easy description of upper limb bones

1. Superior extremity

2. Bones of upper limb

3. Bones of upper limb
• Clavicle
• Scapula
• Humerous
• Radius
• Ulna
• Skeleton of hand

4. Clavicle

5. Morphological types of bone
• Modify long bone
• – only long bone of body which lies in
horizontally

6. Anatomical point
• Sternal end is enlarged & directed medially
• Medial 2/3 of shaft of clavicle convex and
forward
• Groove for subclavius lies inferiorly

9. External features of clavicle
• Two end – large sternal end and flat acromial
end
• Shaft –
• medial 2/3 convex anteriorly, it has four
surface – ant , pos, supe, infe
• Lateral 1/3concave anteriorly, it has two
surface superior and inferior

10. Attachment of clavicle
Muscles
• Trapezius: spinal part of accessory nerve
• Sternocleidomastoid : spinal part of accessory nerve
• Deltoid : axillary nerve(arise from pos cord of br.pl)
• pectoralis major (medial and lateral pectoral nerve)
• Subclavius
• Sternohyoid
Ligament :
• coracoclavicular ligament

11. Peculiarities of clavicle
• It has no medullary cavity
• It is ossify in membrane
• It is pierce by supreclavicular nerve
• It is the first bone of body to start ossification

12. Ossification of clavicle
• Two membranous ossification at shaft
• One 2nd ossification center at sternal end

14. Name of
bone
Primary ossification center Secondary ossification center
Clavicle Two One for sternal end
Humerus One for shaft Three for upper end – head , greater & lesser
tubercle
Four for lower end – lateral & medial epicondyle,
capitulum, trochlear
Radius One primary ossification
center for shaft
One for upper end
One for lower end
Ulna One primary ossification
center for shaft
One for upper end
One for lower end
Carpal bone One primary ossification
center which appear after
birth
No secondary ossification centre
Metacarpal
bone
One primary ossification
center for shaft
One 2nd ossification centre :
base of 1st metacarpal bones is ossified from 2nd
ossification center
Heads of 2-5 metacarpal bone are ossified from 2nd
ossification center
Phalanges One primary ossification
center for shaft and head
One 2nd ossification center for base of each phalanx

15. Joint related to clavicle
Sternoclavicular jt
• Type : saddle type of
synovial jt
• Articular surface: sternal
end of the clavicle which
is covered by a fibro-
cartilage and clavicular
notch of manubrium
sterni .
• Joint cavity : two jt cavity
divided by articular disc
(fibrocartilage)
• Acromioclavicular jt
• Type: plane type of
synovial jt
• Articular surfaces :
lateral end of clavicle
and clavicular facet on
medial margin of
acromial process

17. Scapula

18. Morphologically scapula is a
Flat bone

19. External features of scapula
• Three angle : superior, inferior and lateral
• Three border: lateral, medial and superior
• Three process: coracoid, acromion,spinous
• Two surfaces: costal and dorsal
• Scapular notch

23. Rotator cuff Nerve supply
1. Supraspinatus
2.Infraspinatus
3.Subcapsularis
4. Teres minor
• Trapezius
• Deltoid
• Pectoralis minor
• Teres major
• Lattissimus dorsi
• Levator scapulae
• Rhomboidus major and minor
• Long head of biceps brachii
• Long head of triceps brachii
• Serratus anterior
Attachment of scapula