Introduction to session iv, Sparta and Athens

1. Ancient Greece
session iv - Sparta & Athens

2. Ancient Greece
session iv - Sparta & Athens

3. course outline
i - Origins
ii - Polis
iii - Colonies & Tyrants
iv - Sparta & Athens
v - Great Wars, 490-404
vi - Golden Age
vii - Second Military Revolution
viii - Hellenism

4. Major Points in the last Session

5. Major Points in the last Session
Greeks colonized to get new farmlands and to trade
when they colonized, they followed a standard pattern
the colonies lined the Black Sea coast and any parts of the
Mediterranean where there was no powerful resistance
for the Greeks, a “renaissance;” for the barbarians, “culture”
the tyrants appeared as economic and social changes
undermined the aristocracy
their governments were illegitimate, despotic and often violent
they promoted economic development, colonization, trade,
urbanization, centralization, and public works

6. Questions to answer in this session

7. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

8. review of the previous
sessions

10. Delphi
treasure house

13. Discus of Phaistos

14. Heinrich
Schliemann

15. Sophia
Schliemann
wearing
“Priam’s
treasure”

16. Mycenae--the lion’s gate

17. grave goods from a Mycenean shaft grave
replicas

18. the “mask of Agamemnon”

19. Homer

20. “The wrath of Achilles”
Leon Benouville

21. Odysseus

22. “Jupiter and Thetis”
Jean Dominique Ingres

23. Zeus at Olympia
Roman copy of Phideias

24. sessions remaining
v - Great Wars, 490-404
vi - Golden Age
vii - Second Military Revolution
viii - Hellenism

25. Major Points in the last Session

26. Major Points in the last Session
Greeks colonized to get new farmlands and to trade
when they colonized, they followed a standard pattern
the colonies lined the Black Sea coast and any parts of the
Mediterranean where there was no powerful resistance
for the Greeks, a “renaissance;” for the barbarians, “culture”
the tyrants appeared as economic and social changes
undermined the aristocracy
their governments were illegitimate, despotic and often violent
they promoted economic development, colonization, trade,
urbanization, centralization, and public works

27. Questions to answer in this session

28. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

30. Troy

32. Linear B

33. proto-Greek in
a Phoenician alphabet

38. Η Δικαιοσὖνη
Τό τί;
“[the] Justice.
“What [is] it?”
Plato, Republic

39. Justice Astraea (in the stars)

40. [The Athenian] Acropolis, Leo von Klenze

44. Questions to answer in this session

45. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

47. “FROGS AROUND A
POND” -- SOCRATES, IN THE PHAEDO

48. Victor Davis Hanson
(1953-)

50. a master and two
slaves work
together harvesting
olives

51. a master and two
slaves work
together harvesting
olives

55. transport amphora serving amphora

56. the Chigi vase, 4th c. BC

62. Questions to answer in this session

63. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

70. ΠΙΘΕΚΥΣΑΙ

81. Questions to answer in this session

82. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

92. preview of today’s session

97. Perioikoi

98. Perioikoi

99. Questions to answer in this session

100. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

111. ἢ τὰν ἢ ἐπὶ τᾶς
(eh tan eh epi tas)

117. Questions to answer in this session

118. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?

124. SOLŌN

129. mid 6th
century
factions

130. PEISISTRATOS

131. Harmodius and Aristogeton, the tyrannicides, kill Hipparchos
in 514 BC but fail to kill his brother, the tyrant Hippias

135. The Alcmaeonidai

137. PERICLES

138. Questions to answer in this session

139. Questions to answer in this session
what was the central purpose of the Spartan state?
who was Lycurgus? what did he do?
what was the agoge?
how did the Spartan state undermine families?
describe Athenian education
what were the Athenian social divisions? explain their
significance
what were the stages of Athenian democracy?
how did Peisistratos’ tyranny promote democracy?