this ppt is useful for both b.e/b.tech students as well as for mca students. in this ppt u will find different types of security issues in manet and their countermeasures.

1. Seminar 2015
SSM college of Engineering and Technology
Basharat Sultan
Enroll : 3167
Computer Science & Engineering

2.  “The quieter you become, the more you are
able to hear.”

3. WHAT IS A MANET ?

4.  Mobile Adhoc Network is a group of wireless mobile computers in which
nodes cooperate by forwarding packets for each other to allow them to
communicate beyond direct wireless transmission range
 MANETS are more vulnerable to attacks than wired networks
 Security is a process that is as secure as its weakest link. So, in order to
make MANETs secure, all its weak points are to be identified and solutions
to make all those weak points safe, are to be considered.
 So Security issues in MANETs will remain a potential research area in near
future.

6. The characteristics of these networks are summarized
as follows:
 Communication via wireless means.
 Nodes can perform the roles of both hosts and
routers.
 No centralized controller and infrastructure.
 Intrinsic mutual trust.
 Dynamic network topology.
 Frequent routing updates.

7. The following are the advantages of MANETs:
 They provide access to information and services regardless of geographic
position.
 These networks can be set up at any place and time.
Some of the applications of MANETs are :
 Military or police exercises.
 Disaster relief operations.
 Mine cite operations.
 Urgent Business meetings.

8. Some of the disadvantages of MANETs are:
 Limited resources.
 Limited physical security.
 Intrinsic mutual trust vulnerable to attacks.
 Lack of authorization facilities.
 Volatile network topology makes it hard to detect malicious nodes.
 Security protocols for wired networks cannot work for ad hoc networks.

9. MANETs are much more vulnerable to attack than wired network. This is
because of the following reasons :
 Open Medium - Eavesdropping is more easier than in wired network.
 Dynamically Changing Network Topology – Mobile Nodes comes and
goes from the network , thereby allowing any malicious node to join the
network without being detected.
 Cooperative Algorithms - The routing algorithm of MANETs requires
mutual trust between nodes which violates the principles of Network
Security.
 Lack of Centralized Monitoring - Absence of any centralized infrastructure
prohibits any monitoring agent in the system.
 Lack of Clear Line of Defense –

10. The possible security attacks in MANETs can be divided into two
categories:
 Passive attack
In this type of attack, the intruder only performs some kind of monitoring
on certain connections to get information about the traffic without injecting
any fake information
 Active attack
In this type of attack, the intruder performs an effective violation on either
the Network resources or the data transmitted

11.  Eavesdroping
 Traffic Analysis
 Snooping

12.  Eavesdropping:
This is a passive attack. The node simply observes the confidential
information.
 Traffic Analysis
In MANETs the data packets as well as traffic pattern both are important for
adversaries.
Traffic analysis can also be conducted as active attack by destroying nodes
 Snooping:
Snooping is unauthorized access to another person's data.

13.  Denial Of Service
 Impersonation
 Packet Modification
 Flooding
 Worm Hole
 Selfish node
 Gray Hole
 Routing Table Run-off
 Information Revelation
 Black Hole

14.  This type of attack when launched against MANET
inserts malicious packets into the network which
disrupts the service which was targeted, causing non-
availability of resources to legitimate users.

15.  In this type of attack a node impersonates as another
node in order to send fake routing information, so that
the other node knows that the information came from a
normal node

16.  This type of an attack involves packet content
modification performed by an intermediate node

20.  In this type of attack nodes in MANET does not
participate in communication, so that they can save
their resources

21.  This type of an attack can lead to packet loss

22.  A malicious node can send route request for an
unknown node, which does not exist in the network.
The node receiving these packets will store this
information in their routing table. But due to their
memory limitation, the routing table will run out of
space

23.  In this type of attack the attacker is present within the
network and due to broadcasting problem he also gets
this information which he can easily encapsulate and
can seek vital information

24.  Reliable Infrastructure Layer
 Securing Communication layer
 Routing Layer Security
 Network Layer Security
 Application Layer Security
 SVM Based Method

25.  The functions that this layer provides can be used by the
other layers.
 So the requirement of distributed security mechanism is the
need of the hour which can play a vital role in authentication
before any communication takes place, which can establish
secure communication between the nodes.
 securing this layer will provide the key for securing the whole
system

26.  Wireless channel can be protected by the use of security
protocol like WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access version 2)
that works on the data link Layer

27.  In MANET each node acts as router to route the data
which it receives to its destination.
 The whole communication depends on the every node
in the network and if the routing tables are being
tampered it can collapse the whole network
communication.
 In order to secure routing in MANET a two phase
security must be applied; ‘routing information security’
and ‘secure data forwarding’

28.  IPSec is one the security protocol of the network layer
that can help obtain authentication of a node in order to
maintain confidentiality and reliability for secure data
transmission.
 Another protocol, Secure Message Transfer (SMT) helps
to build security relationship with the communicating
node
 This layer solves the problem which routing protocols
cannot

29.  This layer should provide end-to-end security
 Protocols like Secure Electronic Transaction (SET),
Secure Shell (SSH), Secure Socket Layer (SSL) etc. are
some that work on application layer
 SSL is mostly used in web transmissions, SSH is a
replacement of Telnet and FTP, SET is used by end
systems to perform secure transaction.

30.  The method Support Vector Machine (SVM) is based on
trust scheme
 This method monitors various metrics like PMISR, PMOR
and PDR in order to establish trust between the
communicating nodes.
 This method is a solution to detect various malicious
attacks in MANET. In order to evaluate the performance
the following metrics are used by SVM:

34. THANK YOU