2. How to use this presentation
⢠I am a nocturnal being. There is not much time till
sunrise, when I slumber again. However, I will
explain as much as I can in the time remaining.
⢠My PowerPoint is on the first course of the river,
the mountainous course.
⢠To beautify, I have kept scenic pictures of rivers at
night for you.
⢠There are also interesting facts alongside pictures
of landforms.
⢠Enjoy!
3. Rivers
⢠I will begin my presentation with a brief
explanation of rivers.
⢠Rivers are fast flowing water bodies, somewhat
like streams except larger and wider.
⢠As they flow, they continue the process of
degradation.
⢠Rivers can be classified into four types:
â Youthful
â Mature
â Old
â Rejuvenated
4. Courses of a River
⢠There are three courses in a river:
â Mountainous or crenon â It is classified by cold, fast
moving water near the source of a river, usually on
mountains. This is the course I will focus on in this
PowerPoint.
â Plain or rithron â It has slightly warmer temperatures
and it succeeds the crenon.
â Deltaic or potamon â It is warm, is extremely slow,
and deposits all of the grains it has carried, creating a
sandy bed.
My presentation REALLY begins from the next slide.
6. The Basics
⢠As you can tell from the name, during the
mountain course, the river flows through
mountains.
⢠A lot of erosion takes place as its velocity is high.
⢠Many tributaries, or small streams, join the river
at this place.
⢠The river causes vertical erosion, usually V
shaped valleys, wherever it goes.
⢠The excessive energy of the river is used in
eroding the valley.
7. Landforms
⢠Youâve probably heard of
An example of a canyon
canyons, maybe even
gorges in literature. As
youâve probably
guessed, these both are
caused by the mountainous
course river. Here are all of
the landforms:
â Gorge or I shaped valley
â Canyon
â V shaped valley
â Pothole
â Rapids, cataracts, and
waterfalls
8. Gorge
⢠Gorges are created when
rivers run swiftly down
slopes, causing vertical
corrasion.
⢠In arid and semi arid areas,
this river usually forms a
gorge or an I shaped valley.
⢠A gorge is a narrow valley
with flat valley floors.
⢠The Sutlej, Indus, and
Brahmaputra, the Gandak
and the Kosi rivers have cut
deep gorges in the
Himayalas.
9. Pot Holes
⢠No, not the ones on the
roads. Believe it or not,
potholes also occur
naturally.
⢠If the water of a swift
flowing river flows over
an uneven surface, it
begins to swirl.
⢠The pebbles carried by
the river erode forming
circular depressions, or
potholes, in the river
bed.
10. Canyons
The Grand Canyon
⢠Canyons can be simply
defined as magnified
gorges.
⢠Over more than a
million years, the
Colorado River has cut
through the immense
Grand Canyon, making
it over a mile deep.
11. V Shaped Valley
⢠Many rivers in the
world have formed V
shaped valleys.
⢠These valleys are
formed in areas of
sufficient rainfall.
⢠By cutting down, the
river forms a V shaped
valley.
12. Rapids
⢠Rapids can occur at any
part of a riverâs course, but
most often at the
mountainous region.
⢠Unequal resistance of hard
and soft rock causes the
hard rock to jut
out, making the river
âjumpâ or âfall.â
13. Cataracts
⢠Cataracts are
simply rapids with
falls of greater
dimensions.
⢠Oh no, the sun is
about to rise! It is
almost time for me
to leave!
14. Waterfalls
⢠Waterfalls are when the
rivers fall from a huge
distance.
⢠The highest fall in the
world is Angel Falls in
Venezuela.
⢠Opposite is a picture
containing waterfalls(far
left and
right), cataracts(right), an
d rapids(in front).
15. The sun is beginning to rise. I must
leave. But I hope you learned
something very valuable and enjoyed
the pictures of night rivers.
I must bid you fare well. (please click
after reading)
Remember, this project was made by
Srikar and Srikar only.