4. Capitalist IdeasCapitalist Ideas
Laissez FaireLaissez Faire approach to theapproach to the
economy which limited gov’teconomy which limited gov’t
involvementinvolvement
Adam Smith-Adam Smith-Wealth of NationsWealth of Nations
Malthus & RicardoMalthus & Ricardo
Did not support Gov’t assisting theDid not support Gov’t assisting the
poorpoor
6. SocialismSocialism
Belief that means of production shouldBelief that means of production should
be controlled by society or gov’tbe controlled by society or gov’t
Karl MarxKarl Marx believed economic basebelieved economic base
was responsible for class divisionwas responsible for class division
p.303p.303
Believed in 5 stages of economic lifeBelieved in 5 stages of economic life
Capitalism was one of those stagesCapitalism was one of those stages
which would lead towhich would lead to communismcommunism
MarxMarx saw society in two classes,saw society in two classes,
7. New ScienceNew Science
Charles DarwinCharles Darwin came up with acame up with a
theory oftheory of evolutionevolution & natural selection& natural selection
& the evolution of humans& the evolution of humans
Gregor Mendel’sGregor Mendel’s work with peas ledwork with peas led
toto geneticsgenetics
Vaccines & germs were discoveredVaccines & germs were discovered
John DaltonJohn Dalton provedproved atomic theoryatomic theory
Development of psychology &Development of psychology &
sociologysociology
8. Changing LifestylesChanging Lifestyles
Improved medicine and food led toImproved medicine and food led to
population growth in late 1800’spopulation growth in late 1800’s
Railroads & steamships allowed forRailroads & steamships allowed for
people to move to find a better lifepeople to move to find a better life
As farms needed less workers,As farms needed less workers,
nations began tonations began to urbanizeurbanize
Improved sanitation & public safetyImproved sanitation & public safety
Improved education systemsImproved education systems
More time for leisure activitiesMore time for leisure activities
9. Art Movements of theArt Movements of the
1800’s1800’sRomanticismRomanticism emphasized humanemphasized human
emotion (Beethoven, Victor Hugo)emotion (Beethoven, Victor Hugo)
RealismRealism looked at the actualitieslooked at the actualities
of life (Charles Dickens, Tolstoy)of life (Charles Dickens, Tolstoy)
ImpressionistsImpressionists –reaction to–reaction to
realism (Monet, Renoir, Debussy)realism (Monet, Renoir, Debussy)
postimpressionistspostimpressionists –create new–create new
realities (Gauguin, Seurat,realities (Gauguin, Seurat,
Lautrec, Van Gogh)Lautrec, Van Gogh)