causes, effects and risk factors

1. Describe the Occurrence of
Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus 2 in
Jamaicans 40 years and younger,
including their risk factors, prevention,
control and the social and economic
impacts.
Presenters:
Jamie- Lee Biggs
Sakoya Graf

2. WHAT IS DIABETES?

4. WHAT IS DIABETES
MELLITUS 2?

7. Epidemic of Type 2 Diabetes (3)
Prevalence in Jamaica
1960 (>15 years) 1.3%
1970 (25-64 years) 8.1%
1995 (>15 years) 17.9%
1999 (25-74 years) 13.4%
Tulloch 1961; Florey et al 1972; Ragoobirsingh et al 1995; Wilks et al
1999

8. WHAT IS HYPERTENSION?

10. Types of Hypertension
• Primary- develops on its own
• Secondary- develops as a result of a
secondary condition
• Benign- develops in the body but has no
visible effect on the body
• Malignant- very sever and sudden
increase of blood pressure.

11. THE HUMAN HEART

13. Causes of Diabetes Mellitus 2

14. •Fat distribution
•Inactive lifestyle
•Ethnicity
•Family history
•Smoking
•Age

15. Common Symptoms of
Diabetes Mellitus 2
• Blurry vision
• Excess thirst
• Frequent urination
• Hunger
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Skin irritations- slow healing, infections

16. • Erectile dysfunction
• Pain or numbness in hands and feet

18. RISK FACTORS

19. • High blood pressure- Hypertension
• Gestational diabetes
• Certain dietary pattern
• Over weight

20. PREVENTION & CONTROL

21. PREVENTIONS
• Maintaining a healthy body weight.
• Eating healthy
• Controlling your blood pressure and
cholesterol
• Quitting smoking

22. CONTROL
• Tablets to control their blood glucose
levels. (aspirin)
• Exercising
• Managing blood glucose with insulin
injections.

23. Causes of Hypertension

24. • Age
• Family history
• Pregnancy
• Poor eating habits
• Too much salt
• Smoking
• Ethnicity
• Hormones

25. • Too much alcohol
• Over weight
• Lack of exercise
• Life style
• Kidney disease
• Cardiovascular disorders
 Stress

26. Symptoms of Hypertension
• THERE ARE NO DISTNCT SYMPTOM

27. COMMON SYMPTOMS
• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Blurred vision
• Confusion
• Coma

28. Can children have
Hypertension?

29. RISK FACTORS
• Cornea disease
• Congestive heart failure
• Stroke

30. PREVENTION & CONTROL

31. • Lifestyle changes
• Quit Smoking
• Diet with less cholesterol and salt
• Regular Exercise
• Drugs- Antihypertensive drugs; Beta
blockers

32. Thank you