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1. Common Laboratory procedures: Nursing Responsibilities and Implications

4. Blood tests

9. Table. 11.2

11. CBC PARASITIC infection Increased Eosinophils CHRONIC bacterial infection VIRAL infection Increased Lymphocytes ACUTE bacterial infection Increased Neutrophils More than 10, 000 Increased WBC (Leukocytosis) 5-10,000 cell/cm3 Normal WBC count

16. Blood Chemistry SLE diagnosis Anti-DNA antibody For Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid factor Gout detection Uric acid Identifies Cardiac damage or muscle damage CK-MB, LDH and Troponin Liver function test SGOT/SGPT Purpose Enzymes/acids

17. Blood Chemistry Measures Platelet function Bleeding time 1-9 minutes Same as PTT, measures effectiveness of HEPARIN (more specific than PTT) aPTT 30-40 seconds The BEST single screening test for coagulation disorders PTT 60-70 seconds Measures the effectiveness of Warfarin PT 12-16 seconds Purpose Coagulation studies

18. Blood Chemistry To detect hyperlipidemia Blood lipids Cholesterol= 150-200 mg/dL Triglycerides= 140-200 mg/dL Measures the rate at which the RBCs settle out of the anti-coagulated blood Elevates in inflammation auto immune diseases ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) 10-20 mm/hour Purpose Others

25. ABG interpretation Metabolic >26 Metabolic <22 22-26 mEq/L HCO3 Respiratory <35 Respiratory >45 35-45 mmHg paCO2 95-98% SaO2 95-100 mmHg paO2 Above 7.45 Below 7.35 7.35-7.45 pH Alkalosis Acidosis Normal Value

26. Urine exams

33. Stool Exams

37. Sputum Exams

40. Visualization: DIRECT and INDIRECT

43. GI tract Visualization

68. urinary visualization

74. Pulmonary test

88. Heart exams

91. 2 D-echocardiogram

94. arteriography

96. Spinal column

98. Myelography

105. Scans

109. MRI

110. PET scan

111. Bone Scan

112. Aspiration and Biopsy

123. Thoracentesis

130. Others

141. Tubes and drainage

143. Salem Sump tube

145. T-tube

147. Hemovac

148. Jackson-Pratt

149. Penrose

161. Weber

162. Rinne’s

163. Rinne’s

165. END