التسويق السياسى

1. Political Marketing

2. 2

3. 3
-
-
-
-

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6
Newman1
(David, Quintrie)2
(Smith)3
1
Newman, Bruce (ed.), 1999, Handbook of Political Marketing, SAGE
Publications,
London.
2
David,D.Quintric,J-H et Schrodeder Le Marketing politique,Editions Queidat pras,
1983
3
Smith, Tom W. (1982). House Effects and the Reproducibility of Survey
Measurements: A Comparison of the 1980 GSS and the 1980 American
National Election Study. Public Opinion Quarterly, 46, 54-68.

7. 7
1
A
B
1

8. 8
C
D

9. 9
1
1

10. 10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

11. 11
-

12. 12

13. 13
-
–
––

14. 14
-
a

15. 15
b
1
1Steinberg, Arnold (1976). The Political Campaign Handbook. Lexington, MA: Heath.

16. 16
C

17. 17
d
1
–
1
Salmore, B and Salmore, S 1989, Candidates, Parties and Campaigns: Electoral
Politics in America, MacMillan Press, New York.

18. 18
1
1
Wray, H. J. (1999). Money and politics. In B. I. Newman (Ed.). Handbook of
political marketing. 741-758. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

19. 19
-

20. 20
1
1
West, Darrell M. 2001. Air Wars: Television Advertising in Election Campaigns,
1952-2000. Washington DC: CQ Press.

21. 21

22. 22

23. 23
-

24. 24
-

25. 25
-
-
1
1
Election Commission. 2001. Party Political Broadcasting Review 2001-2: Discussion
Paper. London: The Election Commission.

26. 26

27. 27
a
b

28. 28
-

29. 29
a
1
2
1
Lau, Richard R. and Gerald Pomper. 2002. ‘Effectiveness of negative campaigning in
US senate elections.’ American Journal of Political Science, 46 (1): 47-66
2
Blumler, Jay G. and Denis McQuail. 1968. Television in Politics: Its Uses and
Influence. London: Faber & Faber.

30. 30
(b
-

31. 31
-

32. 32
.attack advertising
.comparative advertising
.negative advertising
1
1
Kendall, Kathleen E. (2000) Communication in the Presidential Primaries:
Candidats and the Media, 1912-2000. (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishers)

33. 33
1
2
3
4
1
Emery, Michael, and Edwin Emery and Nancy L. Roberts. (2000) The Press and
America: An Interpretive History of the Mass Media. Ninth Edition. (Boston:
Allyn and Bacon).
2
Scammell, Margaret. 1995. Designer Politics: How Elections are Won. London:
Macmillan.
3
Seymour-Ure, Colin. 1996. The British Press and Broadcasting Since 1945. Oxford:
Blackwell.
4
Thurber, James. (Ed). 2000. Crowded Airwaves: Campaign Advertising in Elections.
Washington DC: Brookings Institute.

34. 34
memory recall
{sham fraser shame}
_____________ George bush . com
1
-
1
MORI (2001) Attitudes to Voting and the Political Process (Phase 1, May 2001 and
Phase 2, June 2001). London: Electoral Commission.

35. 35

36. 36

37. 37
2
a
b

38. 38

39. 39

40. 40
i
ii

41. 41
iii

42. 42
David Quintricet Schroder 1983
-

43. 43

44. 44
-

45. 45

46. 46

47. 47

48. 48
1
Ronald Regan
-
-
-
2
1
Worcester, R.M. and Mortimore, R. (2001), Explaining Labour’s Second Landslide,
London: Politicos
.
2
Ries, A. and Trout, J. (2001), Positioning the Battle for your Mind, London: McGraw-Hill.
Walsh, K. (1994), “The Marketing of Public Sector Services”, Journal of Marketing
Management, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.63-71

49. 49
Ronald Regan
-Jim Baker
-.(mike Deaver
-Dick Darman
-Margaret Tutwiler)
.

50. 50
It is morning in America again "
Bush
(Dukakis
Lee Atwater
Roger Ailes
-Read my lips
-a kinder, gentler nation
Ailes

51. 51
(
AilesDukakis
1
Bill Clinton
1
Norris, Pippa and David Sanders. 2003. Message or Medium? Campaign Learning
During the 2001 British General Election. Political Communication. 20: 233-262.

52. 52
change
It is The Economy Stupid

53. 53
Clinton
Dick Morris
Dole

54. 54
Bush
Gore

55. 55
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
Wray, H. J. (1999). Money and politics. In B. I. Newman (Ed.). Handbook of
political marketing. 741-758. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

56. 56
-
-
3-Newman, Bruce (ed.), 1999, Handbook of Political
Marketing, SAGE Publications, London
4 - -
David,D.Quintric,J-H et Schrodeder Le Marketing
politique,Editions Queidat pras, 1983.
5- Smith, Tom W. (1982). House Effects and the
Reproducibility of Survey Measurements: A Comparison of
the 1980 GSS and the 1980 American National Election
Study. Public Opinion Quarterly, 46, 54-68.
6- Steinberg, Arnold (1976). The Political Campaign
Handbook. Lexington, MA: Heath.
7-Salmore, B and Salmore, S 1989, Candidates, Parties
and Campaigns: Electoral Politics in America, MacMillan
Press, New York.
8- Wray, H. J. (1999). Money and politics. In B. I. Newman
(Ed.). Handbook of political marketing. 741-758. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage.

57. 57
9-West, Darrell M. 2001. Air Wars: Television Advertising
in Election Campaigns, 1952-2000. Washington DC: CQ
Press
10-Election Commission. 2001. Party Political
Broadcasting Review 2001-2: Discussion Paper. London:
The Election Commission
11-Lau, Richard R. and Gerald Pomper. 2002.
„Effectiveness of negative campaigning in
US senate elections.‟ American Journal of Political
Science, 46 (1): 47-66.
12-Blumler, Jay G. and Denis McQuail. 1968. Television in
Politics: Its Uses and Influence. London: Faber & Faber.
13-Kendall, Kathleen E. (2000) Communication in the
Presidential Primaries: Candidates and the Media, 1912-
2000. (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishers).
14-Emery, Michael, and Edwin Emery and Nancy L.
Roberts. (2000) The Press and America: An Interpretive
History of the Mass Media. Ninth Edition. (Boston:
Allyn and Bacon).
15-Scammell, Margaret. 1995. Designer Politics: How
Elections are Won. London:
.
16-Seymour-Ure, Colin. 1996. The British Press and
Broadcasting Since 1945. Oxford:
Blackwell.
17-Thurber, James. (Ed). 2000. Crowded Airwaves:
Campaign Advertising in Elections.
Washington DC: Brookings Institute.
18-MORI (2001) Attitudes to Voting and the Political
Process (Phase 1, May 2001 and

58. 58
Phase 2, June 2001). London: Electoral Commission.
19-
Worcester, R.M. and Mortimore, R. (2001), Explaining
Labour’s Second Landslide, London: Politicos
20-Ries, A. and Trout, J. (2001), Positioning the
Battle for your Mind, London: McGraw-Hill.
.
21- Walsh, K. (1994), “The Marketing of Public Sector
Services”, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 28, No.
3, pp.63-71
22- Norris, Pippa and David Sanders. 2003. Message or
Medium? Campaign Learning
During the 2001 British General Election. Political
Communication. 20: 233-262.
23-Wray, H. J. (1999). Money and politics. In B. I.
Newman (Ed.). Handbook of political marketing. 741-
758. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.