Basic First Aid

1. Basic First Aid
March 7, 2015 – Binus Square
HENDRY HARTONO SE., MM
&
TEAM KSR UNIKA ATMA JAYA JAKARTA

2. Hot Issue!! -- “KEPO”

3. Hot Issue!! – SAFETY STANDARD

4. Hot Issue!! – SAFETY SIGNS

5. Hot Issue!! -- ???

6. Basic First Aid
for Students @ Binus Square – March 7, 2015
AGENDA:
1.Why you should learn first aid?
2.What is Basic First Aid?
3.What is the aim of First Aid?
4.The Don’s & Don’t for First Aid
Treatments
5.First Aid Kit
6.Action Plan
7.Practical Session

7. 1. Gain the knowledge, skills and confidence to act in an emergency
2. Be a resource for your community: we all know about the high risk emergency
events we’re exposed to. Whether it be your immediate family, people in your
street or the broader community, having more people with first aid skills helps
build a stronger and more resilient community
3. Stay up to date with correct treatments: Over time first aid treatments change
and our memories fade so keeping up to date with your first aid certificates and
refreshing your skills is vital
4. Stay safe at work: Illness and injury can happen anywhere, anytime. With first
aid knowledge you can be create a safe work environment and help meet your
workplace’s safety requirements
5. Anyone can learn first aid: no matter what your background or skill level you can
learn first aid.
6. You could be the different between life and death.
Why you should learn first aid?

8. • The initial process of assessing and addressing
the needs of someone who is experiencing
medical emergencies.
• Allows a “non-medical expert” to quickly
determine a person’s physical condition and the
correct course of treatment.
• Can make a difference to a person’s recovery and
could save their life.
What is The Basic First Aid?

9. Learn these 3 ‘P’s:
Preserve life
Prevent further injury
Promote recovery
What is The Aim of First Aid?

10. The Do’s & Don’ts for First Aid
Treatments

11. GENERAL - UNCONSCIOUSNESS

12. GENERAL - UNCONSCIOUSNESS
Diagnosis
General • Don’t give the patient
anything to eat or drink
• Don’t allow the person
who has just fainted to
get up until the victim is
fully conscious
• If the area is warm, don’t
crowd around the victim
Examine the
injuries and causes
of unconsciousness
• Pinch the person and see
if she moves or opens her
eyes
• Tilt head back and keep
arms at right angle to
body
• Raise the legs 8 – 12
inches. This promotes
blood flow to the brain.
• Loosen any tight clothing
• Keep the victim warm if
it is cold outside
• Keep a record of the
casualty’s condition.

13. NOSE BLEED

14. NOSE BLEED
Diagnosis
Nosebleed • Do not lean back.
• Learning back can be
harmful as the blood
could get into the
windpipe, blocking the
airway.
• Sit in a comfortable
upright position and lean
forward slightly.
• Then pinch your nose just
below the bony bridge
and above the fleshy lobes
of the nostrils until the
bleeding is stemmed.
Aftercare: Once the
bleeding is controlled, do
not blow your nose as
this might dislodge the
clot and make you bleed
again.

15. NOSE BLEED

16. HEART ATTACK
Heart attack is one of
the leading causes of
death in many parts
of the world.

17. HEART ATTACK
Diagnosis
Heart Attack • Even if you are not sure
about the symptoms, if
you suspect a heart attack
at all, do not wait.
• Call an ambulance
immediately
• Sit the person down and
try to keep them calm and
conscious.
• If the person is conscious,
give them a 300mg tablet
of aspirin to chew.
Alert! The main risk is that
the heart will stop
beating. Be prepared to
resuscitate if necessary.
Early warning signs:
• Pressure in center of
chest
• Pain in shoulders, neck or
arms
• Chest discomfort with
fainting, sweating or
nausea
.

18. BURNS

19. BURNS
Do you how many degree of burns are there?

20. BURNS
Guess what degree of burn has the person suffered?

21. BURNS
Diagnosis
Burns • Never put ice on the
burn, as it’ll delay healing
or cause extra damage
(think frostbite).
• Also, leave the butter in
the kitchen, unless you
want to make it worse.
• Do not break blisters and
attempt to remove the
skin, as it can cause
infection
.
1st
Degree burn
• Put the burned part in cold water.
2nd
Degree Burn
• Put the burned part in cold water.
• Put cold, wet dressing on burn.
Cover the burn with a loose bandage
(or clean washed cotton sheet for a
larger area) and go to the doctor.
3rd
Degree Burn
• Leave burned clothes on the skin
• If face is burned, keep victim sitting
up
• Keep airway open, tilt head back
• Evaluate burned arms, legs, hands.
Keep burn higher than heart.
• Call for an ambulance

22. BURNS
Diagnosis
Burns • Immediately help a victim
who suffered from
electrical burn without
looking out if the victim
still be in contact with it.
Chemical Burn
• Remove the chemical causing burn by
washing the skin under cool running
water for at least 20 minutes.
• Remove all clothing or jewellery that
may be contaminated by the
chemical.
• After washing, apply a cool, wet cloth
on the burn to relieve pain
• Over this, loosely wrap a dry sterile
dressing or clean cloth.
Electrical Burn
• Call for an ambulance immediately
• Look out if there is any contact with
the electrical source
• ●Turn off the electrical source or try
to move it by using a non –
conducting object
• ●Prevent shock by lying the child
down and raising the legs with an
object, eg: Pillow.

23. CHOKING

24. CHOKING
Diagnosis
Choking
ASK! Are you choking?
If the victim able to talk,
groan, wheeze or cough, he
is partially choked.
• Slap the victim back’s
hard.
• Using your fingers to
force out the item out of
the victim’s mouth.
• Remain calm and encourage the
victim to keep coughing to try and
clear the blockage.
• Stand slightly behind the person to
one side.
• Support their chest with one hand.
Lean the person forward so that the
object blocking the airway will come
out of their mouth, rather than
going further down.
• Give at least 5 sharp blows between
the person’s shoulder blades with
the heel on your hand.
Stop after each blows to check if the
blockage has cleared. If not, give up
to five abdominal thrusts.

25. CHOKING

26. CHOKING
Diagnosis
Choking
Complete blockage
If the victim unable to make
any sound at all.
• Using your fingers to
force out the item out of
the victim’s mouth.
Steps in Abdominal thrusts
1.Stand behind the person who is
choking.
2.Place your arms around the waist and
bend them well forward.
3.Clench your fist and place it right and
place it right above the person’s navel
(belly button)
4.Place your other hand on top, thrust
both hands backwards into their
stomach with a hard, upward
movement.
Do it five times (1 cycle), stop each cycle
to check if the blockage has been
cleared.
Alert!
•Do not thrusts on pregnant and on a
very large sized adult.

27. FIRST AID KIT

28. FIRST AID KIT Following are the
contents of a First Aid
Kit :
1.Cotton wool
2.Adhesive tape
3.Crepe bandage
4.Sterile Dressing
5.Bandage
6.Thermometer
7.Scissors
8.Glove
9. Soap
10.Pain reliever

29. ACTION PLAN

30. ACTION PLAN
This Action Plan is a vital aid to the
first aider in assessing whether the
victim has any life-threatening
conditions and if any immediate first
aid is necessary. They are DRABC .
D - Check for DANGER
1. To you
2. To others
3. To victim
R - Check RESPONSE
1. Is victim conscious?
2. Is victim unconscious?

31. ACTION PLAN
A - Check AIRWAY
1. Is airway clear of objects?
2. Is airway open?
B - Check for BREATHING
1. Is chest rising and falling?
2. Can you hear victim's
breathing?
3. Can you feel the breath on
your cheek?
C - Check for CIRCULATION
• Can you feel a pulse?
• Can you see any obvious signs
of life?

32. UNRESPONSIVE AND BREATHING

33. ACTION PLAN

34. ACTION PLAN
Assess Patient
1.Pause and assess scene. Scene is
safe!
2.Tap or squeeze shoulder. Ask
loudly, “Are you okay?” No response!
3.Have someone alert EMS
4.Look quickly at face and chest for
normal breathing. Occasional gasps
are NOT considered normal. Normal
breathing present!
Note: EMS = Emergency Medical Services

35. ACTION PLAN
Prepare
1.Extend arm nearest to you up
alongside head.
2.Bring far arm across chest and
place back of hand against
cheek.
3.Grasp far leg just above knee
and pull it up so foot is flat on
ground.

36. ACTION PLAN
Roll
1.Grasp shoulder and hip and roll
patient toward you. Roll in a
single motion, keeping head,
shoulders, and torso from
twisting.
2.Roll far enough for face to be
angled forward.
3.Position elbow and knee to
help stabilize head and body.

37. ACTION PLAN
Suspected Injury
1.If person has been seriously
injured, do not move unless
fluids are collecting in airway, or
you are alone and need to leave
to get help.
2.During roll, make sure head
ends up resting on extended arm
and head, neck, and torso are
inline.

38. CONTROL OF BLEEDING

39. ACTION PLAN
Apply Direct Pressure
1.Quickly expose and inspect
wound.
2.Using a clean, absorbent pad,
apply direct pressure with flats
of fingers directly on point of
bleeding.
3.If a pad is not available, apply
direct pressure with just your
gloved hand.

40. ACTION PLAN
Apply Pressure Bandage
1.Wrap a roller gauze or elastic
bandage around limb and over
injury to provide continuous
pressure to wound.
2.Include enough pressure to
control bleeding.
3.Avoid wrapping so tight that
skin beyond bandage becomes
cool to touch, bluish, or numb.
Make sure a finger can be
slipped under bandage once
applied.

41. ACTION PLAN
If Bleeding Continues...
1.If blood soaks through the pad,
apply another pad, leaving the
initial pad in place.
2.Apply more pressure with the
palm of your hand.

42. ACTION PLAN

43. CARDIOPULMONARTY
RESUCITATION
( CPR )
- “Advance Training Program”-

44. CPR for ADULT
1. Position person face up on
flat, firm surface. Kneel close
to chest. Place heel of one
hand on center of chest.
2. I Place heel of second hand
on top of first. You can inter-
lace your fingers to help keep
off chest.

45. CPR for ADULT
Position your shoulders directly
above your hands. Lock your
elbows and use upper body
weight to push.

46. CPR for ADULT
1. Push hard, straight down at
least 2 inches. Lift hands and
allow chest to fully rebound.
2. Without interruption, push
fast at a rate of at least 100
times per minute.
3. Keep up the force and speed
of compressions.

47. CPR for Children
1. Place heel of one hand on lower
half of breastbone, just above
the point where the ribs meet.
2. Push hard, straight down at
least 1⁄3 the diameter of the
chest, or about 2 inches. Lift
hand and allow chest to fully
rebound.
3. Without interruption, push fast
at a rate of at least 100 times
per minute. Keep up the force
and speed of compressions.
4. Compressions can be tiring. If
desired, use two hands, as with
adults.

48. CPR for Infant
1. Place tips of two fingers on
the breastbone just below
the nipple line.
2. Push hard, straight down at
least 1⁄3 the diameter of the
chest, or about 11⁄2 inches.
Lift fingers and allow chest to
fully rebound.
3. Without interruption, push
fast at a rate of at least 100
times per minute. Keep up
the force and speed of
compressions.

49. THANK YOU