SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 60
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Hospital
SERVICES
Library Study
HOSPITAL: 250 BEDDED
Case Study
GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, SEC. 32, CHANDIGARH
Submitted By:
Amit Jakhad (14010)
Mansi Pushpakar (14034)
Prerna Chouhan (14044)
Sahil (14048)
Library Study | References
INTRODUCTION
250 BEDDED HOSPITAL
We are required to design a 250 Bedded Hospital, as per the standard requirements and the hospital site. The design
has to be functionally efficient and aesthetically striking landmark in the locality.
Planning Norms:
- Maximum Coverage at Ground Level : 40%
- FAR : 1.5
- Maximum Permissible Height : 30M
- Setbacks :
- Two level basement permitted to be used for
parking, storage and services (area not to be
included in the covered area)
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
INTRODUCTION
Government Medical College & Hospital
Government Medical College and Hospital is a medical school and a tertiary care hospital located in Chandigarh, India.
The medical school is administered by Panjab University.
Year of Establishment: 1991
Site Area: 36 Acres (15 ha)
Number of beds:
Approach:
Gate No. 1 – Through service lane along Dakshin Marg
Gate No. 2 – Through service lane along Dakshin Marg
Gate No. 3 – Through V5 Road
Gate No 1
Gate No 2 Gate No 3
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
INTRODUCTION
Government Medical College & Hospital
BLOCK-A: Emergency Block
(Five Floors (45,000 sq.ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 2,25,000 sq.ft.)
• Level-I : Obstetrics & Gynecology Wards, Antenatal Ward, Neonatal Ward, Labor Rooms, Premature Nursey, Gynecology
OT
• Level-II : Medical Emergency, Surgical Emergency, Overflow Wards, Labs, X-Rays, Ultrasound, Emergency OT
• Level-III : Craniospinal Ward, Orthopedics Ward, Cardiothoracic & Abdominal Ward, Burns Unit Ward, ICU, PICU,
Gynecology OT
• Level-IV : Pediatrics Wards, Pediatrics Emergency, NICU, Dialysis Unit, Dermatology-Oncology-Dental Ward, Psychiatry
Ward, Lecture Theatre
• Level-V : Private Wards, Pulmonary Medicine Isolation Ward, Canteen, Lecture Theatre
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
INTRODUCTION
Government Medical College & Hospital
BLOCK-B: OPD Block
(5+1 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 2,58,000 sq. ft.)
• Basement : Central Registration Records, Central/Pharmacy Stores
• Level-I : Reception, Registration Counters, Canteen, Sample Collection Centre, General OPD (12 Cabins, Screening Area),
Information Technology Centre, CT Scan
• Level-II : Obstetrics & Gynecology OPD & MOT, Family Planning Clinic, Antenatal Clinic, Post-Partum Clinic, Radiotherapy
OPD, Department of Community Medicine
• Level-III : General Surgery OPD, Orthopedics OPD, ENT OPD, Radio-diagnosis Facilities, DEXA Scan, Diabetic Clinic
• Level-IV : Eye OPD, Pulmonary Medicine OPD, Dermatology OPD, Psychiatry OPD, Daycare Oncology Ward
• Level-V : Medical OPD, Pediatric OPD, Department of Forensic Medicine, Library
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
INTRODUCTION
Government Medical College & Hospital
BLOCK-C: IPD Block
(7+2 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 3,87,000 sq. ft.)
• Level-00 : Hospital Laundry, Engg. Services, AC Plant, Electricity Substation, Pump Room, Generator Room, Boiler Room
• Level-0 : Central Stores
• Level-I : Main Kitchen, Canteen, Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD), Mortuary
• Level-II : Surgery OT, High Dependency Ward (HPU)
• Level-III : Eye, ENT, Orthopedics OT, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
• Level-IV : Male & Female Orthopedics Wards, Male & Female Surgery Wards
• Level-V : Eye Ward, ENT Ward, Medical Labs (Endoscopy, Neurology, Echo/TMT etc.), Cardiac Care Unit
• Level-VI : Male & Female General Medicine Wards, Pulmonary Medicine Ward, Examination Hall
• Level-VII : Private Wards
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
INTRODUCTION
Government Medical College & Hospital
BLOCK-D: Administrative Block
(5+1 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 2,78,000 sq. ft.)
• Level-0 : Stores, Records
• Level-I : Radiogonisis, Radiotherapy, ATM, Chemist, Provision Shops, Bank
• Level-II : Director/Principal Office, Additional Director (Admn.) Office, Medical Superintendent Office, Nursing
Superintendent Office, RTI Cell, Academic Branch, Blood Bank, Oral Health Care Centre
• Level-III : ENT, Ophthalmology, Orthopedics
• Level-IV : Obstetrics & Gynecology, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Pediatrics, General Medicine
• Level-V : Dermatology, Psychiatry, Pulmonary Medicine
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
INTRODUCTION
Government Medical College & Hospital
BLOCK-E: Academic Block
(7+2 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 3,87,000 sq. ft.)
• Level-00 : Parking
• Level-0 : Stores & Records, Gym
• Level-I : Reception, Anatomy, Lecture Theatre
• Level-II : Physiology, Bio-Chemistry, Lecture Theatre
• Level-III : Pathology & Hematology, Lecture Theatre
• Level-IV : Microbiology, Forensic Medicine, Lecture Theatre
• Level-V : Pharmacology, Community Medicine, Lecture Theatre
• Level-VI : Nursing, Audio-Visual/Photography/Medicine Illustrations, Lecture Theatre
• Level-VII : Conference Halls, Examination Hall, Staff Canteen, Students Canteen, Boys & Girls Common Room
Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984
FIRE SAFETY | Installations
Minnimum requirements for fire fighting installations.
less than 15 m
house reel,wet riser,down comer,manually operated electric fire alarm system,automatic detection and alarm system
are required.
• 10,000l under ground water tank upto 750sqm and 10,000l for every additional 250sqm is required.
• 2,500 overhead water tank is required in case of hose reel, 20,000l in case of down comer is required.
15m and above but not excceding 30m
• in addition to above mentioned installations yard hydrant and automatic operated electric fire alarm system are required.
• 2,00,000l underground water tank is required
• 20,000l overhead water tank is required.
LOCATION AND SIZE OF FIRE DUCTS
• fire duct of 1.2m by 0.6m is to be placed near each fire exit, lift lobby.
LOCATION OF FIRE ALARMS
• alarm should be audible in administrative block,engineering service block, offices, fire office and such other locations where gongs,
sirens,whistles or bells do not disturb the patients.
• distinctive visual alarm should be installed at each nursing station, and nurse duty room.
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
FIRE SAFETY | Installations
fire fighting installations in gmch-32
• fire hydrants were installed in entrance of each department on each floor of
each block
• fire exhtingushers were installed in each corridor and rooms.
• sprinkler were provided not provided in waiting areas.
Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984
FIRE SAFETY | Escape Routes
Staircase
fire exit staircase after every 30m in building is to be provided.
• Staircase shall be of enclosed type to prevent entry of smoke & fire to the staircase & vice versa.
• Access to the basement from the ground should be through a separate staircase, which is not connected to main staircase
• stair pressurization fan shaft is to be provided in fire escape staircase to push smoke back.
RAMPS
• The slope of a ramp shall not exceed 1 in 10. in certain cases steeper slopes may be permitted but in no case greater than 1 in 8
• Ramps shall be surfaced with non slipping material
Emergency and escape lighting
• Emergency lighting shall be powered from a source independent of that supplying the normal lighting
• Escape lighting shall be capable of:
- indicating clearly and unambiguously the escape routs.
- Providing adequate illumination and illumination along such routs to allow safe movement
- ensuring that the fire alarm call points and fire fighting equipment provided along escape routes can be readily located
• Horizontal luminance at the floor level on centreline of escape rout shall not be less than 10 lux
• Emergency lighting system shall be capable of continue operation for minimum duration of 1 hr 30 mins
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
FIRE SAFETY | Escape Routes
Staircase
• fire escape staircase were completelly enclosed.
• no fire escape route plans were placed .
• no signage for fire escape directions were provided.
Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984
LIGHTING |
ILLUMINATION
daylight is extreemly important in hospital for hygine maintaince.
• only radiology labs and O.T. rooms are kept in dark areas.
• artificial lighting
• The occupancy of hospital is quite varied and very dynamic.
• Lighting need for every occupant is very different from the other, and sometimes even conflicting.
• Physical and visual environment of hospitals impacts the psychological senses of the patient, the staff and the relatives.
• Efficiently designed lighting system satisfies the visual, biological and emotional needs of the user, and caters to different
dimensions of the human needs.
• Affects biological activity of a person, influencing body functions, concentration and creating relaxed environments.
• Dynamic white light: ceiling modules that provide daylight rhythm are mainly povided.
-shadowless lights shall be provide in operation theaters and operating delivery rooms whereas in other areas, where
operations of minor nature are carried out shadowless lamps shall be provided.
-emergency lighting- portable light units should also be provided in the wards and departments to serve as alternative
source of light in case of power faliure.
-call bells switches should be provided for all beds in all types of wards with indicator lights and location indicator situated
in the nurse duty room of wards.
Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984
LIGHTING |
ILLUMINATION LEVEL IN DIFFERENT ROOMS OF HOSPITAL
• Illuminance is the measure of illumination defined as
the ‘ratio of luminous flux incident on an infinitesimal
element of the surface containing the point under
consideration to the area of the element.
• IS Code 4347 Illumination level for hospitals varies
from 100 lux in patient’s room to 1,00,000 lux in
operation theatres.
• Fixtures that incorporate non-ferrous materials must
be considered when designing MRI areas
• Contrast ratios, glare and uniformity in relation to
adjacent areas must be considered when designing
these lighting applications.
• Dramatic differences in light levels should be avoided.
• Light levels should be gradually increased as one
enters the grounds, allowing for safe entry.
• Soft and comfortable lighting, with full luminous surface
Glare-free light for visual comfort is to be provided in
patient room.
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
LIGHTING |
NATURAL LIGHTING
• each block is provide with
open to sky cut out for
natural light ventillation
• large windows are provided
in d block entrance lobby
• .ramps and staircase
are having sufficiant
natural light.
ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING
• wards, waiting areas and lift lobby
were not getting proper day light.
Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
ELECTRICAL|
ELECTRICAL PANNEL ROOM
• l.v. rooms of 12sqm are to be provided at each floor.
• minimum 2 pannel rooms are required of 17.5 sqm.
• electrical rooms are kept distant to gas supply room.
• electrical shaft with l.v. shaft is 2m by 0.5m.
• electric pannel room in gmch -32 was located in basement
of IPD block.
Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Introduction
A complete system that comprises a supply system, a monitoring and alarm system, and a distribution system with
terminal units at the points where medical gases or vacuum is required.
Color Coding
Medical gases as a definition they are specific gases that separate from the air
individually and the commonly used in hospitals are:
1- Oxygen O2 - White colored pipes
2- Nitrous Oxide N2O - Blue colored pipes
3- Medical air (4 Bar) - White/salmon pink colored pipes
4- Medical air (7 Bar) - Black/white colored pipes
5- Medical Vacuum - Yellow colored pipes
6- Carbon Dioxide CO2 - Grey colored pipes
7- Nitrogen N2 - Black/Green colored pipes
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Color Codes:
Provided pipelines
- Nitrous Oxide N2O - Blue colored pipes
- Medical Vacuum - Yellow colored pipes
- Carbon Dioxide CO2 - Grey colored pipes
Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Components
1- Medical gas pipeline
2- Medical Oxygen plant
3- Medical Nitrous oxide
4- Medical compressed air plant
5- Vacuum plant
6- Terminal units
7- Regulators
8- Shutoff valves
9- Bedhead unit
10- Ceiling pendant
11- Warning and alarm system
12- Accessories
Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Components Provided:
- Medical Gas Pipelines
- Shutoff valves
- Warning and Alarm System
- Regulators
- Bedhead Units
- Vacuum Pipe
Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Location of Supply System
- Liquid oxygen supply systems or storage facilities should be provided in area more than 570 m3 (20 000 ft3).
- Rooftop locations should be avoided.
- Services containing combustible gases or liquids shall not be in the same room or enclosure as medical gas supply
systems.
- Outdoor Enclosures:
a. where constituted of fences, walls, or similar constructions, have a minimum height of 1.8 m (6 ft) above grade
surrounding the enclosure
b. be located at least 5 m (16 ft) from electrical utility services and any transformers that are not part of the source unit
c. not be located within 8 m (26 ft) of storage tanks containing flammable gas or locations where flammable gases can be
discharged (i.e., from a relief valve)
- Compressor:
a. at least 3m from any door or operable window and 15 m from any exhaust, such as vacuum pump discharge or
sanitary vent exhaust
b. in a location where it will not draw in contamination from exhaust systems (for eg. Contamination from furnace, diesel
or gasoline engines, vacuum systems etc.)
Design
- The outside walls of rooms for cylinder supply
systems shall be built of materials having a
fire rating of at least 1 hour.
- Doors to the room shall open outwards and personnel
shall be able to open the doors from the inside
without a key.
- Electrical wall fixtures in rooms for supply systems
shall be positioned at least 1.5 m (5 ft) above the floor
to avoid physical damage.
- The ambient temperature in rooms for supply systems
shall not exceed 40°C for any gas and shall not be less
than 15°C for nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide.
- Ventilation: Provided that the room has venting with a
total free area of at least 465 cm2.
- The outlets of pressure relief vent pipes shall be at least
3 m from any door, operable window, or ventilation intake
and located so that discharges will not endanger passersby.
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Design
- Duct size: 2’-6” x 2’-0”
- The MGPS and manifold room is located in the Level-00 of Block-C (IPD)
- The ducts run throughout the buildings, branching along every kind of wards and units.
- Gas pipelines and shutoff valves are provided along with every bed unit.
- Gas pressure monitors and alarm monitors & sensors are provided at every branching of gas
pipelines.
Medical Gas Pipelines, different colors with different gases
Gas Pressure Controllers & Monitors
Shutoff Valves
Manifold Room
- In case of breakdown of control panel of oxygen
and nitrous oxide, an emergency kit ensures
supply of gas through the pipes.
- Emergency kit comprises a regulator and high
pressure tubing to a bulk cylinder
- The gas is fed directly to the pipeline through a
service outlet.
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
Manifold Room
• This unit houses cylinders of oxygen, nitrous gas and other medical gases.
• Required pressure is maintained. The gases are supplied to the main hospital building by underground pipes. A
vacuum pump is located in this block to generated vacuum.
• The supply of various gases on each floor is provided in the form of ducts along with the fire hydrants placed near
to it. Such provision is given at two places on each floor.
• Outlets are laid along the walls at the bed side in different colors at a height of 4’6”.
• Block-A : 1- D.G. set, 2 – vacuum pump, 1- air receiver, 2 – vacuum receiver, 19- small cylinders, 1- compressor.
• Block-C : LT panel (415 volts), 2 nos. compressor (30 hp each), 2 nos. vacuum pumps (7.5 hp each), 2 nos. vacuum
cylinders, 1 no. air cylinder, 2 cylinders if glare removes water from gas.
• 150 nos. oxygen – black, nitrous gas – 12 nos. for emergency, 1 tank liquid gas.
Introduction
Health Information & Communication Technology (ICT) is the
use of the information technology to improve the process of
healthcare delivery and is concerned primarily in streamlining
administration and putting information into the hands of
point-of-care professionals.
- Telephones
- Wireless
- Security Systems
- Computers
- Office Equipment
- Fax
- Photostat
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Library Study | NBC 2016 – Part 2
Functions
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Library Study | NBC 2016 – Part 2
Design
- During the time and technology, when the hospital was built, no
fancy systems (for eg Wireless, Modem, Router etc) were
introduced.
- Hence, with growth in technology, it was important to
accommodate a necessary service, ie ICT in the hospital for its
easy functioning.
- All the services relating to ICT were then installed.
- Modems and Routers for easy internet access are installed in the
hospital.
- Every unit of them is provided throughout the floors using Conduit
wiring system.
- Conduit material - PVC
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
Design
- All the conduits run along the ceiling or the corner of the
ceiling.
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
- The branched conduit wires enclose in 6’-0” x 1’-0” panel
- The panel is located along with the other services and their
ducts
Introduction:
Water is one of the critical utilities in a hospital, yet it is often taken
for granted. Much of the hospital engg. Services is concerned
with installing, repairing and maintaining the system that deliver
utilities and services.
Sources of Water Supply:
- Bore Wells
- Tanker Supply
- Recycled Water
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Library Study | IS CODE-1984
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Types of Water Supply:
Normal water - Arrangement shall be made to supply the following quantities of potable water per bed per day to meet all
requirements ( including laundry ), except fire-fighting, in all categories of hospital:
Hot water - Hot water supply to wards and departments of the general hospital shall be provided
by means of electric storage type water heaters or centralized hot water
Filtered and soft water - Filtered and soft water supply is required in pathology laboratories and shell be supplied as
requirements.
Cold water - Cold water supply is needed for processing tanks in film developing room and shall be supplied as required.
Library Study | NBC 2016 – Part 2
The minimum requirement of any hospital shall be
in accordance with the National Building Code:
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
WATER SUPPLY
• Total daily consumption of water = 1,00,000 liters
• 40 nos. tank – 5000 liters each. Total capacity = 2,00,000 liters
• U.G.W.T. = 5 nos. – 3,00,000 liters each
• Induction – 2 motors (32 amp & 25 hp) – 1460 rpm, load = 18.5
kw.
• Source of water supply – Ropar to pump house at sector- 39 to
G.M.C.H. , sector-32.
•Duct Size: 4’-0” x 2’-0”
LAUNDRY
• Laundry generates steam as well as sound. So it is segregated from
the main areas. Two washing machines are kept here, with capacity
of 50 kg per cycle & 45 mins/cycle.
•A machine capacity is 250 bed sheets pressed per hour
• Rinsing, drying and ironing are also provided in this area
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
SEWERAGE & DRAINAGE
• All toilets waste is disposed through disposal pipes
running through shafts
• Separate pipes used for waste water
• Soil pipes
– G.I. pipes 100 mm, waste water pipe
– C.I. pipes 100 mm & rain water pipe – 100 mm
• Curb inlets – at the edges of the roads to drain water
MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
• Hot water is supplied to the building by solar heaters placed on the
top of the roof
• Over head storage capacity of hot water is 2000 liters
• Service ducts are not left open, but are covered and provided with
access doors for repair and maintenance.
Library Study | IS CODE-1984
PUBLIC HEALTH | Sanitation
Library Study | IS CODE-1984
PUBLIC HEALTH | Sanitation
Library Study | http://www.hillyork.com
HVAC | Introduction
Importance Of A Hospital HVAC System
Hospital air conditioning and hospital ventilation systems are required to meet higher standards of performance and
serve a greater function than those in standard buildings.
Hospital HVAC system design presents unique challenges due to the level of demands placed on the it, the heating and
cooling loads and the requirements for dependability and hygiene.
A hospital air conditioning system also has the added challenge of integrating with a number of other complex systems
not present in conventional buildings.
These specifications cover the following types of air-conditioning, heating, ventilation and cold room works:
i) Window AC , Split AC
ii) VRV/ VRF type Air-conditioning System
iii) Packaged type Air- conditioning plants
iv) Central air-conditioning system
v) Central heating system.
HVAC | Introduction
vi) Mechanical ventilation system :
a) General Ventilation
b) Basement Parking & Shaft Ventilation
vii) Evaporative type Air Cooling Plant.
viii) Cold rooms.
Colour scheme for the equipment's and components
i) Colour scheme for equipment like chilling unit, pumps, AHUs, cooling tower etc. shall be as per manufacturer‘s
standard colour scheme.
ii) The scheme of colour code painting of pipe work services for air conditioning installation shall be as per National
building code and is indicated below:
Description Ground colour Lettering colour First colour band
Condenser water piping Sea Green Black French Blue
Chilled water piping Sea Green Black Black
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
HVAC | Introduction
Description Ground colour Lettering colour First colour band
Central heating piping Sea Green Black Canary Yellow
Drain pipe Black White
Valves and pipe line
fittings
White with black
handles
Black
Belt guard Black & Yellow
diagonal strips
Black
Machine Bases, Inertia
Bases and Plinth
Charcoal Grey Black
iii) Colour bands shall be 150mm wide, superimposed on ground colour to distinguish type and condition of fluids.
The spacing of band shall not exceed 4.0m.
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
Scope - This outlines the general guidelines for planning space requirements, equipment location, floor loading & other
structural requirements for various types of HVAC systems.
Heating
Heaters are appliances whose purpose is to generate heat (i.e. warmth) for the building. This can be done via central
heating.
Central heating system
Space Requirements -
i) The space requirement shall depend upon the type and capacity of the hot water generator chosen for the work and
its overall dimensions.
ii) Sufficient space shall be left all around the hot water generator for maintenance and operation purpose.
iii) Space shall also be provided for the auxiliary equipments such as hot water circulating pumps and electrical control
panels.
iv) The minimum clear height of hot water generator room shall be 4.5 m
HVAC | Heating
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
HVAC | Heating
v) Sufficient space should also be provided for the storage of fuel in case of oil fired hot water generator. Though the
daily service tank shall be provided within the room, bulk storage tank may be provided outside the buildings, either
above or below ground level.
vi) Use of HSD/ LDO oil fired hot water generator has been discontinued due to pollution & fire safety considerations.
Equipment Location -
i) The hot water generator room shall preferably be located in a separate service building from the fire safety point of
view. The room shall have easy accessibility for moving in and out the equipments.
ii) Electrically operated hot water generator shall preferably be located in close proximity to the electrical substation,
especially in the case of large capacity hot water generator.
Structural Requirements -
i) The floor loading of the hot water generator room shall be 2000 Kg/sq m.
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
HVAC | Ventilation
Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of changing or replacing air in any space to control temperature or remove any combination
of moisture, odour, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria, or carbon dioxide, and to replenish oxygen. Ventilation
includes both the exchange of air with the outside as well as circulation of air within the building.
Design Considerations –
Following considerations provide details regarding the various parameters that affect the type of ventilation system
selected for a particular application, and the sizing of the ventilation plant:
National Building Code of India 2005 specified the ventilation requirement as per following table:
Ventilation Requirement for various areas in various buildings :
Application Air Change per hour Application Air Change per hour
Bathrooms 6-10 Entrance halls 3-5
Corridors 5-10 Hospital –sterilizing 15-25
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
CMM required for ventilation system is thus calculated Based on the volume of the room and from the above table as-
(no. of air changes/ hour) X (volume in cu. m of space to be ventilated)
CMM = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
60
CMM required for Basement Parking Ventilation
i) Divide the basement in zones of area not exceeding 3000 sqm. in case sprinkler system is provided in basement, if
not, then not exceeding else 750 sqm.
ii) For each zone separate set of supply air fans and exhaust air fans shall be provided. Supply air fans shall not be
required in areas in zone near Ramps or zone with natural ventilation, however sufficiency may be examined.
iii) Minimum 12 air changes/hrs. are required to be provided.
HVAC | Ventilation
Application Air Change per hour Application Air Change per hour
Hospital –ward 6-8 Laboratories 6-15
Hospital domestic 15-20 Laundries 10-30
Stores and Warehouses 3-6 Toilets 6-10
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
Library Study | NBC 2005
HVAC | Ventilation
Natural Ventilation
Natural ventilation is the ventilation of a building with outside air without using fans or other mechanical systems. It
can be via operable windows, louvers, or trickle vents when spaces are small and the architecture permits.
Three base elements are in natural ventilation design that includes: knowledge about air flow, base air flow, and
calculation the opening location and area.
Maximize wind-induced ventilation by siting the ridge of a building perpendicular to the summer winds.
Naturally ventilated buildings should be narrow. It is difficult to distribute fresh air to all portions of a very wide building
using natural ventilation. The maximum width that one could expect to ventilate naturally is estimated at 45 ft.
Consequently, buildings that rely on natural ventilation often have an articulated floor plan.
Each room should have two separate supply and exhaust openings.
- Site wind Speed = 10km/h
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
HVAC | Ventilation
Natural Ventilation
Hospital is well naturally ventilated.
Ventilation is done by windows, doors, central courts and cutouts.
Mechanical Ventilation
Mechanical ventilation is one of several forms of ventilation options available. It usually consists of fans, filters, ducts,
air diffusers and outlets for air distribution within the building. It may include either mechanical exhaust system or
exhaust can occur through natural means.
Space Requirement -
i) The space requirement for the equipments, air washers etc., shall be as per the manufacturer‘s recommendations.
ii) The minimum clear height of the equipment and air washer rooms shall be 3.6 m. The actual height required would
depend upon the capacity of the equipment and manufacturer‘s recommendation.
Equipment Location -
i) The plant room shall be located contiguous to the space to be ventilated to reduce the pressure drop in the system.
ii) Where air washers are also to be installed the room shall be treated with waterproof treatment and shall be located
adjacent to the blower room.
Floor loading & other Structural Requirements -
i) The floor loading of the plant room and air washer room shall be 2000 kg./sq.m
ii) The doors of the plant room and air washer room shall be single leaf, air tight and open able outside.
iii) The air washer room shall be provided with water and drain points.
HVAC | Ventilation
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
HVAC | Ventilation
Mechanical ventilation -
Ventilation Ducts in Basement
Air Conditioning
Air conditioning system, or a standalone air conditioner, provides cooling and humidity control for all or part of a
building. Air conditioned buildings often have sealed windows, because open windows would work against the system
intended to maintain constant indoor air conditions.
Packaged type plant
Space Requirements -
i) The floor area requirement for installation of the packaged type plant room shall be as under:
a) Single Unit : 3 m X 2.5 m
b) Double Units : 3 m X 4 m
c) Triple Units : 3 m X 5 m
ii) Dimensions indicated are clear space requirements. The minimum clear height of the packaged unit room shall be
same as that of the space to be air-conditioned to facilitate laying of ducts.
Equipment Location –
The packaged type plant room should be adjacent to the space to be air-conditioned.
HVAC | Air Conditioning
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
Central air conditioning plant
Space Requirements -
i) Minimum – 120 sq.m. Maximum – 150 sq. m.
ii) Additional space for circulation shall be taken as 20-25% of the above space.
iii) Provision shall also be kept for anticipated future requirements.
iv) The minimum clear height of the plant room shall be 3.6 m in case of Reciprocating plants and 4.5 m in case of
Centrifugal & Screw type plants.
v) The entrance to A.C. plant room for centrifugal / screw type units shall be through rolling shutter/ suitable door
shutters of steel or strong material to take self load having minimum width of 3 m & height not less than 4 m for
centrifugal/ screw type units & 3.5 m for reciprocating type units.
Equipment Location -
The plant room shall have easy accessibility for moving in and out of equipments and shall be well ventilated. The
location of the plant room shall also take into consideration the routing of the chilled water and condenser water lines
from the plant room. As far as possible the plant room should be in close proximity to the electrical substation, since
AC plant is main power load. The plant room shall be preferably located in a separate service building along with the
substation. Basements shall be avoided from the fire safety point of view.
HVAC | Air Conditioning
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
HVAC | Air Conditioning
Air Conditioning -
Air conditioning ducts
HVAC | AHU
AHU rooms
Space Requirements -
i) Floor area requirement for the AHU room shall be as under:
For AHUs upto 340 CMM : 4.5 m X 3.5 m
For AHUs between 340 CMM & 680 CMM : 5.5 m X 4.5 m
ii) The minimum clear height of the AHU room shall be the same as that of the air-conditioned space to facilitate laying
of ducts.
Equipment Location -
AHU rooms should be contiguous to the respective areas to be air-conditioned by them. Their location should also take
into consideration the feasibility of routing the ducts as well as provision of chilled water lines, water connections for
the humidification equipments, fresh air inlet point and drain outlets. In multistoried constructions, the AHUs should
be located in a vertical configuration to facilitate laying of chilled water lines. Individual AHUs shall not serve more than
one floor from the fire safety point of view. Similarly each fire compartment shall have a separate AHU. Where the
AHUs are located in the basement or in any floor below the air-conditioned floors, individual shafts shall be provided
for each AHU from the AHU room for the supply and return air, from the fire safety point of view.
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
HVAC | Cold rooms
Cold rooms
Space Requirements -
i) The space requirement shall have to be worked out in individual cases depending upon the system selected.
ii) Sufficient space should be kept around the equipments for operation and maintenance purposes.
iii) Normal room height in the building should be adequate for the equipment room as well as the cold room.
Equipment Location -
Plant Room
i) The plant room shall have to be necessarily adjacent to the cold room where direct expansion system is used.
ii) The plant room shall have easy accessibility for men and materials and shall be well ventilated. In an air-cooled
system, the condenser shall have to be located in a well ventilated space and preferably within the equipment room.
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
HVAC | Ducting
DUCTING
i) All ducts shall be fabricated either from Galvanised Sheet Steel (GSS) conforming to IS: 277 or aluminium sheets
conforming to IS:737. The steel sheets shall be hot dip galvanized with MAT finish with coating of minimum 120 grams
per square meter (GSM) of Zinc, GI sheets shall be lead free & eco friendly.
ii) The thickness of sheets for fabrication of rectangular ductwork shall be as under. The thickness required
corresponding to the longest side of the rectangular section shall be applicable for all the four sides of the ductwork.
Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
HVAC | Ducting
iii) All sheet metal connections, partitions and plenums required for flow of air through the filters, fans etc. shall be at
least 1.25 mm thick galvanised steel sheets, in case of G.I. sheet ducting or 1.8 mm thick aluminium sheet, in case of
aluminium sheet ducting and shall be stiffened with 25 mm x 25 mm x 3 mm angle iron braces.
iv) Circular ducts, where provided shall be of thickness as specified in IS:655 as amended upto date.
v) Aluminium ducting shall normally be used for clean room applications, hospitals works and wherever high
cleanliness standards are functional requirements.
Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327
Waste Management | Introduction
Hospital waste is “Any waste which is generated in the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or
animals or in research” in a hospital. This is also called ‘Bio-Medical Waste’ (BMW).
75-90% Non-Hazardous/General Waste
10-15% -Hazardous
Waste Categories Description and Examples
1.General Waste No risk to human health eg: office paper, wrapper, kitchen waste, general sweeping etc.
2.Pathological Waste Human Tissue or fluid eg: body parts, blood, body fluids etc.
3.Sharps Sharp waste eg: Needle, staples, knives, blades etc.
4.Infectious waste Which may transmit bacterial, viral or parasitic disease to human
being, waste suspected to contain pathogen eg :laboratory
culture, tissues(swabs)bandage etc.
5.Chemical waste eg. Laboratory reagent, disinfectants, Film Developer
6.Radio-active waste eg: unused liquid from radiotherapy or lab research, contaminated
glassware's etc.
Waste Management | Areas
Source of health care waste
• Governmental Hospital
• Private Hospital
• Nursing Homes
• Physician’s Office
• Dentist Office
• Dispensaries
• Mortuaries
• Blood Bank and collection centre
• Animal Houses
• Laboratories
• Research Organizations
Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327
Waste Management | Placements of Bins
Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327
Waste Management | Signage
Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

CASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSAR
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSARCASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSAR
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSARPrince Pathania
 
Green hospitals case study
Green hospitals case studyGreen hospitals case study
Green hospitals case studyfathima salim
 
FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY
FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY
FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY Prince Pathania
 
Literature study & analysis on hospital design
Literature study & analysis on hospital designLiterature study & analysis on hospital design
Literature study & analysis on hospital designBee Key Verma
 
Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)
Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)
Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)Mayank Aggarwal
 
Hospital library study
Hospital library studyHospital library study
Hospital library studyPragyaGoswami1
 
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptx
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptxCASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptx
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptxAliAzharRajput
 
Apollo Hospital case study
Apollo Hospital case studyApollo Hospital case study
Apollo Hospital case studyPulkit Yadav
 
Library study on hospital
Library study on hospital Library study on hospital
Library study on hospital manjul gambhir
 
Literature case study
Literature case studyLiterature case study
Literature case studyfathima salim
 
Loralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdf
Loralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdfLoralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdf
Loralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdfmubashra88
 
Report on hospital design
Report on hospital designReport on hospital design
Report on hospital designBee Key Verma
 
Fortis Hospital Mohali Case Study
Fortis Hospital Mohali Case StudyFortis Hospital Mohali Case Study
Fortis Hospital Mohali Case StudySourav Kumar
 
Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida
Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida
Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida NIKITA SHARMA
 
Continental hospital
Continental hospitalContinental hospital
Continental hospitalSandhya Sandy
 
Hospital Design Case Study
Hospital Design Case StudyHospital Design Case Study
Hospital Design Case StudyGargi Bhatele
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Case study
Case studyCase study
Case study
 
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSAR
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSARCASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSAR
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL SAKET NEW DELHI AND EMC GREEN AVENUE AMRITSAR
 
Green hospitals case study
Green hospitals case studyGreen hospitals case study
Green hospitals case study
 
FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY
FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY
FORTIS HOSPITAL NOIDA CASE STUDY WITH LIBRARY STUDY
 
Literature study & analysis on hospital design
Literature study & analysis on hospital designLiterature study & analysis on hospital design
Literature study & analysis on hospital design
 
Library study
Library studyLibrary study
Library study
 
Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)
Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)
Fortis memorial research institute (Gurgaon)
 
Hospital library study
Hospital library studyHospital library study
Hospital library study
 
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptx
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptxCASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptx
CASE STUDY HOSPITAL.pptx
 
Appolo hospital
Appolo hospitalAppolo hospital
Appolo hospital
 
Apollo Hospital case study
Apollo Hospital case studyApollo Hospital case study
Apollo Hospital case study
 
Library study on hospital
Library study on hospital Library study on hospital
Library study on hospital
 
Literature case study
Literature case studyLiterature case study
Literature case study
 
Loralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdf
Loralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdfLoralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdf
Loralai medical college thesis book-mubashra khan 13285-pdf
 
Report on hospital design
Report on hospital designReport on hospital design
Report on hospital design
 
Fortis Hospital Mohali Case Study
Fortis Hospital Mohali Case StudyFortis Hospital Mohali Case Study
Fortis Hospital Mohali Case Study
 
Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida
Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida
Case study on Fortis Hospital , Noida
 
Hospital
HospitalHospital
Hospital
 
Continental hospital
Continental hospitalContinental hospital
Continental hospital
 
Hospital Design Case Study
Hospital Design Case StudyHospital Design Case Study
Hospital Design Case Study
 

Ähnlich wie Hospital Services (Library & Case Study)

literature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospital
literature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospitalliterature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospital
literature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospitalBalaji Ar
 
scribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptx
scribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptxscribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptx
scribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptxpankajkushwah17
 
Organization of hosptal unit
Organization of hosptal unitOrganization of hosptal unit
Organization of hosptal unitsabiranoushad11
 
Terminologies of Community Health Centre
Terminologies of Community Health Centre Terminologies of Community Health Centre
Terminologies of Community Health Centre NIKITA SHARMA
 
Emergency department planning and design
Emergency department planning and designEmergency department planning and design
Emergency department planning and designMahmoud Shaqria
 
Converting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick Khan
Converting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick KhanConverting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick Khan
Converting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick KhanSvetlanaKhan2
 
#cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months
#cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months #cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months
#cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months SvetlanaKhan2
 
ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
ICU (Intensive Care Unit)ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
ICU (Intensive Care Unit)Vidya Neelesh
 
Hospital report
Hospital report Hospital report
Hospital report amir hamza
 
HOSPITAL CASE STUDY
HOSPITAL CASE STUDY HOSPITAL CASE STUDY
HOSPITAL CASE STUDY ArshaqKN
 
Rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptx
Rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptxRooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptx
Rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptxproductmanagement7
 
ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptx
ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptxICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptx
ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptxAsanteAugustine
 

Ähnlich wie Hospital Services (Library & Case Study) (20)

literature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospital
literature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospitalliterature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospital
literature study for EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT in hospital
 
Hospital study
Hospital studyHospital study
Hospital study
 
Group 04
Group 04Group 04
Group 04
 
scribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptx
scribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptxscribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptx
scribdfree.com_hospital-design-architecture.pptx
 
Organization of hosptal unit
Organization of hosptal unitOrganization of hosptal unit
Organization of hosptal unit
 
Terminologies of Community Health Centre
Terminologies of Community Health Centre Terminologies of Community Health Centre
Terminologies of Community Health Centre
 
Emergency department planning and design
Emergency department planning and designEmergency department planning and design
Emergency department planning and design
 
Converting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick Khan
Converting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick KhanConverting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick Khan
Converting Warehouse in to Hospital in City of Pattersonby Zedrick Khan
 
#cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months
#cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months #cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months
#cityofpatterson I can build a hospital in 6 months
 
124824.pdf
124824.pdf124824.pdf
124824.pdf
 
new.pptx
new.pptxnew.pptx
new.pptx
 
ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
ICU (Intensive Care Unit)ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
ICU (Intensive Care Unit)
 
Hospital report
Hospital report Hospital report
Hospital report
 
HOSPITAL CASE STUDY
HOSPITAL CASE STUDY HOSPITAL CASE STUDY
HOSPITAL CASE STUDY
 
Rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptx
Rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptxRooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptx
Rooms and departments in hospitals and their sterilization.pptx
 
hospital case study
hospital case studyhospital case study
hospital case study
 
Unit layout plan
Unit layout planUnit layout plan
Unit layout plan
 
ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptx
ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptxICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptx
ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION (SOA).pptx
 
Library study
Library studyLibrary study
Library study
 
Icu
IcuIcu
Icu
 

Mehr von Mansi Pushpakar

Group Housing (Library Study)
Group Housing (Library Study)Group Housing (Library Study)
Group Housing (Library Study)Mansi Pushpakar
 
Auditorium Design (Case Study)
Auditorium Design (Case Study)Auditorium Design (Case Study)
Auditorium Design (Case Study)Mansi Pushpakar
 
HOTEL Design - Case Study
HOTEL Design - Case StudyHOTEL Design - Case Study
HOTEL Design - Case StudyMansi Pushpakar
 
F.L. Wright - Architecture
F.L. Wright - ArchitectureF.L. Wright - Architecture
F.L. Wright - ArchitectureMansi Pushpakar
 
Vernacular Architecture in Himachal Pradesh
Vernacular Architecture in Himachal PradeshVernacular Architecture in Himachal Pradesh
Vernacular Architecture in Himachal PradeshMansi Pushpakar
 
Kenzo Tange - Architecture
Kenzo Tange - ArchitectureKenzo Tange - Architecture
Kenzo Tange - ArchitectureMansi Pushpakar
 

Mehr von Mansi Pushpakar (8)

Jin Mao Tower
Jin Mao TowerJin Mao Tower
Jin Mao Tower
 
Group Housing (Library Study)
Group Housing (Library Study)Group Housing (Library Study)
Group Housing (Library Study)
 
Auditorium Design (Case Study)
Auditorium Design (Case Study)Auditorium Design (Case Study)
Auditorium Design (Case Study)
 
HOTEL Design - Case Study
HOTEL Design - Case StudyHOTEL Design - Case Study
HOTEL Design - Case Study
 
F.L. Wright - Architecture
F.L. Wright - ArchitectureF.L. Wright - Architecture
F.L. Wright - Architecture
 
Vernacular Architecture in Himachal Pradesh
Vernacular Architecture in Himachal PradeshVernacular Architecture in Himachal Pradesh
Vernacular Architecture in Himachal Pradesh
 
Kenzo Tange - Architecture
Kenzo Tange - ArchitectureKenzo Tange - Architecture
Kenzo Tange - Architecture
 
London - Urban Design
London - Urban DesignLondon - Urban Design
London - Urban Design
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

High-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkill
High-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkillHigh-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkill
High-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkillCre8iveskill
 
AMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara Rakovska
AMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara RakovskaAMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara Rakovska
AMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara RakovskaBarusRa
 
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024Ted Drake
 
Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...
Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...
Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...Ed Orozco
 
Models of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa Letšosa
Models of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa LetšosaModels of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa Letšosa
Models of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa Letšosaannemarleenolthof1
 
How to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPT
How to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPTHow to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPT
How to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPTThink 360 Studio
 
Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...
Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...
Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...khushisharma298853
 
Unlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdf
Unlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdfUnlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdf
Unlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdfIBM
 
Embroidery design from embroidery magazine
Embroidery design from embroidery magazineEmbroidery design from embroidery magazine
Embroidery design from embroidery magazineRivanEleraki
 
Create Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.com
Create Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.comCreate Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.com
Create Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.comjakyjhon00
 
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdf
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdfLRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdf
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdfHctorFranciscoSnchez1
 
Math Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOL
Math Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOLMath Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOL
Math Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOLkenzukiri
 
UI UX Process for SaaS Product Design Success
UI UX Process for SaaS Product Design SuccessUI UX Process for SaaS Product Design Success
UI UX Process for SaaS Product Design SuccessThink 360 Studio
 
Construction Documents Checklist before Construction
Construction Documents Checklist before ConstructionConstruction Documents Checklist before Construction
Construction Documents Checklist before ConstructionResDraft
 
UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024
UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024
UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024mikailaoh
 
The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024
The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024
The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024Alan Dix
 
WCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptx
WCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptxWCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptx
WCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptxHasan S
 
Designing for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teams
Designing for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teamsDesigning for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teams
Designing for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teamsBlock Party
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (18)

High-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkill
High-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkillHigh-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkill
High-Quality Faux Embroidery Services | Cre8iveSkill
 
AMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara Rakovska
AMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara RakovskaAMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara Rakovska
AMBER GRAIN EMBROIDERY | Growing folklore elements | Barbara Rakovska
 
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024
 
Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...
Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...
Design mental models for managing large-scale dbt projects. March 21, 2024 in...
 
Models of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa Letšosa
Models of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa LetšosaModels of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa Letšosa
Models of Disability - an overview by Marno Retief & Rantoa Letšosa
 
How to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPT
How to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPTHow to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPT
How to use Ai for UX UI Design | ChatGPT
 
Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...
Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...
Khushi sharma undergraduate portfolio...
 
Unlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdf
Unlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdfUnlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdf
Unlocking Conversion_ The Art of Turning Visitors into Loyal Customers.pdf
 
Embroidery design from embroidery magazine
Embroidery design from embroidery magazineEmbroidery design from embroidery magazine
Embroidery design from embroidery magazine
 
Create Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.com
Create Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.comCreate Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.com
Create Funeral Invites Online @ feedvu.com
 
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdf
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdfLRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdf
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-AASHTO (2014).pdf
 
Math Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOL
Math Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOLMath Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOL
Math Group 3 Presentation OLOLOLOLILOOLLOLOL
 
UI UX Process for SaaS Product Design Success
UI UX Process for SaaS Product Design SuccessUI UX Process for SaaS Product Design Success
UI UX Process for SaaS Product Design Success
 
Construction Documents Checklist before Construction
Construction Documents Checklist before ConstructionConstruction Documents Checklist before Construction
Construction Documents Checklist before Construction
 
UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024
UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024
UX Conference on UX Research Trends in 2024
 
The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024
The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024
The future of UX design support tools - talk Paris March 2024
 
WCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptx
WCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptxWCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptx
WCM Branding Agency | 210519 - Portfolio Review (F&B) -s.pptx
 
Designing for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teams
Designing for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teamsDesigning for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teams
Designing for privacy: 3 essential UX habits for product teams
 

Hospital Services (Library & Case Study)

  • 2. Library Study HOSPITAL: 250 BEDDED Case Study GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, SEC. 32, CHANDIGARH Submitted By: Amit Jakhad (14010) Mansi Pushpakar (14034) Prerna Chouhan (14044) Sahil (14048)
  • 3. Library Study | References INTRODUCTION 250 BEDDED HOSPITAL We are required to design a 250 Bedded Hospital, as per the standard requirements and the hospital site. The design has to be functionally efficient and aesthetically striking landmark in the locality. Planning Norms: - Maximum Coverage at Ground Level : 40% - FAR : 1.5 - Maximum Permissible Height : 30M - Setbacks : - Two level basement permitted to be used for parking, storage and services (area not to be included in the covered area)
  • 4. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh INTRODUCTION Government Medical College & Hospital Government Medical College and Hospital is a medical school and a tertiary care hospital located in Chandigarh, India. The medical school is administered by Panjab University. Year of Establishment: 1991 Site Area: 36 Acres (15 ha) Number of beds: Approach: Gate No. 1 – Through service lane along Dakshin Marg Gate No. 2 – Through service lane along Dakshin Marg Gate No. 3 – Through V5 Road Gate No 1 Gate No 2 Gate No 3
  • 5. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh INTRODUCTION Government Medical College & Hospital BLOCK-A: Emergency Block (Five Floors (45,000 sq.ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 2,25,000 sq.ft.) • Level-I : Obstetrics & Gynecology Wards, Antenatal Ward, Neonatal Ward, Labor Rooms, Premature Nursey, Gynecology OT • Level-II : Medical Emergency, Surgical Emergency, Overflow Wards, Labs, X-Rays, Ultrasound, Emergency OT • Level-III : Craniospinal Ward, Orthopedics Ward, Cardiothoracic & Abdominal Ward, Burns Unit Ward, ICU, PICU, Gynecology OT • Level-IV : Pediatrics Wards, Pediatrics Emergency, NICU, Dialysis Unit, Dermatology-Oncology-Dental Ward, Psychiatry Ward, Lecture Theatre • Level-V : Private Wards, Pulmonary Medicine Isolation Ward, Canteen, Lecture Theatre
  • 6. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh INTRODUCTION Government Medical College & Hospital BLOCK-B: OPD Block (5+1 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 2,58,000 sq. ft.) • Basement : Central Registration Records, Central/Pharmacy Stores • Level-I : Reception, Registration Counters, Canteen, Sample Collection Centre, General OPD (12 Cabins, Screening Area), Information Technology Centre, CT Scan • Level-II : Obstetrics & Gynecology OPD & MOT, Family Planning Clinic, Antenatal Clinic, Post-Partum Clinic, Radiotherapy OPD, Department of Community Medicine • Level-III : General Surgery OPD, Orthopedics OPD, ENT OPD, Radio-diagnosis Facilities, DEXA Scan, Diabetic Clinic • Level-IV : Eye OPD, Pulmonary Medicine OPD, Dermatology OPD, Psychiatry OPD, Daycare Oncology Ward • Level-V : Medical OPD, Pediatric OPD, Department of Forensic Medicine, Library
  • 7. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh INTRODUCTION Government Medical College & Hospital BLOCK-C: IPD Block (7+2 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 3,87,000 sq. ft.) • Level-00 : Hospital Laundry, Engg. Services, AC Plant, Electricity Substation, Pump Room, Generator Room, Boiler Room • Level-0 : Central Stores • Level-I : Main Kitchen, Canteen, Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD), Mortuary • Level-II : Surgery OT, High Dependency Ward (HPU) • Level-III : Eye, ENT, Orthopedics OT, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) • Level-IV : Male & Female Orthopedics Wards, Male & Female Surgery Wards • Level-V : Eye Ward, ENT Ward, Medical Labs (Endoscopy, Neurology, Echo/TMT etc.), Cardiac Care Unit • Level-VI : Male & Female General Medicine Wards, Pulmonary Medicine Ward, Examination Hall • Level-VII : Private Wards
  • 8. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh INTRODUCTION Government Medical College & Hospital BLOCK-D: Administrative Block (5+1 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 2,78,000 sq. ft.) • Level-0 : Stores, Records • Level-I : Radiogonisis, Radiotherapy, ATM, Chemist, Provision Shops, Bank • Level-II : Director/Principal Office, Additional Director (Admn.) Office, Medical Superintendent Office, Nursing Superintendent Office, RTI Cell, Academic Branch, Blood Bank, Oral Health Care Centre • Level-III : ENT, Ophthalmology, Orthopedics • Level-IV : Obstetrics & Gynecology, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Pediatrics, General Medicine • Level-V : Dermatology, Psychiatry, Pulmonary Medicine
  • 9. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh INTRODUCTION Government Medical College & Hospital BLOCK-E: Academic Block (7+2 Floors (43,000 sq. ft. on each floor) | Total Area: 3,87,000 sq. ft.) • Level-00 : Parking • Level-0 : Stores & Records, Gym • Level-I : Reception, Anatomy, Lecture Theatre • Level-II : Physiology, Bio-Chemistry, Lecture Theatre • Level-III : Pathology & Hematology, Lecture Theatre • Level-IV : Microbiology, Forensic Medicine, Lecture Theatre • Level-V : Pharmacology, Community Medicine, Lecture Theatre • Level-VI : Nursing, Audio-Visual/Photography/Medicine Illustrations, Lecture Theatre • Level-VII : Conference Halls, Examination Hall, Staff Canteen, Students Canteen, Boys & Girls Common Room
  • 10. Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984 FIRE SAFETY | Installations Minnimum requirements for fire fighting installations. less than 15 m house reel,wet riser,down comer,manually operated electric fire alarm system,automatic detection and alarm system are required. • 10,000l under ground water tank upto 750sqm and 10,000l for every additional 250sqm is required. • 2,500 overhead water tank is required in case of hose reel, 20,000l in case of down comer is required. 15m and above but not excceding 30m • in addition to above mentioned installations yard hydrant and automatic operated electric fire alarm system are required. • 2,00,000l underground water tank is required • 20,000l overhead water tank is required. LOCATION AND SIZE OF FIRE DUCTS • fire duct of 1.2m by 0.6m is to be placed near each fire exit, lift lobby. LOCATION OF FIRE ALARMS • alarm should be audible in administrative block,engineering service block, offices, fire office and such other locations where gongs, sirens,whistles or bells do not disturb the patients. • distinctive visual alarm should be installed at each nursing station, and nurse duty room.
  • 11. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh FIRE SAFETY | Installations fire fighting installations in gmch-32 • fire hydrants were installed in entrance of each department on each floor of each block • fire exhtingushers were installed in each corridor and rooms. • sprinkler were provided not provided in waiting areas.
  • 12. Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984 FIRE SAFETY | Escape Routes Staircase fire exit staircase after every 30m in building is to be provided. • Staircase shall be of enclosed type to prevent entry of smoke & fire to the staircase & vice versa. • Access to the basement from the ground should be through a separate staircase, which is not connected to main staircase • stair pressurization fan shaft is to be provided in fire escape staircase to push smoke back. RAMPS • The slope of a ramp shall not exceed 1 in 10. in certain cases steeper slopes may be permitted but in no case greater than 1 in 8 • Ramps shall be surfaced with non slipping material Emergency and escape lighting • Emergency lighting shall be powered from a source independent of that supplying the normal lighting • Escape lighting shall be capable of: - indicating clearly and unambiguously the escape routs. - Providing adequate illumination and illumination along such routs to allow safe movement - ensuring that the fire alarm call points and fire fighting equipment provided along escape routes can be readily located • Horizontal luminance at the floor level on centreline of escape rout shall not be less than 10 lux • Emergency lighting system shall be capable of continue operation for minimum duration of 1 hr 30 mins
  • 13. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh FIRE SAFETY | Escape Routes Staircase • fire escape staircase were completelly enclosed. • no fire escape route plans were placed . • no signage for fire escape directions were provided.
  • 14. Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984 LIGHTING | ILLUMINATION daylight is extreemly important in hospital for hygine maintaince. • only radiology labs and O.T. rooms are kept in dark areas. • artificial lighting • The occupancy of hospital is quite varied and very dynamic. • Lighting need for every occupant is very different from the other, and sometimes even conflicting. • Physical and visual environment of hospitals impacts the psychological senses of the patient, the staff and the relatives. • Efficiently designed lighting system satisfies the visual, biological and emotional needs of the user, and caters to different dimensions of the human needs. • Affects biological activity of a person, influencing body functions, concentration and creating relaxed environments. • Dynamic white light: ceiling modules that provide daylight rhythm are mainly povided. -shadowless lights shall be provide in operation theaters and operating delivery rooms whereas in other areas, where operations of minor nature are carried out shadowless lamps shall be provided. -emergency lighting- portable light units should also be provided in the wards and departments to serve as alternative source of light in case of power faliure. -call bells switches should be provided for all beds in all types of wards with indicator lights and location indicator situated in the nurse duty room of wards.
  • 15. Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984 LIGHTING | ILLUMINATION LEVEL IN DIFFERENT ROOMS OF HOSPITAL • Illuminance is the measure of illumination defined as the ‘ratio of luminous flux incident on an infinitesimal element of the surface containing the point under consideration to the area of the element. • IS Code 4347 Illumination level for hospitals varies from 100 lux in patient’s room to 1,00,000 lux in operation theatres. • Fixtures that incorporate non-ferrous materials must be considered when designing MRI areas • Contrast ratios, glare and uniformity in relation to adjacent areas must be considered when designing these lighting applications. • Dramatic differences in light levels should be avoided. • Light levels should be gradually increased as one enters the grounds, allowing for safe entry. • Soft and comfortable lighting, with full luminous surface Glare-free light for visual comfort is to be provided in patient room.
  • 16. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh LIGHTING | NATURAL LIGHTING • each block is provide with open to sky cut out for natural light ventillation • large windows are provided in d block entrance lobby • .ramps and staircase are having sufficiant natural light. ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING • wards, waiting areas and lift lobby were not getting proper day light.
  • 17. Library Study | IS:10905 (PART 3)- 1984 Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh ELECTRICAL| ELECTRICAL PANNEL ROOM • l.v. rooms of 12sqm are to be provided at each floor. • minimum 2 pannel rooms are required of 17.5 sqm. • electrical rooms are kept distant to gas supply room. • electrical shaft with l.v. shaft is 2m by 0.5m. • electric pannel room in gmch -32 was located in basement of IPD block.
  • 18. Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016 GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Introduction A complete system that comprises a supply system, a monitoring and alarm system, and a distribution system with terminal units at the points where medical gases or vacuum is required. Color Coding Medical gases as a definition they are specific gases that separate from the air individually and the commonly used in hospitals are: 1- Oxygen O2 - White colored pipes 2- Nitrous Oxide N2O - Blue colored pipes 3- Medical air (4 Bar) - White/salmon pink colored pipes 4- Medical air (7 Bar) - Black/white colored pipes 5- Medical Vacuum - Yellow colored pipes 6- Carbon Dioxide CO2 - Grey colored pipes 7- Nitrogen N2 - Black/Green colored pipes
  • 19. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Color Codes: Provided pipelines - Nitrous Oxide N2O - Blue colored pipes - Medical Vacuum - Yellow colored pipes - Carbon Dioxide CO2 - Grey colored pipes
  • 20. Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016 GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Components 1- Medical gas pipeline 2- Medical Oxygen plant 3- Medical Nitrous oxide 4- Medical compressed air plant 5- Vacuum plant 6- Terminal units 7- Regulators 8- Shutoff valves 9- Bedhead unit 10- Ceiling pendant 11- Warning and alarm system 12- Accessories
  • 21. Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016 GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
  • 22. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Components Provided: - Medical Gas Pipelines - Shutoff valves - Warning and Alarm System - Regulators - Bedhead Units - Vacuum Pipe
  • 23. Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016 GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Location of Supply System - Liquid oxygen supply systems or storage facilities should be provided in area more than 570 m3 (20 000 ft3). - Rooftop locations should be avoided. - Services containing combustible gases or liquids shall not be in the same room or enclosure as medical gas supply systems. - Outdoor Enclosures: a. where constituted of fences, walls, or similar constructions, have a minimum height of 1.8 m (6 ft) above grade surrounding the enclosure b. be located at least 5 m (16 ft) from electrical utility services and any transformers that are not part of the source unit c. not be located within 8 m (26 ft) of storage tanks containing flammable gas or locations where flammable gases can be discharged (i.e., from a relief valve) - Compressor: a. at least 3m from any door or operable window and 15 m from any exhaust, such as vacuum pump discharge or sanitary vent exhaust b. in a location where it will not draw in contamination from exhaust systems (for eg. Contamination from furnace, diesel or gasoline engines, vacuum systems etc.)
  • 24. Design - The outside walls of rooms for cylinder supply systems shall be built of materials having a fire rating of at least 1 hour. - Doors to the room shall open outwards and personnel shall be able to open the doors from the inside without a key. - Electrical wall fixtures in rooms for supply systems shall be positioned at least 1.5 m (5 ft) above the floor to avoid physical damage. - The ambient temperature in rooms for supply systems shall not exceed 40°C for any gas and shall not be less than 15°C for nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide. - Ventilation: Provided that the room has venting with a total free area of at least 465 cm2. - The outlets of pressure relief vent pipes shall be at least 3 m from any door, operable window, or ventilation intake and located so that discharges will not endanger passersby. GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
  • 25. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Design - Duct size: 2’-6” x 2’-0” - The MGPS and manifold room is located in the Level-00 of Block-C (IPD) - The ducts run throughout the buildings, branching along every kind of wards and units. - Gas pipelines and shutoff valves are provided along with every bed unit. - Gas pressure monitors and alarm monitors & sensors are provided at every branching of gas pipelines. Medical Gas Pipelines, different colors with different gases Gas Pressure Controllers & Monitors Shutoff Valves
  • 26. Manifold Room - In case of breakdown of control panel of oxygen and nitrous oxide, an emergency kit ensures supply of gas through the pipes. - Emergency kit comprises a regulator and high pressure tubing to a bulk cylinder - The gas is fed directly to the pipeline through a service outlet. GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Library Study | ISO_7396-1-2016
  • 27. GAS SUPPLY | Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS) Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh Manifold Room • This unit houses cylinders of oxygen, nitrous gas and other medical gases. • Required pressure is maintained. The gases are supplied to the main hospital building by underground pipes. A vacuum pump is located in this block to generated vacuum. • The supply of various gases on each floor is provided in the form of ducts along with the fire hydrants placed near to it. Such provision is given at two places on each floor. • Outlets are laid along the walls at the bed side in different colors at a height of 4’6”. • Block-A : 1- D.G. set, 2 – vacuum pump, 1- air receiver, 2 – vacuum receiver, 19- small cylinders, 1- compressor. • Block-C : LT panel (415 volts), 2 nos. compressor (30 hp each), 2 nos. vacuum pumps (7.5 hp each), 2 nos. vacuum cylinders, 1 no. air cylinder, 2 cylinders if glare removes water from gas. • 150 nos. oxygen – black, nitrous gas – 12 nos. for emergency, 1 tank liquid gas.
  • 28. Introduction Health Information & Communication Technology (ICT) is the use of the information technology to improve the process of healthcare delivery and is concerned primarily in streamlining administration and putting information into the hands of point-of-care professionals. - Telephones - Wireless - Security Systems - Computers - Office Equipment - Fax - Photostat INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) Library Study | NBC 2016 – Part 2
  • 29. Functions INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) Library Study | NBC 2016 – Part 2
  • 30. Design - During the time and technology, when the hospital was built, no fancy systems (for eg Wireless, Modem, Router etc) were introduced. - Hence, with growth in technology, it was important to accommodate a necessary service, ie ICT in the hospital for its easy functioning. - All the services relating to ICT were then installed. - Modems and Routers for easy internet access are installed in the hospital. - Every unit of them is provided throughout the floors using Conduit wiring system. - Conduit material - PVC INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh
  • 31. Design - All the conduits run along the ceiling or the corner of the ceiling. INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh - The branched conduit wires enclose in 6’-0” x 1’-0” panel - The panel is located along with the other services and their ducts
  • 32. Introduction: Water is one of the critical utilities in a hospital, yet it is often taken for granted. Much of the hospital engg. Services is concerned with installing, repairing and maintaining the system that deliver utilities and services. Sources of Water Supply: - Bore Wells - Tanker Supply - Recycled Water WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Library Study | IS CODE-1984
  • 33. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Types of Water Supply: Normal water - Arrangement shall be made to supply the following quantities of potable water per bed per day to meet all requirements ( including laundry ), except fire-fighting, in all categories of hospital: Hot water - Hot water supply to wards and departments of the general hospital shall be provided by means of electric storage type water heaters or centralized hot water Filtered and soft water - Filtered and soft water supply is required in pathology laboratories and shell be supplied as requirements. Cold water - Cold water supply is needed for processing tanks in film developing room and shall be supplied as required. Library Study | NBC 2016 – Part 2 The minimum requirement of any hospital shall be in accordance with the National Building Code:
  • 34. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WATER SUPPLY • Total daily consumption of water = 1,00,000 liters • 40 nos. tank – 5000 liters each. Total capacity = 2,00,000 liters • U.G.W.T. = 5 nos. – 3,00,000 liters each • Induction – 2 motors (32 amp & 25 hp) – 1460 rpm, load = 18.5 kw. • Source of water supply – Ropar to pump house at sector- 39 to G.M.C.H. , sector-32. •Duct Size: 4’-0” x 2’-0”
  • 35. LAUNDRY • Laundry generates steam as well as sound. So it is segregated from the main areas. Two washing machines are kept here, with capacity of 50 kg per cycle & 45 mins/cycle. •A machine capacity is 250 bed sheets pressed per hour • Rinsing, drying and ironing are also provided in this area Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
  • 36. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM SEWERAGE & DRAINAGE • All toilets waste is disposed through disposal pipes running through shafts • Separate pipes used for waste water • Soil pipes – G.I. pipes 100 mm, waste water pipe – C.I. pipes 100 mm & rain water pipe – 100 mm • Curb inlets – at the edges of the roads to drain water MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES • Hot water is supplied to the building by solar heaters placed on the top of the roof • Over head storage capacity of hot water is 2000 liters • Service ducts are not left open, but are covered and provided with access doors for repair and maintenance.
  • 37. Library Study | IS CODE-1984 PUBLIC HEALTH | Sanitation
  • 38. Library Study | IS CODE-1984 PUBLIC HEALTH | Sanitation
  • 39. Library Study | http://www.hillyork.com HVAC | Introduction Importance Of A Hospital HVAC System Hospital air conditioning and hospital ventilation systems are required to meet higher standards of performance and serve a greater function than those in standard buildings. Hospital HVAC system design presents unique challenges due to the level of demands placed on the it, the heating and cooling loads and the requirements for dependability and hygiene. A hospital air conditioning system also has the added challenge of integrating with a number of other complex systems not present in conventional buildings. These specifications cover the following types of air-conditioning, heating, ventilation and cold room works: i) Window AC , Split AC ii) VRV/ VRF type Air-conditioning System iii) Packaged type Air- conditioning plants iv) Central air-conditioning system v) Central heating system.
  • 40. HVAC | Introduction vi) Mechanical ventilation system : a) General Ventilation b) Basement Parking & Shaft Ventilation vii) Evaporative type Air Cooling Plant. viii) Cold rooms. Colour scheme for the equipment's and components i) Colour scheme for equipment like chilling unit, pumps, AHUs, cooling tower etc. shall be as per manufacturer‘s standard colour scheme. ii) The scheme of colour code painting of pipe work services for air conditioning installation shall be as per National building code and is indicated below: Description Ground colour Lettering colour First colour band Condenser water piping Sea Green Black French Blue Chilled water piping Sea Green Black Black Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 41. HVAC | Introduction Description Ground colour Lettering colour First colour band Central heating piping Sea Green Black Canary Yellow Drain pipe Black White Valves and pipe line fittings White with black handles Black Belt guard Black & Yellow diagonal strips Black Machine Bases, Inertia Bases and Plinth Charcoal Grey Black iii) Colour bands shall be 150mm wide, superimposed on ground colour to distinguish type and condition of fluids. The spacing of band shall not exceed 4.0m. Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 42. ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS Scope - This outlines the general guidelines for planning space requirements, equipment location, floor loading & other structural requirements for various types of HVAC systems. Heating Heaters are appliances whose purpose is to generate heat (i.e. warmth) for the building. This can be done via central heating. Central heating system Space Requirements - i) The space requirement shall depend upon the type and capacity of the hot water generator chosen for the work and its overall dimensions. ii) Sufficient space shall be left all around the hot water generator for maintenance and operation purpose. iii) Space shall also be provided for the auxiliary equipments such as hot water circulating pumps and electrical control panels. iv) The minimum clear height of hot water generator room shall be 4.5 m HVAC | Heating Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 43. HVAC | Heating v) Sufficient space should also be provided for the storage of fuel in case of oil fired hot water generator. Though the daily service tank shall be provided within the room, bulk storage tank may be provided outside the buildings, either above or below ground level. vi) Use of HSD/ LDO oil fired hot water generator has been discontinued due to pollution & fire safety considerations. Equipment Location - i) The hot water generator room shall preferably be located in a separate service building from the fire safety point of view. The room shall have easy accessibility for moving in and out the equipments. ii) Electrically operated hot water generator shall preferably be located in close proximity to the electrical substation, especially in the case of large capacity hot water generator. Structural Requirements - i) The floor loading of the hot water generator room shall be 2000 Kg/sq m. Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 44. HVAC | Ventilation Ventilation Ventilation is the process of changing or replacing air in any space to control temperature or remove any combination of moisture, odour, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria, or carbon dioxide, and to replenish oxygen. Ventilation includes both the exchange of air with the outside as well as circulation of air within the building. Design Considerations – Following considerations provide details regarding the various parameters that affect the type of ventilation system selected for a particular application, and the sizing of the ventilation plant: National Building Code of India 2005 specified the ventilation requirement as per following table: Ventilation Requirement for various areas in various buildings : Application Air Change per hour Application Air Change per hour Bathrooms 6-10 Entrance halls 3-5 Corridors 5-10 Hospital –sterilizing 15-25 Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 45. CMM required for ventilation system is thus calculated Based on the volume of the room and from the above table as- (no. of air changes/ hour) X (volume in cu. m of space to be ventilated) CMM = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 CMM required for Basement Parking Ventilation i) Divide the basement in zones of area not exceeding 3000 sqm. in case sprinkler system is provided in basement, if not, then not exceeding else 750 sqm. ii) For each zone separate set of supply air fans and exhaust air fans shall be provided. Supply air fans shall not be required in areas in zone near Ramps or zone with natural ventilation, however sufficiency may be examined. iii) Minimum 12 air changes/hrs. are required to be provided. HVAC | Ventilation Application Air Change per hour Application Air Change per hour Hospital –ward 6-8 Laboratories 6-15 Hospital domestic 15-20 Laundries 10-30 Stores and Warehouses 3-6 Toilets 6-10 Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 46. Library Study | NBC 2005 HVAC | Ventilation Natural Ventilation Natural ventilation is the ventilation of a building with outside air without using fans or other mechanical systems. It can be via operable windows, louvers, or trickle vents when spaces are small and the architecture permits. Three base elements are in natural ventilation design that includes: knowledge about air flow, base air flow, and calculation the opening location and area. Maximize wind-induced ventilation by siting the ridge of a building perpendicular to the summer winds. Naturally ventilated buildings should be narrow. It is difficult to distribute fresh air to all portions of a very wide building using natural ventilation. The maximum width that one could expect to ventilate naturally is estimated at 45 ft. Consequently, buildings that rely on natural ventilation often have an articulated floor plan. Each room should have two separate supply and exhaust openings. - Site wind Speed = 10km/h
  • 47. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh HVAC | Ventilation Natural Ventilation Hospital is well naturally ventilated. Ventilation is done by windows, doors, central courts and cutouts.
  • 48. Mechanical Ventilation Mechanical ventilation is one of several forms of ventilation options available. It usually consists of fans, filters, ducts, air diffusers and outlets for air distribution within the building. It may include either mechanical exhaust system or exhaust can occur through natural means. Space Requirement - i) The space requirement for the equipments, air washers etc., shall be as per the manufacturer‘s recommendations. ii) The minimum clear height of the equipment and air washer rooms shall be 3.6 m. The actual height required would depend upon the capacity of the equipment and manufacturer‘s recommendation. Equipment Location - i) The plant room shall be located contiguous to the space to be ventilated to reduce the pressure drop in the system. ii) Where air washers are also to be installed the room shall be treated with waterproof treatment and shall be located adjacent to the blower room. Floor loading & other Structural Requirements - i) The floor loading of the plant room and air washer room shall be 2000 kg./sq.m ii) The doors of the plant room and air washer room shall be single leaf, air tight and open able outside. iii) The air washer room shall be provided with water and drain points. HVAC | Ventilation Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 49. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh HVAC | Ventilation Mechanical ventilation - Ventilation Ducts in Basement
  • 50. Air Conditioning Air conditioning system, or a standalone air conditioner, provides cooling and humidity control for all or part of a building. Air conditioned buildings often have sealed windows, because open windows would work against the system intended to maintain constant indoor air conditions. Packaged type plant Space Requirements - i) The floor area requirement for installation of the packaged type plant room shall be as under: a) Single Unit : 3 m X 2.5 m b) Double Units : 3 m X 4 m c) Triple Units : 3 m X 5 m ii) Dimensions indicated are clear space requirements. The minimum clear height of the packaged unit room shall be same as that of the space to be air-conditioned to facilitate laying of ducts. Equipment Location – The packaged type plant room should be adjacent to the space to be air-conditioned. HVAC | Air Conditioning Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 51. Central air conditioning plant Space Requirements - i) Minimum – 120 sq.m. Maximum – 150 sq. m. ii) Additional space for circulation shall be taken as 20-25% of the above space. iii) Provision shall also be kept for anticipated future requirements. iv) The minimum clear height of the plant room shall be 3.6 m in case of Reciprocating plants and 4.5 m in case of Centrifugal & Screw type plants. v) The entrance to A.C. plant room for centrifugal / screw type units shall be through rolling shutter/ suitable door shutters of steel or strong material to take self load having minimum width of 3 m & height not less than 4 m for centrifugal/ screw type units & 3.5 m for reciprocating type units. Equipment Location - The plant room shall have easy accessibility for moving in and out of equipments and shall be well ventilated. The location of the plant room shall also take into consideration the routing of the chilled water and condenser water lines from the plant room. As far as possible the plant room should be in close proximity to the electrical substation, since AC plant is main power load. The plant room shall be preferably located in a separate service building along with the substation. Basements shall be avoided from the fire safety point of view. HVAC | Air Conditioning Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 52. Case Study | Government Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh HVAC | Air Conditioning Air Conditioning - Air conditioning ducts
  • 53. HVAC | AHU AHU rooms Space Requirements - i) Floor area requirement for the AHU room shall be as under: For AHUs upto 340 CMM : 4.5 m X 3.5 m For AHUs between 340 CMM & 680 CMM : 5.5 m X 4.5 m ii) The minimum clear height of the AHU room shall be the same as that of the air-conditioned space to facilitate laying of ducts. Equipment Location - AHU rooms should be contiguous to the respective areas to be air-conditioned by them. Their location should also take into consideration the feasibility of routing the ducts as well as provision of chilled water lines, water connections for the humidification equipments, fresh air inlet point and drain outlets. In multistoried constructions, the AHUs should be located in a vertical configuration to facilitate laying of chilled water lines. Individual AHUs shall not serve more than one floor from the fire safety point of view. Similarly each fire compartment shall have a separate AHU. Where the AHUs are located in the basement or in any floor below the air-conditioned floors, individual shafts shall be provided for each AHU from the AHU room for the supply and return air, from the fire safety point of view. Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017
  • 54. Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017 HVAC | Cold rooms Cold rooms Space Requirements - i) The space requirement shall have to be worked out in individual cases depending upon the system selected. ii) Sufficient space should be kept around the equipments for operation and maintenance purposes. iii) Normal room height in the building should be adequate for the equipment room as well as the cold room. Equipment Location - Plant Room i) The plant room shall have to be necessarily adjacent to the cold room where direct expansion system is used. ii) The plant room shall have easy accessibility for men and materials and shall be well ventilated. In an air-cooled system, the condenser shall have to be located in a well ventilated space and preferably within the equipment room.
  • 55. Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017 HVAC | Ducting DUCTING i) All ducts shall be fabricated either from Galvanised Sheet Steel (GSS) conforming to IS: 277 or aluminium sheets conforming to IS:737. The steel sheets shall be hot dip galvanized with MAT finish with coating of minimum 120 grams per square meter (GSM) of Zinc, GI sheets shall be lead free & eco friendly. ii) The thickness of sheets for fabrication of rectangular ductwork shall be as under. The thickness required corresponding to the longest side of the rectangular section shall be applicable for all the four sides of the ductwork.
  • 56. Library Study | CPWD-HVAC works 2017 HVAC | Ducting iii) All sheet metal connections, partitions and plenums required for flow of air through the filters, fans etc. shall be at least 1.25 mm thick galvanised steel sheets, in case of G.I. sheet ducting or 1.8 mm thick aluminium sheet, in case of aluminium sheet ducting and shall be stiffened with 25 mm x 25 mm x 3 mm angle iron braces. iv) Circular ducts, where provided shall be of thickness as specified in IS:655 as amended upto date. v) Aluminium ducting shall normally be used for clean room applications, hospitals works and wherever high cleanliness standards are functional requirements.
  • 57. Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327 Waste Management | Introduction Hospital waste is “Any waste which is generated in the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research” in a hospital. This is also called ‘Bio-Medical Waste’ (BMW). 75-90% Non-Hazardous/General Waste 10-15% -Hazardous Waste Categories Description and Examples 1.General Waste No risk to human health eg: office paper, wrapper, kitchen waste, general sweeping etc. 2.Pathological Waste Human Tissue or fluid eg: body parts, blood, body fluids etc. 3.Sharps Sharp waste eg: Needle, staples, knives, blades etc. 4.Infectious waste Which may transmit bacterial, viral or parasitic disease to human being, waste suspected to contain pathogen eg :laboratory culture, tissues(swabs)bandage etc. 5.Chemical waste eg. Laboratory reagent, disinfectants, Film Developer 6.Radio-active waste eg: unused liquid from radiotherapy or lab research, contaminated glassware's etc.
  • 58. Waste Management | Areas Source of health care waste • Governmental Hospital • Private Hospital • Nursing Homes • Physician’s Office • Dentist Office • Dispensaries • Mortuaries • Blood Bank and collection centre • Animal Houses • Laboratories • Research Organizations Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327
  • 59. Waste Management | Placements of Bins Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327
  • 60. Waste Management | Signage Library Study | https://www.slideshare.net/sharrygajuryalnepal/hospital-waste-management-30528327