1. Poverty is defined as individuals and families whose incomes fall below the official poverty threshold as defined by the government and cannot afford minimum basic needs. 2. The government computes the poverty line by determining the cost of a basic nutritional menu in each region and the proportion of income typically spent on food, then sets the poverty line as the income required to afford that menu. 3. Poverty incidence in the Philippines in 2006 was 32.9% of the population living below the official poverty line.

1. Poverty as Income Deprivation Leland Joseph R. de la Cruz Director Development Studies Program School of Social Sciences Ateneo de Manila University [email_address]

7. What is the NCR poverty line (2008)? P328.77 Family/ day* P10,000.00 Family/ month P120,000.00 Family/ year* P65.76 Individual/ day* P2,000.00 Individual/ month* P24,000.00 Individual/ year* *Unofficial, self-computed

8. What is the Philippine poverty line (2006)? P206.29 Family/ day* P6,273.99 Family/ month* P75,287.85 Family/ year* P41.26 Individual/ day* P1,254.80 Individual/ month* P15,057.57 Individual/ year NSCB *Unofficial, self-computed

9. Regional poverty lines 2006, NSCB Region Threshold Region Threshold NCR P20,566 VIII P13,974 I P15,956 IX P13,219 II P13,791 X P14,199 III P17,298 XI P14,942 IV-A P17,761 XII P14,225 IV-B P14,800 CAR P16,810 V P15,015 ARMM P15,533 VI P14,405 CARAGA P15,249 VII P13,390

11. Regional poverty incidence (Individual) 2006, NSCB Region Poverty Incidence Region Poverty Incidence NCR 10.40% VIII 48.50% I 32.70% IX 45.30% II 25.50% X 43.10% III 20.70% XI 36.60% IV-A 20.90% XII 40.80% IV-B 52.70% CAR 34.50% V 51.10% ARMM 61.80% VI 38.60% CARAGA 52.60% VII 35.40%

12. Regional poverty incidence (Individual) 2006, NSCB * Percentages are unofficial, self-computed Region N* % of total Region N* % of total NCR 0.8M 4% VIII 1.6M 7% I 1.4M 5% IX 1.2M 5% II 0.8M 2% X 1.5M 6% III 1.6M 6% XI 1.2M 5% IV-A 1.6M 8% XII 1.5M 5% IV-B 1.0M 5% CAR 0.5M 1% V 2.5M 9% ARMM 1.6M 6% VI 2.7M 9% CARAGA 1.0M 4% VII 2.0M 8%

13. Poorest Provinces (2006) NSCB Poverty Incidence Tawi-Tawi 78.9% Zamboanga del Norte 63.0% Maguindanao 62.0% Apayao 57.5% Surigao del Norte 53.2% Lanao del Sur 52.5% Northern Samar 52.2% Masbate 51.0% Abra 50.1% Misamis Occidental 48.8%

14. Least Poor Provinces (2006) NSCB Poverty Incidence Batanes 0% Rizal 6.4% Bataan 6.8% Cavite 7.8% Benguet 8.2% Pampanga 8.3% Bulacan 10.0% Laguna 10.6% Nueva Vizcaya 12.7% Quirino 15.9%

15. Poverty trends NSCB

16. Philippine Poverty Incidence: Families (Percentage) NSCB 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 %

17. Philippine Poverty Incidence: Individuals (Percentage) NSCB 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 %

18. Income Gap (2006) NSCB Region Poverty Incidence Region Poverty Incidence NCR 21.6% VIII 30.9% I 25.2% IX 35.7% II 23.5% X 33.4% III 23.4% XI 30.0% IV-A 24.5% XII 28.1% IV-B 32.5% CAR 32.1% V 30.1% ARMM 29.3% VI 26.6% CARAGA 34.4% VII 29.5%

19. Average family income, expenditures and savings per decile 2006, NSO Avg. Annual Income Avg. Expenditures Avg. Savings Avg. Monthly Income Phil 173,000 147,000 25,000 14,416 Poorest 10% 32,000 35,000 -3,000 2,666 2 nd decile 51,000 52,000 -2,000 4,250 3 rd decile 65,000 66,000 Less than 500 5,417 4 th decile 81,000 79,000 2,000 6,750 5 th decile 100,000 95,000 5,000 8,333 6 th decile 124,000 116,000 7,000 10,333 7 th decile 156,000 143,000 13,000 13,000 8 th decile 205,000 181,000 23,000 17,083 9 th decile 292,000 244,000 46,000 24,333 Richest 10% 622,000 460,000 156,000 51,833

20. Income Distribution 2003, NSO

21. Income Distribution

22. Income Distribution

23. Gini Coefficient Philippine data: UNDP, 2004 as cited in Wikipedia Country Gini ratio Country Gini ratio Denmark 0.247 Hong Kong 0.434 Japan 0.249 Philippines 0.445 Italy 0.360 Mexico 0.461 India 0.368 Guatemala 0.551 U.S.A. 0.408 Namibia 0.743

24. Self-Rated Poverty Pulse-Asia June 2004 October 2004 March 2005 Philippines 70% 70% 70% Class ABC 37% 21% 35% Class D 68% 68% 69% Class E 84% 87% 82%

25. Self-Rated Poverty Pulse-Asia June 2004 October 2004 March 2005 NCR 52% 41% 48% Luzon 69% 69% 66% Visayas 71% 82% 80% Mindanao 80% 79% 81% Urban 66% 57% 58% Rural 73% 83% 82%

26. Self-Rated Poverty SWS

27. Summary Official Statistics Perception-based measure Poverty Incidence 26.9% 50-70% Poverty threshold P6,273 a month P10,000 a month

29. Poverty as Income Deprivation Leland Joseph R. de la Cruz Director Development Studies Program School of Social Sciences Ateneo de Manila University [email_address]