لماذا انتشر وباء فيروس الكورونا في شمال إيطاليا و ليس في وسطها أو جنوبها Why has the pandemic virus spread in northern Italy, not in the center or south of it May 2020 by GETCO- fantastic

1. ‫فيروس‬ ‫وباء‬ ‫انتشر‬ ‫لماذا‬‫الكور‬‫ونا‬
‫وس‬ ‫في‬ ‫ليس‬ ‫و‬ ‫إيطاليا‬ ‫شمال‬ ‫في‬‫طها‬
‫جنوبها؟‬ ‫أو‬
Why has the pandemic
virus spread in northern
Italy, not in the center or
south of it?
May 2020 ‫مايو‬

2. ‫نبدأ؟‬ ‫أين‬ ‫من‬ ‫ولكن‬
But, From where to start?
‫مبادئ‬:
Basics:
We need to Re-defined HVAC Industry ‫تعريف‬ ‫إعادة‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫بحاجة‬ ‫نحن‬‫التكييف‬ ‫صناعة‬

3. ‫كوفيد‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫ينتشر‬ ‫كيف‬-19‫؟‬
How does COVID-19 Spread?
‫كوفيد‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫بعدوى‬ ‫األشخاص‬ ‫يصاب‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬-19
‫بالفير‬ ‫المصابين‬ ‫اآلخرين‬ ‫األشخاص‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬‫وس‬.
‫ع‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫من‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫للمرض‬ ‫ويمكن‬‫ن‬
‫األ‬ ‫من‬ ‫تتناثر‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الصغيرة‬ ‫طيرات‬ُ‫ق‬‫ال‬ ‫طريق‬‫أو‬ ‫نف‬
‫كوفي‬ ‫بمرض‬ ‫المصاب‬ ‫الشخص‬ ‫يسعل‬ ‫عندما‬ ‫الفم‬‫د‬-19
‫يعطس‬ ‫أو‬.‫األشياء‬ ‫على‬ ‫طيرات‬ُ‫ق‬‫ال‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫وتتساقط‬
‫بالشخص‬ ‫المحيطة‬ ‫واألسطح‬.‫يص‬ ‫أن‬ ‫حينها‬ ‫ويمكن‬‫اب‬
‫كوفيد‬ ‫بمرض‬ ‫اآلخرون‬ ‫األشخاص‬-19‫مالمستهم‬ ‫عند‬
‫أ‬ ‫أنفهم‬ ‫أو‬ ‫عينيهم‬ ‫لمس‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫األسطح‬ ‫أو‬ ‫األشياء‬ ‫لهذه‬‫و‬
‫فمهم‬.‫كوفي‬ ‫بمرض‬ ‫األشخاص‬ ‫يصاب‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫كما‬‫د‬-
19‫الشخ‬ ‫من‬ ‫تخرج‬ ‫التي‬ ‫طيرات‬ُ‫ق‬‫ال‬ ‫تنفسوا‬ ‫إذا‬‫ص‬
‫زفيره‬ ‫أو‬ ‫سعاله‬ ‫مع‬ ‫بالمرض‬ ‫المصاب‬.‫فمن‬ ‫ولذا‬
‫بمس‬ ‫المريض‬ ‫الشخص‬ ‫عن‬ ‫االبتعاد‬ ‫بمكان‬ ‫األهمية‬‫افة‬
‫واحد‬ ‫متر‬ ‫على‬ ‫تزيد‬(3‫أقدام‬.)
‫بش‬ ‫الجارية‬ ‫البحوث‬ ‫تقييم‬ ‫على‬ ‫المنظمة‬ ‫وتعكف‬‫أن‬
‫كوفيد‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫انتشار‬ ‫طرق‬-19‫أحدث‬ ‫نشر‬ ‫وستواصل‬
‫نتائج‬ ‫من‬ ‫إليه‬ ‫تتوصل‬ ‫ما‬.
https://www.w
ho.int/ar/healt
h-
topics/coronavi
rus/coronavirus
People can catch COVID-19 from others who
have the virus. The disease can spread from
person to person through small droplets from
the nose or mouth which are spread when a
person with COVID-19 coughs or exhales.
These droplets land on objects and surfaces
around the person. Other people then catch
COVID-19 by touching these objects or
surfaces, then touching their eyes, nose or
mouth. People can also catch COVID-19 if
they breathe in droplets from a person with
COVID-19 who coughs out or exhales
droplets. This is why it is important to stay
more than 1 meter (3 feet) away from a
person who is sick.
WHO is assessing ongoing research on the
ways COVID-19 is spread and will continue to
share updated findings.

4. ‫كوفيد‬ ‫لمرض‬ ‫المسبب‬ ‫للفيروس‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫هل‬-19‫الهواء‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫أن‬‫؟‬
Can Coronavirus transfer by Air?
‫جر‬ُ‫أ‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الدراسات‬ ‫تشير‬‫يت‬
‫أن‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يومنا‬ ‫حتى‬
‫مرض‬ ‫يسبب‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫الفيروس‬
‫كوفيد‬-19‫المقام‬ ‫في‬ ‫ينتقل‬
‫مالمسة‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫األول‬
‫ع‬ ‫ال‬ ‫التنفسية‬ ‫طيرات‬ُ‫ق‬‫ال‬‫ن‬
‫الهواء‬ ‫طريق‬.‫اإلجابة‬ ‫انظر‬
‫السابق‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫عن‬" :‫كيف‬
‫كوفيد‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫ينتشر‬-19‫؟‬"
https://www.w
ho.int/ar/healt
h-
topics/coronavi
rus/coronavirus
Coronavirus disease (COVID-
19) is an infectious disease
caused by a newly
discovered coronavirus.
Most people infected with the
COVID-19 virus will
experience mild to moderate
respiratory illness and
recover without requiring
special treatment. Older
people, and those with
underlying medical problems
like cardiovascular disease,
diabetes, chronic respiratory
disease, and cancer are more
likely to develop serious
illness.

5. ‫كوفيد‬ ‫لمرض‬ ‫المسبب‬ ‫للفيروس‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫هل‬-19‫الهواء‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫أن‬‫؟‬
Can the virus that causes COVID-19 be transmitted through the air?
‫كو‬ ‫لمرض‬ ‫المسبب‬ ‫الفيروس‬ ‫ينتقل‬‫فيد‬-
19‫القطيرات‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫أساسي‬ ‫بشكل‬
‫بالعدو‬ ‫المصاب‬ ‫الشخص‬ ‫من‬ ‫المنبعثة‬‫ى‬
‫يتكلم‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يسعل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يعطس‬ ‫عندما‬.‫ووزن‬
‫لها‬ ‫يسمح‬ ‫أن‬ ‫من‬ ‫أثقل‬ ‫القطيرات‬ ‫هذه‬
‫سرعا‬ ‫فهي‬ ،‫الهواء‬ ‫في‬ ‫معلقة‬ ‫بالبقاء‬‫ما‬ ‫ن‬
‫األسطح‬ ‫أو‬ ‫األرض‬ ‫على‬ ‫تسقط‬.
‫الفيرو‬ ‫عدوى‬ ‫إليك‬ ‫تنتقل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ويمكن‬‫س‬
‫متر‬ ‫مسافة‬ ‫على‬ ‫كنت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫باالستنشاق‬
‫كوفيد‬ ‫بمرض‬ ‫مصاب‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫من‬ ‫واحد‬-
19‫لم‬ ‫ثم‬ ً‫ا‬‫ملوث‬ ً‫ا‬‫سطح‬ ‫المست‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫أو‬‫ست‬
‫تغس‬ ‫أن‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫فمك‬ ‫أو‬ ‫أنفك‬ ‫أو‬ ‫عينيك‬‫ل‬
‫يديك‬.
https://www.w
ho.int/ar/emer
gencies/disease
s/novel-
coronavirus-
2019/advice-
for-public/q-a-
coronaviruses
Studies to date
suggest that the
virus that causes
COVID-19 is mainly
transmitted through
contact with
respiratory droplets
rather than through
the air. See previous
answer on “How
does COVID-19
spread?”

6. Even (there is also
reported data or
studies to rule out the
possibility of the
airborne-particle
route. One indication
for this SARS-CoV-2
has been isolated from
swabs taken from
exhaust vents in
rooms occupied by
infected patients).
‫أن‬ ‫رغم‬(‫هناك‬‫بيان‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ض‬‫أي‬‫ات‬
‫عنها‬ ‫اإلبالغ‬ ‫تم‬ ‫دراسات‬ ‫أو‬
‫مسار‬ ‫إمكانية‬ ‫الستبعاد‬
ً‫ا‬‫جو‬ ‫المحمولة‬ ‫الجسيمات‬.‫ت‬‫م‬
‫هذا‬ ‫مؤشرات‬ ‫أحد‬ ‫عزل‬
‫السارس‬-CoV – 2‫من‬
‫المسحات‬‫من‬ ‫المأخوذة‬
‫الغرف‬ ‫في‬ ‫العادم‬ ‫فتحات‬
‫المرضى‬ ‫يشغلها‬ ‫التي‬
‫المصابون‬.)
https://www.co
olingpost.com/
world-
news/ishrae-
publishes-
covid-19-
guidance/
‫كوفيد‬ ‫لمرض‬ ‫المسبب‬ ‫للفيروس‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫هل‬-19‫الهواء‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫أن‬‫؟‬
Can the virus that causes COVID-19 be transmitted through the air?

7. ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬‫الكورونا‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
https://www.resear
chgate.net/publicati
on/234076687_Imp
roved_Strategy_to_
Control_Aerosol-
Transmitted_Infecti
ons_in_a_Hospital_
Suite
Farhad
Memarzadeh
‫فرهد‬‫ميرزادا‬
•National
Institutes of
Health
Airborne transmission of
infectious particles consists
of droplets that are
expelled by
sneezing,
coughing or
otherwise
distributed
into the air.
‫انتقال‬ ‫يمكن‬
‫الجسيمات‬
‫المعدية‬
ً‫ا‬‫جو‬ ‫المحمولة‬
‫قطرات‬ ‫من‬
‫عن‬ ‫تطرد‬
‫العطس‬ ‫طريق‬
‫أو‬ ‫السعال‬ ‫أو‬
‫توزيعها‬‫في‬
‫الهواء‬.Size of Particles-microns- ‫الجسيمات‬ ‫حجم‬-‫مايكرون‬
No.ofParticles-Produced
‫الجسيمات‬‫عدد‬-‫المتولدة‬

8. ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬‫الكورونا‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
https://www.resear
chgate.net/publicati
on/234076687_Imp
roved_Strategy_to_
Control_Aerosol-
Transmitted_Infecti
ons_in_a_Hospital_
Suite
Farhad
Memarzadeh
‫فرهد‬‫ميرزادا‬
•National
Institutes of
Health
Although the liquid evaporates, the
residue may remain in the air for
long periods of time depending o
factors such as particle size,
density, velocity, force of expulsion,
humidity and rate of air flow. Air
currents, aided by the ventilation
system (Low exhaust), help to
spread them over a wide area. The
disease-causing organisms then are
inhaled by or come to rest on a
susceptible person who is
subsequently infected.
‫ت‬ ‫فقد‬ ، ‫السائل‬ ‫تبخر‬ ‫من‬ ‫الرغم‬ ‫على‬‫بقى‬
‫ط‬ ‫لفترات‬ ‫الهواء‬ ‫في‬ ‫المترسبة‬ ‫المادة‬‫ويلة‬
‫الجسيمات‬ ‫حجم‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫عوامل‬ ‫حسب‬
‫الطرد‬ ‫وقوة‬ ‫والسرعة‬ ‫والكثافة‬
‫و‬‫الرطوبة‬‫الهواء‬ ‫تدفق‬ ‫ومعدل‬.‫تساعد‬
‫الهوائية‬ ‫التيارات‬(‫التكييف‬)‫بمس‬ ،‫اعدة‬
‫التهوية‬ ‫نظام‬(‫المنخفض‬ ‫الشفط‬)،‫ع‬‫لى‬
‫واسعة‬ ‫مساحة‬ ‫على‬ ‫نشرها‬.‫يتم‬ ‫ثم‬
‫للمرض‬ ‫المسببة‬ ‫الكائنات‬ ‫استنشاق‬‫من‬
‫ذل‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫لإلصابة‬ ‫معرض‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫قبل‬‫ك‬
‫فيه‬ ‫يستقر‬ ‫أو‬.

9. ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬‫الكورونا‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
Dr. Stephanie
Taylor,
Presenter
Atlanta
ASHRAE-2019
Infections &
Hospital IAQ
CEO-Taylor
Healthcare
Consulting
VT-USA
md@taylocx.c
om
It is known that most of
the infectious particles
ranging from 0.65 to 3.3
Microns in the cough-
generated aerosols
were immediately
reparable.
‫معظم‬ ‫أن‬ ‫المعروف‬ ‫من‬
‫التي‬ ‫المعدية‬ ‫الجسيمات‬
‫من‬ ‫تتراوح‬0.65‫إلى‬3.3
‫عن‬ ‫الناتج‬ ‫الهباء‬ ‫في‬ ‫ميكرون‬
‫يمكن‬ ‫السعال‬‫انكماشها‬‫على‬
‫الفور‬.http://rochester.
ashraechapters.o
rg/Files/March%
202019%20News
letter%20ASHRA
E%20Rochester%
20Chapter.pdf
Travelling Distance

10. ‫هل‬‫كوفيد‬ ‫لـ‬ ‫ناقل‬ ‫الهواء‬ ‫يعتبر‬-19‫؟‬
Is COVID-19 airborne?
‫يسبب‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫الفيروس‬ ‫ينتقل‬COVID-
19‫القطرات‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫أساسي‬ ‫بشكل‬
‫المص‬ ‫الشخص‬ ‫يسعل‬ ‫عندما‬ ‫المتولدة‬‫اب‬
‫يتحدث‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يعطس‬ ‫أو‬.‫ثق‬ ‫القطرات‬ ‫هذه‬‫يلة‬
‫الهواء‬ ‫في‬ ‫تعليقها‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫وال‬ ‫ًا‬‫د‬‫ج‬.‫ت‬‫سقط‬
‫األسطح‬ ‫أو‬ ‫األرضيات‬ ‫على‬ ‫بسرعة‬.
‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫بالعدوى‬ ‫تصاب‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬
‫ب‬ ‫على‬ ‫كنت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫الفيروس‬ ‫استنشاق‬‫متر‬ ‫عد‬
‫بـ‬ ‫مصاب‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫من‬ ‫واحد‬COVID-
19،‫ثم‬ ‫ملوث‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫لمس‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫أو‬
‫غ‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫فمك‬ ‫أو‬ ‫أنفك‬ ‫أو‬ ‫عينيك‬ ‫لمس‬‫سل‬
‫يديك‬
https://www.w
ho.int/news-
room/q-a-
detail/q-a-
coronaviruses
The virus that causes COVID-19 is
mainly transmitted through droplets
generated when an infected person
coughs, sneezes, or speaks. These
droplets are too heavy to hang in
the air. They quickly fall on floors
or surfaces.
You can be infected by breathing in
the virus if you are within 1 meter of
a person who has COVID-19, or by
touching a contaminated surface
and then touching your eyes, nose
or mouth before washing your
hands.

11. ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬‫الكورونا‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
Despres V.R.
et al., 2012.
Primary
biological
aerosol
particles in
the
atmosphere:
a review.
https://www.tandfonl
ine.com/doi/abs/10.3
402/tellusb.v64i0.155
98?needAccess=true#
aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud
GFuZGZvbmxpbmUuY
29tL2RvaS9wZGYvMT
AuMzQwMi90ZWxsdX
NiLnY2NGkwLjE1NTk4
P25lZWRBY2Nlc3M9d
HJ1ZUBAQDA=
‫في‬ ‫نشر‬ ‫لمقال‬ ‫وفقا‬Tellus (‫سلسلة‬B.
‫والفيز‬ ‫الكيميائية‬ ‫الجوية‬ ‫األرصاد‬، ‫يائية‬
‫أن‬(‫عن‬ ‫الناتج‬ ‫الجوي‬ ‫الهباء‬ ‫من‬ ‫جزء‬
‫السعال‬‫ف‬ ‫المعلقة‬ ‫الجسيمات‬ ‫تمثل‬ ،‫ي‬
‫ا‬ً‫ض‬‫أي‬ ‫الهواء‬‫ركيزة‬(‫يحمل‬ ‫مركب‬)
‫للفيروسات‬‫عب‬ ‫انتقالها‬ ‫وبالتالي‬‫هذا‬ ‫ر‬
‫المسار‬.‫أحد‬ ، ‫الداخلية‬ ‫البيئة‬ ‫في‬
‫الجوي‬ ‫الغالف‬ ‫غبار‬ ‫هو‬ ‫الغبار‬ ‫مصادر‬
(PM2.5‫و‬PM10)‫عبر‬ ‫يأتي‬ ‫الذي‬
‫النقي‬ ‫الهواء‬ ‫مآخذ‬.‫البارز‬ ‫والمصدر‬
‫البشر‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الناتج‬ ‫الغبار‬ ‫هو‬ ‫اآلخر‬
‫والعمليات‬.‫مستوي‬ ‫خفض‬ ‫ويعتبر‬‫ات‬
‫نحو‬ ‫خطوة‬ ‫الداخلي‬ ‫الغبار‬‫تخفيف‬
‫فايروس‬ ‫انتشار‬ ‫مصدر‬‫الكورونا‬.
According to an Article published
in Tellus (Series B. Chemical &
Physical Meteorology, that (A part
from cough generated aerosols,
the particulates suspended in the
air also represents a substrate for
viruses and consequently their
transmission through this path. In
the indoor environment, one of
the sources of dust is atmospheric
dust (PM2.5 and PM10) coming in
through fresh air intakes. The
other prominent source is the dust
generated by humans and
processes. Reduction of indoor
dust levels is a step towards
mitigation of this source of COVID-
19 transmission.

12. COVID-19 virus belongs to CORONA Family to
which SARS and MERS also belong.
‫فيروس‬ ‫حجم‬
‫الكورونا‬
80-160
nanomet
ers is the
range size
of Corona
virus
https://smartairfilters.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Size-of-coronavirus-
particle-pm2.5-and-bacteria-750x410.jpg

13. To date, several scientific studies focused on viruses
diffusion among humans demonstrated that increased
incidence of infection is related to airborne particulate
matter (PM) concentration levels. It is known that PM
fractions (e.g., PM2.5 and PM10) serve as carrier for
several chemical and biologic pollutants, viruses included.
Viruses may be adsorbed through coagulation onto
particulate matter composed by solid and/or liquid
particles whose lifetime into the atmosphere is hours,
days or weeks. Particles and adsorbed biologic pollutants
may be subjected to diffusion into the atmosphere and
transport, also at long distances (long-range transport).
PM also represents a substrate allowing long term
persistence of viruses into the atmosphere, hours or days.
Viral inactivation depends on selected environmental
parameters: if on the one hand both high temperature
and solar radiation are able to speed up the inactivation
rate, on the other hand high relative humidity may
promote the diffusion rate.
‫العلمي‬ ‫الدراسات‬ ‫من‬ ‫العديد‬ ‫أظهرت‬ ، ‫اآلن‬ ‫حتى‬‫ة‬
‫ا‬ ‫بين‬ ‫الفيروسات‬ ‫انتشار‬ ‫على‬ ‫ركزت‬ ‫التي‬‫أن‬ ‫لبشر‬
‫ترك‬ ‫بمستويات‬ ‫ترتبط‬ ‫العدوى‬ ‫حدوث‬ ‫زيادة‬‫يز‬
‫المحمولة‬ ‫الجسيمات‬ً‫ا‬‫جو‬.‫أجزاء‬ ‫أن‬ ‫المعروف‬ ‫من‬
PM (، ‫المثال‬ ‫سبيل‬ ‫على‬PM2.5‫و‬PM10)
‫الكيميائية‬ ‫الملوثات‬ ‫من‬ ‫للعديد‬ ‫كحامل‬ ‫تعمل‬
‫الفيروسات‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫في‬ ‫بما‬ ، ‫والبيولوجية‬.‫ي‬ ‫قد‬‫تم‬
‫على‬ ‫التخثر‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الفيروسات‬ ‫امتصاص‬
‫و‬ ‫صلبة‬ ‫جزيئات‬ ‫من‬ ‫المكونة‬ ‫الجسيمات‬/‫س‬ ‫أو‬‫ائلة‬
‫الجوي‬ ‫الغالف‬ ‫في‬ ‫حياتها‬ ‫فترة‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫والتي‬‫هي‬
‫أسابيع‬ ‫أو‬ ‫أيام‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ساعات‬.‫الجسي‬ ‫تتعرض‬ ‫قد‬‫مات‬
‫والملوثات‬‫البيولوجية‬‫الغالف‬ ‫في‬ ‫لالنتشار‬‫الجوي‬
‫طويلة‬ ‫مسافات‬ ‫على‬ ‫وكذلك‬ ، ‫والنقل‬(‫االنتق‬‫بعيد‬ ‫ال‬
‫المدى‬.)‫يمثل‬PM‫باستمر‬ ‫تسمح‬ ‫ركيزة‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ض‬‫أي‬‫ار‬
‫ال‬ ‫الغالف‬ ‫في‬ ‫الطويل‬ ‫المدى‬ ‫على‬ ‫الفيروسات‬‫جوي‬
‫األيام‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الساعات‬ ‫أو‬.‫الفيرو‬ ‫التعطيل‬ ‫يعتمد‬‫سي‬
‫مختارة‬ ‫بيئية‬ ‫معلمات‬ ‫على‬:
‫إذا‬‫واإلشعاع‬ ‫العالية‬ ‫الحرارة‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫من‬ ‫كل‬ ‫كان‬
، ‫التعطيل‬ ‫معدل‬ ‫تسريع‬ ‫على‬ ‫ا‬ً‫قادر‬ ‫الشمسي‬‫من‬
‫أخرى‬ ‫ناحية‬‫الع‬ ‫النسبية‬ ‫الرطوبة‬ ‫تعزز‬ ‫قد‬ ،‫الية‬
‫االنتشار‬ ‫معدل‬
Evaluation of the
potential
relationship
between
Particulate Matter
(PM) pollution
and COVID-19
infection spread
in Italy
University of Bologna |
UNIBO · "Toso
Montanari" Department
of Industrial Chemistry
CHIMIND
‫الكورونا‬ ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
Leonardo
Setti et al

14. COVID-19
DIFFUSION IN
ITALY: DIFFUSION
RATE AND PM10
DAILY LIMIT
VALUE
EXCEEDANCES
University of Bologna |
UNIBO · "Toso
Montanari" Department
of Industrial Chemistry
CHIMIND
‫الكورونا‬ ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
Leonardo
Setti et al
This evidence leads the authors to the hypothesis of a direct relationship between the number of
persons infected by COVID-19 and the PM10 concentration levels in specific areas of Italian
territory, confirming previous findings of recently published studies regarding environmental factors
involved in viral infection spread. The hypothesis of a direct relationship between COVID-19 cases
and PM10 levels is strengthened by the evidence that concentration of COVID19 outbreaks notified
in Pianura Padana was higher than in other parts of Italy (as per next Figure).
‫فر‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫المؤلفين‬ ‫الدليل‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يقود‬‫ضية‬
‫عدد‬ ‫بين‬ ‫مباشرة‬ ‫عالقة‬ ‫وجود‬
‫بـ‬ ‫المصابين‬ ‫األشخاص‬COVID-19
‫تركيز‬ ‫ومستويات‬PM10‫مناطق‬ ‫في‬
‫مما‬ ، ‫اإليطالية‬ ‫األراضي‬ ‫من‬ ‫محددة‬
‫للدراسات‬ ‫السابقة‬ ‫النتائج‬ ‫يؤكد‬
‫الب‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫بشأن‬ ‫ا‬ً‫مؤخر‬ ‫المنشورة‬‫يئية‬
‫العدوى‬ ‫انتشار‬ ‫في‬ ‫المتورطة‬
‫الفيروسية‬.‫ا‬ ‫فرضية‬ ‫تعزيز‬ ‫تم‬‫لعالقة‬
‫حاالت‬ ‫بين‬ ‫المباشرة‬COVID-19
‫ومستويات‬PM10‫الدليل‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬
‫تفشي‬ ‫تركيز‬ ‫أن‬ ‫على‬COVID19
‫في‬ ‫عنه‬ ‫المبلغ‬Pianura Padana

15. Evaluation of the
potential
relationship
between
Particulate Matter
(PM) pollution
and COVID-19
infection spread
in Italy
University of Bologna |
UNIBO · "Toso
Montanari" Department
of Industrial Chemistry
CHIMIND
‫الكورونا‬ ‫فيروس‬ ‫خاللها‬ ‫ينتقل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المسارات‬
COVID-19 Transmission Routes
Leonardo
Setti et al
CONCLUSIONS AND
SUGGESTIONS:
In conclusion, the rapid
COVID-19 infection spread
observed in selected regions
of North Italy is supposed be
related to PM10 pollution due
to airborne particles able to
serve as carrier of pathogens.
As already highlighted in
previous studies, it is
recommended to take into:
account PM10 contribution
and make policymakers aware
of the need to take direct
actions for pollution control.
‫االستنتاجات‬‫واالقتراحات‬:
‫أ‬ ‫المفترض‬ ‫من‬ ، ‫الختام‬ ‫في‬‫ن‬
‫عدوى‬ ‫انتشار‬ ‫يكون‬COVID-
19‫في‬ ‫لوحظ‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫السريع‬
‫شمال‬ ‫من‬ ‫مختارة‬ ‫مناطق‬
ً‫ط‬‫مرتب‬ ‫إيطاليا‬ ‫في‬ ‫إيطاليا‬‫ا‬
‫بتلوث‬PM10‫بسبب‬
‫الهو‬ ‫في‬ ‫المحمولة‬ ‫الجزيئات‬‫اء‬
‫كحامل‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫على‬ ‫القادرة‬
‫األمراض‬ ‫لمسببات‬.‫هو‬ ‫كما‬
‫الدراسا‬ ‫في‬ ‫بالفعل‬ ‫موضح‬‫ت‬
‫أ‬ ‫المستحسن‬ ‫فمن‬ ، ‫السابقة‬‫ن‬
‫في‬ ‫تأخذ‬‫االعتبار‬:
‫تقدير‬‫مساهمة‬PM10‫وتوعية‬
‫إل‬ ‫بالحاجة‬ ‫السياسات‬ ‫صناع‬‫ى‬
‫مباشرة‬ ‫إجراءات‬ ‫اتخاذ‬
‫التلوث‬ ‫لمكافحة‬

16. ‫التنفسي‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫أمراض‬ ‫مهيجات‬ ‫من‬ ‫بيتك‬ ‫خلص‬
Clear Your Home Of Disease Triggers

17. ‫الذى‬ ‫الهواء‬‫تستنشقه‬‫الفرق‬ ‫يحدث‬ ‫عائلتك‬
The air that your Family breathe can make a
difference
That are common in
homes.
So…
Help your Family to
breathe easier:
consult
An Air Conditioning
Engineer
Reduce
respiratory system
diseases triggers in
your home.
‫البيو‬ ‫كل‬ ‫في‬ ‫الحال‬ ‫هو‬ ‫هذا‬‫ت‬
‫وعليه‬...
‫ب‬ ‫للتنفس‬ ‫عائلتك‬ ‫ساعد‬‫شكل‬
‫صحي‬
‫إستشر‬...
‫الهواء‬ ‫تكييف‬ ‫مهندس‬
‫لتقلل‬...
‫مثيرات‬‫أ‬‫الجهاز‬ ‫مراض‬
‫بيتك‬ ‫في‬ ‫التنفسي‬

18. Coming Soon Inshallah ‫هللا‬ ‫بمشية‬ ‫قريبا‬ ‫يصـــــــدر‬

19. ‫في‬
‫خدمتكم‬
‫شخصيا‬
Personally
@
your
Service
Contact Eng. Juma Y. J. ‫للتواصل‬‫م‬ ‫مع‬.‫جمعة‬‫جمعة‬ ‫يوسف‬
Index ‫الفهرس‬
+962-7-9074-6811