2012 04-19 (educon2012) emadrid uc3m cdkloos quo vadis e-learning

1. Quo Vadis, e-Learning?
Carlos Delgado Kloos
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
www.it.uc3m.es/cdk

2. 2
Industrial Age
Expansion of secondary sector
Increase in Gross Domestic Product
Rising income levels
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

3. 3
Mass Production
Efficient division of labour
Specialization and synchronization
Importance of following the rules
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

4. 4
(Mass) Instruction
Prussian education system
Controlled by the state
Compulsory education
Teacher certification
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

5. 5
Skills
Reading, writing and arithmetic
Strict education in ethics, duty,
discipline and obedience
Efficiency through division of
students by age
ideas into subjects
school days into periods
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

6. 6
The Chalkboard was
invented 1814 by
James Pillans,
a Scottish teacher.
He wanted all the
students to see
what he was writing.
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

7. 7
Education = Information Transfer
Information was scarce
A few gifted ones (the professors)
were the source of information
The goal of the students was
to swallow the information
Assessment was expensive and
therefore done for final mark
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

8. 8
Radical change!
Context has changed Education
 Society has changed:  should respond to
New skills are needed needed skills
 Technologies have  can harness new
new affordances affordances of
technologies
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

9. 9
Information Age
Knowledge Society
Data, Information
and Knowledge
Information is easy to access
The advances in IT
have been tremendous
in the last 40 years
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

10. 10
 Memory
 1970: 128 KB
 1980: 512 KB
 1990: 4 MB
 2000: 512 MB
 2010: 4 GB
 19702010: 104
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by derekGavey

11. 11
Connection speed (Modem)
 1970: 0,3 Kbit/s
 1980: 1,2 Kbit/s
 1990: 19,2 Kbit/s
 2000: 56 Kbit/s
 2010 (VSDL2): 50.000 Kbit/s
19702010: 105
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

12. 12
Computation
 1970: 0,1 MIPS
 1980: 1 MIPS
 1990: 100 MIPS
 2000: 1.000 MIPS
 2010: 100.000 MIPS
19702010: 106
Source: Wikipedia
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

13. Disk 13
 1970: 0,01 GB
 1980: 0,03 GB
 1990: 0,1 GB
 2000: 10 GB
 2010: 10.000 GB
19702010: 106
Source: Wikipedia
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by dtrimarchi

14. 14
Cost reduction
 1970: 5.000.000 $
 1980: 200.000 $
 1990: 20.000 $
 2000: 2.000 $
 2010: 500 $
19702010: 104
Source: Wikipedia
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

15. 15
Wait a Minute: Am I Lecturing?
provement
How big was the im
ompSpeed
from 1970 to 2010 in C
Memory
*C ommSpeed*Disk*
*CostRed? 1025
18
10
Left hand: Right hand:
1018 1025
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

16. 16
Are we ready for
(teaching and learning in)
the information age?
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

17. 17
Implications of New Era
Less friction
Smaller granularity
Faster adaptability
Personalization
Globalization
New challenges
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

18. 18
Less Friction
Bill Gates (The Road Ahead): Friction-free capitalism
Friction is everything that keeps markets from
functioning as the perfect competition
Friction can be distance, costs, wrong info, …
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

19. 19
Granularity of Communication
Postal letter
 100 Kbyte, 30 min to write (3 days to receive)
E-mail message (1971)
 10 Kbyte, 3 min to write (instantaneous)
SMS text (1992), Twitter tweet (2006)
 100 Bytes, 30 sec to write (instantaneous)
Like recommendation (2010)
 1 Byte, 3 sec to write (instantaneous)
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

20. 20
Increased Pace
Speed in Stock Exchanges
Different way of working
Research literature
Different learning needs and habits?
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

21. 21
Mass Customization
You are unique
You are not normal
Snowflake effect
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

22. 22
Globalization
No distances
No borders
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

23. 23
New Skills needed
New challenges: new expertise needed
Solve wicked problems
Globalised world
Multidisciplinary approach
Work in teams
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

24. 24
Digitize everything
1. Digitize educational material
2. Digitize actors & context
3. Digitize the educational process
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

25. 25
1. Digitize educational material
Educational multimedia (content and assessment)
Electronic textbooks
 Flexbooks
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

26. 26
Digital Images of Documents
Works without electricity Perfectly copiable
Burnable to make fire Searchable
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

27. 27
Educational Material
OpenCourseWare
Connexions, cnx.org
SMETE, www.smete.org
MERLOT, www.merlot.org
Gooru, www.goorulearning.org
www.watchknowlearn.org
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by OliverN5

28. 28
www.khanacademy.org
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

29. 29
eBooks
a
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

30. 30
iBooks
Creation
Distribution
.itmsp .ibooks
Consumption
.iba
Only on Mac
Only on iPad
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

31. 31
iBooks
 Multimedia content
 Videos
 3D models
 Image galleries
 Interactive animation
 Review (assessment)
 Highlights and notes
 User-made flashcards
 Distribution
…
Still too rigid?
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

32. 32
Flexbooks
Customizable books, www.ck12.org
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

33. 33
2. Digitize Actors & Context
Social networks &
Who was
MOOCs fascinated
by the
animation?
3D virtual worlds,
Augmented Reality &
Games
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

34. Digital Image of 34
Persons & Context
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

35. Ed. Social Networks: 35
Mixable
From Purdue U for their students
 www.purdue.edu/mixable
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

36. Ed. Social Networks: 36
HotSeat
Micro-discussions in and out of class
Integrates with Facebook and Twitter
Also from Purdue U
 www.itap.purdue.edu/studio/hotseat/
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

37. Educational Social Networks: 37
OpenStudy
openstudy.com
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

38. 38
MOOCs
Massive Open Online Courses
 Sebastian Thrun
 Stanford U
 Udacity
 MITx: www.mitx.mit.edu
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

39. 39
3D Worlds
Complete digitization of
 Persons (through avatars) and
 environment
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

40. 40
Examples
Open Wonderland
Croquet, Qwaq
Open Sim
Second Life
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

41. 41
Hype Cycle: Virtual Worlds
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

42. 42
AR: Definition
Augmented reality (AR) is a term for a live direct or
indirect view of a physical, real-world environment
whose elements are augmented by computer-generated
sensory input,
such as sound
or graphics.
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

43. 43
Hype Cycle: Augmented Reality
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

44. 44
3. Digitize educational process
Learning analytics
 Really learning?
Gamification
 Emotion
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by DarkB4Dawn

45. 45
Digital Image of Learning Process
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

46. 46
www.khanacademy.org
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

47. 47
Open Learning Initiative (CMU)
oli.web.cmu.edu/openlearning/
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

48. 48
Analytics
Process of developing optimal
or realistic decision
recommendations based on
insights derived through the
application of statistical models
and analysis against existing
and/or simulated future data
Useful in many fields
 Business
 Health
 Education
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

49. 49
Learning Analytics
Get information of the educational process
and use it to improve it
Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

50. 50
Hype Cycle: Social Analytics
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

51. 51
Initiatives
solaresearch.org, lak12.sites.olt.ubc.ca
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

52. 52
Big data initiatives
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

53. 53
Gamification
Use of game design techniques to
solve problems and engage audiences
"By 2015, more than 50% of all organizations that manage
innovation processes will gamify those processes"
-- Gartner, April 2011
Elements:
 Game mechanics
 Game dynamics
 Game aesthetics
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

54. 54
Hype Cycle: Gamification
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

55. 55
Game Mechanics
Constructs used in games to
encourage gameplay
 Challenges, Missions
 Points
 Virtual currency
 Leaderboards
 Achievements
 Badges, Levels
 Progress bar
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

56. 56
Game Dynamics
Game dynamics are
feedback mechanisms
that motivate players
to progress through
a game/scenario
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

57. 57
Game Aesthetics
Aesthetics describes
the desirable
emotional responses
evoked in the players,
when they interact
with the game system
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

58. 58
Examples
www.codecademy.com
www.happyprog.com/pairhero
www.busuu.com
www.commendablekids.com
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

59. 59
a
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)

60. 60
Further changes ahead
Badges  Accreditation
New players will appear in the educational sector or
existing ones will change/extend their roles
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by Cocoabiscuit

61. 61
Summary
From Industrial to Information Age
Tremendous advances in terms of
Computing and Communication capabilities
Implications in pace, challenges, and needs
Digitalization of
 Educational material
 Actors and context
 Learning process
New order in education
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by dwrawlinson

62. 62
Skills and Technologies
Industrial Age Information Age
 Skills needed  Skills needed
 Obedience  Creativity
 Rigid curriculum  Flexibility
 Global context
 Local context
 Technologies
 Technologies  Instant communication
 Slow communication  Pervasiveness
 Difficult access
 Education
 Education  Construction
 Instruction
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by marcp_dmoz

63. 63
Conclusion
Let's get liberated from
Industrial Age style education
Let's use Information Age tools
to teach Information Age skills
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)
Flickr by Catherine Murray

64. 64
Thank you very much!
Carlos Delgado Kloos EDUCON 2012 Keynote (Marrakesh, Morocco, 2012-04-20)