Lecture about Augmented Reality displays given by Mark Billinghurst on October 11th 2016 as part of the COMP 4010 class on Virtual Reality at the University of South Australia
1. LECTURE 9: AR
TECHNOLOGY: DISPLAYS
AND TRACKING
COMP 4010 – Virtual Reality
Semester 5 – 2016
Bruce Thomas, Mark Billinghurst
University of South Australia
October 11th 2016
2. Augmented Reality Definition
• Defining Characteristics [Azuma 97]
• Combines Real andVirtual Images
• Both can be seen at the same time
• Interactive in real-time
• The virtual content can be interacted with
• Registered in 3D
• Virtual objects appear fixed in space
Azuma, R. T. (1997). A survey of augmented reality. Presence, 6(4), 355-385.
3. Augmented RealityTechnology
! Combining Real and Virtual Images
• Display technologies
! Interactive in Real-Time
• Input and interactive technologies
! Registered in 3D
• Viewpoint tracking technologies
Display
Processing
Input Tracking
8. Head Mounted Displays (HMD)
• Display and Optics mounted on Head
• May or may not fully occlude real world
• Provide full-color images
• Considerations
• Cumbersome to wear
• Brightness
• Low power consumption
• Resolution limited
• Cost is high?
9. Types of Head Mounted Displays
Occluded
See-thru
Multiplexed
16. Strengths of optical see-throughAR
• Simpler (cheaper)
• Direct view of real world
• Full resolution, no time delay (for real world)
• Safety
• Lower distortion
• No eye displacement
• but some video see-through displays avoid this
22. Strengths ofVideo See-ThroughAR
• True occlusion
• Kiyokawa optical display that supports occlusion
• Digitized image of real world
• Flexibility in composition
• Matchable time delays
• More registration, calibration strategies
• Wide FOV is easier to support
23. Optical vs.VideoAR Summary
• Both have proponents
• Video is more popular today?
• Likely because lack of available optical products
• Depends on application?
• Manufacturing: optical is cheaper
• Medical: video for calibration strategies
30. DisplayTechnology
• Curved Mirror
• off-axis projection
• curved mirrors in front of eye
• high distortion, small eye-box
• Waveguide
• use internal reflection
• unobstructed view of world
• large eye-box
31. See-through thin displays
• Waveguide techniques for thin see-through displays
• Wider FOV, enable AR applications
• Social acceptability
Opinvent Ora
Lumus DK40
49. Virtual Showcase
• Mirrors on a projection table
• Head tracked stereo
• Up to 4 users
• Merges graphic and real objects
• Exhibit/museum applications
• Fraunhofer Institute (2001)
• Bimber, Frohlich