This document compares and contrasts quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative research aims to precisely measure and test hypotheses using experimental, quasi-experimental, or non-experimental designs with large sample sizes. The variables are clearly defined, the problem is deductively reasoned, and all aspects are carefully planned. Qualitative research seeks an in-depth understanding of human behavior using small sample sizes in phenomenological, grounded theory, ethnographic, or case study designs. The problem is inductively reasoned and emerges during the study, while variables are loosely defined. It collects rich narrative data through immersion in the subject matter to develop theories rather than test them.

1. QUANTITATIVE Vs
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
DR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR.
maheswarijaikumar2103@gmail.com

2. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
• Is often a iterative process whereby
evidence is evaluated, theories &
hypotheses are tested & technical
advances are made.
• Three major types of quantitative
research designs are :
EXPERIMENTAL, QUASI EXPERIMENTAL
& PRE EXPERIMENTAL NON
EXPERIMENTAL research designs.

3. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
• Qualitative research designs aim at an
in depth understanding of human
behaviour & the reasons that
govern human behaviour.
• Qualitative research is a field of inquiry
that crosscuts disciplines and
subject matter.

4. COMPARISON OF QUANTITATIVE
& QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
GENERAL
NATURE
Objective approach to
seek precise
measurement in
numerical form
Subjective approach to
seek in-depth
description in
narrative from
KNOWLEDGE
OF STUDY
VARIABLE
Variables are clearly
understood & defined
in advance by the
researcher
Researcher may have
only rough idea about
variables in advance.

5. PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
AIMS To identify and
count the variable
to test or refine the
theories and
hypothesis
To collect complete,
detailed description
of variables to
develop theories &
assumptions
RESEARCH
PROBLEM
Problem is
deductively
reasoned, which
does not change
over the course of
the study
Problem is
inductively reasoned
and is constantly re
formulated during
the course of the
study

6. PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
PLANNING All aspects of the
study are
carefully designed
before data is
collected
The design emerges
as the study
unfolds.
RESEARCH
DESIGN
Experimental,
quasi
experimental, pre
experimental &
non experimental
Phenomenology,
Grounded theory,
Ethnography, Case
study & historical
research

7. PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
SAMPLE Quantitative
studies are
conducted on
large
Qualitative
research studies
are in depth studies
& therefore have
small size samples.
Thus,
generalization of
finding is generally
not possible.

8. PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
DATA Quantitative data
is easier to
collect, facilitates
testing of
hypotheses, but
may mix
contextual details
Qualitative data is
richer, time
consuming & less
generalizable

9. PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
METHODS Researcher tends to
remain objectively
separated from the
subject matter
Researcher tends to
become subjectively
immersed in the
subject matter
ANALYSIS Analysis of numerical
data through
descriptive & or
inferential statistics
Analysis of data such
as words, pictures or
objects through
descriptive coding,
indexing, narrations,
integrative diagrams,
thematic analysis.

11. THANK YOU