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5/19/2012




         Sustainable Architecture without
                     Architects




How the people of a small town on the cross road to the silk road
 in Persia used micro-climate and their local materials to create
                   energy-efficient homes
                      Simi Razavian Hemmati Architect
                             LEED AP, CGBP, CNE
                          Website: www.msahome.com
                            Email: simi@msahome.com
                              Tel: 858 459 8250


                                                                        1




     Sustainable Architecture without
     Architects in Tabas, Iran (Persia)

    This presentation is protected by US and
    International Copyright laws. Reproduction,
    distribution, display and use of the
    presentation without written permission of
    the speaker is prohibited.




                                                                        2




     Learning Objectives
       Passive solar design
       Assess how they have used sun, wind, water, Landscape
       and thermal mass to transform a harsh natural
       environment into comfortable spaces
       Evaluate innovative uses of local material in their
       buildings
       Santa Fe architecture and similarities to Persian architecture
       Observe the use of these techniques in modern
       architecture




                                                                        3




                                                                                   1
5/19/2012




What is a Green Building?
How many LEED APs? Architects, M. Engineers,
Passive solar design
Based on USGBC (US Green Building Council), points
    Location, location
                                                       A
    Building design
    Indoor-environmental quality
    Windows and doors
    Water efficiency
    Energy efficiency
    Green building materials
    Insulation
    Renewable energy
    Landscaping



                                                               4




Energy efficiency?




                                                               5




Passive Solar Design?
Heating and cooling without mechanical system

The sun, its light and heat, is one of the big players, name
Especially in San Diego, HVAC load, solar panel cost

Principles:
         Orientation
              Orientation
                   Orientation
         Shading
         Glazing
         Thermal mass
         Insulation
         Ventilation
         Landscaping                                           6




                                                                          2
5/19/2012




       Micro Climate: San Diego

         Coastal, cross ventilation, passive heating
         Inland,              cross ventilation, shade, passive heating

         Mountain,                    passive heating

         Desert, shade, evaporative cooling




                                                                                                        7




     Orientation
     Sun path during summer and winter




           Winter                                           http://oikos.com




    www.lightningcanyon.com


       Summer                                                                     Mesa Verde Colorado
Maximize south facing windows
                                                                                                        8




     Orientation

         Site planning
         Maximize south facing windows
         At least buy one




                  http://www.netspeed.com.au/abeccs/newington/newington%20design.htm

                                                                                                        9




                                                                                                                   3
5/19/2012




Shading
   Outside
   Southern wall, overhangs
   Reduces intense light and glare
   East and west windows




                                             Hyatt, Sedona
                                                                   10




Glazing and day lighting

   Location
      South and north facing walls
   Pleasant atmosphere
   Elevates mood
   Reduces depression
   Reduces electricity cost




                                                                   11




Thermal mass
Winter time: Absorbs and stores the heat during the day then
radiates the heat at night with a delayed effect and moderately.

Summer time: Absorbs nighttime coolness and release it
slowly during the hot days.
   Tile, stone, concrete floor
   Masonry or tile fire place
   surround
   Concrete or tile countertops
   Concrete mass walls
   Pond roof
   Light color painted wall to
   reflect on the floor
        Do not throw rugs on the
        floor. Fade?

                                                                   12




                                                                               4
5/19/2012




Ventilation
  Controlled movement
  of air through a building not a leak/ tight envelope
    • Cross
    • Stack
  Evaporative cooling in arid area
 increases humidity, comfort
    • “By evaporating water, the air is cooled
      more than by flow alone: it takes a relatively
      large amount of heat to vaporize water”




  Cross ventilation                                          Stack ventilation
        Venturi effect                                       Stair well, clear story, attic
                                                                                              13




Landscaping
Landscape Architect’s role




        Wind break                                     Natural air conditioner




                                                                            builditsolar.com
             Creating shade, west and east facing
                                                                                              14




Do we follow 2000 year old design rules?




                                                                                               15




                                                                                                           5
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Desert Micro Climate!




                                                           16




Desert Micro Climate!
  Hostile environment
  Very little vegetation
  Almost no rainfall
  Sand storms
  Loss of life
  Not popular with travellers
  Vast area with few roads
  Marco Polo in 13th century
   •   Lack of water, heat and vicious sand

  Summer temperature up to 120°    F
  Winter temperature dips below -4 °F
  Temperatures soar in the sun, but drop rapidly at dusk

                                                           17




Comfort Zone Chart for Tabas
Building bio-climatic chart by Milne and Givoni


July 12th Tabas
Temp: Max: 106’° Min: 68°
                F        F
Humidity : 9%
Wind: 14 mph NNE




                                                           18




                                                                       6
5/19/2012




Materials


    Earth
       1/3 of population, 1/2 in developing countries
        Architect Gernot Minke

    Straw
    White plaster
    Wood



                                                        19




Why did we chose to study Tabas?
• A small city
• An oasis in the desert, architecturally significant
•“Pearl of Persian cities”
•“Bride of Persian cities”
• Used to exist




                                                        20




Why Tabas became important?
• Connection to silk road
    • South and North cities
    • “Karevan Sara” or Motels
• Source of water
• Coal mines
• Compare to Santa Fe




                                 IRAN




                                                        21




                                                                    7
5/19/2012




Tabas, the city planning, m.c. elements
• Wind direction
       •   Prevailing, north west
       •   Saam, sand storm, south east
•   Water, east to west
•   Water storage
•   Main road direction
•   Buildings, north, south
•   Farms, source of cool breeze
•   Point? Masdar city




                                          22




Tabas, how it became an oasis?
    • Existence of water
    • Efficient use of water
    • Love of planting trees
         • Shade
         • Distance, driving
         • Fruit, vegetables




                                          23




Tree Preservation




                                          24




                                                      8
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These are the spaces they formed!
• Summer living area
•   E`ivan (covered patio or veranda)
•   Courtyards (with water feature and planters)
•   Baudgeers (wind scoops or wind catchers)
•   Kitchen and storage
•   Hoaz-khane (living room)
•   Winter living area
•   Sardab (basement)
•   Hashti (eight sided vestibule)
                                                   25




Typical Floor Plan
• Season
• Compact
• Summer, winter area
• Courtyard
• Architectural elements
• Four seasons
• Cross ventilation




                                                   26




Summer Living Area Tabas
• Location
• Elaborate
• Windows
• Height
• Point? Vaulted or high ceiling




                                                   27




                                                               9
5/19/2012




Summer Living Area Kashan




                                    28




E’ivan (covered porch or veranda)
• Main element
• Location
• Shade
• Stand alone
• Usage time
• Day to day work
• Clay jugs
• Point?
  Dripper




                                    29




Courtyard
• Location
• Steps
     • Materials
     • Water
• Well of cold air
• Reservoir of
  coolness
• Point? Privacy, shade




                                    30




                                               10
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Courtyard
• Water features
• Citrus fruit trees
• Palm trees
• Covered courtyard
• Walls, wind break
• US Department
  of Energy, up to 25°F
  cooler
• Point?
     • Privacy
    •    west
        facing
        window



                                                      31




Baudgeer          (wind catcher, ventilation shaft)

• Unique, important
• 4000 B.C.
• Opening on sides
• One or three sided
• Breath
• Cool winds
• 8’ – 20’
• Point? Large bldg
  with good breeze
  but no vent




                                                      32




Baudgeer
• Location                          Low income
• Basement
• Divisions, Venturi effect
• Low income




                                                      33




                                                                 11
5/19/2012




   Baudgeer                                (wind catcher, ventilation shaft, wind scoop)
                                                                                                  Temperature change
                                                                     Ventilation
   How does it work? By Mr M. Bahadori                               pathways
                                                                                                  produce air pressures


      • Windy day and night
      • Stormy day                                                                      hot air rising by
                                                                                        convection                Up draf t
                                                                                        Creates Stack effect
      • Early morning no wind                                                           Like a chimney


      • Late afternoon no wind
      • Wet straw
                                                                      Hot day in the afternoon no wind
Air movement:                                                                         Chimney effect
• Pressure difference                          High press.                                               Down draft
        •    Suction                                         Stack effect
• The Venturi effect
• Convection
        •   Hot air rises

 Temperature change           Low press.
 produce air pressures
 difference in air pressure
 generates air flow




       Sensible cooling
                                                                                                                              34




   Baudgeer                                (wind catcher, ventilation shaft)

     • Enclosure
     • Sand settlement
     • Protection
     • Point? Chimney




                                                                                                                              35




                                                                                                          Ventilation
                                                                                                          pathways
   Houz-khaneh (living room)
     • Favorite
     • Water feature
     • Height
     • Cross ventilation
     • Baudgeer, center
     • Thermal mass
                                                                               Plan
     • Point? Water, height


                                                                               Section




                                                                               Elevation

                                                                                                                              36




                                                                                                                                         12
5/19/2012




Houz-khaneh (living room)
• Econ. status
• Decoration
• Opening
• Fountain
• Point?JW Marriott
•


                              Evaporative cooling,
                              stack ventilation

               Low pressure




                                                                         37




Houz-khaneh
• Palm tree
• Clerestory, daylight
• Latticed opening




                                                                         38




Houz-khaneh, Baudgeer, Kashan, Iran




                                       Beauty, proportion and function
                                                                         39




                                                                                    13
5/19/2012




Houz-khaneh
• Flower
• Reflection




  Yazd


                                  40




Sardab (basement)
 • Location
 • Temperature, underground
 • 12 to 4
 • Ventilation, doors, shutters
 • Damp walls
 • Under ground water, qanats
 • Point? Hillside homes, mold




                                  41




Winter Living Area and Kitchen
 • Room location
 • Length of the season
 • Kitchen location
 • Windows, shade
 • Size
 • Height
 • Braziers or korsi
 • Point? Efficient
   use of your home




                                  42




                                             14
5/19/2012




Materials
• Sun dried adobe, salt
    •   High heat storage capacity and
        low heat conductivity: Thermal lag
• Kah-gel or plaster of clay and straw
• White plaster to reflect heat
• Wood/ screen




                                             43




Structural System
• Bearing wall, thermal mass
• Barrel roof
• Dome roof
    • Heat distribution




                                             44




Alleys
• Shade
• Breeze
• Maze
• Roof
• Source of cool air
• Point?
  Norman Foster in Abu Dhabi




                                             45




                                                        15
5/19/2012




Baghe Golshan
 • Main park (Persian garden)
     • Four gardens
 • Two stream
 • Water feature
 • Water fountain
 • Water fall
                                      Section




         Arial Photo                  Site plan    46




Baghe Golshan (main park)
 • Vanishing edge pool was
 an efficient way to go
 • Stream passes through
   park entry and moves
   toward the city
                                          Kashan




Kashan

                                                   47




Yakh-chal (Ice pit), Tabas
   For storing ice
      Desert
      Middle of summer, next winter
   Location, less expensive
   Domed shape, above ground
   Underground storage space
   Cover the ceiling




                                                   48




                                                              16
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Yakh-chal (Ice pit)
  Many parts of the world
  Mastered the technique, 400 B.C. idea as old
  as 1700 B.C. in this area
  Above ground dome, up to 60’ for cooling
  Underground space, up to 150,000 C.F.
  with deep storage space




                                                 49




Yakh-chal (Ice pit) Construction

   Materials:
      Thick mud brick (adobe), walls up to 7
      feet thick at the base
      Mortar called Sarooj: sand, clay, egg
      whites, lime, goat hair, and ash in
      specific proportions
          Resistant to heat transfer
          Water impenetrable, Dam
   Trench to catch melted ice




                                                 50




Yakh-chal (Ice pit)
How does it work?

  Storing ice and snow of
  the mountains
  Shallow pools on the
  north side of a tall, east
  west wall
  Transferring ice into the
  deep ice pit




                                                 51




                                                            17
5/19/2012




Yakh-chal (Ice pit)
  Straw and mat
  Different kind of ice
       Glass ice for drinking
       Ice cream, falodeh
  Ice for everybody
  Point? Reducing HVAC load
  for large project in the hot
  desert area




                                                                                      52




 Karevansara, Chahar deh,Tabas
   Karevan-sara, caravan-house
   Lodging, loading or landing of
   the caravans
   Storing goods and commercial
   exchange, post office
   Travelling time, 2 to10 am,
   5 to 11pm, not extreme




                                 Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
                                                                                      53




 Karevansara, Khan, Tabas
   Hot and dry area
   Square or rectangle
   Courtyard, veranda
   Baudgeer, south
   Copula
   Roof opening
   Design inspiration
   Stable
   Motel, 20 in Tabas




                                 Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
                                                                                      54




                                                                                                 18
5/19/2012




Karvansara, Meidan, Tabas
  Stable ceiling opening
  Height at lobby
  Water, qanat, well tower
  Stay free, pay for food
  Point? Motels, ventilation, shade, env.




                                               Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
                                                                                                    55




Karevansara, Abbasi Hotel,Isfahan
  300 years ago
  Courtyard and verandas
  Height on the south side
  Three story
  Water feature




       Source: http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En
                                                                                                    56




Karevansara, Abbasi Hotel,Isfahan
  Interior
  Beautiful, enchanting and relaxing
  Tea in the courtyard




       Source: http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En
                                                                                                    57




                                                                                                               19
5/19/2012




Benefits & drawbacks, local materials
• Shear strength in adobe
• 7.9 magnitude earthquake
• 22,000 died




       Tabas After Earth Quake, 1978
                                        58




Santa Fe


       Designs
  and similarities to
 Persian architecture


                                        59




Santa Fe, New Mexico




                                        60




                                                   20
5/19/2012




Santa Fe, New Mexico




                                61




Iran? Santa Fe?
                 Abyane, Iran




                                62




Santa Fe? Iran?

 Taos Santa Fe




                                63




                                           21
5/19/2012




                                                                       Masooleh, Iran


           Iran? Santa Fe?
                                      Masooleh Iran
                                                                                   B
                                                  A




Santa Fe                                                     Naiband Tabas, Iran




                                                                                   C
D

                                                                                        64




           Similarities, coincidence or an inspiration
            Age
            Similarities
              • Mountain shape or irregular
                 pyramid
              • Adobe: puddle, brick
              • Flat roof, dome roof, wood

                                                                      Santa Fe
             Abyaneh, Iran



                                                  Santa Fe




              Early architecture in New Mexico
             by Bainbridge Bunting
                                                                                        65
             Francisco Uvino




           Similarities, coincidence or an inspiration
               • Courtyard, early houses in trail
               • Privacy, ladder
               • South facing
               • Window size
               • Bread oven, blue color
               • Narrow streets
               • Plaza
           • Differences
               • No arches
               • Protection from wind
            Coincidence?


                                                      Abyaneh, Iran

                                                                                        66




                                                                                                   22
5/19/2012




Santa Fe NM
In harmony
  Nature
  Climate
  People
  Energy efficient?




                                                       67




We are building a new civilization
 Cheap energy
Spoiled by HVAC
Changing our behaviors, thanks to H.E.C of last year
Experiment and start from scratch
Historical examples, new techniques
      Santa Fe
Healthier




                                                       68




Innovative uses of the same strategy
         in new buildings

     July 12th July 12 San Diego
     Temp: Max: 75° Min: 52°
                    F       F
     Humidity : 75%
     Wind:14 mph W

     July 12th Tabas
     Temp: Max: 106’° Min: 68°
                     F        F
     Humidity : 9%
     Wind: 14 mph NNE




           San Diego weather pattern in the chart

                                                       69




                                                                  23
5/19/2012




Passive Solar Design in S.D.
     Natural resources; wind, sun, water,
        Thermal mass and landscape
        Orientation, orientation, orientation
         South facing windows
         Ventilation
           • Cross
           • Stack
        Shade
        Thermal mass
        Natural day-light
        Landscape
        Tight envelope, insulation

                                                     70




Value of architects
Architect role




                                                71




Value of architects
Revision clouds




                                                72




                                                                24
5/19/2012




Which one is more Green?

                        A




              B




                                        73




Without a knowledgeable architect!!!!




                                        74




Without a knowledgeable architect!!!!




                                        75




                                                   25
5/19/2012




                                         Rob Quigley Architect

 Children Museum, San Diego
   Baudgeer concept (as cooling chimney)
   Exhaust ventilation




                                                                  76




                                         EHDD Architecture
                                         Rumsey Engineers
 Carnegie Center,               Global Ecology in Stanford


   Baudgeer
   Shade
   Cross ventilation




                                     Prevailing Winds
                                     85` F. 36% R.H.
                                          Spray ring



                                    Dense, Cool Air
                                    Fills Lobby
                                    59` F. 85% R.H.



A California Building Revives Traditional Middle Eastern Design
                                                                  77




 Mission Style Spanish Architecture




                                                                  78




                                                                             26
5/19/2012




                              CII-Godrej GBC

J.W. Marriott, Palm Desert
 Courtyard
 Water feature
 Water falls




                                                         79




Twirling Tower             Orchid Plaza
By David Fisher in Dubai   Bahrain

  Wind powered             Electricity generating wind tower




                                                         80




                              Gerber architect Germany

Burj al-Taqa, Dubai
 High-tech baudgeer
 Wind driven ventilation
 Central atrium
 Dbl layered façade for
 shade w/solar panel




                                                         81




                                                                     27
5/19/2012




Santa Fe NM
 In harmony
   Nature
   Climate
   People
   Energy efficient?




                                                              82




             Louis Kahn architect

Salk Institute, La Jolla
  Persian gardens and water feature




                                       CII-Godrej GBC India
                                        Wind tower
                                        HVAC load             83




                                      AS +GG Architect of Chicago

Masdar Headquarters, Abu Dhabi
  Baudgeer concept, exhaust ventilation




                                                              84




                                                                          28
5/19/2012




                                                          David Fanchon

'The Pearl' dome house
Passive solar design with a touch of high-tech




                                                                                  85




                                              Foster & Partners

Masdar Development Abu Dhabi 2007
 Narrow streets
 Shading
     Windows
     Exterior walls
     Walkways
 Wind towers
 Thick-walled buildings
 Courtyards




                    http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx   86




                                              Foster & Partners

Masdar Development Abu Dhabi 2007
  Vegetation, Green parks
  Generally walkable city
  Northeast-southwest
   orientation
  Underground public
   transportation
  Indirect daylight, cupola
  70 degree cooler, envir.




                                   Lowest possible carbon footprint
                    http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx
                                                                                  87




                                                                                             29
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                                       French architects Ateliers Lion

    French school, Damascus, Syria
      Baudgeer concept, exhaust ventilation
      Black-painted polycarbonate sheet
      Natural ventilation, court yard, removable shade
      Earth ducts, thermal mass




A Damascus School Revives Traditional Iranian Cooling Techniques
                                                                                             88




                                             Architect: S.O.M.

    National Commercial Bank - Jeddah, S. A.
      Courtyard, vertical
         solid to the outside
         opens up to the cooler
          courtyard in the middle
      Shading
         Windows




                                   http://www.carboun.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/1.jpg
                                                                                             89




                                             MSA & Assoc. Inc.

    Coyne Residence, La Jolla 1990
                                                                             New
      Existing building
      West facing windows
      Strategic location
      of windows
      Cross ventilation
                       Existing




                                                                                             90




                                                                                                        30
5/19/2012




                                       MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Coyne Residence, La Jolla 1990
 Strategic location
 of windows
 Overhang
 Shade
 Daylight
 Cross ventilation




                                                           91




                                       MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Vajda Residence, Rancho Santa Fe Covenant
 South facing windows
 West facing windows
 Cross ventilation
 HVAC usage?




                                               Before




             After


                                                           92




                                       MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Vajda Residence, Rancho Santa Fe Covenant
 South facing windows
 Shade




                      Before   After




   After

                                                           93




                                                                      31
5/19/2012




                         MSA & Assoc. Inc.

David Residence, La Jolla
 South facing windows
 Shade
 Court yard
 Cupola




                                             94




                               Assoc.
                         MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Vista Mar Residence, Pacific Beach 2000
 West facing lot
 Great view
 No buyer for 2 years
 Small flat area
 Low cost solution
 Waste reduction




                                             95




                               Assoc.
                         MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Vista Mar Residence, Pacific Beach 2000
 South facing windows
 West facing windows?
 Overhangs
 Cross ventilation
 HVAC?




                                             96




                                                        32
5/19/2012




                            MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Soledad Home, Pacific Beach
 South facing windows
 Cross ventilation
 Stack ventilation
 Fan




                                                  97




                            MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Chalcedony, Pacific Beach
 South facing windows
 Shade
 Cross ventilation
 Exhaust ventilation




                                                  98




                            MSA & Assoc. Inc.

La Jolla Residence, La Jolla
 South facing windows
 Cross ventilation                       Before
 Daylight
 Courtyard
 Umbrella


                                       After




                                                  99




                                                             33
5/19/2012




                                                MSA & Assoc. Inc.

La Jolla Residence, La Jolla
 South facing
 windows
 Use of shade
 Water
 Courtyard
 Daylight
 Umbrellas

                                                            After




                               Before



                                                                    100




                                                MSA & Assoc. Inc.

La Jolla Residence, La Jolla
                                        After

 Courtyard
 North facing windows
          Before




                                                   Before




                       After
                                                                    101




                                                MSA & Assoc. Inc.

CSS, San Bernardino, Ca. 1990
 Steel manufacturing
   • Warehouse
   • Office bldg
   • 30,000 S.F.
 Stack ventilation
      Summer heat
 Daylight




                                                                    102




                                                                                34
5/19/2012




                           MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Ten in rows, Linda Vista
 South facing windows
 Use of shade
 Cross ventilation
 Exhaust ventilation
 Daylight




                                               103




                           MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Ten in rows, Linda Vista
 South facing windows
 Use of shade
 Cross ventilation
 Exhaust ventilation
 Daylight
 Possible, solar panel




                                               104




                           MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Jamshidi, La Jolla
 On the board
 West view/ main view
 Use of shade
 Cross ventilation
 Exhaust ventilation
 Daylight




                                               105




                                                           35
5/19/2012




                                              MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Jamshidi, La Jolla
 South and north facing windows
 Skylight
 Daylight
 Ceiling plan
 Solar water heater
 Solar panel for floor heating




                                                                  106




                                              MSA & Assoc. Inc.

Jamshidi, La Jolla
 Cross ventilation in basement
 Exhaust ventilation
 Daylight
 water efficient landscaping
 Tight envelope




                                                                  107




Green Building Design- Passive solar
  Natural resources; wind, sun, water thermal mass and
landscape
      Orientation, orientation, orientation
      South facing windows
      Ventilation
       • Cross
       • Stack
      Shade
      Thermal mass
      Natural day-light
      Landscape
      Insulation
      Tight envelope
                                                                  108




                                                                              36
5/19/2012




Low cost energy saving solutions
1. Behavioural change
2. Check orientation
         •   Locate your windows
3. Summer:
         •   Daylight
         •   Ventilation
         •   Shade for south
         •   West and east
4. Winter:
         •   Open south facing windows
         •   Daylight


                                                                                        109




Low cost energy saving solutions
5. Thermal mass
         •   Area rug
6. Landscape
         •   Deciduous trees
         •   West and east facing windows
7. Insulation
         •   Tight envelope
8. Changing windows
         •   Dbl glaze, south facing
9. Water in dry climates
10. Remodel based on your budget
     and Passive solar
                                                                                        110




Resources
 Master Theses research by Simi Razavian, Lila Khalvati and Fereshteh Asefi.
 Gardens of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
 Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
 Early architecture in New Mexico by Bainbridge Bunting
 Urban structure and architecture in the hot arid zone of Iran by Mahmoud Tavassoli
 http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=1040
 http://www.gulfweeklyworldwide.com/article.asp?Sn=5536&Article=19304
 www.lightningcanyon.com/pages/passive-solar/introduction_passive_solar.html
 www.inhabitat.com/2007/05/16/david-fishers-twirling-wind-power-tower/
 Viability of wind towers in achieving summer comfort in the hot arid regeions of the
middle east By Mehdi N. Bahadori Professor of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of
Technology Tehran, Iran
 Three dimensional numerical investigation of air flow over domed roofs by: Ahmadreza
K.Faghih and,MehdiN .B ahadori School of Mechanical Engineering,SharifU niversity of
Technology,Tehran,Iran




                                                                                        111




                                                                                                    37
5/19/2012




Resources
  historicaliran.blogspot.com/2010/02/abyaneh-village.html
  www.carboun.com/sustainable-development/sustainable-design/a-damascus-
 school-revives-traditional-cooling-techniques/#more-1495
  http:/www.carboun.com/?s=Carnegie+Center,++Global+Ecology+in+Stanford+
  http://www.eartharchitecture.org/index.php?/archives/1045-Yakhchal-Ancient-
 Refrigerators.html
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakhchal
  http://www.mytholia.org/wiki/index.php/Yakhchal
  http://heritage-key.com/site/ice-house-abarku-abarqu
  http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En
 http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9
 %86%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7
  Islamic architecture: form, function and meaning, Robert Hillenbrand (Author)




                                                                                                                  112




Resources
  http://travelingrainvilles.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8357fa03b69e2010535b84a2a97
 0b-popup
   http://wchpgrte.blogspot.com/2010/05/western-center-for-historic.html
  http://brothaluvacafe.blogspot.com/2009/05/santa-fe-new-mexico-apr-may-
 2009.html
  http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/arts/design/26masdar.html
  http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx




                                                                                                                  113




Speaker
  Simi Razavian Architect, LEED AP, CGBP, CNE
  Master of Science in Architecture and Urban Design with Emphasis on Passive Solar
  Design and Vernacular Architecture of Tabas, Iran
  Co- founder of MSA & Assoc. Inc. in 1987
  Licensed Architect in the State of California
  Certified Green Building Professional
  Speaker at :
         Mesa College Dec 5th, 2011, La Jolla Library Sep 20th 2011 HP (Hewlett-Packard), Jan 20th
         2011,SIAP Nov.11th, La Jolla Library Nov 3rd 2010, New Mexico Solar Energy Association Sep 11
         2010, UCSD Osher program July 15th, 2010, iWIA San Diego July 12th, 2010, Notre Dame
         University, School of Architecture, April 23rd, 2009, La Jolla Library July 13th, 2009, AIA Convention
         May 2nd, 2009, CCSE, WIA San Diego, April 2009


Contact Information
Simi Razavian Hemmati
Email: simi@msahome.com
Website: www.msahome.com
Tel: 858 459 8250

                                                                                                                  114




                                                                                                                              38

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Sustainable Architecture Without Architects

  • 1. 5/19/2012 Sustainable Architecture without Architects How the people of a small town on the cross road to the silk road in Persia used micro-climate and their local materials to create energy-efficient homes Simi Razavian Hemmati Architect LEED AP, CGBP, CNE Website: www.msahome.com Email: simi@msahome.com Tel: 858 459 8250 1 Sustainable Architecture without Architects in Tabas, Iran (Persia) This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. 2 Learning Objectives Passive solar design Assess how they have used sun, wind, water, Landscape and thermal mass to transform a harsh natural environment into comfortable spaces Evaluate innovative uses of local material in their buildings Santa Fe architecture and similarities to Persian architecture Observe the use of these techniques in modern architecture 3 1
  • 2. 5/19/2012 What is a Green Building? How many LEED APs? Architects, M. Engineers, Passive solar design Based on USGBC (US Green Building Council), points Location, location A Building design Indoor-environmental quality Windows and doors Water efficiency Energy efficiency Green building materials Insulation Renewable energy Landscaping 4 Energy efficiency? 5 Passive Solar Design? Heating and cooling without mechanical system The sun, its light and heat, is one of the big players, name Especially in San Diego, HVAC load, solar panel cost Principles: Orientation Orientation Orientation Shading Glazing Thermal mass Insulation Ventilation Landscaping 6 2
  • 3. 5/19/2012 Micro Climate: San Diego Coastal, cross ventilation, passive heating Inland, cross ventilation, shade, passive heating Mountain, passive heating Desert, shade, evaporative cooling 7 Orientation Sun path during summer and winter Winter http://oikos.com www.lightningcanyon.com Summer Mesa Verde Colorado Maximize south facing windows 8 Orientation Site planning Maximize south facing windows At least buy one http://www.netspeed.com.au/abeccs/newington/newington%20design.htm 9 3
  • 4. 5/19/2012 Shading Outside Southern wall, overhangs Reduces intense light and glare East and west windows Hyatt, Sedona 10 Glazing and day lighting Location South and north facing walls Pleasant atmosphere Elevates mood Reduces depression Reduces electricity cost 11 Thermal mass Winter time: Absorbs and stores the heat during the day then radiates the heat at night with a delayed effect and moderately. Summer time: Absorbs nighttime coolness and release it slowly during the hot days. Tile, stone, concrete floor Masonry or tile fire place surround Concrete or tile countertops Concrete mass walls Pond roof Light color painted wall to reflect on the floor Do not throw rugs on the floor. Fade? 12 4
  • 5. 5/19/2012 Ventilation Controlled movement of air through a building not a leak/ tight envelope • Cross • Stack Evaporative cooling in arid area increases humidity, comfort • “By evaporating water, the air is cooled more than by flow alone: it takes a relatively large amount of heat to vaporize water” Cross ventilation Stack ventilation Venturi effect Stair well, clear story, attic 13 Landscaping Landscape Architect’s role Wind break Natural air conditioner builditsolar.com Creating shade, west and east facing 14 Do we follow 2000 year old design rules? 15 5
  • 6. 5/19/2012 Desert Micro Climate! 16 Desert Micro Climate! Hostile environment Very little vegetation Almost no rainfall Sand storms Loss of life Not popular with travellers Vast area with few roads Marco Polo in 13th century • Lack of water, heat and vicious sand Summer temperature up to 120° F Winter temperature dips below -4 °F Temperatures soar in the sun, but drop rapidly at dusk 17 Comfort Zone Chart for Tabas Building bio-climatic chart by Milne and Givoni July 12th Tabas Temp: Max: 106’° Min: 68° F F Humidity : 9% Wind: 14 mph NNE 18 6
  • 7. 5/19/2012 Materials Earth 1/3 of population, 1/2 in developing countries Architect Gernot Minke Straw White plaster Wood 19 Why did we chose to study Tabas? • A small city • An oasis in the desert, architecturally significant •“Pearl of Persian cities” •“Bride of Persian cities” • Used to exist 20 Why Tabas became important? • Connection to silk road • South and North cities • “Karevan Sara” or Motels • Source of water • Coal mines • Compare to Santa Fe IRAN 21 7
  • 8. 5/19/2012 Tabas, the city planning, m.c. elements • Wind direction • Prevailing, north west • Saam, sand storm, south east • Water, east to west • Water storage • Main road direction • Buildings, north, south • Farms, source of cool breeze • Point? Masdar city 22 Tabas, how it became an oasis? • Existence of water • Efficient use of water • Love of planting trees • Shade • Distance, driving • Fruit, vegetables 23 Tree Preservation 24 8
  • 9. 5/19/2012 These are the spaces they formed! • Summer living area • E`ivan (covered patio or veranda) • Courtyards (with water feature and planters) • Baudgeers (wind scoops or wind catchers) • Kitchen and storage • Hoaz-khane (living room) • Winter living area • Sardab (basement) • Hashti (eight sided vestibule) 25 Typical Floor Plan • Season • Compact • Summer, winter area • Courtyard • Architectural elements • Four seasons • Cross ventilation 26 Summer Living Area Tabas • Location • Elaborate • Windows • Height • Point? Vaulted or high ceiling 27 9
  • 10. 5/19/2012 Summer Living Area Kashan 28 E’ivan (covered porch or veranda) • Main element • Location • Shade • Stand alone • Usage time • Day to day work • Clay jugs • Point? Dripper 29 Courtyard • Location • Steps • Materials • Water • Well of cold air • Reservoir of coolness • Point? Privacy, shade 30 10
  • 11. 5/19/2012 Courtyard • Water features • Citrus fruit trees • Palm trees • Covered courtyard • Walls, wind break • US Department of Energy, up to 25°F cooler • Point? • Privacy • west facing window 31 Baudgeer (wind catcher, ventilation shaft) • Unique, important • 4000 B.C. • Opening on sides • One or three sided • Breath • Cool winds • 8’ – 20’ • Point? Large bldg with good breeze but no vent 32 Baudgeer • Location Low income • Basement • Divisions, Venturi effect • Low income 33 11
  • 12. 5/19/2012 Baudgeer (wind catcher, ventilation shaft, wind scoop) Temperature change Ventilation How does it work? By Mr M. Bahadori pathways produce air pressures • Windy day and night • Stormy day hot air rising by convection Up draf t Creates Stack effect • Early morning no wind Like a chimney • Late afternoon no wind • Wet straw Hot day in the afternoon no wind Air movement: Chimney effect • Pressure difference High press. Down draft • Suction Stack effect • The Venturi effect • Convection • Hot air rises Temperature change Low press. produce air pressures difference in air pressure generates air flow Sensible cooling 34 Baudgeer (wind catcher, ventilation shaft) • Enclosure • Sand settlement • Protection • Point? Chimney 35 Ventilation pathways Houz-khaneh (living room) • Favorite • Water feature • Height • Cross ventilation • Baudgeer, center • Thermal mass Plan • Point? Water, height Section Elevation 36 12
  • 13. 5/19/2012 Houz-khaneh (living room) • Econ. status • Decoration • Opening • Fountain • Point?JW Marriott • Evaporative cooling, stack ventilation Low pressure 37 Houz-khaneh • Palm tree • Clerestory, daylight • Latticed opening 38 Houz-khaneh, Baudgeer, Kashan, Iran Beauty, proportion and function 39 13
  • 14. 5/19/2012 Houz-khaneh • Flower • Reflection Yazd 40 Sardab (basement) • Location • Temperature, underground • 12 to 4 • Ventilation, doors, shutters • Damp walls • Under ground water, qanats • Point? Hillside homes, mold 41 Winter Living Area and Kitchen • Room location • Length of the season • Kitchen location • Windows, shade • Size • Height • Braziers or korsi • Point? Efficient use of your home 42 14
  • 15. 5/19/2012 Materials • Sun dried adobe, salt • High heat storage capacity and low heat conductivity: Thermal lag • Kah-gel or plaster of clay and straw • White plaster to reflect heat • Wood/ screen 43 Structural System • Bearing wall, thermal mass • Barrel roof • Dome roof • Heat distribution 44 Alleys • Shade • Breeze • Maze • Roof • Source of cool air • Point? Norman Foster in Abu Dhabi 45 15
  • 16. 5/19/2012 Baghe Golshan • Main park (Persian garden) • Four gardens • Two stream • Water feature • Water fountain • Water fall Section Arial Photo Site plan 46 Baghe Golshan (main park) • Vanishing edge pool was an efficient way to go • Stream passes through park entry and moves toward the city Kashan Kashan 47 Yakh-chal (Ice pit), Tabas For storing ice Desert Middle of summer, next winter Location, less expensive Domed shape, above ground Underground storage space Cover the ceiling 48 16
  • 17. 5/19/2012 Yakh-chal (Ice pit) Many parts of the world Mastered the technique, 400 B.C. idea as old as 1700 B.C. in this area Above ground dome, up to 60’ for cooling Underground space, up to 150,000 C.F. with deep storage space 49 Yakh-chal (Ice pit) Construction Materials: Thick mud brick (adobe), walls up to 7 feet thick at the base Mortar called Sarooj: sand, clay, egg whites, lime, goat hair, and ash in specific proportions Resistant to heat transfer Water impenetrable, Dam Trench to catch melted ice 50 Yakh-chal (Ice pit) How does it work? Storing ice and snow of the mountains Shallow pools on the north side of a tall, east west wall Transferring ice into the deep ice pit 51 17
  • 18. 5/19/2012 Yakh-chal (Ice pit) Straw and mat Different kind of ice Glass ice for drinking Ice cream, falodeh Ice for everybody Point? Reducing HVAC load for large project in the hot desert area 52 Karevansara, Chahar deh,Tabas Karevan-sara, caravan-house Lodging, loading or landing of the caravans Storing goods and commercial exchange, post office Travelling time, 2 to10 am, 5 to 11pm, not extreme Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost 53 Karevansara, Khan, Tabas Hot and dry area Square or rectangle Courtyard, veranda Baudgeer, south Copula Roof opening Design inspiration Stable Motel, 20 in Tabas Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost 54 18
  • 19. 5/19/2012 Karvansara, Meidan, Tabas Stable ceiling opening Height at lobby Water, qanat, well tower Stay free, pay for food Point? Motels, ventilation, shade, env. Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost 55 Karevansara, Abbasi Hotel,Isfahan 300 years ago Courtyard and verandas Height on the south side Three story Water feature Source: http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En 56 Karevansara, Abbasi Hotel,Isfahan Interior Beautiful, enchanting and relaxing Tea in the courtyard Source: http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En 57 19
  • 20. 5/19/2012 Benefits & drawbacks, local materials • Shear strength in adobe • 7.9 magnitude earthquake • 22,000 died Tabas After Earth Quake, 1978 58 Santa Fe Designs and similarities to Persian architecture 59 Santa Fe, New Mexico 60 20
  • 21. 5/19/2012 Santa Fe, New Mexico 61 Iran? Santa Fe? Abyane, Iran 62 Santa Fe? Iran? Taos Santa Fe 63 21
  • 22. 5/19/2012 Masooleh, Iran Iran? Santa Fe? Masooleh Iran B A Santa Fe Naiband Tabas, Iran C D 64 Similarities, coincidence or an inspiration Age Similarities • Mountain shape or irregular pyramid • Adobe: puddle, brick • Flat roof, dome roof, wood Santa Fe Abyaneh, Iran Santa Fe Early architecture in New Mexico by Bainbridge Bunting 65 Francisco Uvino Similarities, coincidence or an inspiration • Courtyard, early houses in trail • Privacy, ladder • South facing • Window size • Bread oven, blue color • Narrow streets • Plaza • Differences • No arches • Protection from wind Coincidence? Abyaneh, Iran 66 22
  • 23. 5/19/2012 Santa Fe NM In harmony Nature Climate People Energy efficient? 67 We are building a new civilization Cheap energy Spoiled by HVAC Changing our behaviors, thanks to H.E.C of last year Experiment and start from scratch Historical examples, new techniques Santa Fe Healthier 68 Innovative uses of the same strategy in new buildings July 12th July 12 San Diego Temp: Max: 75° Min: 52° F F Humidity : 75% Wind:14 mph W July 12th Tabas Temp: Max: 106’° Min: 68° F F Humidity : 9% Wind: 14 mph NNE San Diego weather pattern in the chart 69 23
  • 24. 5/19/2012 Passive Solar Design in S.D. Natural resources; wind, sun, water, Thermal mass and landscape Orientation, orientation, orientation South facing windows Ventilation • Cross • Stack Shade Thermal mass Natural day-light Landscape Tight envelope, insulation 70 Value of architects Architect role 71 Value of architects Revision clouds 72 24
  • 25. 5/19/2012 Which one is more Green? A B 73 Without a knowledgeable architect!!!! 74 Without a knowledgeable architect!!!! 75 25
  • 26. 5/19/2012 Rob Quigley Architect Children Museum, San Diego Baudgeer concept (as cooling chimney) Exhaust ventilation 76 EHDD Architecture Rumsey Engineers Carnegie Center, Global Ecology in Stanford Baudgeer Shade Cross ventilation Prevailing Winds 85` F. 36% R.H. Spray ring Dense, Cool Air Fills Lobby 59` F. 85% R.H. A California Building Revives Traditional Middle Eastern Design 77 Mission Style Spanish Architecture 78 26
  • 27. 5/19/2012 CII-Godrej GBC J.W. Marriott, Palm Desert Courtyard Water feature Water falls 79 Twirling Tower Orchid Plaza By David Fisher in Dubai Bahrain Wind powered Electricity generating wind tower 80 Gerber architect Germany Burj al-Taqa, Dubai High-tech baudgeer Wind driven ventilation Central atrium Dbl layered façade for shade w/solar panel 81 27
  • 28. 5/19/2012 Santa Fe NM In harmony Nature Climate People Energy efficient? 82 Louis Kahn architect Salk Institute, La Jolla Persian gardens and water feature CII-Godrej GBC India Wind tower HVAC load 83 AS +GG Architect of Chicago Masdar Headquarters, Abu Dhabi Baudgeer concept, exhaust ventilation 84 28
  • 29. 5/19/2012 David Fanchon 'The Pearl' dome house Passive solar design with a touch of high-tech 85 Foster & Partners Masdar Development Abu Dhabi 2007 Narrow streets Shading Windows Exterior walls Walkways Wind towers Thick-walled buildings Courtyards http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx 86 Foster & Partners Masdar Development Abu Dhabi 2007 Vegetation, Green parks Generally walkable city Northeast-southwest orientation Underground public transportation Indirect daylight, cupola 70 degree cooler, envir. Lowest possible carbon footprint http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx 87 29
  • 30. 5/19/2012 French architects Ateliers Lion French school, Damascus, Syria Baudgeer concept, exhaust ventilation Black-painted polycarbonate sheet Natural ventilation, court yard, removable shade Earth ducts, thermal mass A Damascus School Revives Traditional Iranian Cooling Techniques 88 Architect: S.O.M. National Commercial Bank - Jeddah, S. A. Courtyard, vertical solid to the outside opens up to the cooler courtyard in the middle Shading Windows http://www.carboun.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/1.jpg 89 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Coyne Residence, La Jolla 1990 New Existing building West facing windows Strategic location of windows Cross ventilation Existing 90 30
  • 31. 5/19/2012 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Coyne Residence, La Jolla 1990 Strategic location of windows Overhang Shade Daylight Cross ventilation 91 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Vajda Residence, Rancho Santa Fe Covenant South facing windows West facing windows Cross ventilation HVAC usage? Before After 92 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Vajda Residence, Rancho Santa Fe Covenant South facing windows Shade Before After After 93 31
  • 32. 5/19/2012 MSA & Assoc. Inc. David Residence, La Jolla South facing windows Shade Court yard Cupola 94 Assoc. MSA & Assoc. Inc. Vista Mar Residence, Pacific Beach 2000 West facing lot Great view No buyer for 2 years Small flat area Low cost solution Waste reduction 95 Assoc. MSA & Assoc. Inc. Vista Mar Residence, Pacific Beach 2000 South facing windows West facing windows? Overhangs Cross ventilation HVAC? 96 32
  • 33. 5/19/2012 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Soledad Home, Pacific Beach South facing windows Cross ventilation Stack ventilation Fan 97 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Chalcedony, Pacific Beach South facing windows Shade Cross ventilation Exhaust ventilation 98 MSA & Assoc. Inc. La Jolla Residence, La Jolla South facing windows Cross ventilation Before Daylight Courtyard Umbrella After 99 33
  • 34. 5/19/2012 MSA & Assoc. Inc. La Jolla Residence, La Jolla South facing windows Use of shade Water Courtyard Daylight Umbrellas After Before 100 MSA & Assoc. Inc. La Jolla Residence, La Jolla After Courtyard North facing windows Before Before After 101 MSA & Assoc. Inc. CSS, San Bernardino, Ca. 1990 Steel manufacturing • Warehouse • Office bldg • 30,000 S.F. Stack ventilation Summer heat Daylight 102 34
  • 35. 5/19/2012 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Ten in rows, Linda Vista South facing windows Use of shade Cross ventilation Exhaust ventilation Daylight 103 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Ten in rows, Linda Vista South facing windows Use of shade Cross ventilation Exhaust ventilation Daylight Possible, solar panel 104 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Jamshidi, La Jolla On the board West view/ main view Use of shade Cross ventilation Exhaust ventilation Daylight 105 35
  • 36. 5/19/2012 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Jamshidi, La Jolla South and north facing windows Skylight Daylight Ceiling plan Solar water heater Solar panel for floor heating 106 MSA & Assoc. Inc. Jamshidi, La Jolla Cross ventilation in basement Exhaust ventilation Daylight water efficient landscaping Tight envelope 107 Green Building Design- Passive solar Natural resources; wind, sun, water thermal mass and landscape Orientation, orientation, orientation South facing windows Ventilation • Cross • Stack Shade Thermal mass Natural day-light Landscape Insulation Tight envelope 108 36
  • 37. 5/19/2012 Low cost energy saving solutions 1. Behavioural change 2. Check orientation • Locate your windows 3. Summer: • Daylight • Ventilation • Shade for south • West and east 4. Winter: • Open south facing windows • Daylight 109 Low cost energy saving solutions 5. Thermal mass • Area rug 6. Landscape • Deciduous trees • West and east facing windows 7. Insulation • Tight envelope 8. Changing windows • Dbl glaze, south facing 9. Water in dry climates 10. Remodel based on your budget and Passive solar 110 Resources Master Theses research by Simi Razavian, Lila Khalvati and Fereshteh Asefi. Gardens of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost Early architecture in New Mexico by Bainbridge Bunting Urban structure and architecture in the hot arid zone of Iran by Mahmoud Tavassoli http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=1040 http://www.gulfweeklyworldwide.com/article.asp?Sn=5536&Article=19304 www.lightningcanyon.com/pages/passive-solar/introduction_passive_solar.html www.inhabitat.com/2007/05/16/david-fishers-twirling-wind-power-tower/ Viability of wind towers in achieving summer comfort in the hot arid regeions of the middle east By Mehdi N. Bahadori Professor of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran, Iran Three dimensional numerical investigation of air flow over domed roofs by: Ahmadreza K.Faghih and,MehdiN .B ahadori School of Mechanical Engineering,SharifU niversity of Technology,Tehran,Iran 111 37
  • 38. 5/19/2012 Resources historicaliran.blogspot.com/2010/02/abyaneh-village.html www.carboun.com/sustainable-development/sustainable-design/a-damascus- school-revives-traditional-cooling-techniques/#more-1495 http:/www.carboun.com/?s=Carnegie+Center,++Global+Ecology+in+Stanford+ http://www.eartharchitecture.org/index.php?/archives/1045-Yakhchal-Ancient- Refrigerators.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakhchal http://www.mytholia.org/wiki/index.php/Yakhchal http://heritage-key.com/site/ice-house-abarku-abarqu http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9 %86%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7 Islamic architecture: form, function and meaning, Robert Hillenbrand (Author) 112 Resources http://travelingrainvilles.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8357fa03b69e2010535b84a2a97 0b-popup http://wchpgrte.blogspot.com/2010/05/western-center-for-historic.html http://brothaluvacafe.blogspot.com/2009/05/santa-fe-new-mexico-apr-may- 2009.html http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/arts/design/26masdar.html http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx 113 Speaker Simi Razavian Architect, LEED AP, CGBP, CNE Master of Science in Architecture and Urban Design with Emphasis on Passive Solar Design and Vernacular Architecture of Tabas, Iran Co- founder of MSA & Assoc. Inc. in 1987 Licensed Architect in the State of California Certified Green Building Professional Speaker at : Mesa College Dec 5th, 2011, La Jolla Library Sep 20th 2011 HP (Hewlett-Packard), Jan 20th 2011,SIAP Nov.11th, La Jolla Library Nov 3rd 2010, New Mexico Solar Energy Association Sep 11 2010, UCSD Osher program July 15th, 2010, iWIA San Diego July 12th, 2010, Notre Dame University, School of Architecture, April 23rd, 2009, La Jolla Library July 13th, 2009, AIA Convention May 2nd, 2009, CCSE, WIA San Diego, April 2009 Contact Information Simi Razavian Hemmati Email: simi@msahome.com Website: www.msahome.com Tel: 858 459 8250 114 38