enzymes as therapeutic agents

1. Enzymes As
Therapeutic agentsPRESENTED BY:
SOHA IFTIKHAR
KHIZRA ASLAM

2. Enzymes as therapeutic agents
 What are enzymes?
 Properties of enzymes:
 Catalytic property
 Specificity
 High molecular weight
 Heat destruction
 Different enzymes have different optimum PH at which enzyme work
properly like optimum PH for intestinal enzyme is about 7.5
 Optimum temperature

3. Enzymes As Therapeutic Agents
What are therapeutic agents?
A substance capable of producing a curative effect in a disease state.
Enzymes as therapeutic agents
Therapeutic enzymes are those enzymes which can be used medically isolately with
other therapies with the purpose of treatment of various diseases safely.

4. Companies producing therapeutic
enzymes
 Amway
 BASF
 DSM
 Novozymes
 AB enzymes
 AMNO

5. Sources of therapeutic enzymes
 Animal sources
 Plant sources
 Microbial sources

6. Animal sources
 Trypsin is obtained from OX bile
 Chymotrypsin from OX bile and pancreas
 Lipase from pancreas
 Urokinase from human urine
 Lysozyme from hen egg
 Pepsin from Hog pancreas

7. Plant sources
 Papain from papaya
 Bromelain from Pineapple
 Amylase from barley
 Nattokinase from Natto

8. Microbial sources
 Streptokinase from beta haemolytic streptococci
 Glutaminase from E.coli
 Amylase from Bacillus
 Lipase from Aspergillus

9. Choice of enzyme sources
Microbes are preferred because
 Cheaper to produce
 Plant and animal sources contain more harmful materials then microbes

10. Streptokinase
 It is obtained from beta haemolytic streptococci
 It is antigenic, can cause hypersensitivity reactions
 Streptokinase is used to dissolve blood clots that have formed in the
blood vessels.

11. urokinase
 Isolated from human urine, now prepared by cultured
human kidney cells
 Activates plasminogen directly
 Non antigenic

12. Altepase
 It is produced by recombinant DNA technology using human tissue culture
 It consist of 527 amino acid residues
 It is expensive

13. Nattokinase
 Extracted from a traditional Japanese food called Natto (chesse like food)
 It is produced by a fermentation process adding bacillus to boiled
soyabeans
 It dissolve fibrin directly
 Enhance the body production of plasmin
 Taken orally
 Low dose of 100mg per day

14. Proteolytic enzymes
 Produced by fermentation of bacillus
 Purified by filtration, salt and solvent precipitation
 It digest denatured proteins found in necrotic tissues
 Moist environment essential for optimal activity

15. Serratiopeptidase
 Obtained from serratia
 Enzyme have anti-inflammatory action
 It eliminates swelling in the body

16. Uricase
 Obtained from candida
 It is used in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout

17. Papin
 Protein cleaving enzyme derived from papaya
 Use to remove wounds in hospitals
 Use in treatment of jellyfish and insect stings
 Ingredient of cleaning solution of contact lenses

18. Pancreatic enzymes
 Lipase
Help in digestion of fat. Its deficiency leads to malabosption of fats
and fat soluble vitamins.
 Amylase
Break down starch and secreted by pancreas.
 Proteasees
Break down proteins

19. Pancreatic enzymes
 Anti-inflammatory in case of trauma and inflammation
 These enzymes reduce the no. of circulating immune complexes which are
responsible for the disease process

20. Superoxide dismutase
 It is extracted from melons, green vegetables
 Use to help wrinkles, in treatment of cancer, lung problems in newborns,
improve tolerance to radiation
 It is non toxic compound
 Its intake may cause pain in joints

21. Mechanism of therapeutic enzyme

22. Advantages of therapeutic enzymes
 Oncolytics
 Anticoagulants
 Thrombolytics
 Replacement for metabolic deficiencies(aid in digestion)

23. References
 www.jbc.org/content/274/51/36335.full?referer=www.clickfind.com.au
 www.uvm.edu/~biology/Classes/012/Labs/enzymes.htm
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2669833
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28786356