13. • To keep the body and
mind energized eat
nutritious food
• To prevent eating
disorder never skip meals
or overeat.
14. •To cleanse the body, drink 8-
10 glasses a day.
•To increase immunity and
endurance levels of the
body, maintain fitness by
exercising the body
15. •To detect illness at early stage
have a regular check-ups.
•To enhance growth and
development, sleep at least 7
uninterrupted hours daily.
•To prevent addiction, avoid
taking addictive substances.
16. Mental or Intellectual
Health
Refers to the cognitive ability and
skills to improve one‟s quality of
life. It is the ability to reason
out, analyze, evaluate, create
and make rational decisions.
22. • Be aware of and accept one‟s
strength and weaknesses
• Handle stress and seek
help, if needed
• Develop strong
communication networks
among family, friends and
peers
23. Social Health
Refers to the ability to build
and maintain harmoniously
and satisfying relationships.
Being socially accepted is
also connected to our
emotional well-being.
29. There are no recommended
ways to help attain moral –
spiritual health. It is more
about looking within oneself
deeply and understanding
one‟s existence and faith.
36. 1. Heredity- the passing of traits
of parents to their offsprings.
• Chromosomes- thread-like
structures found within the
nucleus of a cell.
• Genes- basic unit of heredity
that carry the codes for
inherited traits.
37. 2. Environment- the sum
total of person‟s surrounding.
• Physical environment
• Biological environment
• Socioeconomic
environment
38. Endocrine System –
collection of glands that
control the
growth, metabolism, social
development and function of
the body.
39.
40. 1.Pituitary Gland- often
called as “ master gland” -
produces growth hormones
which are responsible for
growth and development of
an individual.
55. The ovaries are the main reproductive
organs of a woman. The two ovaries
produce female hormones
(oestrogens and progesterone) and
eggs (ova). All the other female
reproductive organs are there to
transport, nurture and otherwise meet
the needs of the egg or developing
fetus.
56. They promote the development
of female secondary sexual
characteristics, such as
breasts, and are also involved in
the thickening of the
endometrium and other aspects
of regulating the menstrual cycle.
57. The ovaries have two
distinct functions.
• produce ova (also called
eggs)
• produce female
hormones.
59. Estrogen
• Promote formation of female secondary sex
characteristics
• Accelerate metabolism
• Increase fat stores
• Stimulate endometrial growth
• Increase uterine growth
• Increase vaginal lubrication
• Thicken the vaginal wall
• Maintenance of vessel and skin
• Reduce bone desorption, increase bone
formation
60. Progesterone is sometimes called the "hormone of
pregnancy“.
- it converts the endometrium to its secretory stage to
prepare the uterus for implantation. At the same time
progesterone affects the vaginal epithelium and cervical
mucus, making it thick and impenetrable to sperm. If
pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels will
decrease, leading, in the human, to menstruation. Normal
menstrual bleeding is progesterone-withdrawal bleeding.
In addition progesterone inhibits lactation during
pregnancy. The fall in progesterone levels following
delivery is one of the triggers for milk production.
66. Higher levels of testosterone
were associated with periods
of sexual activity within
subjects, but between
subjects testosterone levels
were higher for less sexually
active individuals
68. Reproductive System of Male and
Female – primary function is for
reproduction but contribute to
growth and development
specifically the secondary sex
characteristics of adolescents as
well as the primary sex
characteristics.
73. General physical changes that happen to
adolescent boys and girls during puberty
• Rapid increase in height and weight
• Changes in circulatory and respiratory
system.
• Changes in body composition
• Sudden increase in hormone production
• Bones become harder and more brittle.
• Sweat and oil glands become more
active.
74. Changes in Primary Sex
Characteristics
• Reproductive organ of both boys and
girls grow and develop
• Boys experience the first release of
seminal fluid or ejaculation from the
penis called as wet dreams
• Girls experience menarche or the first
release of blood and fluids from vagina
75. Changes in Secondary Sex
Characteristics
Boys
• Voice become deeper
• Adam‟s apple becomes bigger
• Shoulders become wider than the
hips
• Hair grows on face, body and
pubic area
76. Changes in Secondary Sex
Characteristics
Girls
• The breast develop
• The hips become wider than
the shoulder
• Hair grows on underarm and
pubic area
78. • Make better decisions
• Tendency to become
bored with routine
activities
• Think less of themselves
79. • Coordination with their
thoughts and their actions
• Can focus attention on what
they want to listen to.
• Improvement in memory and
speed in thinking
81. • More responsive to rewards and
stress.
• More emotional that makes them
open to being hurt or in danger
• Boys are sexually active
• Boys become more aggressive due
to sudden increase in manufacture of
hormones
83. • Consider approval of friends and other
adolescents or peers as very important
• Enjoy being with friends
• Choose friends who share the same
interest with them.
• Sometimes get involved with bad
company, engage in
fights, vandalism, smoking, drinking or
even drug sessions.
90. 2. As long as you
brush your
teeth, you
shouldn't have bad
91. 3.If you breath into
your hand you will
know when you have
bad breath.
92. Postural Problems
Poor posture can aggravate
many cases of back or neck
pain. The good news is that
good posture can greatly
improve or prevent back
problems.
93. Posture refers to the
position we take when
sitting, standing, walking
or when carrying out
daily tasks.
94. Good posture helps
maintain the body
alignment and helps the
bones and muscles to
grow properly during
teenage years.
95.
96. Body odor - is an
unpleasant smell our
body gives off when
bacteria that live on the
skin break down sweat
into acid.
97. How to prevent or lessen body odor.
1.Take a bath or shower daily and use
antibacterial soap.
2.Apply deodorant or antiperspirant
daily.
3.Bring extra clothes and change when
needed
4.Lessen the consumption of spicy
foods.
99. Facts:
Excessive sweating may cause by
overactive sweat glands or it may
be hyperhidrosis- a warning sign of
thyroid problems, diabetes or
infection. Excessive sweating is
also more common in people who
are overweight or out of shape.
100. Excessive daytime sweating of
the palms, soles and underarms
for no apparent reason is known
as focal hyperhidrosis. This type
of excessive sweating typically
stops when you're sleeping and
isn't associated with an
underlying condition.
101. Dental Problems –
caused by bacteria in the
mouth produce acids that
attack the enamel of the
tooth until a cavity is
formed.
102. How to prevent dental problems?
• Eat nutritious foods.
• Limiting between -meal snacks
specially sweet and sticky foods.
• Brushing and flossing to remove
plaque or tartar
• Visiting a dentist regularly at
least once a year.
103. Myth Related to Bad
Breath
Myth: As long as you
brush your teeth, you
shouldn't have bad
breath.
104. Facts: Brushing is important
to remove food particles and
harmful plaques that stuck
between teeth and gums. 2-3
minutes brushing is enough.
Bad breath sometimes is
caused by abnormalities
inside our body.
105. Myth: If you breath
into your hand you
will know when you
have bad breath.
106. Facts: When you breath you
don‟t use your throath the
same way you do when you
talk. When you talk you tend
to bring out the odors from
the back of your mouth which
simply breathing doesn‟t do.
107. Lack of Sleep – interferes
proper growth and
development because
body cells grow and repair
themselves more rapidly
during sleep.
109. HEALTH CONCERNS RELATED TO
MENTAL CHANGES
• Mental Health Problems- may be caused
by heredity, head injury, or chemical
imbalance. It may also be causedby
stress from feelings of not being
accepted, being poor or
different, abuse, death of loved one or
separation.