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Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K / 8K
ARAI Hirokazu (NHK)
arai.h-ca@nhk.or.jp
Agenda
8K and its feature
8K/4K roadmap
Ongoing 8K program production
- File format comparison
- How we handle the file
- Storage media trend
Decision making background
Our decision for 8K/4K preservation
Conclusion
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
8K production is increasing
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
format bps MB/s TB/h Used for
SD AVC Intra 50M 50M 6.25 0.022
2K
MPEG2 long GOP 50M 6.25 0.022 News materials
AVC Intra 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 General programs
XAVC 50M 50M 6.25 0.022 XDCAM
XAVC 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 XDCAM
4K
RAW 4:2:2 60p 10bit 10G 1250 4.5 material
XAVC 600M 600M 75 0.27 Playout format
8K
RAW Full spec 12bit 143G 17900 64 material
1/4 compressed 32G 4000 14.4 material
AVC Intra 1800M 1800M 225 0.81 Playout format
AVC Intra 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 8K proxy
File format and data rate comparison
Note: Playout formats are not good enough quality for re-production
320x 6x
18x
・These format handles the video as a group of bitmap picture.
・These format preserves the full quality of the original captured
image, including the full resolution of the image sensor.
・With these format, we can color grade and bring out the
potential of picture.
・Details of RAW format vary depending on developers.
・DPX format is used for exchange between systems.
・Both formats are much larger than playout format.
・Persistence unknown.
RAW and DPX format
Panasonic P2 recorder AJ-ZS0300
Recording format H.264/AVC-Intra 100 x16
Quantization 10bits
Audio performance 48kHz 24bits 24ch
Digital video inputs HD-SDI(BNC) x16
Digital video outputs HD-SDI(BNC) x16
Monitor output HD-SDI x1
Digital audio input BNC x3(G1-a,b,c)
BNC x3(AES/EBU)
Digital audio output BNC x3(G1-a,b,c)
BNC x3(AES/EBU)
Reference BB or 3sync
Timecode Input(BNC) & output(BNC)
Recording media slot P2card (64GBx17)
Mass 55kg
External dimensions W444mm H487mm D500mm
Power consumption 330W
・Compress 8K video signals into AVC-Intra 1.6Gbps.
・ Record 8K video streams to 16 P2 cards in parallel.
・ Also records 100Mbps proxy video to another 1 P2 card
concurrently with 8K recording to 16 P2 cards.
・Recordable up to 69 minutes of 8K video with 17 P2 cards.
・34 P2 cards are loadable and can record up to 138 minutes.
Shooting - How to record in real time?
Shooting - How to record in real time?
Recording format H.264/AVC-Intra 100 x16
Quantization 10bits
Audio performance 48kHz 24bits 24ch
Digital video inputs 8K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x8
Digital video outputs 8K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x8
4K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x4
2K: HD-SDI(BNC)
Media slot P2card (256GB x4)
Mass 18kg
External dimensions W424mm H176mm D500mm
Power consumption 152W
8K,4K,2K video output available.
65 minutes recordable with 256GBx4P2 expressP2
Capacity 64GB 256GB
data rate 1.2Gbps 2.4Gbps
Size 54x5x85.6 54x7.5x85.6
cost $500 $2000
Panasonic P2 recorder AJ-ZS0500
P2/expressP2 LTO5
Cost/1hr $8000 $30
Copy/1hr less than 1hr 8hr
Random
access
✔ ×
Shooting Post production
8K Camera
Compression
recorder
2K proxy editing system
8K non-linear editing system
EDL data
DPX format
1.5G-SDI x16
P2 card x17
LTO backup LTO backup
1.5G-SDI x16
P2 card x17
Compression
recorder
Color Grading &
Audio Suitening
AVC-I100
(Proxy)
8K: AVC-Intra
1800Mbps
8K: AVC-Intra
1800Mbps
4K: XAVC
600Mbps
2K: AVC-Intra
100Mbps
For playout
For re-edit
RAW format
HDD
HDD
Current 8K production process
It takes 8 hours to duplicate the 1hour.
10
100
1000
Nativedatarate(MB/s)
2010 20202000 2005 2015
LTO5 (140MB/s)
LTO8 (472MB/s)
TS1150 (360MB/s)
T10000D
(252MB/s)
T10000C (240MB/s)
----- 8K playout format
(225MB/s)
Magnetic tape media data rate trend
data rate
Still difficult to read/write in real time.
Develops 3x in a decade
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Nativecapacity(TB)
LTO5 (1.5TB)
2010 20202000 2005 2015
LTO6 (2.5TB)
T10000C (5TB)
LTO8 (12.8TB)TS1150 (10TB)
Magnetic tape media capacity trend
capacity
----- 8K playout format
(0.8TB/h) Records 2 hours in playout format
much less in RAW or DPX format
Develops 10x every 5y
Decision making background
■File formats
・Extremely large data. (Nearly a hundredfold to 2K?)
・Yet mainly used format are not good enough quality for re-edit.
・Playout formats for 4K/8K broadcasting are currently defined,
but there’s various formats while editing such as RAW,DPX…
Do we really handle these in archives?
■Storage media
・LTOs are superior for preservation but still left to be desired.
(Capacity and data rates are growing almost 10x every 5y)
・P2 cards are used in production process but expensive.
・Optical media can be future candidate but still premature.
Decision making background
■Current archives usage
・File formats are not yet restricted to particular formats.
・4K/8K Preservation/Provision won’t be so many in next few years.
(but 2K down-converted provision and preview would be many.)
・We want to manage 4K/8K contents as similar to 2K as possible.
(Can we preview and order online? Can we input or check rights
info?...)
・Installation of automated 4K/8K ingest & provision system
would cost so much.
So we have decided to …
Put them on the shelf !
Post production
8K non-linear editing system
8K: AVC-Intra
1800Mbps
4K: XAVC
600Mbps
2K: AVC-Intra
100Mbps
Playout format
HDD
Archives
Manually copy and
lend by order
Search ,preview
And order online
Post production
8K non-linear editing system
DPX format
RAW format
2K: AVC-Intra
100Mbps
RAW,DPX format
HDD
Archives
Search and
preview online
※You cannot order because
it’s pre-postproduction material
Manually copy and
lend by order
Register as
2K video file
Register as
2K video file
Index and
store as LTO
Index and
store as LTO
D/C
D/C
Our decision
Color Grading &
Audio Suitening
Color Grading &
Audio Suitening
Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK
Conclusion
・4K/8K future is definitely approaching!
・ But, there’s still so much to develop.
e.g. File formats, Compression, storage media and so on.
・We have decided to preserve 4K/8K with LTO on the shelf.
But intended to blend them with 2K workflow and
minimize the additional cost.
・We estimate to put 4K/8K files online at the renewal to
next generation MAM, when related technologies are
expected to be ready.
ARAI Hirokazu (NHK)
arai.h-ca@nhk.or.jp
Danke!

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Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K/8K. Arai Hirokazu, NHK

  • 1. Consideration of issues for archiving of 4K / 8K ARAI Hirokazu (NHK) arai.h-ca@nhk.or.jp
  • 2. Agenda 8K and its feature 8K/4K roadmap Ongoing 8K program production - File format comparison - How we handle the file - Storage media trend Decision making background Our decision for 8K/4K preservation Conclusion
  • 9. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 8K production is increasing
  • 12. format bps MB/s TB/h Used for SD AVC Intra 50M 50M 6.25 0.022 2K MPEG2 long GOP 50M 6.25 0.022 News materials AVC Intra 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 General programs XAVC 50M 50M 6.25 0.022 XDCAM XAVC 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 XDCAM 4K RAW 4:2:2 60p 10bit 10G 1250 4.5 material XAVC 600M 600M 75 0.27 Playout format 8K RAW Full spec 12bit 143G 17900 64 material 1/4 compressed 32G 4000 14.4 material AVC Intra 1800M 1800M 225 0.81 Playout format AVC Intra 100M 100M 12.5 0.045 8K proxy File format and data rate comparison Note: Playout formats are not good enough quality for re-production 320x 6x 18x
  • 13. ・These format handles the video as a group of bitmap picture. ・These format preserves the full quality of the original captured image, including the full resolution of the image sensor. ・With these format, we can color grade and bring out the potential of picture. ・Details of RAW format vary depending on developers. ・DPX format is used for exchange between systems. ・Both formats are much larger than playout format. ・Persistence unknown. RAW and DPX format
  • 14. Panasonic P2 recorder AJ-ZS0300 Recording format H.264/AVC-Intra 100 x16 Quantization 10bits Audio performance 48kHz 24bits 24ch Digital video inputs HD-SDI(BNC) x16 Digital video outputs HD-SDI(BNC) x16 Monitor output HD-SDI x1 Digital audio input BNC x3(G1-a,b,c) BNC x3(AES/EBU) Digital audio output BNC x3(G1-a,b,c) BNC x3(AES/EBU) Reference BB or 3sync Timecode Input(BNC) & output(BNC) Recording media slot P2card (64GBx17) Mass 55kg External dimensions W444mm H487mm D500mm Power consumption 330W ・Compress 8K video signals into AVC-Intra 1.6Gbps. ・ Record 8K video streams to 16 P2 cards in parallel. ・ Also records 100Mbps proxy video to another 1 P2 card concurrently with 8K recording to 16 P2 cards. ・Recordable up to 69 minutes of 8K video with 17 P2 cards. ・34 P2 cards are loadable and can record up to 138 minutes. Shooting - How to record in real time?
  • 15. Shooting - How to record in real time? Recording format H.264/AVC-Intra 100 x16 Quantization 10bits Audio performance 48kHz 24bits 24ch Digital video inputs 8K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x8 Digital video outputs 8K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x8 4K: 3G-SDI(BNC) x4 2K: HD-SDI(BNC) Media slot P2card (256GB x4) Mass 18kg External dimensions W424mm H176mm D500mm Power consumption 152W 8K,4K,2K video output available. 65 minutes recordable with 256GBx4P2 expressP2 Capacity 64GB 256GB data rate 1.2Gbps 2.4Gbps Size 54x5x85.6 54x7.5x85.6 cost $500 $2000 Panasonic P2 recorder AJ-ZS0500 P2/expressP2 LTO5 Cost/1hr $8000 $30 Copy/1hr less than 1hr 8hr Random access ✔ ×
  • 16. Shooting Post production 8K Camera Compression recorder 2K proxy editing system 8K non-linear editing system EDL data DPX format 1.5G-SDI x16 P2 card x17 LTO backup LTO backup 1.5G-SDI x16 P2 card x17 Compression recorder Color Grading & Audio Suitening AVC-I100 (Proxy) 8K: AVC-Intra 1800Mbps 8K: AVC-Intra 1800Mbps 4K: XAVC 600Mbps 2K: AVC-Intra 100Mbps For playout For re-edit RAW format HDD HDD Current 8K production process It takes 8 hours to duplicate the 1hour.
  • 17. 10 100 1000 Nativedatarate(MB/s) 2010 20202000 2005 2015 LTO5 (140MB/s) LTO8 (472MB/s) TS1150 (360MB/s) T10000D (252MB/s) T10000C (240MB/s) ----- 8K playout format (225MB/s) Magnetic tape media data rate trend data rate Still difficult to read/write in real time. Develops 3x in a decade
  • 18. 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Nativecapacity(TB) LTO5 (1.5TB) 2010 20202000 2005 2015 LTO6 (2.5TB) T10000C (5TB) LTO8 (12.8TB)TS1150 (10TB) Magnetic tape media capacity trend capacity ----- 8K playout format (0.8TB/h) Records 2 hours in playout format much less in RAW or DPX format Develops 10x every 5y
  • 19. Decision making background ■File formats ・Extremely large data. (Nearly a hundredfold to 2K?) ・Yet mainly used format are not good enough quality for re-edit. ・Playout formats for 4K/8K broadcasting are currently defined, but there’s various formats while editing such as RAW,DPX… Do we really handle these in archives? ■Storage media ・LTOs are superior for preservation but still left to be desired. (Capacity and data rates are growing almost 10x every 5y) ・P2 cards are used in production process but expensive. ・Optical media can be future candidate but still premature.
  • 20. Decision making background ■Current archives usage ・File formats are not yet restricted to particular formats. ・4K/8K Preservation/Provision won’t be so many in next few years. (but 2K down-converted provision and preview would be many.) ・We want to manage 4K/8K contents as similar to 2K as possible. (Can we preview and order online? Can we input or check rights info?...) ・Installation of automated 4K/8K ingest & provision system would cost so much.
  • 21. So we have decided to …
  • 22. Put them on the shelf !
  • 23. Post production 8K non-linear editing system 8K: AVC-Intra 1800Mbps 4K: XAVC 600Mbps 2K: AVC-Intra 100Mbps Playout format HDD Archives Manually copy and lend by order Search ,preview And order online Post production 8K non-linear editing system DPX format RAW format 2K: AVC-Intra 100Mbps RAW,DPX format HDD Archives Search and preview online ※You cannot order because it’s pre-postproduction material Manually copy and lend by order Register as 2K video file Register as 2K video file Index and store as LTO Index and store as LTO D/C D/C Our decision Color Grading & Audio Suitening Color Grading & Audio Suitening
  • 25. Conclusion ・4K/8K future is definitely approaching! ・ But, there’s still so much to develop. e.g. File formats, Compression, storage media and so on. ・We have decided to preserve 4K/8K with LTO on the shelf. But intended to blend them with 2K workflow and minimize the additional cost. ・We estimate to put 4K/8K files online at the renewal to next generation MAM, when related technologies are expected to be ready.