IT strategy
      core of any successful modern business strategy.


A technology plan for managing your IT Investment which
      defines the components of overall information system
      provides a plan from to procure / develop systems that will work together
      enables you to manage your IT investment in a way that meets the needs of
      your business.




Slide 1 of 7
Slide 2 of 7
Why Do We Need It?
      Critical to business survival and success

      • competitive advantage through IT
      • management and exploitation of information through IT is the key to
        business success
      • provides a strategic context for the evolution of the IT system in
        response to the constantly changing needs of the business
        environment

      Enables managed innovation within the enterprise

      • Balance between IT efficiency and business innovation
      • It enables managed innovation within the enterprise
      • Individual business units can innovate safely in their pursuit of
        competitive advantage
      • the needs of the organization for an integrated IT strategy are
        assured, permitting the closest possible synergy across the extended
        enterprise


Slide 3 of 7
What Are the Specific Business Benefits?
     A more efficient IT operation

       • Lower software development, support, and maintenance costs
       • More application portability
       • Improved interoperability and easier system and network management
       • A better ability to address critical enterprise-wide issues like security
       • Easier upgrade and exchange of system components


    Faster time-to-market


       • Faster time-to-market for new products and services, leading to:
         • Increased growth and profitability




                                                                                     Contd…

Slide 4 of 7
Better return on existing investment, reduced risk for future investment

       • Reduced complexity in IT infrastructure
       • Maximum return on investment in existing IT infrastructure
       • The flexibility to make, buy, or out-source IT solutions
       • Reduced risk overall in new investment, and the costs of IT ownership




        Faster, simpler, and cheaper procurement

       • Buying decisions are simpler, because the information governing procurement is readily
         available in a coherent plan.
       • The procurement process is faster - maximizing procurement speed and flexibility without
         sacrificing architectural coherence.




Slide 5 of 7
Flexibility for business growth and restructuring
         • Maximum flexibility for business growth and restructuring
         • Real savings when re-engineering business processes following internal
           consolidations, mergers, and acquisitions




Slide 6 of 7
In short, an effective IT architecture can make the difference between business success
and failure. By investing in IT architecture, you are investing in:


Business success

Independence from suppliers

Control over your own destiny




Slide 7 of 7
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture

The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
The Open Group Architecture Framework
- TOGAF©
Top Four Enterprise-Architecture Methodologies

The Zachman Framework
The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF)
Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA)
Gartner


 A Comparison of the Top Four Enterprise-Architecture Methodologies – Roger
 Sessions
 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb466232.aspx




 Slide 1 of 6
Slide 2 of 6
What Is TOGAF?
The Business Executive's Guide to IT Architecture, http://www.opengroup.org
 • TOGAF is an architectural framework - The Open Group Architectural Framework. It is a
  valuable tool for developing a broad range of different IT architectures. Most importantly,
  it enables you to design, evaluate, and build the right architecture for your
  organization. The key to TOGAF is a reliable, proven method - the TOGAF Architecture
  Development Method (ADM) - for developing an IT architecture that meets the needs of
  your business
The Open Group Architecture Framework, http://en.wikipedia.org
 • TOGAF is a high level and holistic approach to design, which is typically modeled at four
  levels: Business, Application, Data, and Technology. It tries to give a well-tested overall
  starting model to information architects, which can then be built upon. It relies heavily on
  modularization, standardization and already existing, proven technologies and products




 Slide 3 of 6
Structure of the TOGAF Document
PART I (Introduction) provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts


PART II (Architecture Development Method) step-by-step approach to developing an
enterprise architecture.


PART III (ADM Guidelines and Techniques) collection of guidelines and techniques
available for use in applying TOGAF and the TOGAF ADM.


PART IV (Architecture Content Framework) a structured metamodel for architectural
artifacts.
                                                                               Contd…


Slide 4 of 6
PART V (Enterprise Continuum & Tools) provides appropriate taxonomies and tools to
categorize and store the outputs of architecture.


PART VI (TOGAF Reference Models) provides a selection of architectural reference
models.


PART VII (Architecture Capability Framework) discusses the organization, processes,
skills, roles, and responsibilities.




Slide 5 of 6
Slide 6 of 6
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF©

Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Core Concepts
Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks
               Deliverable
               • contractually specified, formally reviewed, agreed, and signed off by
                 the stakeholders
               • represent the output of projects



               Artifact
               • describes an aspect of the architecture
               • generally classified as catalogs, matrices, and diagrams




               Building Block
               • (potentially re-usable) component of business, IT, or architectural
                 capability
               • can be combined with other building blocks to deliver architectures and
                 solutions



Slide 1 of 4
Building blocks can relate to "architectures" or "solutions“,


Architecture Building Blocks (ABBs) typically describe required capability and shape the
specification of Solution Building Blocks (SBBs).


For example, a customer services capability may be required within an enterprise,
supported by many SBBs, such as processes, data, and application software.


Solution Building Blocks (SBBs) represent components that will be used to implement
the required capability.


For example, a network is a building block that can be described through complementary
artifacts and then put to use to realize solutions for the enterprise.


Slide 2 of 4
relationships between deliverables, artifacts, and building blocks




Slide 3 of 4
Deliverable Example: Architecture Definition Document




Slide 4 of 4
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts

Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Architecture Development Method
Architecture Development Method
 tested and repeatable process for developing architectures
includes establishing an architecture framework, developing architecture content,
transitioning, and governing the realization of architectures




“All of these activities are carried out within an iterative cycle of continuous
architecture definition and realization that allows organizations to transform their
enterprises in a controlled manner in response to business goals and opportunities.”




Slide 1 of 5
Slide 2 of 5
Phases of ADM

 The Preliminary Phase describes the preparation and
 initiation activities required to create an Architecture
 Capability including customization of TOGAF and definition of
 Architecture Principles.



        Phase A: Architecture Vision describes the initial phase of an
        architecture development cycle. Defines the scope of the
        architecture development initiative, identifying the
        stakeholders, creating the Architecture Vision, and obtaining
        approval to proceed with the architecture development.




                Phase B: Business Architecture describes the development of
                a Business Architecture to support the agreed Architecture
                Vision.




 Slide 3 of 5
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures describes the
  development of Information Systems Architectures to
  support the agreed Architecture Vision.



        Phase D: Technology Architecture describes the
        development of the Technology Architecture to support the
        agreed Architecture Vision.



               Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions conducts initial
               implementation planning and the identification of delivery
               vehicles for the architecture defined in the previous phases.



                     Phase F: Migration Planning addresses how to move from
                     the Baseline to the Target Architectures by finalizing a
                     detailed Implementation and Migration Plan.




Slide 4 of 5
Phase G: Implementation Governance provides an architectural
 oversight of the implementation.


        Phase H: Architecture Change Management establishes
        procedures for managing change to the new architecture.


               Requirements Management examines the process of
               managing architecture requirements throughout the ADM .




Slide 5 of 5
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM

Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Enterprise Continuum
What is Enterprise Continuum?
The Enterprise Continuum provides methods for classifying architecture and
solution artifacts, both internal and external to the Architecture Repository, as they
evolve from generic Foundation Architectures to Organization-Specific
Architectures.


The Enterprise Continuum enables the organization of re-usable architecture
artifacts and solution assets to maximize the enterprise architecture investment
opportunities.




Slide 1 of 9
Slide 2 of 9
Slide 3 of 9
Architecture Partitioning

               Architectures are partitioned because:

• Organizational unit architectures conflict with
  one another.
• Different teams need to work on different
  elements of architecture at the same time
• Effective architecture re-use requires modular
  architecture segments.

“It is impractical to present a definitive partitioning model for architecture. Each
enterprise needs to adopt a partitioning model that reflects its own operating model.”


Slide 4 of 9
Allocation of Teams to Architecture Scope




Slide 5 of 9
Integration

Creation of partitioned architectures runs the risk of producing a fragmented and
disjointed collection of architectures that cannot be integrated to form an overall big
picture


In order to mitigate against this risk,
standards for content integration should be defined
architecture governance should address content integration - architectural
compliance
Content frameworks, can be used to specify standard building blocks and artifacts
that are the subject of content integration standards



Slide 6 of 9
Architecture Content Aggregation




Slide 7 of 9
Architecture Repository
High level classes of architectural held within an Architecture Repository:

The Architecture Metamodel describes the organizationally tailored application of an
architecture framework.
The Architecture Capability defines the parameters, structures, and processes for
governance of the Architecture Repository.
The Architecture Landscape presents an architectural representation of assets in use.
The Standards Information Base captures the standards to which architecture must
comply.
The Reference Library provides guidelines, templates, patterns, and other forms of
reference material .
The Governance Log provides a record of governance activity across the enterprise.


 Slide 8 of 9
Slide 9 of 9
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum

Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Architecture Capability Framework -
Governance
Slide 1 of 13
Slide 2 of 13
Architecture governance is the practice and orientation by which enterprise
architectures and other architectures are managed and controlled at an enterprise-
wide level.




Architecture governance typically operate within a hierarchy of governance structures,


Corporate governance
Technology governance
IT governance
Architecture governance




Slide 3 of 13
Characteristics of Governance

                  Discipline All involved parties will have a commitment to adhere to procedures,
                  processes, and authority structures established by the organization.


                  Transparency All actions implemented and their decision support will be available
                  for inspection by authorized organization and provider parties.


                  Independence All processes, decision-making, and mechanisms used will be
                  established so as to minimize or avoid potential conflicts of interest.

                  Accountability Identifiable groups within the organization - e.g., governance
                  boards who take actions or make decisions - are authorized and accountable for
                  their actions.

                  Responsibility Each contracted party is required to act responsibly to the
                  organization and its stakeholders.


                  Fairness All decisions taken, processes used, and their implementation will not be
                  allowed to create unfair advantage to any one particular party.



Slide 4 of 13
Architecture Skills Framework
A typical architecture team undertaking the development of an enterprise architecture
as described in TOGAF would comprise the following roles:
Architecture Board Members
Architecture Sponsor
Architecture Manager
Architects for:
     Enterprise Architecture (which for the purpose of the tables shown next slides
     can be considered as a superset of Business, Data, Application, and Technology
     Architecture)
     Business Architecture
     Data Architecture
     Application Architecture
     Technology Architecture
Program and/or Project Managers
IT Designer
And many others ...


Slide 5 of 13
Proficiency Levels




Slide 6 of 13
Generic Skills




4 - Expert            3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background




 Slide 7 of 13
Business Skills & Methods




4 - Expert       3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background



 Slide 8 of 13
Enterprise Architecture Skills




4 - Expert        3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background



 Slide 9 of 13
Program or Project Management Skills




4 - Expert        3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background




 Slide 10 of 13
IT General Knowledge Skills




4 - Expert        3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background



 Slide 11 of 13
Technical IT Skills




4 - Expert          3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background



 Slide 12 of 13
Legal Environment




4 - Expert        3 - Knowledge   2 - Awareness   1- Background




 Slide 13 of 13
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance

Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
TRM as Foundation Architecture


                      • which defines terminology, and
                        provides a coherent description of
 Taxonomy               the components and conceptual
                        structure of an information system



     TRM              • which provides a visual
                        representation of the taxonomy, as
    Graphic             an aid to understanding




Slide 1 of 11
Technical Reference Model - High-Level View




Slide 2 of 11
The high-level TRM seeks to emphasize two major common architectural objectives:


       Application Portability

      • via the Application Platform Interface

       Interoperability

      • via the Communications Infrastructure
        Interface



Slide 3 of 11
Detailed Technical Reference Model (Showing Service Categories)




Slide 4 of 11
Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model


                      • which defines terminology, and provides
                        a coherent description of the
 Taxonomy               components and conceptual structure of
                        an integrated information infrastructure



                      • which provides a visual representation of
     III-RM             the taxonomy, and the inter-relationship
                        of the components, as an aid to
    Graphic             understanding




Slide 5 of 11
III-RM - Detailed




Slide 6 of 11
An approach to Boundaryless Information Flow (Enterprise Portals)




Slide 7 of 11
Liberate Data Silos to Meet Information Needs of Cross-Functional Enterprise Teams




  Slide 8 of 11
Information Provider Applications Liberate Data by Providing Open Interfaces to Data Silos




  Slide 9 of 11
Brokerage Applications Integrate Information from Information Provider Applications




Slide 10 of 11
Information Consumer Applications Communicate using Open Interfaces




Slide 11 of 11
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM

Content Framework
Wrap up
Content Framework
Content Metamodel

The content metamodel provides a definition of all the types of building blocks that
may exist within an architecture, showing how these building blocks can be described
and related to one another.


For   example,    when     creating   an   architecture,   an    architect   will   identify
applications, "data entities" held within applications, and technologies that implement
those applications. These applications will in turn support particular groups of
business user or actor, and will be used to fulfil "business services".




 Slide 1 of 6
Content Metamodel Overview




Slide 2 of 6
Core and Extension Content

The role of TOGAF is to provide an open standard for architecture that is applicable in
many scenarios and situations. In order to meet this vision, it is necessary to provide a
fully featured enterprise architecture metamodel for content and also to provide the
ability to avoid carrying out unnecessary activities by supporting tailoring.


The metamodel must provide a basic model with the minimum feature set and then
support the inclusion of optional extensions during engagement tailoring.




Slide 3 of 6
TOGAF Content Metamodel and its Extensions




Slide 4 of 6
Artifacts Associated with the Core Content Metamodel and Extensions




 Slide 5 of 6
Interactions between Metamodel, Building Blocks, Diagrams, and Stakeholders




Slide 6 of 6
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework

Wrap up
WRAP UP
TOGAF is not a tool but a framework to implement the Enterprise Architecture
in an organization
It is divided into Content Framework, Architecture repository and ADM process
Implementation of TOGAF involves more of logical work of understanding
business and align IT infrastructure & services according business needs (Actual
physical implementation is done by app. Development team which in turn is
managed by PMO)
TOGAF can be implemented along with other frameworks such as ITIL, COBIT,
SOA etc.
It gives the complete picture of existing IT infrastructure and targeted
architecture which aids in quick decision making and proper planning.




Slide 1 of 2
Case Study:




Important Sites:

http://www.opengroup.org/
http://www.enterprise-architecture.info/
http://www.togaf.org/
http://www.togaf-modeling.org/




Slide 2 of 2
Agenda
 Introduction to IT Architecture
The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF©
Core Concepts
Introduction to Phases of ADM
Enterprise Continuum
Governance
Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
Content Framework
Wrap up
Questions?

Thank You

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Enterprise Architecture Approach Togaf 9

  • 1. Enterprise Architecture Approach - TOGAF 9 - Prashant Patade (Enterprise Architect) Strategic Projects and Core Technology Group - IT
  • 2. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 3. Introduction to IT Architecture What is IT Architecture? Why Do We Need It? What Are the Specific Business Benefits?
  • 4. What is IT Architecture? Is the technical foundation of an effective IT strategy core of any successful modern business strategy. A technology plan for managing your IT Investment which defines the components of overall information system provides a plan from to procure / develop systems that will work together enables you to manage your IT investment in a way that meets the needs of your business. Slide 1 of 7
  • 6. Why Do We Need It? Critical to business survival and success • competitive advantage through IT • management and exploitation of information through IT is the key to business success • provides a strategic context for the evolution of the IT system in response to the constantly changing needs of the business environment Enables managed innovation within the enterprise • Balance between IT efficiency and business innovation • It enables managed innovation within the enterprise • Individual business units can innovate safely in their pursuit of competitive advantage • the needs of the organization for an integrated IT strategy are assured, permitting the closest possible synergy across the extended enterprise Slide 3 of 7
  • 7. What Are the Specific Business Benefits? A more efficient IT operation • Lower software development, support, and maintenance costs • More application portability • Improved interoperability and easier system and network management • A better ability to address critical enterprise-wide issues like security • Easier upgrade and exchange of system components Faster time-to-market • Faster time-to-market for new products and services, leading to: • Increased growth and profitability Contd… Slide 4 of 7
  • 8. Better return on existing investment, reduced risk for future investment • Reduced complexity in IT infrastructure • Maximum return on investment in existing IT infrastructure • The flexibility to make, buy, or out-source IT solutions • Reduced risk overall in new investment, and the costs of IT ownership Faster, simpler, and cheaper procurement • Buying decisions are simpler, because the information governing procurement is readily available in a coherent plan. • The procurement process is faster - maximizing procurement speed and flexibility without sacrificing architectural coherence. Slide 5 of 7
  • 9. Flexibility for business growth and restructuring • Maximum flexibility for business growth and restructuring • Real savings when re-engineering business processes following internal consolidations, mergers, and acquisitions Slide 6 of 7
  • 10. In short, an effective IT architecture can make the difference between business success and failure. By investing in IT architecture, you are investing in: Business success Independence from suppliers Control over your own destiny Slide 7 of 7
  • 11. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 12. The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF©
  • 13. Top Four Enterprise-Architecture Methodologies The Zachman Framework The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) Gartner A Comparison of the Top Four Enterprise-Architecture Methodologies – Roger Sessions http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb466232.aspx Slide 1 of 6
  • 15. What Is TOGAF? The Business Executive's Guide to IT Architecture, http://www.opengroup.org • TOGAF is an architectural framework - The Open Group Architectural Framework. It is a valuable tool for developing a broad range of different IT architectures. Most importantly, it enables you to design, evaluate, and build the right architecture for your organization. The key to TOGAF is a reliable, proven method - the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) - for developing an IT architecture that meets the needs of your business The Open Group Architecture Framework, http://en.wikipedia.org • TOGAF is a high level and holistic approach to design, which is typically modeled at four levels: Business, Application, Data, and Technology. It tries to give a well-tested overall starting model to information architects, which can then be built upon. It relies heavily on modularization, standardization and already existing, proven technologies and products Slide 3 of 6
  • 16. Structure of the TOGAF Document PART I (Introduction) provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts PART II (Architecture Development Method) step-by-step approach to developing an enterprise architecture. PART III (ADM Guidelines and Techniques) collection of guidelines and techniques available for use in applying TOGAF and the TOGAF ADM. PART IV (Architecture Content Framework) a structured metamodel for architectural artifacts. Contd… Slide 4 of 6
  • 17. PART V (Enterprise Continuum & Tools) provides appropriate taxonomies and tools to categorize and store the outputs of architecture. PART VI (TOGAF Reference Models) provides a selection of architectural reference models. PART VII (Architecture Capability Framework) discusses the organization, processes, skills, roles, and responsibilities. Slide 5 of 6
  • 19. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework - TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 21. Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks Deliverable • contractually specified, formally reviewed, agreed, and signed off by the stakeholders • represent the output of projects Artifact • describes an aspect of the architecture • generally classified as catalogs, matrices, and diagrams Building Block • (potentially re-usable) component of business, IT, or architectural capability • can be combined with other building blocks to deliver architectures and solutions Slide 1 of 4
  • 22. Building blocks can relate to "architectures" or "solutions“, Architecture Building Blocks (ABBs) typically describe required capability and shape the specification of Solution Building Blocks (SBBs). For example, a customer services capability may be required within an enterprise, supported by many SBBs, such as processes, data, and application software. Solution Building Blocks (SBBs) represent components that will be used to implement the required capability. For example, a network is a building block that can be described through complementary artifacts and then put to use to realize solutions for the enterprise. Slide 2 of 4
  • 23. relationships between deliverables, artifacts, and building blocks Slide 3 of 4
  • 24. Deliverable Example: Architecture Definition Document Slide 4 of 4
  • 25. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 27. Architecture Development Method  tested and repeatable process for developing architectures includes establishing an architecture framework, developing architecture content, transitioning, and governing the realization of architectures “All of these activities are carried out within an iterative cycle of continuous architecture definition and realization that allows organizations to transform their enterprises in a controlled manner in response to business goals and opportunities.” Slide 1 of 5
  • 29. Phases of ADM The Preliminary Phase describes the preparation and initiation activities required to create an Architecture Capability including customization of TOGAF and definition of Architecture Principles. Phase A: Architecture Vision describes the initial phase of an architecture development cycle. Defines the scope of the architecture development initiative, identifying the stakeholders, creating the Architecture Vision, and obtaining approval to proceed with the architecture development. Phase B: Business Architecture describes the development of a Business Architecture to support the agreed Architecture Vision. Slide 3 of 5
  • 30. Phase C: Information Systems Architectures describes the development of Information Systems Architectures to support the agreed Architecture Vision. Phase D: Technology Architecture describes the development of the Technology Architecture to support the agreed Architecture Vision. Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions conducts initial implementation planning and the identification of delivery vehicles for the architecture defined in the previous phases. Phase F: Migration Planning addresses how to move from the Baseline to the Target Architectures by finalizing a detailed Implementation and Migration Plan. Slide 4 of 5
  • 31. Phase G: Implementation Governance provides an architectural oversight of the implementation. Phase H: Architecture Change Management establishes procedures for managing change to the new architecture. Requirements Management examines the process of managing architecture requirements throughout the ADM . Slide 5 of 5
  • 32. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 34. What is Enterprise Continuum? The Enterprise Continuum provides methods for classifying architecture and solution artifacts, both internal and external to the Architecture Repository, as they evolve from generic Foundation Architectures to Organization-Specific Architectures. The Enterprise Continuum enables the organization of re-usable architecture artifacts and solution assets to maximize the enterprise architecture investment opportunities. Slide 1 of 9
  • 37. Architecture Partitioning Architectures are partitioned because: • Organizational unit architectures conflict with one another. • Different teams need to work on different elements of architecture at the same time • Effective architecture re-use requires modular architecture segments. “It is impractical to present a definitive partitioning model for architecture. Each enterprise needs to adopt a partitioning model that reflects its own operating model.” Slide 4 of 9
  • 38. Allocation of Teams to Architecture Scope Slide 5 of 9
  • 39. Integration Creation of partitioned architectures runs the risk of producing a fragmented and disjointed collection of architectures that cannot be integrated to form an overall big picture In order to mitigate against this risk, standards for content integration should be defined architecture governance should address content integration - architectural compliance Content frameworks, can be used to specify standard building blocks and artifacts that are the subject of content integration standards Slide 6 of 9
  • 41. Architecture Repository High level classes of architectural held within an Architecture Repository: The Architecture Metamodel describes the organizationally tailored application of an architecture framework. The Architecture Capability defines the parameters, structures, and processes for governance of the Architecture Repository. The Architecture Landscape presents an architectural representation of assets in use. The Standards Information Base captures the standards to which architecture must comply. The Reference Library provides guidelines, templates, patterns, and other forms of reference material . The Governance Log provides a record of governance activity across the enterprise. Slide 8 of 9
  • 43. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 47. Architecture governance is the practice and orientation by which enterprise architectures and other architectures are managed and controlled at an enterprise- wide level. Architecture governance typically operate within a hierarchy of governance structures, Corporate governance Technology governance IT governance Architecture governance Slide 3 of 13
  • 48. Characteristics of Governance Discipline All involved parties will have a commitment to adhere to procedures, processes, and authority structures established by the organization. Transparency All actions implemented and their decision support will be available for inspection by authorized organization and provider parties. Independence All processes, decision-making, and mechanisms used will be established so as to minimize or avoid potential conflicts of interest. Accountability Identifiable groups within the organization - e.g., governance boards who take actions or make decisions - are authorized and accountable for their actions. Responsibility Each contracted party is required to act responsibly to the organization and its stakeholders. Fairness All decisions taken, processes used, and their implementation will not be allowed to create unfair advantage to any one particular party. Slide 4 of 13
  • 49. Architecture Skills Framework A typical architecture team undertaking the development of an enterprise architecture as described in TOGAF would comprise the following roles: Architecture Board Members Architecture Sponsor Architecture Manager Architects for: Enterprise Architecture (which for the purpose of the tables shown next slides can be considered as a superset of Business, Data, Application, and Technology Architecture) Business Architecture Data Architecture Application Architecture Technology Architecture Program and/or Project Managers IT Designer And many others ... Slide 5 of 13
  • 51. Generic Skills 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 7 of 13
  • 52. Business Skills & Methods 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 8 of 13
  • 53. Enterprise Architecture Skills 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 9 of 13
  • 54. Program or Project Management Skills 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 10 of 13
  • 55. IT General Knowledge Skills 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 11 of 13
  • 56. Technical IT Skills 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 12 of 13
  • 57. Legal Environment 4 - Expert 3 - Knowledge 2 - Awareness 1- Background Slide 13 of 13
  • 58. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 59. Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM
  • 60. TRM as Foundation Architecture • which defines terminology, and provides a coherent description of Taxonomy the components and conceptual structure of an information system TRM • which provides a visual representation of the taxonomy, as Graphic an aid to understanding Slide 1 of 11
  • 61. Technical Reference Model - High-Level View Slide 2 of 11
  • 62. The high-level TRM seeks to emphasize two major common architectural objectives: Application Portability • via the Application Platform Interface Interoperability • via the Communications Infrastructure Interface Slide 3 of 11
  • 63. Detailed Technical Reference Model (Showing Service Categories) Slide 4 of 11
  • 64. Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model • which defines terminology, and provides a coherent description of the Taxonomy components and conceptual structure of an integrated information infrastructure • which provides a visual representation of III-RM the taxonomy, and the inter-relationship of the components, as an aid to Graphic understanding Slide 5 of 11
  • 66. An approach to Boundaryless Information Flow (Enterprise Portals) Slide 7 of 11
  • 67. Liberate Data Silos to Meet Information Needs of Cross-Functional Enterprise Teams Slide 8 of 11
  • 68. Information Provider Applications Liberate Data by Providing Open Interfaces to Data Silos Slide 9 of 11
  • 69. Brokerage Applications Integrate Information from Information Provider Applications Slide 10 of 11
  • 70. Information Consumer Applications Communicate using Open Interfaces Slide 11 of 11
  • 71. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 73. Content Metamodel The content metamodel provides a definition of all the types of building blocks that may exist within an architecture, showing how these building blocks can be described and related to one another. For example, when creating an architecture, an architect will identify applications, "data entities" held within applications, and technologies that implement those applications. These applications will in turn support particular groups of business user or actor, and will be used to fulfil "business services". Slide 1 of 6
  • 75. Core and Extension Content The role of TOGAF is to provide an open standard for architecture that is applicable in many scenarios and situations. In order to meet this vision, it is necessary to provide a fully featured enterprise architecture metamodel for content and also to provide the ability to avoid carrying out unnecessary activities by supporting tailoring. The metamodel must provide a basic model with the minimum feature set and then support the inclusion of optional extensions during engagement tailoring. Slide 3 of 6
  • 76. TOGAF Content Metamodel and its Extensions Slide 4 of 6
  • 77. Artifacts Associated with the Core Content Metamodel and Extensions Slide 5 of 6
  • 78. Interactions between Metamodel, Building Blocks, Diagrams, and Stakeholders Slide 6 of 6
  • 79. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up
  • 81. TOGAF is not a tool but a framework to implement the Enterprise Architecture in an organization It is divided into Content Framework, Architecture repository and ADM process Implementation of TOGAF involves more of logical work of understanding business and align IT infrastructure & services according business needs (Actual physical implementation is done by app. Development team which in turn is managed by PMO) TOGAF can be implemented along with other frameworks such as ITIL, COBIT, SOA etc. It gives the complete picture of existing IT infrastructure and targeted architecture which aids in quick decision making and proper planning. Slide 1 of 2
  • 83. Agenda  Introduction to IT Architecture The Open Group Architecture Framework – TOGAF© Core Concepts Introduction to Phases of ADM Enterprise Continuum Governance Reference Model – TRM / IIIRM Content Framework Wrap up