The document provides guidelines for the safe disposal of dead bodies and carcasses during disease outbreaks such as anthrax, plague, and avian influenza. Key recommendations include: 1) Carcasses of animals that died of anthrax should be disposed of by incineration or rendering to prevent the spread of infection. 2) During plague outbreaks, the bodies of human victims should be cremated or buried according to local customs to safely dispose of them. 3) Dead birds and materials during avian influenza outbreaks should be buried or burned in deep pits and the areas disinfected to control the spread of the disease.

1. CATTLE MANAGEMENT IN DISASTER DISPOSAL OF DEAD BODIES (24 TH & 25 TH JANUARY 2008) DR. S. J. GANDHI DEPUTY DIRECTOR (EPIDEMIC BRANCH) COMMISSIONER OF HEALTH MEDICAL SERVICES & MEDICAL EDUCATION GANDHINAGAR

21. Avian Influenza

22. Chingmeirong , Imphal

23. Control Room The Nerve Centre

24. Quarantine: restrict access to infected premises; village; station and bus-stand

25. Physical survey of the area of operation To determine nature and scope of operations.

26. Physical survey of the area of operation

27. Physical survey of the area of operation

29. Demarcation of Surveillance & Infected areas 5 km radius Stamping Out 5 km radius Compulsory Vaccination / Surveillance (High risk poultry areas) 3 km Culling area

30. Demarcation of Surveillance & Infected areas

31. Culling: use of sedatives mixed in water to reduce activity level in birds. Sodium Feno Barbital,

32. Culling : Dislocation & Decapitation

33. Culling: culled birds on farms were packed in bags for disposal, which were carried to disposal sites

34. Culling: public announcement not to release birds in morning; Panchayat involved; common disposal ground identified in villages; birds collected by veterinarians in morning; cash for bird; tremendous response Different Strategy For Backyard poultry

35. Backyard poultry: sites for disposal identified by Panchayat

37. Safe Disposal: Deep trenches dug by JCB’s

38. Disposal: more than 40 JCB’s deployed in Navapur & Jalgaon I ; requisitioned from deptts

39. Burial of Birds

40. Disposal: material carried out manually for disposal from farms/villages

41. Disposal: killed birds and infected material dumped into pits dug by JCB’s Materials should be lower than ground level

42. Disposal: pits covered by earth and ‘limed’ Alternate layers of earth and lime to pack it well

43. Disposal by Burning PPE burnt on each farm on exit by each person from each farm

44. Disposal: eggs destroyed and buried with egg trays etc.

46. Disposal of feed and feed materials.

47. Disposal of feed and feed materials.

48. Disposal of feed and feed materials.

49. Major activity. Farms are largely two-tier structures. Clean up:Commercial farms

50. Clean up:Commercial farms Upper storey has bird cages and support systems

51. Lower storey is dump ground for fecal matter; ‘slurried’ due to water leakage from bird water systems Clean up:Commercial farms

52. Clean up:Commercial farms

53. Clean up:Commercial farms Physically impossible to enter & clean up. Difficult to access lower storey due to low height

54. Clean up:Commercial farms Jetting & suction machines

55. Liquid material pumped out Clean up:Commercial farms

56. Discharged into pits which were covered with thick layer of lime and earth. Continuous watch. Clean up:Commercial farms

57. Clean up:Commercial farms Covered with plastic sheets

58. Sheds cleaned manually thereafter Clean up:Commercial farms

60. Feather disposal laborious work; not possible manually

61. Feather disposal Flame guns purchased and used; operated by LPG

62. Feather disposal

63. Cage systems are to be opened up, cleaned and disinfected; water systems to be handled similarly

64. Disinfecting & Spraying Foggers provided by GOI. Sprayers to be provided by State Govt.

65. Disinfecting & Spraying

66. Disinfecting & Spraying

67. Disinfecting & Spraying

71. Sanitized farms

72. Sanitized farms

73. Sanitized farms

74. Sanitized farms

75. Sanitized farms

76. Sanitized farms

77. Sealing of farms

78. Sealing of farms

79. THANK YOU