Diagnosis and medications research

1. Queen’sPark Hospital – PATH-MedUnit
1. PatientS.D.
Schedule Medications:
1. Aspirin – Non-opioid analgesic, antipyretics. Aspirin is used to treat pain, and reduce fever or
inflammation. It is sometimes used to treat or prevent heart attacks, strokes, and chest pain (angina).
Used as a blood thinner for this patient.
2. Allupurinol – Antigout.Allopurinol isusedtotreatgoutorkidneystones,andtodecrease levelsof uric
acid in people. Patient has gout.
3. Clonazepam – Antiseizure. It affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced. Clonazepam is
used to treat certain seizure disorders. Clonazepam is also used to treat panic disorder
4. Diltiazem– Antihypertension(calciumchannel blocker). Diltiazemisusedtotreat hypertension(high
bloodpressure), angina(chestpain),andcertainheartrhythmdisorders.Patienthashypertension.Check
BP before and after administration.
5. Levothyroxine - Levothyroxine treats hypothyroidism(low thyroidhormone).Itisalsousedto treator
prevent goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), which can be caused by hormone imbalances, radiation
treatment, surgery, or cancer. Patient has hypothyroidism.
6. Metropolol – Antihypertension (beta-blocker). Affects the heart and circulation (bloodflow through
arteriesandveins).Metoprololisusedtotreatangina(chestpain) andhypertension(highbloodpressure).
It is also used to treat or prevent heart attack. Patient has hypertension.
7. Mirtazapine – Antidepressant. Affect communication between nerve cells in the central nervous
system and/or restore chemical balance in the brain. Mirtazapine is used to treat major depressive
disorder.
8. Pantoprazole – Antiulcer. Proton pump inhibitor that decreases the amount of acid produced in
the stomach. Pantoprazole isusedtotreat erosive esophagitis(damage tothe esophagusfromstomach
acid), and other conditions.
9. Ramirpril – Antihypertensive. Is an ACE inhibitor. ACE stands for angiotensin converting enzyme.
Ramipril is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) or congestive heart failure, and to improve
survival after a heart attack.
10. Risperidone –Antipsychotic.It worksbychangingthe effectsof chemicalsinthe brain.Risperidoneis
usedtotreatschizophreniaandsymptomsofbipolardisorder(manicdepression).Itisalsousedinautistic
children to treat symptoms of irritability. Patient has developmental delays.
11. Sennosides – For constipation. Known as stimulant laxatives. They work by keeping water in
the intestines, which causes movement of the intestines.
12. Topiramate – Anticonvulsant. Effective for preventing migraine headaches. It works by affecting
several chemicalsinthe brain that helpto reduce seizure activityand preventmigraine headachesfrom
occurring.
PRN:
1. Acetaminophen – Antipyretics, Non-opioid analgesics, used to treat many conditions such as
headache, muscle aches, arthritis, backache, toothaches, colds, and fevers.
2. Bowel Protocol - Suggested practice guidelines for the management of constipation or
neurogenic bowel in adults.
3. Hydrocortisone – Corticosteroid. Used to treat a variety of skin conditions (e.g., insect bites, poison
oak/ivy, eczema, dermatitis, allergies, rash, itching of the outer female genitals, anal
itching). Hydrocortisone reduces the swelling, itching, and redness that can occur in these types of
conditions.
4. Lorazepam – Antianxiety. It affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced in people with
anxiety. Lorazepam is used to treat anxiety disorders.

2. 5. Quetiapine – Antipsychotic. Treating schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. It may also be used for other
conditions as determined by your doctor.
Diagnosis: Seizures, social admit - Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, which may produce a
physical convulsion, minor physical signs, thought disturbances, or a combination of symptoms.
MedHistory: Developmental delay,COPD,HTN
Afib - is an irregular and often very fast heart rate. This may cause symptoms like heart palpitations,
fatigue,andshortnessof breath.Treating atrial fibrillationisimportantbecauseitmaycause astroke and
negatively impact your quality of life.
Gout- a disease inwhichdefectivemetabolismof uricacidcausesarthritis,especiallyinthe smallerbones
of the feet, deposition of chalkstones, and episodes of acute pain.
Hypothyroidism– underactive thyroid, isaconditionwhere the thyroidglanddoesnotcreate enoughof
a thyroidhormone called thyroxine.Thyroidhormonesregulatethe wayinwhichthe bodyusesenergy -
metabolism - and without enough thyroxine many of the body's functions slow down.
2. PatientM.J.
Schedule Medications:
1. Acetaminophen– referabove
2. Apixaban – Anticoagulant. Reducingthe riskof stroke and seriousbloodclotsincertainpatientswith
atrial fibrillation.Itis also usedto preventbloodclots inpeople whohave had a hip or knee replaced.It
may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Patient has afib.
3. Atorvastatin – Antilipid, statins. Atorvastatin reduces levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density
lipoprotein, or LDL) and triglycerides in the blood, while increasinglevels of "good" cholesterol (high-
densitylipoprotein,orHDL).Atorvastatinisusedtotreat highcholesterol,andtolowerthe riskof stroke,
heartattack,or otherheartcomplicationsinpeoplewithtype 2diabetes,coronaryheartdisease,orother
risk factors.
4. Citalopram – Antidepressants (SSRI). Citalopram is used to treat depression.
5. Levothyroxine – referabove
6. Melatonin – Sedative. Melatonin helps control your sleep and wake cycles.
7. Quetiapine – referabove
8. Sennosides–referabove
PRN:
1. Lactulose Solution – Constipation. Lactulose solutionis a colonic acidifier. It works by drawing water
into the colon, which softens the stool and helps to produce a bowel movement.
Diagnosis:Fall bilateral wrist and facial,Afib,COPD, Hypothyroidism
Celiac disease - a disease in which the small intestine is hypersensitive to gluten, leading to difficultyin
digesting food.
Hernia repair - a condition in which part of an organ is displaced and protrudesthrough the wall of the
cavity containing it (often involving the intestine at a weak point in the abdominal wall).
Aneurysm- an excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.
Cataracts - a medical condition in which the lensof the eye becomes progressivelyopaque, resulting in
blurred vision.
MedHistory: Smoking
3. PatientJ.B.
Schedule Medications:
1. Beclomethasone – Steroid.It preventsthe releaseof substancesinthe bodythatcause inflammation.
Beclomethasone inhalation is used to prevent asthma attacks. This medication will not treat an asthma
attack that has already begun.

3. 2. Fludrocortisone – Corticosteroid. It works by causing the kidneys to retain sodium and acting as a
replacement for cortisone when the body does not produce enough.
3. Estradiol – Estrogen. Estradiol isusedtotreatsymptomsof menopausesuchashotflashes,andvaginal
dryness, burning, and irritation. Other uses include prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women,andreplacementof estrogeninwomenwithovarianfailure orotherconditionsthatcause alack
of natural estrogen in the body. Estradiol is sometimes used as part of cancer treatment in women.
4. Progesterone - isa hormone thatoccurs naturallyinthe body.Itcan alsobe made in a laboratory.
5. Rabeprazole – Antiulcer. It works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes. It relieves
symptomssuchas heartburn,difficultyswallowing,andpersistentcough.This medicationhelpsheal acid
damage to the stomach and esophagus, helps prevent ulcers, and may help prevent cancer of the
esophagus. Rabeprazole belongs to a class of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).
6. Salmeterol-Fluticasone – Antiasthma. Is an inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting bronchodilator
combination. The corticosteroid works by reducing inflammation, and the bronchodilator works by
widening the airways in the lungs. This helps you breathe more easily.
7. Acetaminophen– referabove
8. Calcium Carbonate - Treating or preventing calcium deficiency. It may also be used for
other conditions as determined by your doctor.
9. Carbamazepine – Anticonvulsants.Itworksbydecreasingnerveimpulsesthatcause seizuresandpain.
Carbamazepine is used to treat seizures and nerve pain such as trigeminal neuralgia and diabetic
neuropathy. Carbamazepine is also used to treat bipolar disorder.
10. Clonazepam– referabove
11. Domperidone – Gastric stimulant. Increases movement through the digestive system. It is used to
treat symptoms of stomach disorders. It may also be used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by
certain medications.
12. Hydrocortisone – referabove
13. Levothyroxine – referabove
14. Lorazepam – referabove
15. Multi Vitamins- preparationintendedtobe a dietarysupplement withvitamins,dietaryminerals,and
other nutritional elements.
16. Sertraline – Antidepressants.usedtotreatdepression,panicattacks, obsessive compulsive disorder,
post-traumaticstressdisorder, social anxietydisorder(socialphobia),andasevere formof premenstrual
syndrome (premenstrual dysphoric disorder).This medicationmay improve your mood, sleep, appetite,
andenergylevel andmayhelprestoreyourinterestindailyliving.Itmaydecreasefear, anxiety,unwanted
thoughts, and the number of panic attacks.
17. Vitamin D - Used for preventing and treating rickets, a disease that is caused by not having enough
vitaminD(vitaminDdeficiency).VitaminDisalsoused fortreatingweakbones(osteoporosis),bonepain
(osteomalacia), bone loss in people with a condition called hyperparathyroidism.
PRN:
1. Bowel Protocol – referabove
2. Codeine – Opioid. Codeine is used to treat mild to moderately severe pain.
3. Sennosides- referabove
Diagnosis:Left hip – hip precaution
Med History: Hypothyroidism, Brain tumor (craniotomy x2) - is a collection,or mass, of abnormal cells
inyourbrain.Your skull,whichenclosesyour brain,isveryrigid.Anygrowthinsidesucharestrictedspace
can cause problems.
Addison disease – adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones. Symptoms like abd pain,
weakness and weight loss.

4. 4. PatientD.B.
Schedule Medication
1. Cyanocobalamin - Vitamin B12 is an especiallyimportantvitaminformaintaininghealthynerve cells,
and it helps in the production of DNA and RNA, the body's genetic material.
2. Phenytoin– Anticonvulsant.It worksby slowing downimpulsesinthe brainthatcause seizures.
PRN:
1. Acetaminophen– referabove
2. Bowel Protocol – referabove
3. Dimenhydrinate – Antiemetic.Dimenhydrinateisanantihistamine andanticholinergic.Itworksinthe
brain to decrease nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
4. Ipratropium – Bronchodilator. Used to control and prevent symptoms (wheezing and shortness of
breath) caused by ongoing lung disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD which
includes bronchitis and emphysema). It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways so that they
open up and you can breathe more easily. Patient has COPD.
5. Loarazepam – referabove
6. Ondansetron – Antiemetic.Ondansetronisusedto preventnauseaandvomitingthat may be caused
by surgery or by medicine to treat cancer. Patient has brain tumor.
7. Quetiapine – referabove
8. Salbutamol – Bronchodilator. Used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in patients with asthma,
bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases.
Diagnosis:Brain Tumor
MedHistory: ETOH, COPD, Aspiration
Dysphagia - difficultyordiscomfortin swallowing,asa symptomof disease.
Pneumonia - lung inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infection,in which the air sacs fill with pus
and may become solid. Inflammation may affect both lungs (double pneumonia), one lung ( single
pneumonia ), or only certain lobes ( lobar pneumonia ).
5. PatientC.D.
Schedule Medications:
1. Loxapine - Treatingschizophrenia.Loxapine isa tricyclicantipsychotic.
2. Nitroglycerinpatch – Antianginals.Used to preventepisodesof angina(chestpain)inpeoplewho
have coronary arterydisease (narrowingof the bloodvesselsthatsupplybloodtothe heart).
3. Salbutamol inhaler– Bronchodilator.
4. Salmeterol-Fluticasone –Combinationof Long acting bronchodilator and corticosteroids.
5. Tiotropium- Anticholinergicagent.It worksbyenlargingthe airwaystoallow easier breathing.
Treatingsymptomsof chronicobstructive pulmonarydisease(COPD),includingbronchitisand
emphysema.
6. Atorvastatin – Antilipid,statin
7. CalciumCarbonate – preventcalcium deficiency
8. Cyanocobalamin– VitaminB12
9. Diltiazem- Antihypertension(calciumchannel blocker).
10. Docusate - Stool softener.Relievingoccasional constipationandpreventingdry,hardstools.
11. Ferrous Gluconate - Supplementingironinthe dietand preventingortreatinglow levelsof ironin
the blood.
12. Lorazepam - Antianxiety
13. Oxazepam - Antianxiety
14. Pantoprazole (entericcoated) - Antiulcer

5. 15. Paroxetine – Antidepressant, selective serotoninreuptake inhibitors(SSRIs). Paroxetineaffects
chemicalsinthe brainthat maybe unbalancedinpeoplewith depression,anxiety,orotherdisorders.
16. Ramipril – Antihypertensive,ACEinhibitor
17. Rivaroxaban – Anticoagulant.Preventingandtreatingbloodclotsincertain patients.Itisalsoused
to reduce the riskof stroke andseriousbloodclotsincertainpatientswithatrial fibrillation.
18. Sennosides– for Constipation
19. VitaminD – for calcium absorption,treat weak bones (osteoporosis)
PRN:
1. Acetaminophen– Non-opioidanalgesics,antipyretic
2. Bowel Protocol
3. NitroglycerinSpray - Antianginals.
4. Salbutamol – Bronchodilator.
Diagnosis:COPD – already clear
MedHistory: Stroke,BrainAneurysm - anexcessivelocalizedenlargementof anarterycausedby a
weakeningof the arterywall. Showingsymptomsofhallucination.
6. PatientD.G.
Schedule Medications:
1. Glaxal base cream - clinically recommended for nurturing, hydrating and restoring skin integrity.
2. Polyethylene glycol - Used to treat occasional constipation. Polyethylene glycol 3350 is in a class of
medications called osmotic laxatives. It works by causing water to be retained with the stool. This
increases the number of bowel movements and softens the stool so it is easier to pass.
3. Sennosides–referabove
4. FerrousGluconate - Supplementingironinthe dietandpreventingortreatinglow levelsof ironinthe
blood.
5. Hydromorphone – referabove
PRN:
1. Acetaminophen– referabove
2. Bowel Protocol – referabove
3. Nicotine - impregnated with nicotine and worn on the skin by a person trying to give up smoking.
Nicotine is gradually absorbed into the bloodstream, helping reduce the craving for cigarettes.
4. Prochlorperazine –Antipsychotic. Controllingsevere nauseaandvomitingand treatingschizophrenia.
Diagnosis:InfectedButtock Lesion
Med History: Metastatic Lung CA – need chemo - is a life-threatening condition that develops
when cancer in another area of the body metastasizes, or spreads, to the lung.
Sources:
DavisCanadianDrug Guide forNurses
https://www.drugs.com
http://www.webmd.com