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FORCED IMMIGRATION The Atlantic Slave Trade “ Humanity is divided into two -- the masters and the slaves.” ~Aristotle
[object Object],The Transatlantic Slave Trade Europe, Africa and the Americas. ,[object Object],raw materials
A Merchant Slaving Vessel:  The  Henrietta Marie Let’s follow the journey of a typical slave ship… First Stop! London!
The Port of  London The Henrietta Marie would start its journey in the London,  a thriving    port built on the banks of the Thames River.  jobs dreams ,[object Object]
Investors  in the  Henrietta Marie ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],weather
Investors in the Slave Trade 1.  Around what year was the Slave Trade at its peak? 2.  Which country continued the Slave Trade the longest?  Why? By 1650, most of the coastal states in Europe had possessions in the Americas.  Graph of countries participating in the slave trade
The Crew of a Merchant Slave Ship Men who could not find other work often gravitated to ports such as London where they signed on to escape their economic problems.  Crews of slavers tended to be desperate, violent men.
Former slave ship master Reverend John Newton (B.1725) wrote about the men aboard the merchant slavers: "We are for the most part supplied with the refuse and dregs of the nation. The prisons and glass houses supply us with large quotas of boys impatient of their parents and masters, or already ruined by some untimely vice and for the most part devoid of principles."
 
A Merchant Slaving Vessel:  The  Henrietta Marie Three-masted, square-sterned vessel, about 60 feet long.  Small ship, capable of holding 200 slaves in her cargo area.   Stepped decks, built on many levels to accommodate the different cargoes of the transatlantic trade route. To Africa!
[object Object],Arriving in  Africa! Benin
Port cities along the coast were controlled by Portuguese, Dutch, English. ,[object Object],[object Object]
The  Henrietta Marie  in Africa guns ,[object Object],[object Object]
Slavery in Africa 1.  If you were an African tribal leader, what would you want in exchange for slaves? Why? Powerful African leaders met with European Traders from the Henrietta Marie.
Slavery and War Pewter, Iron bars, glass beads, guns and other    goods were rare in Africa, where they could be    sold for much more than in England or other    European countries. guns guns ,[object Object]
Africans Enslave Africans ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Soon Africans were rounding up slaves in groups of one, two and three hundred for sale to the increasing number of European vessels arriving in coastal ports.
Slave Catching Raids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Before Shipping ,[object Object],[object Object]
Europeans were Middle Men Not Welcomed Inland! Did convert some kingdoms to Christianity (Kongo) Forbidden to alter African politics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The  Henrietta Marie ,[object Object],[object Object],To the Americas! Middle Passage
[object Object],Middle Passage
The “Cargo” ,[object Object],[object Object]
Dangers of Middle Passage Scurvy Dysentery Gangrene Dehydration Suicide Disease Malnutrition ,[object Object]
The Middle Passage “ If the Atlantic were to dry up it would reveal a scattered pathway of human bones marking the various routes of the Middle Passage.” ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Atlantic Slave Trade ,[object Object],[object Object],1. Despite the inhumane treatment of the African people, why did the slave trade continue until the 19 th  Century?
The Triangle Trade SUGAR, TABACCO SLAVES GUNS, RUM, GOODS
Arrival in the Americas:  The  Henrietta Marie The Native Americans were beginning to be exterminated-due to over working and disease. Land Ho! Colonizers in the New World found a new source of labor... ____________. the Africans
Selling Slaves in the Caribbean   ,[object Object],[object Object]
Get Your Workers Here! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Profitability ,[object Object],[object Object],Some believe the slave trade was the major reason for the rise of commercial capitalism and the Industrial Revolution.
Forced Migration of Africans Africans mine and wash gold and deliver it to a Spanish overseer A system soon developed where _______________ enslaved Africans were sent to Spanish America by as early as 1600. 75,000 to 90,000
Rebellions in the Caribbean ,[object Object],free ,[object Object]
Indentured Servants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],usually five years
The European Sweet Tooth cotton ,[object Object],[object Object]
The  Henrietta Marie ,[object Object],[object Object],Back to! London!
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Transatlantic slave trade

  • 1. FORCED IMMIGRATION The Atlantic Slave Trade “ Humanity is divided into two -- the masters and the slaves.” ~Aristotle
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  • 3. A Merchant Slaving Vessel: The Henrietta Marie Let’s follow the journey of a typical slave ship… First Stop! London!
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  • 6. Investors in the Slave Trade 1. Around what year was the Slave Trade at its peak? 2. Which country continued the Slave Trade the longest? Why? By 1650, most of the coastal states in Europe had possessions in the Americas. Graph of countries participating in the slave trade
  • 7. The Crew of a Merchant Slave Ship Men who could not find other work often gravitated to ports such as London where they signed on to escape their economic problems. Crews of slavers tended to be desperate, violent men.
  • 8. Former slave ship master Reverend John Newton (B.1725) wrote about the men aboard the merchant slavers: "We are for the most part supplied with the refuse and dregs of the nation. The prisons and glass houses supply us with large quotas of boys impatient of their parents and masters, or already ruined by some untimely vice and for the most part devoid of principles."
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  • 10. A Merchant Slaving Vessel: The Henrietta Marie Three-masted, square-sterned vessel, about 60 feet long. Small ship, capable of holding 200 slaves in her cargo area. Stepped decks, built on many levels to accommodate the different cargoes of the transatlantic trade route. To Africa!
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  • 14. Slavery in Africa 1. If you were an African tribal leader, what would you want in exchange for slaves? Why? Powerful African leaders met with European Traders from the Henrietta Marie.
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  • 17. Soon Africans were rounding up slaves in groups of one, two and three hundred for sale to the increasing number of European vessels arriving in coastal ports.
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  • 27. The Triangle Trade SUGAR, TABACCO SLAVES GUNS, RUM, GOODS
  • 28. Arrival in the Americas: The Henrietta Marie The Native Americans were beginning to be exterminated-due to over working and disease. Land Ho! Colonizers in the New World found a new source of labor... ____________. the Africans
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  • 32. Forced Migration of Africans Africans mine and wash gold and deliver it to a Spanish overseer A system soon developed where _______________ enslaved Africans were sent to Spanish America by as early as 1600. 75,000 to 90,000
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