Why Is The Fall Of Democracy In Aziile And Brazil

Why Is The Fall Of Democracy In Aziile And Brazil
Why is the economy of Brazil extremely unstable when compared to that of Chile, even though the
two countries had very similar transitions to democracy? I will also examine whether there was a
drastic change in the economic policies of the government before and after democratization. Chile
and Brazil faced struggles while shifting from a dictatorship to a democracy. They faced a host of
social and economic issues, including corruption, inflation and internal political dispute, but Chile
emerged as the region's economic success story. Both of these countries are working towards a free
market economy, but there is always the question of whether democracy will thrive and ensure
political stability in the region while trying to adopt a new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Once wealthy, the population would always choose a democracy over a dictatorship. In fact, the
authors find the survival of a democracy is easy to predict based on the economic development of
the country. As I will further demonstrate, economic development and democracy do not have a
causal relationship. Economic stability is determined by the confidence of the majority population in
the institutions established by the government. The economic and legal framework put in place
should ensures strong property rights and provide credibility for people to invest in long term
projects. Institutions are relevant only if they impose constraints to the behavior of actors. "They
should diminish: i) the discretion of the government in the administration and implementation of
policy objectives; and/or ii) the ability of the government to undertake unilateral changes in
policies." These conditions are similar to those stated by Levy and Spiller (1994) as the mechanisms
that provide credibility and effectiveness to a generic regulatory framework. Those who have the
utmost confidence in public institutions prefer flexibility as they believe they will pursue economic
policies that are beneficial for the majority population at any given time. However, the politician
who actually makes these policies prioritises their self preservation and maximises their own
welfare function. The transition to democracy in Brazil occurred in the 1970s. The regime change
promised Brazil political
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The New Democracy Strategy For America 's Political And...
commune – large units of people who lived together and shared work, income, and possessions that
were responsible for accomplishing administrative and economic tasks at a local level quota – a
specific limit or number that is expected to be achieved; a proportional share assigned to a division
1. What was the purpose of the New Democracy strategy? Was it successful? Explain.
The purpose of the New Democracy strategy was meant to spur China's political and economic
recovery. In order to do so, it required the support of the poorer peasants and productivity so that it
would modernize China's industry through land redistribution and capital activities. However, the
New Democracy strategy was unsuccessful because agricultural production was ... Show more
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The land redistribution program for the peasants was positively accepted such that Mao believed
that the next step, the Great Leap Forward, would also be successful. Unfortunately, the program
failed because the rural collectives did not accomplish the economic and administrative tasks
assigned to them. Instead, the program was established in the wrong moment due to bad weather,
which contributed to the downward trend of food production. Furthermore, many peasants resisted
the efforts to work, thus it also contributed to millions of people dying from starvation in the next
several years.
3. Was the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution evidence of Communism's strength or its
weakness? Explain.
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was an evidence of Communism's strength because a vast
majority of the economic and educational reforms were carried out successfully. By introducing a
new school system and eradicating profit incentives, it enabled Mao to spread its communism
ideologies into practice in China. For instance, instead of teaching children science and humanities,
Mao encouraged schools to teach what's more important, the Little Red Book, which were Mao's
maxim regarding revolutionary passion and good behavior. Moreover, thoughts, culture, habits, and
culture from the past that did not belong with Mao's communism ideologies were also eliminated. In
other words, with

Economic Theory, Democracy, and the Progressive Church
Economic Theory, Democracy, and the Progressive Church The overriding difference between
modernization theory and dependency theory is that where modernization theory contends that there
are universal practices that result in economic success, dependency theory states that poor countries
are subordinated by wealthier ones in order to maintain the status quo. To this end, modernization
theory involves the belief that by adopting principles of wealthy nations, such as technology and
mass culture, economically disenfranchised cultures can enjoy success (Weinstein, 2008). Implicit in
modernization theory is that every country can achieve success through following the same
framework. In contrast with modernization theory, dependency theory does not advocate for poorer
nations to attempt to assimilate the practices of the wealthy ones. In this regard, dependency theory
does not evince the commitment to globalization that characterizes modernization theory; countries
are not seen as operating cooperatively and are instead viewed as competing for the same limited
pool of resources. Additionally, where modernization theory necessarily involves technology and
other principles of modernity (including the ability to interact with others from geographically
distant locations), dependency theory does not subscribe to the belief that incorporating technology
will lead to economic success (Scott, 1995). At stake in the debate between modernization theory
and dependency theory is thus

How Democracy Is The Only System Of Governance
During my investigation for the CIA I visited several autocracies, some successful, some not. I also
visited several democracies some struggling and some unrivaled in their success. Although there are
cons of each system of government I have come to the conclusion that democracy is the only system
of governance that would fit best with the United States of America and set it up for success in the
future. Democracy is defined as a "government by the people; a form of government in which the
supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents
under a free electoral system."1 The United States of America is meant to be ruled by many instead
of a select few. A broad participation in government now more than ever is key in order to get
through these tough times and come out a stronger more resilient country. A democracy will not be
as easy or as clean cut as a autocracy but it will be the right thing to do for the country's success in
the long run, socially, economically and to stay the strong world power that we are. In democracy
the right decisions may not be made all the time. But there tends to be a happy medium that makes
sure everyone gets a little bit of what they wanted in a democracy. Instead of one person or a small
group of people controlling the country a democracy is a collaboration of many different groups and
ideas. As a specialist in my field I feel like these qualities that democracy gives to the government is
key to

The Importance Of Democracy In Colonial America
Language, like all else, changes over time. "Nice" used to mean foolish, and "awful" used to mean
full of awe. This too gives context to why when democracy, or "rule by the people," is mentioned
today, the word does not have the same connotation as it did to the inhabitants of colonial North
America. Similarly, the democracy of the 1800s, colloquially known as the early republic period,
was different from democracy during the time of the revolution. The tradition in colonial Virginia,
for instance, was that democratic voting power only applied to the aristocratic members of the
clergy. In New England, only the property–holding "elect" had a say in town decisions. This
tradition of not–quite equality in democracy held through to revolutionary times. As Stanley N. Katz
puts it, "Indeed, during most of American history, framers of constitutions, lawmakers, and judges
avoided committing the nation to the protection of individual equality." Because of the strength of
majorities, laissez–faire economic policy, and an increase in opportunity, democracy replaced
tradition as the provider of political power during the early republic in the northern United States.
White males gained universal suffrage because of their numbers, breaking the aristocratic property–
based tradition. In the earliest days of the United States, most state constitutions adopted the same
voting eligibility as were established in the colonies and in Britain: ownership of property. The
justification for this,

Jacksonian Democracy Dbq Analysis
1990 Jacksonian Democracy DBQ The Jacksonian Democracy was a 19th–century political
philosophy in the United States that believed greater democracy for the common man. Andrew
jackson the leader of the philosophy brought about many changes in the government. Jacksonian
Democrats viewed themselves as the guardians of the United States constitution, individual liberty,
political democracy, and equality of economic opportunity. They were somewhat able to protect
political democracy and equality of economic opportunity, but they were not guardians of the
constitution or individual liberty. The United States Constitution was not protected when Andrew
Jackson went against the supreme court decision with the Indian Removal Act and the South
Carolina Resolutions. Document G, an illustration that demonstrates Indians forced to move
westward on the Trail of tears because of the Indian Removal Act. This act created by Jacksonian
Democracy were uncontinsitual infringements of the Indians' rights. As shown in Document F the
Acts and Resolutions of South Carolina are unconstitutional because it is against the first
amendment, which is freedom of speech and it took away ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Harriet Martineau states she is impressed by the political democracy in the U.S. in her report
provided in Document D. It clear to say that Harriet supported the idea that Andrew was protector of
rights for common man. In the past there was a caucus only for party leaders then this was replaced
by common voters, who chose electors instead called the Spoils System making a corrupt
government. Document A was in response from George Henry Evans to the working men's party, a
labor union demonstrating support to the working class.I would agree that Jacksonians weren't able
to provide the people with real democracy that they were

Relationship Between Democracy And Economic Development
Introduction: The relationship between democracy and economic development has taken a
substantial attraction in recent years. Most of the analysts debate whether the relationship between
democracy and economic development is close with contradictory hypothesis and findings. Both the
arguments defending and opposing this relationship exists. Some scholars claim that democracy
promotes and hinders economic development; others argue that economic development improves or
slows democracy. There exists a third group of scholars who claim there is no relationship between
democracy and economic development.
In this essay I will try to review the existing interrelationships between democracy and economic
development and will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some scholars find that this relation is positive while others argue that it is negative. Mostly it is
believed that there exist three schools of thought regarding this relationship between democracy and
economic development.
Below I will be discussing all three schools of thought based on the existing articles and reports
which I have reviewed. One of the most common used measurement of economic development is
the GDP per capita.
i. Direct/Positive Relationship b/w Democracy and Economic Development: There are two
conflicting contentions on the immediate relationship between democracy and economic growth.
"Similarity" point of view claims that democracy has a beneficial outcome on economic growth. A
few analysts contend that in less–developed countries fair administrations are suitable to advance
managed and evenhanded economic growth. The contentions depend on the rationale that
democratic processes, which include the presence and activity of major common freedoms and
political rights, make social circumstances which are more helpful for improve the economic
advancement. Subsequently, democratic governments are more positive to great economic execution
than other

Democracy and Economic Development in Mexico and Russia Essay
Why is it that some countries are classified as developed and others not? What is the criteria used to
determine this? Some people believe that within the criteria to evaluate a country's development,
democracy and economic development must be taken into consideration, and that a link exists
between them. Democracy can be defined as a form of government in which people choose their
leaders by voting, it also implies equal rights and treatment. (Merriam Webster n.d.) By the other
hand, economic development can be defined as the progress in an economy referring to an
improvement of living standards, the adoption of new technologies and the transition form an
agricultural to an industrial based economy. (Business Dictionary n.d.)
Mexico and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the other hand, Russia has a GDP per capita of 14,037US$, considered as high income for
Russians. (The World Bank 2014)
I believe that having a GDP per capita as an indicator of economic development in a country is
totally wrong, because it is not taking into consideration how the gross domestic product of a
country is being distributed. They are not valid indicators to talk about the economic development of
a country, because in the case of Mexico at least, there is a 52.3% of the population who are poor
and their income is by far, less than the average GDP per capita. (The World Bank 2014) For the
freedom indicators, I believe that they are valid and truly represent the situation of both countries.
As stated before, some people argue that there is a relationship between both indicators, with
economic development causing democracy. Based on the data presented here, I would say that that
might be true in some countries, but not in the ones that have been addressed here. For example,
Russia has a greater GDP per capita than Mexico, but it is considered to be a not free country, while
Mexico is a partly free one with a lower GDP per capita. Yes, Russians might have a greater income
per capita, but they are not free people. In sum, it can be said that democracy and economic
development play huge roles in the development of a country, however these are not the only factors
that need to be taken into consideration, and it

Does Modernization Lead Democracy Or Does It Not?
Does Modernization lead to Democracy or does it not? My hypothesis for this research question is
that modernization does not lead to democracy even as I explore the different kinds of literature
written on this subject. As part of my research design I have decided to use a single case study as a
comparative method. This is because case studies offer a detailed explanation of the topic of
discussion transforming "journalism into political science" (Hague & Harrop, 2013: 361). I have
decided to look at Singapore to provide a well–rounded description which will therefore show how
it operates in the context of modernization and democracy. One of the primary authors who decided
to study the relationship between economic development and democracy was Seymour Martin
Lipset in both this books titled Political Man and The Social Requisites of Democracy. (Heo & Tan,
2001) Since his literature came out more and more social scientists began to expand or critique on
the words of Lipset in carrying out their own research. It is clear to see that discourses around
economic progress and democracy are still debated to this day. Arguments around whether or not
democracy should come first then development follows are also being discussed in other areas.
However there is a general consensus across the board of most authors that the two are closely
related. Many argue that they go hand in hand; it is not wise to have one without the other. In
helping to answer my research question the work of

The Main Factors Of The Democratic Breakdowns And Which...
To explain the different approaches to the democratic breakdowns and which are the factors that
enlighten this phenomenon it is been highly important in the comparative literature, because it
allows us to observe and give reasons about the different process of the countries in their political
development. One of the question that we must answer for this week reading is: One of the classic
accounts of democratic breakdown, by Juan Linz, argues that "Breakdown is the result of processes
initiated by the government's incapacity to solve problems for which the disloyal oppositions offer
themselves as a solution." Based on this week's readings and your knowledge of cases, do you
agree? My primary approach to this is that I am partially agree ... Show more content on
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This is the main reason why the people start to create private association activities to find solutions
to the issues that the state cannot resolve (Berman, 1997). I think this I the central reason why the
Weimar Republic fails, with a weak government the civil society was forced to developed itself for
achieving particular wellbeing, the state was the organization which does not create the conditions to
work united. I think this argument is more coherent because includes the economic influences. If the
economy is weak in a country is related to decisions made by the government. Even though we live
in a time where the idea of free market and capitalism is highly applied by states, it is also truth that
the states have an influential role in the economy, choosing policies that improve or decrease their
economic growth. Even further, institutions are created to "reduce uncertainty by stablishing a stable
(but not necessarily efficient) structure to human interaction" (North, 1990, p. 6), thus economic
interaction is also a kind of behavior that must be regulated by the state through institutions which
"are the humanly devised constraints" (North, 1990, p.3), thus if they are not working correctly in
the economic, social, political realm is more likely to have a democracy breakdown. I think in this
direction we must to understand the argument of Slater, Smith & Nair (2014) remark that the
bureaucracy which

Democracy Hinders Growth And Its Effect On Economic...
Some scholars have argued that democracy hinders growth as a result of a collective action problem,
while others argue it is the democratic institutions constraining government, and providing
individual property rights which allows for economic growth (Montesquieu, 1748; Smith, 1776;
Buchanan and Tullock, 1962; North and Thomas, 1973; North, 1981, 1990; Hall and Jones, 1999;
Easterly and Levine, 2003; Rodrik, 2007). The former approach focuses on the role of leadership in
a nondemocratic regime, specifically in how a good leader can affect the economic development in a
region. The latter approach focuses on how investor risk aversion that results from the lack of
property rights, corruption, inefficiencies, and political instability in a ... Show more content on
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The notion goes back to de Tocqueville, but in modern form it has been revived by Barro's empirical
work (1996a and b). Finally, Wintrobe (1998) argues that the authoritarian elite successfully rules by
repressing some in the population while nurturing the loyalty of others. Similarly, the threat of a
rebellion by the opposition compels the dictator to share rents in Gandhi and Przeworski (2006).
The literature on rent seeking suggests a means by which alternatives to collective action can
insulate state actors from societal interests (Mares, 1993: 457). Rent creation implies rent
distribution, creating incentives for rent seeking in the domestic economy; even efficient firms will
devote resources either to capture the rents or to lobby for their elimination ' (Buchanan, p.35).
Bates ' work on Africa demonstrates that, rather than simply buying off societal opposition, state
actors can distribute rents to build supportive policy coalitions (1981). A second way for state actors
to build a winning policy coalition is to help potential supporters of state preferences overcome
barriers to collective action through their power to tax and regulate. Here, state actors can force
would–be free riders to contribute to the provision of the collective good (Olson, 1965).
Olson (1993, Olson and McGuire, 1996, Olson, 2000) compares the economics of dictatorships

Relationship Between Democracy And Economic Growth
Economic growth of a country is something that depends on a number of factors. In this dissertation,
I will investigate the effect of democracy and political freedom on economic growth. Both
democracy and autocracy have various examples of leading countries to economic growth as well as
deterioration of the economy. Along with the nature of the political regime in the nation there are
several other factors that influence economic growth in a country. I will also look in detail at the
effects of these variables on growth and will also later isolate their effects since the direct
relationship between political regime and growth can be established. Looking at non democracy in
countries such as China and the Arab countries, one may feel that democratic institutions are not
important for economic growth. Some may even go ahead and term it as a disturbance in the path of
growth, for instance in a paper written by Daren Acemoglu et al titled "Democracy Does Cause
Growth", the authors described the view that some consider democracy a hindrance. Robert Barro
presents the academic view on the issue and says that the key lesson to be learnt is that democracy is
not a key to growth and neither do more political rights mean that there are more chances of
economic growth (Barro 1997, pp. 1 and 11). The literature written with regards to the relationship
between democracy and growth mainly suggests that there is a relationship in existence. Robert J
Barro published a paper in 1996 where he

Is There a Relationship between Democracy and GDP Essays
Taking each region in turn, I have identified two states or countries from each of the eight regions.
The first two that I have identified are from Latin America. Brazil seems to have the highest GDP
economic rank at $2.422 trillion; however their per capita is only $12, 100. The state of Brazil is a
democracy and I do think that has some effect on their economic rank because the state equally
allows its people to make their own decisions based on social, cultural and ethical values. Perhaps
Brazil's per capita is so low because in 2008 Brazil encountered two quarters of recession.
Unemployment is at a notable low and Brazil's conventionally high level of income inequity has
declined in the last 14 years. Next is the state of Mexico, which ... Show more content on
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Moldova is one of the poorest countries in Europe. I believe that Moldova's economic performance
is in relation to the fact that they are not a democratic country because, like I stated before,
democracy leads to economic growth and since they do not have a democracy, it has lead to poor
economic achievement. Ukraine is also under the form of Republic and is not a democracy.
However, Ukraine is doing much better in economic rank than Moldova. The GDP for Ukraine is
$337.4 billion and the per capita is $7, 400. Perhaps if the people of Moldova and Ukraine were able
to vote, instead of representatives voting for them, their economic rank and per capita would rise.
As for the Middle East and North Africa, Egypt is doing quite well for not being a democratic state.
Egypt is under the form of Republic and is bringing in an economic GDP rank of $551.4 billion and
per capita of $6, 600. Perhaps this is because Egypt is split between where most economic action
takes place. Therefore, I don't believe that economic performance has anything to do with the fact
that Egypt is not a democracy. Morocco is a constitutional monarchy, but it is not a democracy.
Morocco brings in an economic GDP rank of $180 billion and a per capita of $5, 500. I don't believe
that the economic performance coincides with the fact that it is not a democracy. Morocco may want
to rethink their options about turning towards a democracy. It could benefit them, economically

Economic And Cultural Impact On The Quality Of Democracy...
The study of how both economic and cultural factors influence differences in the quality of
democracy across the globe is extremely important; insight into this specific political outcome will
allow governments to analyse and promote potential democratic movement and policy as accurately
as possible. In this essay I will use the most similar systems de–sign (MSS) to explore three case
studies using statistical analysis of data with two de–pendent variables, in attempt to conclude the
extent to which economic modernisation theory and cultural modernisation theory can explain
variations in the quality of democra–cy in my chosen countries. I have chosen to study Algeria,
Libya, and Tunisia due to their compatibility with the MMS design, given their variation in levels of
democracy by Polity IV rating, yet their similarities regarding their strong Arab influence,
geographical proximity, colonial history, religious and ethnic homogeneity, and their strong ties both
historically and economically with Europe (Contreras, 2007, pp. 109–110). All three countries form
part of the Maghreb region of northwest Africa which has historically experienced an enormously
diverse flow of people across its territory, one example of this being its Euro–pean colonisation
during the earlier twentieth century. Whilst each successive colonisation has heavily influenced the
regions' terrain and social habits, the Arab influence still domi–nates the region (Griffiths, 2015
p.166). This is easily

P2/M1 Unit 37 Essay examples
Explain the implications for the business and stakeholders of a business operating ethically. (P2)
All businesses have a number of stakeholders each with individual interests in what the business
does, the owners (In co–ops case, the members) will want good financial gains from their
investments. Businesses such as co–op should be managed with the interests of all stakeholders in
mind.
Stakeholder is anyone with an interest in a business. Stakeholder can be individuals, groups or even
organisations that are affected by the activity of the business, they include:
Owners who are interested in how much profit the business makes Managers who are concerned
about their salary Workers who want their wages to be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As I mentioned in the introduction it is more than likely that there will be conflict between one or
more of the stakeholders of the cooperative, one conflict that is more than possible is between the
environmentalists and the members of the cooperative. If the co–op bring out a brand new product
or range etc at it seems to be doing well then the members will be pleased that their investments has
paid off and they are getting good profits of it. However if the products is controversial for example
tree's have been cut down to help make the packaging of the product then environmentalists might
decide to make a big campaign, protesting to get the products of the shelves. If the environmentalists
succeed in their protests then it means the members are losing a good profit which is a big loss for
the company.
The second type of stakeholders is:
External stakeholders: Groups who may have an impact in the business but are not in the inner circle
– eg suppliers and the local community. The suppliers are a very important part of the business and
without them the co–op wouldn't be able to function properly. If for example the co–op wanted to
reduce their carbon emissions then this could affect the suppliers.
Because the suppliers will normally either use big lorry's or through aeroplanes (if they are shipping
from abroad) this

Democracy And The State Of Economic Development
The remarkable progress for democracy is being witnessed for the past two decades. The number of
democratic political systems has climbed from 44 to 107 since 1972. Over half of the 187 countries
in the world today, 58 percent have adopted democratic government. To start with, when exactly did
modern democracy emerge? Political scientist, Samuel Huntington argues today's democracies
emerged in a series of distinct waves of democratization between 1828 and 1991. Meanwhile, one of
the most extensive and influential linkages between political systems and social environment is the
statistically significant positive relationship flanked by democracy and the state of economic
development in classic modernization theory. In other words, the more wealthy a country becomes,
the greater the opportunities that its political regime will lead to democracy. This observation was
first advanced in 1959 by Lipset, who generated a huge body of research data in the studies of
comparative politics. Yet, controversy among the field roots not only from the use of different
definitions, but also from variations in methodology to measure the extent of transitions. Therefore,
it is necessary to define democracy in order to discuss the related phenomenon accurately. For the
purposes of this paper, democracy refers to the extent that political power is evenly distributed in a
society with the aim of supplying regular constitutional chances for changing the governing officials
in a

Benefits And Problems With Democracy
The benefits and Problems with Democracy
In the famous words of Sir Winston Churchill, "No one pretends that democracy is perfect or all–
wise. Indeed, it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all those other
forms that have been tried from time to time." As a staunch supporter of democracy, Churchill is
admitting that although there may be a variety of flaws in a democratic government, it is still a far
more suitable choice of governing as opposed to alternate forms of government. Widely accepted as
the most popular and working form of government, democracy is, in a nutshell, a political system in
which the power is given to the popular vote of the people. In fact, the very origins of the term
democracy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Foreign investors and international businesses would also be naturally reluctant to venture their
businesses into a nation that has a potential undergo political turmoil. However, in most autocracies
or extreme oligarchies, the exchange of power from one regime to another political party typically
results in a large amount of bloodshed and violence. Furthermore, even if one regime manages to
take control without any kind of violence and turmoil as most often the case, the new political party
may or may not choose to take the country's economic policies to a whole new direction. In a
democratic country, however, change from one political party to another is fairly safe and secure
with little political upheaval, since the new political party would be elected by the masses that
political party's economic policies should be reflection of a majority opinion of the country. Thus,
democracy would be preventing any rash and unforeseen economic changes made by a new political
party as well as maintaining the political and economic safety of the country. This in turn provides
an incentive for local industries to look toward long–term economic growth, as well as providing the
safety necessities for foreign industries to invest in the country's growth. Continuing on the benefits
of a democracy on the economy are the more obscure benefits such as

Russia And The Steps Toward A Western Democracy
Russia and the steps toward a Western Democracy Throughout most of the 20th century, Russia has
arguably been the most dominant communist country in the world. Russia had created a socio–
economic oder that gave the government control of everything from manufacturing, to the
distribution of wealth, jobs, food and so forth. The communist ideology was greatly influenced by
Karl Marx; a revolutionary communist who believed society functioned best when the governments
intervened with markets (although the form of communism found in Russia was tweaked to what
Karl Marx suggested) (Hauss, 2015). On the other side of the spectrum, Western nations like the US
and Great Britain mainly believed that free markets, democratic governments and minimal
government intervention were most effective when it comes to political and social systems.These
economic and political ideas where inspired by great economists like Milton Friedman and Adam
Smith, who both argued that markets work best when governments intervene less, and the invisible
forces of supply and demand would help the economy prosper. An important event that changed the
path of Russia's governmental system was the ending of the Cold War. As the West emerge
victorious from the war, so does the idea of Capitalism and Democracy. After the 1980's, it is
evident that many communist countries like Russia and China,there has been a movement towards
democracy and laissez faire markets. While some argue that Russia is evolving into a

Democracy is NOT Right for All Nations Essay
Is Democracy the Right Thing For All Nations? No, Democracy is Not Right For All Nations.
Merriam–Webster defines the word Democracy as a government by the people, rule of the majority,
a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or
indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections. It is
a government designed for the peoples choice for their ruling of themselves and others within their
community or even nation over political, economic, and matters for the well being of their survival.
A democracy is a great thing that can be perfected with a perfect nation, unfortunately a perfect
nation is as hard to build and come by as a banana ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Robert Kagan, from "Democracies and Double Standards" states that "democracy has taken root in
many nations that never had it before, in large measure due to American intervention, with desirable
consequences for American security and prosperity."(336) Kagan also asks "Can anyone doubt that
the spread of democracy has been a good thing for the world?"(338) The answer is yes, yes we can
doubt that the influence of America on third–world countries with the adaptation of democracy has
been a good thing. The nations who have adopted this form of government are not strong enough,
not developed enough, not economically adequate for the standard that a democracy entails. As
Robert D. Kaplan, influential writer of "Was Democracy Just a Moment?" and educated scholar at
the University of Connecticut explains "In this respect, democracy sets a high standard that many
nations may not be able to meet."(337) The economy has to be good enough to withstand a
democracy. In most cases, the economy of these third–world countries cant even hold the straw that
broke the camels back let alone the entire famished weight of its own people. These countries, at this
moment in time, do not with have the education or economic cultivation needed to survive
"successfully" in a democracy. They are used to being told what to do and how much to eat and what
to wear so it would be a total atomic culture shock to be transformed into a full democracy. A

In General Terms, Democracy Is Characterized As A Government
In general terms, democracy is characterized as a government in which citizens have the capabilities
to exercise political autonomy to influence the affairs of the state. To be more precise, citizens are
able to exercise direct control over the government–as in the case of pure democracies–or they are
able to exercise indirect control–as in the case of representative democracies. Of course this general
characterization is an oversimplification of what a democracy is and precisely how it functions.
However, the ability of the citizenry to influence state affairs is the bedrock that generally constitute
a democracy.
In an attempt to further sharpen this concept, I found it necessary in my previous paper to consider
what democracy looks ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Second, in recognizing that democracy can take on the extreme of these tendencies, my
characterization now includes the assumption that democracy requires a relative nature–a constant
shift between consolidation and decentralization–to guard against the possibilities of tyranny by the
minority or the majority. Lastly, in recognizing these possibilities, my definition now assumes that
the role of the citizenry should be to understand the relative nature of democracy and the
implications it has regarding political power and the stability of the state. While I have incorporated
these additional assumptions, I still retained my definition: democracy is a relative struggle between
consolidation and decentralization. As such, I have found much support and reinforcement from the
different theorist and literatures explored this semester. In my first revision of my original
conception of democracy, I eliminated the restrictions that tied the driving tendencies of democracy
to oligarchism and anarchism, and expanded these tendencies to all notions of consolidating or
decentralizing political power. As such, my argument is that democracy is driven by two opposing
forces that aims to consolidate political power in the hands of a few, or decentralize political power
in the

Chile: The Economic Development Of Democracy In Chile
To understand the evolution of political institutions in Latin American and Caribbean countries one
must understand the history of how politics have typically been corrupted, often dictatorial, and
infrequently democratic in these regions. "Latin America has been a region that has experience
foreign invasions, instabilities of institutions, and revolutions". Latin American countries such as
Chile, exemplify a country that has experienced an evolution from an authoritarian rule to a
democratic regime due to factors such as the political structure, stateness, economic performance,
social institutions, and international power and influence, that have contributed and, or hindered to a
democratization.
During the 18th century Chile was a colony of Spain, however, the stateness problem was solved
when Chile became independent form Spain in 1818 creating a partial democracy. Hence, causing a
period of political instability and civil wars in the country from 1818–1831. In 1833, the New
Portalian constitution was fulfilled creating a strong presidency. From this time forward Chile was
able to develop a strong economic system based on agriculture and mining. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
During 1932 and 1973 Chile's economic development contributed to democracy. Under Pinochet's
power from 1973–1990, Chile experience high levels of economic development under authoritarian
regime, which hindered democracy. Another factor of is economic performance. The poor economic
performance during Ibanez rule contributed to democratization, along with the poor economic
performance of Allende that hindered democratization. During Pinochet's first years of leader he
experienced a high levels of economic performance that hindered towards democracy. However, in
the early 1980s Pinochet experienced a bad economic performance that led to the doubt of society
about his regime and power. This contributed to

The Third Condition For The Stability Of Democracy
The third condition for the stability of democracies is Freedom of speech (Schofield 31). Freedom of
speech must exist in a democracy for stability to prevail. The absence of that is a rise of political
problems. Whereas the freedom allows every individual in the country to have his or her opinion on
how the country should be led, when they begin threatening the leadership it is a matter of peace
disturbance, and they are liable for prosecution. Through it, there are many complaints that will arise
from both the leadership and citizenry fraternities. Countries that lack the financial muscle to
employ political scientists who give the knowledge and research findings on the best policies to
implement in order to push the country forward can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It also leads to mutual concessions between supporters and opponents, resulting in institutional trust
(Lecture notes). Freedom of speech is a prerogative for democratic stability. Indeed, it is one of the
reasons for the progress that democracies have.
The fourth condition for stability of democracies is multiple political debates on the best ways to
move forward and to progress the country. Democracies must allow conflicting ideas from various
parties on how to deal with problems that the nation is facing (Schofield 68). For example, when the
country begins to have Agency problems or the agency costs begin to spiral out of control, the
incumbent leaders must allow for free debates about the underlying factors affecting the country.
In this, the elected politicians might begin to divert the resources into implementation of policies
that are their preferences and not voter preferences (Lecture notes). The debates can properly trigger
the implementation of reliable solutions for this. In many democracies, the solutions are in most
cases are indecisive, which lead to compromise from all the debating parties or leaders, resulting in
innovative ways on how to solve a particular problem. Democracies avoid unfavorable outcomes
when it comes to implementation of public policies that are not agreed upon by representatives in
the country. The solutions for the various problems facing

Contributions Of The Jacksonian Democracy
The period known as the Jacksonian Democracy became known as the most impactful period for the
democracy development in America. The policies that were put in place during this period extended
the power of the common men, allowing them to be eligible to vote without owning land, as well as
extending the borders of the nation, making it larger. However, Jackson also placed the spoils
system, as his economic policy, which proved to be a major dividing factor in the country, causing a
"decentralized economic system that would lead to cyclical recessions." While many events
triggered the development of democracy, there were two main contributions that enabled the start of
democracy during 1820 and 1830. Many changes in politics caused people to be divided due to the
difference between opinions however the Jacksonian economic policy and the Westward movement
allowed many citizens in America to predict the type of government that would be produced
between 1820 and 1830. Therefore the policies, that were democratic–based, and sectional changes,
contributed to the development of a new governing technique. Andrew Jackson's actions and
decision in creating his economic policy influenced the idea of democracy during the 1820's and
1830's. One major contribution to the democratic ideals that Jackson created was the idea of the
'Common Man' being the one to rule. Throughout the course of the years, the elite and wealthy was
the primary focus in deciding how the government should run.

Ap Comparative Government Summer Assignment
AP Comparative Government Summer Assignment: Part 1
1. Democratic Regime: A set of institutions that allow the citizens to choose the makers of public
policy in free, competitive election.
2. Procedural Democracy: Countries with free and fair elections for the real policymakers and
eligibility of all adults meet the minimum requirements for this.
3. Substantive Democracy: Procedural democracy + more political rights and civil liberties
4. Democratization: the transformation from a nondemocratic regime to a procedural democracy to a
substantive democracy. Either as the first government in a newly independent country or by
replacing an authoritarian system in an older one.
5. 3 waves of democratization
a) Started in late 1920's.
b) After WWII. Some older democracies deepened the quality of their democratic institutions by
extending full civil, and political rights to women and minorities.
c) Started in late 1970's in Southern Europe, spread through Latin America and Asia, and accelerated
by collapse of the Soviet Union control of Eastern Europe.
6. Economically inefficient
7. Successful economic development requires great social changes as well as economic changes.
8. Three Waves of democracy is influenced by other states
a) Prohibit: Powerful states may prohibit democracy or impose it i.e. forces of Britain and U.S
imposed new democratic governments in Germany and Japan.
b) Prestige: prestige of democracy has changed over time, encouraged by the results of WW1 and
WW2 and

Essay on Is Democracy a Precondition for Development?
Is democracy a necessary condition for development?
In the modern and globalized world, it is common to find democratic institutions in the most
economically developed countries. Democratic regimes look different all across the world, and the
term itself is multi–faceted. For the sake of discussion, in its simplest terms, I will refer to
democracy as a system of governance where the population that is governed elects their leaders. A
substantive democracy would include more such the promotion of human rights and rule of law. As
substantive democracies are so common in the developed world, it has led many scholars to ask
whether democracy is a prerequisite for development. There are many examples we can look to that
provide us with the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For a long period, development was only understood in economic terms.[iv] It was assumed that
free and open markets were the key conduit for progress. Recent years have proved that economic
growth alone has not been sufficient in delivering development. The study of development is only a
few decades old and it should be understood to mean a whole range of economic, social and cultural
progress to which people aim. There are various ways of looking at the relationship between
democracy and development. Some authors argue that economic development and democracy have
reciprocal effects on one another. For example, Milton Friedman believes that if people have
ensured political rights, it will reinforce economic rights and therefore beneficial to development.
Economic freedom however is predicated on a free, fair and regulated economy.[v] Friedman does
argue that sometimes, when governments are too involved, for example in income redistribution
projects, this is not conducive to development, however this is not an issue of democracy itself.
Prezeworksi argued that there are two key ways in which democracy is related to economic
development; "democracies may be more likely to emerge as countries develop economically, or
having been established for whatever reasons, democracy may be more likely to survive in
developed countries"[vi] and others argue that the relationship between development leads to
democracy in

Individual Economic Opportunity, Social Equality And...
Individual Economic Opportunity, Social Equality and Political Democracy in the 19th Century
Name:
Institution:
Individual Economic Opportunity, Social Equality and Political Democracy in the 19th Century
Introduction
Between 1865 and 1900, many people looked at United States as a country where individual
economic opportunities, social equality and political democracy reigned supreme. One cannot say
that this people were entirely right or wrong. To some extent, they were right by from different
perspectives, the same cannot be said. However, one thing that is for sure is the economic
opportunities that were available during this period. All the three aspects, individual economic
opportunities, social equality and political democracy were present, although not to everyone.
Individual Economic Opportunity On the other hand, not the same can be said about economic
status and opportunities. During this period immediately after the civil war, the country started on a
tremendous growth led by the railway industry. It was a period also referred to as the railroad boom
just like the 1990 was referred to as the computer boom. The railway construction was aided by the
governments in terms of funds as well as through land grants to the rail companies. The government
funded about half of the finances for construction, which accelerated the construction. This created
many economic opportunities for Americans, who could work in these constructions including
African

The Importance Of Democracy
A well–established democracy does not derive its power from the institutions and procedures that
make it function. It derives its powers from the amount of civic participation there is linked within
the democracy itself. The standard definition for a democracy is a system of government in which
the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives from among themselves to form a
governing body of political leaders that could potentially hold elite positions within office. Elected
representatives at both the state and national level must listen to the constituents and their needs so
they can effectively address situations properly. In order to have a strong, stable democracy, you
need a thriving developed economy, strong citizen participation, and the ability to solve conflict
without violence to show respect to each and every person within a society. Democracy is an
expression that has been around for centuries and has been communicated by many different people
from all over. We have seen many famous philosophers give us their personal thoughts and beliefs
on democracy and if they think it will benefit or hurt sovereign nations in the long run. When people
have a say in electing their own representatives, they feel like their judgement matters to the people
they nominated initially. Even though people have the right to vote for who they want, not everyone
can participate in these elections if you are convicted of a felony, haven't been granted citizenship,
or some

Economic Democracy, Education : Economics, Democracy And...
Economics, Democracy and Education
Catherine Allen
University of Northern Colorado
The U.S. public education system exists within the cultural construct of a capitalist economy, which
has an inherent motive to monetize everything and ascribe value based on economic worth. When
things and people are perceived as commodities they are not valued for what they actually are, in
and of themselves. Natural resources, citizens, even children, are reduced to, and defined as, profit
generators. This objectification is the result of being manipulated by a system that is built and
thrives on inequality and exploitation. It limits our freedom, sows seeds of social discord, conquers
and controls through division, and conscripts us into supporting actors for the elitist power narrative.
John F. Kennedy said "Our progress as a nation can be no swifter than our progress in education."
How is it possible though to create a democratic pedagogy within this disempowering cultural
context?
This then is our catch–22: We cannot have a democratic, critical and multicultural education in such
an inequitable society and we need a democratic education, a free and truly educated citizenry, in
order to have a working democracy. The economy is a filter of perception that shapes our thoughts,
beliefs and goals and is responsible for having created a "factory education," converting children
into a compliant, malleable workforce. In the words of Harvard professor Larry Lessig

Essay Analysis Of 'Democracy As A Universal Value' By...
In his article, Democracy as a Universal Value, Amartya Sen asserts that democracy is a universal
value. In order to develop his argument Sen needs to state his definition of democracy and define
what he means by universal value. In the course of Sen's argument he gives his view of the
relationship between democracy and the economy. He then defends his view of democracy as a
universal value against a main argument that deals with cultural differences between regions.
Amartya Sen uses a maximum definition of democracy. Sen believes that a democracy has more
qualities than just rule by the majority. "Democracy is a demanding system, and not just a
mechanical condition (like majority rule) taken in isolation" (Sen 5). Sen believes ... Show more
Third, the practice of democracy requires public discussion and exchange of information, views, and
analyses; this exchange of information helps a society form its values and priorities (5). Sen
considers something a universal value if "people anywhere may have reason to see it as valuable"
(6). Some people have argued that democracy is not a universal value because not everyone agrees
that democracy is valuable and important. However, according to Sen, complete, unanimous
approval by all people is not needed for something to be considered a universal value. Using this
definition Sen successfully defends his claim that democracy is a universal value, despite the fact
that some people may not agree on the value of democracy. In his argument on the universal value
of democracy Amartya Sen discusses the relationship between democracy and economic
development. He notes that it is often claimed that nondemocratic systems are better at bringing
about economic development than democratic ones. Sen disagrees with this claim. He asserts that
this hypothesis is based on "very selective and limited information" (3). He admits that it is true that
some disciplinarian states, like South Korea, Singapore, and postreform China, have had faster rates
of economic growth than many less authoritarian ones, like India, Jamaica, and Costa Rica (3).
However, he points out that this very selective evidence cannot be used

Is Spreading Democracy in the U.S. National Interest?
The Truman Doctrine established a policy of containment against communist governments. People
believed the spread of communism would overthrow the democratic ideals our country believed in
and followed. After the policy of containment died down, a new policy of spreading democracy
emerged. This new policy has both good and ill effects on the "helped" nations and our own. In
2011, there were 115 electoral democracies, representing nearly sixty percent of the world's
government were democratic. In 1989, just 41 percent of all governments were democratic (Current
Issues, 2011–12, p. 168). So, is spreading Democracy in the U.S. national interest? Or should our
nation employ a more hands–off approach? The textbook defines democracy as a ... Show more
Lagon also states that "As for covert activity, the United States conducted secret operations to help
forces of democracy in Western Europe early in the Cold War and in Eastern Europe later. Some
covert action was justified as promoting democracy when it was merely promoting anti–Soviet
actors. Using transparent means to support democratization is best whenever possible." Concerning
international efforts, Lagon points out that in the past five years, the United Nations has gone farther
in actively promoting civil society. In 2006, Secretary–General Kofi A. Annan launched the UN
Democracy Fund (UNDEF) to support an array of civil society organizations. The UNDEF is
underfunded but in President Obama's 2010 address to the UN General Assembly he stated that "it's
time for every Member State . . . to increase the UN Democracy Fund."
Current Issues, 35th edition, examines both the pros and cons of spreading democracy. This text
explains that promoting democracy is in the U.S. national interest because democracy creates a
safer, more stable world. Democratic nations cooperate with other nations and the U.S. better
because they are more answerable to their citizens. The text also claims that such nations will deny
terrorists from a base from which to plan and carry out attacks.
Purely looking at the benefits, the U.S. should be spreading democracy to every corner of the world.
However, things with benefits always come with costs. As Lagon points out, U.S. enthusiasm for

Is Economic Development a Prerequisite of a Functioning...
Is Economic Development a Prerequisite of a Functioning Democratic System?
In the world of political science, it is an inherent feature of the discipline that academics will seek a
universally applicable theory to explain phenomena that occur within the political sphere. Seymour
Martin Lipset did just that in his article Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic
Development and Political Legitimacy, published in the American Political Science Review in 1959.
In this, he made the claim that forms of behaviour in social groups have certain specific outcomes,
which can be measured and tested by empirical means, and then generalised from to create a
hypothesis. From this he derives that in a democratic state "one must be able to point ... Show more
It may then be fair to infer from this that the theory of the linear progression is incorrect in one way
– that the economic successes of a nation do not necessarily result in that nation converting into a
democracy, but may be correct in another, that while economic success may not result in the birth of
a democratic system, no democratic system can be born without
2
'The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2008', The Economist Online [accessed 8th
March 2009] (p. 4) 3 'Freedom in the World 2008', Freedom House [accessed 8th March 2009] (pp.
3–4) 4 'Gross National Income per Capita 2007, Atlas Method and PPP', World Bank World
Development Indicators Database [accessed 8th March 2009] (p. 1) 5 Michael E. Alvarez, José
Antonio Cheibub, Fernando Limongi and Adam Przeworski, Democracy and Development: Political
Institutions and Material Well–being in the World, 1950–1990 (Cambridge, 2000), p. 88 6 'Gross
National Income per Capita 2007, Atlas Method and PPP', World Bank World Development
Indicators Database (p. 1) 7 The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2008', The
Economist Online (pp. 7–8)
–2–
pre–existing levels of economic development. There are a few reasons for making this deduction
from the available

Democracy And The Benefits Of Democracy
The world is changing, and right now there is a great amount of tension between many of the
countries. So how do we solve all of this tension? A democratic government protects the rights of its
citizens creating a society where everyone works together to improve the country economically,
politically and socially. Before one can begin to discuss the merits of democracy, one must first
answer the question what is democracy? In his essay on democracy, Robert Dahl explains how
democracy cannot exist without protecting the rights of its citizens. Democracy is more than a
system of government, it is also a "system of rights" because rights are "the essential building
blocks" of a democratic government (Dahl 100). Democracy builds off of the idea of human rights
to create a system of government shaped around a collection of powers which belong to every
citizen. Because rights provide the foundation for the democratic system, it cannot be practiced
without providing a guarantee of personal rights. Cornel West illustrates how democracy is more
than just a type of government, it is a way of life which benefits its citizens. Democracy is a
"cultural way of being" which causes people to become "empowered and enlightened" (West 115–
16). Democracy changes the way that its citizens think, in democratic societies the culture is based
largely around how democracy is beneficial. The cultural influence of democracy causes a change in
its citizens– they develop into more sophisticated

Jacksonian Democracy Essay
Jacksonian Democracy
The United States of America was founded by its people, for its people in the pursuit of life, liberty
and happiness, by attempting to provide freedom and equality. The way of life back when the
government set down its foundation was quite different than it is now.
Some things were just considered natural law and were left out of law making and the Constitution
because they were morally accepted as right and wrong. For instance, I highly doubt that the
government would have allowed Nazi party privileges to exist under freedom of speech. The idea of
"My rights end where yours begin" states that an individual has freedom until the freedom interferes
with the rights given to another. To create and maintain a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The five roles are: social justice, economic intervention in the economy, government as a moral
force and political socialization. The application of these roles is necessary to the quality of
democracy because they "attempt to increase social justice, improve economic efficiency, encourage
morality and socialize citizens to accept obligations appropriate to their roles in the existing
society."(Godwin&Wahlke 23) By attempting to accomplish these goals, things like discrimination,
public opinion and self–interest are discouraged by the promotion of a common morality.
Government as a moral force, in a way, works with social justice in that it sets the foundation of
which social justice attempts to achieve. Standards, set by the people and implied by the
government, should
promote and be built around "natural law." Locke's theory of "natural law" produces "natural rights,''
providing the right to life, liberty, property, and equality before the law. (Godwin&Wahlke 48)
These rights encourage an equal chance in life for freedom and property/wealth. To protect society
and individuals from discrimination by preserving equal rights, social justice attempts to provide an
enjoyable life and an opportunity for equality, whether it be social or economic. This role of the
government is needed to provide a gateway for the less fortunate and struggling people of America
to have

Economic Basis For Athenian Democracy Essay
In 508 B.C, a civil war in Athens ceased; giving rise to a new democratic constitution under the
leadership of Cleisthenes. The changes made under his leadership and other subsequent reforms
resulted in a relatively radical form of government for the time known as democracy (Hyland
Lecture, 26/09/2013). Democracy is a system of collective decision–making in which the
participants have equality at least at one essential point of the decision making process (Christiano,
"Democracy"). Furthermore, the term 'democracy', which comes from the Greeks, literally means
rule by the people. The system of government, created by the Greeks, known as Democracy
possessed many unique characteristics such as judicial review that have come to influence ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The goal of the body was unanimity but a majority was accepted to pass proposals. All of the
institutions of the government required short–term limits (often less than a year) so as to include all
citizens and represent all interests (Pickles 31). The Council of 500 created the agenda for the
Assembly and the magistrates ran the programs created by the Assembly, while the generals
followed out military decisions by the Assembly. The judicial system consisted of courts in which
jurors (chosen by lot) decided legal disputes and had the power of judicial review (Jones 14). A.H.
M Jones describes the importance of the judicial system in his work, "The Economic Basis for
Athenian Democracy": ""Political trials were frequent in Athens, and in the fourth–century in
particular the indictment for an illegal motion was constantly employed for political purposes, often
on very technical grounds. The result was that the popular juries–in such cases sometimes thousands
strong –tended to become a Supreme Court" (Jones 14). The court essentially acted as a check on
the powerful Assembly thus further displaying the strong desire to prevent any one group from
becoming too powerful. The governmental system was designed so as to allow all citizens to have a
voice in government and prevent any one individual or interest from becoming too powerful. The
use of short–term limits and

Analysis of "Democracy as a Universal Value" by Amartya...
In his article, Democracy as a Universal Value, Amartya Sen asserts that democracy is a universal
value. In order to develop his argument Sen needs to state his definition of democracy and define
what he means by universal value. In the course of Sen's argument he gives his view of the
relationship between democracy and the economy. He then defends his view of democracy as a
universal value against a main argument that deals with cultural differences between regions.
Amartya Sen uses a maximum definition of democracy. Sen believes that a democracy has more
qualities than just rule by the majority. "Democracy is a demanding system, and not just a
mechanical condition (like majority rule) taken in isolation" (Sen 5). Sen believes ... Show more
Sen considers something a universal value if "people anywhere may have reason to see it as
valuable" (6). Some people have argued that democracy is not a universal value because not
everyone agrees that democracy is valuable and important. However, according to Sen, complete,
unanimous approval by all people is not needed for something to be considered a universal value.
Using this definition Sen successfully defends his claim that democracy is a universal value, despite
the fact that some people may not agree on the value of democracy. In his argument on the universal
value of democracy Amartya Sen discusses the relationship between democracy and economic
development. He notes that it is often claimed that nondemocratic systems are better at bringing
about economic development than democratic ones. Sen disagrees with this claim. He asserts that
this hypothesis is based on "very selective and limited information" (3). He admits that it is true that
some disciplinarian states, like South Korea, Singapore, and postreform China, have had faster rates
of economic growth than many less authoritarian ones, like India, Jamaica, and Costa Rica (3).
However, he points out that this very selective evidence cannot be used to establish the general
hypothesis that nondemocratic systems are better at bringing about economic development (3).
"There is no convincing evidence that authoritarian governance and the suppression of political and
civil rights are

The Chief Executive Is A Democracy The Following...
According to Clark, Golder, and Golder in order for a country to be considered a democracy the
following conditions must apply. The first condition states that the chief executive is to be elected.
The second condition states that a legislature is to be elected. The third condition states that there
must be more than one party competing within the elections. The fourth and final condition states
that a variation in power under undifferentiated electoral rules has taken place. (Clark, Golder, &
Golder, 2012, p. 152). These conditions allow for theorists to define their perceptions of democracy
and dictatorships. These four conditions can be found within the lecture presented by Tarek Masoud.
During this lecture Masoud discusses why certain countries are unable to progress and remain
within a democratic political structure. Masoud begins his lecture by explaining what he believed
would and/or could have occurred after the string of revolutionary protests that took place within the
Middle East referred to as the Arab Spring. Initially, Masoud portrays himself as having a "naïve"
perception of the situation within the affected regions. When the revolutions began to take place,
Masoud mentioned how the revolutions began to excite the observers through the ingenuity and
technological advances that have allowed young activists to spread their messages more effectively.
However, those same observers had neglected to realize that the failure rates were much higher than
the success

Indonesi A Model For Democracy
From being ruled by an authoritative government, Indonesia now has become a model for
democracy in Asia. Over the years, Indonesia has slowly made the transition to democracy. Its new
presidential election is clear evidence of this transition because the Indonesians chose to elect a
common man to be the president: an official who they thought would understand their struggles.
Within 15 years, Indonesia has transitioned from a bureaucratic–authoritarian regime to a formal
presidentialism. The newly elected president has already taken steps toward implementing his
reforms which consists of pushing to cut down fuel subsidies, getting rid of corruption and
encouraging new businesses to invest in Indonesia by giving them tax incentives. These are clear
signs that consolidated liberal democracy in Indonesia has already taken place and that Indonesia
will continue to be a democratic country in the future.
Historians study history because they find it interesting and want to keep a thorough record of
events. However, political scientists study history in order to theorize and predict what caused
certain events and how history will have an impact on the future. One of the most important theories
in political science is Lipset's modernization theory. The first part of the theory states as societies
become more modern, they inevitably become more democratic. The second part of this theory is
that democracies lacking economic and cultural status tend not to last. Modernization only aids

Democracy Vs. Economic Inequality
Democracy vs Inequality Over the past couple of generations, democracy has found a way to coexist
with great increases in economic inequality in the United States. Also, this inequality have
predominately been more beneficial to the top one percent. The income increase for the top one
percent is at the highest level it has ever been at since the eve of the great depression. This top one
percent groups are small enough for the economic inequality to be held in check. Here are four
possible reasons to review over why there has been no counterbalance for the rising inequality in the
US:
1. An Ideological shift.
2. Campaign Contributions.
3. Political institutions and the reactions to inequality
4. Politics and Reacting to Inequality
There could be a number more of reasons to why the mass inequality is still rising but these are
some of the core reasons and impacts it has had on the democracy of the United States.
An Ideological Shift Since about 1980, the political system has polarized a gap in ideology between
the Democrat and Republican Parties has been broadening while moderates vanish from Congress.
Republicans enjoy their increase in electoral success, and the Democratic control of the federal
government was breaking. Republicans had been able to hold presidency for twenty years and at
least one house of Congress for twenty–two years. There is one data source that is greatly used for
the liberal conservative positions of Congress, called DW–NOMINATE scores. These scores

Jacksonian's Viewed Themselves as Guardians of the...
Jacksonian's viewed themselves as guardians of the constitution, political democracy, individual
liberties, and equality of economic opportunity. Many of his followers from that time tended to
agree but a lot of people today look back and disagree with each of these assumptions. I believe that
he was a keeper of the constitution and political democracy. Depending upon your outlook, Jackson
was a guardian of individual liberties, even with his oppression of African American slaves, Indians,
and women. His equality of economic opportunity was more towards the common man that the elite
but gave that common man a larger chance for equality with the elites without allowing the elites a
greater chance to increase their wealth. Jackson had many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Citizens were becoming more involved with their politics. This was mostly due to Jackson being
more like the working class voters and sharing many of their same views and getting them involved
through various rallies and other get together's. They greatly accepted his theory of democracy and
that it should offer "equal protection and equal benefits" to all white males and favor no region or
class. There are many different views of Jacksonian's being guardians of individual liberties.
Andrew Jackson gave white males a much greater opportunity for expansion. Jackson was a true
believer of Western expansion, and Indian removal, something that would get him much criticism
from historians today. He believed that both were a necessity for white expansion and American
prosperity. Jackson still did not try to help women, Indians, or African Americans, both slave and
free to have any actual rights. Even so you can still make the argument that he was still a guardian of
individual liberties, since they rarely had any rights previously as it was. He was a keeper of
liberties to those white males who were the only ones allowed specialized liberties. Jackson firmly
believed in quality of economic opportunity, which he showed several times throughout his
presidency. He believed the national bank helped the wealthy elite and that state banks would help
the common man more. Also by

Why Is The Fall Of Democracy In Aziile And Brazil

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