This document discusses improving the relationship between scientists and Wikipedia. It notes that Wikipedia often lacks basic biographical information about notable scientists. A Wikipedian in Residence program was established at the Royal Society to address this issue through edit-a-thons and releasing portraits and data under open licenses. This led to improved coverage of Fellows of the Royal Society on Wikipedia. The document advocates for expanding such programs to other scientific organizations to increase representation of scientists on Wikipedia.
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Improving the troubled relationship between Scientists and Wikipedia
1. Improving the troubled relationship
between Scientists & Wikipedia
Duncan Hull @dullhunk
University of Manchester
& John Byrne User:Johnbod
Wikipedian in Residence
Royal Society & CRUK
Wikipedia Science Conference @WellcomeTrust
London 2nd & 3rd September 2015
6. The âdistorted mirror of WikipediaââŚ
âWikipedia failed in covering notable scholars properly ...
might be producing an inaccurate image
of academics on the front end of science.â
Samoilenko & Yasseri (2014) Quantitative analysis of Wikipedia
coverage, EPJ Data Science http://doi.org/66r via the Oxford
Internet Institute (OII)
7. âŚtypically lack very basic information
1. Education? no X
2. Research? nada X
3. Career? nope X
4. Funding? E.g. orcid.org non X
5. Publications? [Citation-needed] doi.org naw X
6. Collaborators, PhD students & postdocs? nein X
7. Pictures? (CC-BY / CC-BY-SA license) null X
If wiki-biographies existâŚ
8. Credit: Randall Munroe https://xkcd.com/773/
Universities typically donât provide this informationâŚ
11. Wikipedia loves
celebritiesâŚ
e.g. every tiny detail
of Beckhamâs life is
documented at
http://enwp.org/Dav
id_Beckham
yet it has nothing to
say about equivalent
scientists
12. Many notable scientists are
Fellows of the Royal Society (FRS)
Darwin Newton Turing Hodgkin Einstein
Hawking Berners-Lee Geim Ramakrishnan Blackburn
13. Many notable scientists are
Fellows of the Royal Society (FRS)
Darwin Newton Turing Hodgkin Einstein
Hawking Berners-Lee Geim Ramakrishnan Blackburn
approx:
50 new Fellows / year for 350 years
8000 Fellows (since 1660)
1400 Living (FRS)
160 Foreign (ForMemRS)
160 Women
280 Nobels ( )
14. âRecognise, promote and
support excellence in
science and to encourage
the development and use of
science for the benefit of
humanityâ
â⌠every single person
on the planet is given free
access to the sum of all human
knowledgeâ
Note significant overlap
15. How about a Wikipedian in
Residence @RoyalSociety?
16. How about a Wikipedian in
Residence @RoyalSociety?
YES!
18. Results: Edit-a-thons
⢠3 public edit-a-thons, focused on diversity particularly
Women in Wikipedia
⢠Internal training sessions ran at the Royal Society
http://enwp.org/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Royal_Society
⢠Ongoing relationship and understanding between
Royal Society and Wikipedia editors
19. Results: Data published
⢠118 high quality, high-resolution portraits
published CC-BY-SA (2014 & 2015)
⢠https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Images
_released_by_the_Royal_Society
⢠Biographical data published at
http://www.royalsociety.org released CC-BY-SA
allowing easier re-use on Wikipedia and elsewhere
⢠Journal subscription offer renewed & extended to 75
subscriptions
http://enwp.org/Wikipedia:Royal_Society_Journals
20. Results: FRS coverage
100% of Female Fellows and FRS from 2014/5
have wiki-biographes
On average, 30% of 1000 fellows elected in
last 20 years have no wiki-biography at all
(300 total)
21. Results: Impact
⢠Images (e.g. in 22 different
languageshttps://commons.wikime
dia.org/wiki/File:Professor_Martin_Hair
er_FRS.jpg )
⢠Data widely re-used and
highly visible & accessible
22. Results: Impact
Data from
1. http://stats.grok.se/
2. https://tools.wmflabs.org/glamtools/baglama2/
3. https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/09/11/new-images-released-are-quickly-put-to-use/
⢠Images: about 40k page views a month, biggest spike 100k views (due to Fields Medal)
⢠Biography pages: ~1k page views per month (for http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki )
23.
24. via Googleâs Knowledge Graph
using data from Wikipedia
Wiki-biographies rank highly in
search results, often top result
or on the first page
25. Where next?
⢠We need more scientist editors to helpâŚ
â Better reflect Scientists (and Science) in Wikipedia
â Create new biographies that donât exist yet
â Improve existing biographies
⢠Maybe if Wikipedia loved scientist a bit more, they might be more
inclined to edit it?
⢠More pictures available under CC-BY license e.g.
â royalsociety.org/library/collections
â https://pictures.royalsociety.org
⢠More learned societies (and funding bodies) to employ wikipedians
in residence
26. Where next?
Wikipedians in residence at European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), Academy
of Medical Sciences, Royal Academy of Engineering, Zoological Society of London, Institute
of Physics, Linnean Society, IET, Royal Astronomical Society, Royal Society of Biology⌠etc
27. web wiki-loves-scientists.org.uk
twitter @wikiscientists
⢠Wikipedia pages (and data) are used by
thousands of people (and machines) around the
globe: 26 million page views per hour*
⢠Entertaining to edit biographies
of scientists you donât know personally for
Neutral Point of View (NPOV)
⢠Might encourage more scientist editors?
*According to
https://wikimania2015.wikime
dia.org/wiki/Submissions/The
_next_million_articles_in_Wik
ipedia
28. Acknowledgements
⢠Paul Nurse @TheCrick, Francis Bacon, Emma
Tennant, David Silverthorne, Aosaf Afzal
@RoyalSociety
⢠Martin Poulter, University of Bristol
@mlpoulter
⢠Wikimedia UK @WikimediaUK
⢠All the contributors to wiki-biographies (too
numerous to mention here)
29. Image credits
⢠"Mad scientist transparent background" by Converted to PNG by User:Wapcaplet.Converted from PNG to SVG by User:Antilived.Background removed by User:Zzyzx11. - Image:Mad
scientist.svg (Caricature of a mad scientist drawn by User:J.J.). Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mad_scientist_transparent_background.svg
⢠"Broken heart" by Corazón.svg: User:Fibonacciderivative work: Eviatar Bach (talk) - Corazón.svg. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Broken_heart.svg
⢠"Jorge Cham-EPFL mg 2892" by Rama - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 fr via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jorge_Cham-EPFL_mg_2892.jpg
⢠"GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689" by Sir Godfrey Kneller - http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/art/portrait.html. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg
⢠"Charles Darwin by Julia Margaret Cameron 2" by Julia Margaret Cameron - Reprinted in Charles Darwin: His Life Told in an Autobiographical Chapter, and in a Selected Series of His
Published Letters, edited by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1892.Scanned by User:Davepape. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Darwin_by_Julia_Margaret_Cameron_2.jpg
⢠"Beckswimbledon" by Brian MInkoff-London Pixels - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beckswimbledon.jpg
⢠"Albert Einstein (Nobel)" by Unknown - Official 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics photograph. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Albert_Einstein_(Nobel).png
⢠"Alan Turing Aged 16" by Unknown - http://www.turingarchive.org/viewer/?id=521&title=4. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alan_Turing_Aged_16.jpg
⢠"Paul Nurse portrait" by Not specified in the OTRS submission - OTRS submission by Ryoko Mandeville on behalf of Paul Nurse. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Paul_Nurse_portrait.jpg
⢠"Dorothy Hodgkin Nobel" by Unknown - http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1964/. Via Wikipedia -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dorothy_Hodgkin_Nobel.jpg
⢠"Stephen Hawking.StarChild" by NASA - Original. Source (StarChild Learning Center). Directory listing.. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stephen_Hawking.StarChild.jpg
⢠"Sir Tim Berners-Lee" by Paul Clarke - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Tim_Berners-Lee.jpg
⢠Andre Geim "Andre Geim 2010-1" by Holger Motzkau 2010, Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons (cc-by-sa-3.0). Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Andre_Geim_2010-1.jpg
⢠"Nobel Prize 2009-Press Conference KVA-08" by Š Prolineserver 2010, Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons (cc-by-sa-3.0). Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_KVA-08.jpg
⢠"Elizabeth Blackburn CHF Heritage Day 2012 Rush 001" by Chemical Heritage Foundation. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons â "Elizabeth Blackburn CHF Heritage Day
2012 Rush 001" by Chemical Heritage Foundation. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Blackburn_CHF_Heritage_Day_2012_Rush_001.JPG
⢠"Professor Martin Hairer FRS" by Royal Society uploader - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Professor_Martin_Hairer_FRS.jpg
⢠"WMUK Royal Society Diversity editathon 2014-03-25 05" by Chris McKenna - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WMUK_Royal_Society_Diversity_editathon_2014-03-25_05.jpg
⢠"Boys image in a distorting mirror" by Gaius Cornelius - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Boys_image_in_a_distorting_mirror.jpg
⢠"Nobel Prize" by Photograph: JonathunderMedal: Erik Lindberg (1873-1966) - Derivative of File:NobelPrize.JPG. Via Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nobel_Prize.png
⢠"Love Heart with arrow" by Nevit Dilmen (talk) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Love_Heart_with_arrow.svg
Hinweis der Redaktion
If wikipedia biographies exist they tend to commit at least one of seven deadly sins of omission.
Where was the scientists educated?
What is their research about?
What has their career been and how did they become wikipedia notable?
Where did they get their funding from? (can be millions from taxpayers)
Where are the publications and results?
Who are their collaborators? Who were their PhD students and postdocs?
Last but not least, no high quality image of scientist available under an appropriate license
You might say, so what? Let the Universities provide this information. But Universities often do a bad job of providing this information⌠as pointed out by Randall Munroe of XKCD
Youâll be lucky if you can find basic information on a university website
You might also say, leave the scientists to desribe themselves to the world on their academic homepage.
But this are typically very dated and not written from a very neutral point of view (NPOV)
Compare the situation with how wikipedia LOVES celebrities.
The encyclopedia tells you all about EVERY goal David Beckham scored for Manchester United because it CELEBRATES celebrities
BUT has NOTHING to say about many leading scientists â this needs to change.
Where can we go to find notable scientists? The Royal Society. Many distinguished members, nobel laureates from the last 350 years to the present day (not just UK)
Where can we go to find notable scientists? The Royal Society. Many distinguished members, nobel laureates from the last 350 years to the present day (not just UK)
The royal society and wikipedia have similar goals (although their approaches are very different)
I put this to Paul Nurse via an email (never seriously expected a reply)
Thankfully he agreed and they employed a part-time wikipedian in residence for 6(?) months