care and management of pregnant animals in ruminants and swine

1. CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF
PREGNANT ANIMALS IN
RUMINANTS AND SWINE
SUBMITTED BY,
MANU MOHAN
2016041032

2. RUMINANTS
• Ruminants are mammals that are able to
acquire nutrients from plant-based food
by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior
to digestion, principally through microbial
actions.

3. • The process typically requires the fermented
ingesta (known as cud) to be regurgitated and
chewed again.
• The process of rechewing the cud to further
break down plant matter and stimulate
digestion is called rumination.
• Ruminants include cattle, goats, sheep,
giraffes, yaks, deer, antelope, and
some macropods (kangaroos).

4. CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF CATTLE
• Identify pregnant animal after 90 days of
artificial insemination if animal does comes to
heat again.
• Provide gentle treatment.
• First quarter of gestation period are critical.
• In early periods of pregnancy disturbances can
cause abortion.
• Provide concentrate feed 3.5 kg per day.

5. • Provide 25-35 kg. Greed fodder per day and 5
kg paddy straw.
• Minimum 45-60 days of dry period is
essential.
• Avoid long distance travel.
• Avoid slippery condition in the shed.
Avoid chasing by dogs bulls or children.
• Avoid infighting between pregnant animals.

6. • Separate pregnant animals from recently
aborted animals or carriers of diseases like
Brucellosis.
• Provide adequate clean drinking water.
• Protect against extremes of climate.
• A few days before the probable day of sowing,
cow should be transferred to individual calving
pens.

7. • Pregnant cow may be transferred to calving
pen to 1-2 weeks before the expected date.
• The number of calving pens required on a
farm depends on the number of breedable
cows and heifer, generally 5 percent of this
number.
• Ample amount of drinking water, laxative feed
and generous supply of bedding may be
provided.

8. • 4-6 days before calving, the additional
metabolisable energy is 15 - 20 MJ / Day
• And additional crude protein is 5 to 20 MJ per
Day

9. CONCENTRATE FEEDS
SESAME OIL CAKE

10. SOYBEAN OIL CAKE

11. CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF
PREGNANT DOE AND EWE
• The ewes/ does in advanced stage of pregnancy
should be separated from the flock and effective
care should be taken in their feeding.
• Extra feeding during the later stage of pregnancy
(3-4 weeks before parturition) will be beneficial
for the condition of the pre-parturient ewes
which will help in improving milk production of
ewes and birth weight and growth of lambs.

12. • Ewe/ doe in advanced stage of pregnancy
should be kept in a separate lambing corals or
shed 4 -6 days before parturition and
maximum comfort like soft clean bedding and
individual lambing pen should be provided.
• Ewe/doe should be protected from chilly
weather condition.

13. CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF
PREGNANT ANIMALS IN SWINE
• Give special attention to pregnant sows one
week before farrowing by providing adequate
space, feed, water etc.
• The sows as well as farrowing pens should be
disinfected 3-4 days before the expected date
of farrowing and the sows should be placed in
the farrowing pen after bedding it properly.

14. • The pregnant female may be dewormed 2-3
weeks before farrowing and prior to admitting
into the farrowing pen.
• Spray with external parasiticide (1% solution of
malathi
• Scrub the under surface, sides, interdigital space
and udder to remove dirt, eggs of parasites,
disease germs etc. with soap and water just
before moving into the farrowing pen.

15. • Move the clean animal to the clean pen 10
days before farrowing.on/cythion, butox. 0.05
%).

17. THANK YOU