This document provides an overview of a training session on descriptive and analytic epidemiology. Descriptive epidemiology involves describing disease frequency, distribution, and determinants in populations using measures like prevalence and incidence. Analytic epidemiology aims to understand why diseases occur using study designs like cohort studies and case-control studies to test hypotheses. Key terms discussed include measures of association like relative risk and odds ratio, and statistical tests like confidence intervals and p-values.
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Descriptive and Analytical Epidemiology
1. Public Health Information Network (PHIN) Series I is for Epi Epidemiology basics for non-epidemiologists
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4. Series I Sessions May 5 “ Epidemiology Specialties Applied” April 7 “ Surveillance” March 3 “ Descriptive and Analytic Epidemiology” February 3 “ An Epidemiologist’s Tool Kit” January 12 “ Epidemiology in the Context of Public Health” Date Title
78. Relative Risk Example a / ( a + c ) 23 / 33 RR = = = 6.67 c / ( c+ d ) 7 / 67 100 70 30 Total 67 60 7 No 33 10 23 Yes Total No Yes Pink hamburger Escherichia coli ?
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80. Odds Ratio Example a x d 130 x 135 OR = = = 1.27 b x c 115 x 120 500 250 250 Total 255 135 120 No 245 115 130 Yes Total No Yes MMR Vaccine? Autism
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85. 95% CI Example Grodstein F, Goldman MB, Cramer DW. Relation of tubal infertility to history of sexually transmitted diseases . Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Mar 1;137(5):577-84 0.2 – 1.0 0.4 Genital warts 0.5 – 1.8 0.9 Herpes 1.0 – 2.7 1.7 Other vaginitis 1.0 – 1.7 1.3 Yeast 1.3 – 2.8 1.9 Trichomonas 1.3 – 4.4 2.4 Gonorrhea 95% CI Odds Ratio Disease
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88. p-value Example Grodstein F, Goldman MB, Cramer DW. Relation of tubal infertility to history of sexually transmitted diseases . Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Mar 1;137(5):577-84 0.05 0.2 – 1.0 0.4 Genital warts 0.80 0.5 – 1.8 0.9 Herpes 0.04 1.0 – 2.7 1.7 Other vaginitis 0.04 1.0 – 1.7 1.3 Yeast 0.001 1.3 – 2.8 1.9 Trichomonas 0.004 1.3 – 4.4 2.4 Gonorrhea p-value 95% CI Odds Ratio Disease