Essay On European Imperialism In Brazil

Essay On European Imperialism In Brazil
After conquering Brazil, the Portuguese did not know what to do. They were good at conquering,
but unlike Spain, they had no intention of colonization. This act made Brazil akin to a broken land,
with no governmental power67.
Even though they only stayed in Brazil for ten days, Cabral and his men, along with Da Gama later,
made significant changes (most were not good) to the native life. The people of Brazil did not need
the European intervention. It is a literal truth that the Europeans did nothing but hurt to the economy
and stability of Brazil. The Europeans did not come to teach the Brazilians. The first Portuguese
explorer to meet the indigenous people was Cabral, and he came by accident. He soon realized the
riches of the area and greedily mined the Amazon forest for all it's worth. The Portuguese took
slaves of Brazil back to Europe, further destabilizing the economy and bringing an evil iron hold for
Portugal. The lack of people in Brazil and the "new" infrastructure was very puzzling for the
Brazilians. They did not need change, and their economy was more productive before the
Portuguese then after.
The Brazilian civilization did not and could not recover from the Portuguese invasion. Today, Brazil
is riddled with crime and slavery. Brazil's indigenous peoples have been dying since the European
invasion and colonization. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This action broke apart the rule of the natives, and, like Brazil, the Portuguese left Greenland as a
broken land until much later.74 The natives held public riots and revolts against the Portuguese to
stop slavery and to give independence, to drive the "white invaders" away. These natives were very
territorial, who did not want the Portuguese to rule them over in their own country, just like the
Brazilians and Indians. They put up a fight, but ultimately their numbers dwindled even
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Popular Musical Development And Societal Development
The Start of Tropicalismo
Popular musical development and societal development are usually parallel with one another. Artists
and musicians can change a society and have an enormous impact on how a country runs itself. A
good example of how a country can be influenced by new, innovative music would be the
Tropicalismo movement. Caetano Veloso is a Brazilian musician that started the Tropicalia
movement and created music that combined many elements of different music together, and Veloso
did this with other tropicalists. The background of Caetano Veloso, the two songs Caetano Veloso
produced, information about Tropicalia, and the background of Brazil can help us comprehend how
music has a great impact and influence on society. Tropicalia is more than just a music genre
produced in the late 1960s, but a social–political movement that radically changed the way
Brazilians saw contemporary Brazilian music.
Caetano Veloso's start as a Brazilian musician was back in 1942 when Veloso finished school in
Santa Amaro, and he moved to Salvador where he learned how to play the guitar and sing. (Veloso,
Caetano) Veloso would spend his time at bars with his sister and perform music for people's
entertainment. Veloso met Gal Costa, Gilberto Gil, and Tom Zé in 1963 where they started musical
shows as a group. (Veloso, Caetano) One of the musical shows that they started was Vila Velha
theatre with Veloso directing the theatre. In 1965, Veloso left Federal University of Bahia to go to
Rio de

Japanese Immigrants During The 19th Century
In the early 19th century, there was an increase of Japanese immigrating across the states. The first
wave of Japanese immigrant settled in Kingdom of Hawaii where they were hired as contract
laborers and worked in plantations. The second wave of immigrant came to California in the1890s.
According to Kitano, the census identified more than 110,000 Japanese on the West Coast by 1920.
To elaborate, the Japanese immigrants came as single males, and employment for them consisted of
physical difficult labor, long hours of work with bad conditions, and low–paying jobs. The
generations of the Japanese were categorized to research their historical background. Furthermore,
the first–generation immigrant were identified as the Issei, and were those ... Show more content on
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Some Issei returned to Japan as successful men, and those who stayed in the United States typically
married "picture brides". The marriages and children made the Japanese remain permanently in the
United States. Kitano stated, "The Issei lived their lives segregated from the U.S. mainstream, and
their major interactions revolved around their families and their community. Most of them acquired
just enough knowledge about the United States in order to function but left the major of
acculturation and a more secure existence to their American–born children". Moreover, the Nisei
were born between 1910 and 1940, and were more acculturated to the United States in comparison
to the Issei. The Nisei were concerned and had low expectations of their future because they
experienced discrimination and prejudice. It was difficult for the Nisei to live in the U.S. because
they were treated inferior although they were U.S. citizens. The Nisei had a strong relationship with
the U.S. and moved away from the Issei to assimilate to the American lifestyle. The Sansei were
born during or after World War II. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, many Americans became
suspicious of the Japanese and feared another attack. Prejudice influenced Americans to stereotype
the Japanese in negative ways, which lead for U.S. laws to discriminate and segregate the Japanese.
As a result, on December 7, 1941, the FBI searched and arrested "spies", including 2,192 Japanese

Dell’s Dilemma in Brazil: Negotiating at the State Level
Dell's Dilemma in Brazil: Negotiating at the State Level
Wednesday, October 3, 2012
Introduction Keith Maxwell is the Vice President in charge of Worldwide Operations, for Dell
Computer Corporation. Dell Computer's was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell in his University of
Texas dorm room, and by 1999 the company grew to market over $98Billion. Dell was the second
growing largest personal computer manufacturers, just behind Compaq in the growing PC industry.
Dell ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pros * 70% reduction for 10 years on our loan * Free Land for Plant site * Loan of R$20 million for
4 year grace period * Repayment plan of 4 years * Attracting more technological schools * Helping
rebuild the communications sector around our facilities * Having to Market ourselves even more
seeing as we would likely be more in a mining or automobile industry (mind you that could work in
both ways) (6)
Cons * Having to build all the infrastructures around our facilities, roads, housing, schools est. *
Having to bring in our work force. * Short supply of technologically advanced employees. * Having
to persuade our government colleagues that they need to sufficiently support our commitment to our
high–technological needs * Having to Market ourselves even more seeing as we would likely be
more in a mining or automobile industry (mind you that could work in both ways) (7)
Alternative #3
Dell could stay put and try to negotiate with the new governor.
PROS * It would look good for Dells image to give computers to the poor to keep up on current
events; as well, their children can learn off it. * Rio Grande do Sul is still Dell's first choice * Rio
Grande do Sul has a number of well–regarded

Country Notebook
Doris Chow
Part IV: Sections 1(D) & (E)
Promotion Mix (D) **You will need to delete in RED as it helps you piece it together as whole
Brazil boasts having a reputation of fabricating some of the world's most creative advertising
especially when it is entertaining which includes familiar venues like the United States but in
addition evening soap operas known as telenovelas and sporting events are popular and coveted
advertising space (O'Barr, 2008). Since the average Brazilian tends to watch an average of five
hours of television per day, television comprises of 59% of the media mix and the Brazilians are
overtly loyal to their evening news and telenovelas so to center their time around those events
(Millwardbrown, n.d). Other ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Costs and premiums vary depending on the product and strategy but there are three types of ad
agencies in Brazil which include multi–national agencies that also service local accounts as well,
smaller home–grown agencies that service primarily local clients and a small number of
"extraordinary successful Brazilian agencies that grew up in the last two decades and enjoy
distinction as some of the world's most creative" (O'Barr, 2008). Personal selling is usually preferred
when there is an expensive higher end product that would be best sold on a one on one personalized
contact but is often costly to train the salesperson. According to Onkvisit and Shaw (2009), personal
selling is often taught in trade or vocational schools and is not seen as a prestigious occupation and
in Brazil, salespeople are not trained well in comparison to U.S. standards. Door to door selling is
allowed in Brazil like in the U.S but for it to be successful, requires support in terms of training and
information (Onkvisit and Shaw, 2009). It could be considered as one of the more difficult methods
of promotion as excellent communication and persuasion skills are necessary. Sales promotions
customarily used in Brazil include social media groups 'twitting' about latest sales as 63 millions
Brazilians have access to

Celta
Assignment 2 – Focus on the learner LEARNER'S PROFILE Sonia Meirelles is a 27–year old
Brazilian student, in the Intermediate English class, who has been studying English for 13 months
(since August, 2011). Sonia has a degree in Biology and used to work as a biology teacher in a
regular school, however she is currently unemployed. She then decided to start taking English
lessons, so she could have more chances when trying to find a job. She enjoys the English classes as
she believes it is not only about learning a language but also about learning a different culture. After
observing the student and applying questionnaires, I could determine Sonia has high visual and
interpersonal intelligence. During classes, Sonia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Whenever she receives an email from any of the teachers she usually replies it and asks questions
related to what she could not understand (e.g.: Teacher, what does Rgds mean?) Although she is very
motivated, during the lessons she prefers to be nominated for activities. Whenever talking to the
teacher, she often asks for feedback and after making a mistake, she tries to say it again until she
feels she understood it. Specific assessment of learner's language – Strengths, weaknesses and
Analysis of Students errors Grammar: Sonia is very confident when using both present simple
(using the auxiliary verb DO in interrogative sentences and DON'T in negative sentences, placing
adverbs and conjugating the verbs with He, she and It correctly) and past simple tenses (using the
auxiliary verb DID in interrogative sentences and DIDN't in negative sentences –and the verbs in the
base form – and being aware of regular and irregular verbs). e.g.: When do you have holidays? What
does regard mean? I usually go to the beach. Jennifer... when she has holidays, she usually visits her
parents. However, she still omitts articles in her speech (e.g: I don't have boss. / I'm Biologist), and
uses " have" instead of "There is" (e.g.: Have a Science Museum in the city.) , both mistakes are
made due to L1 interference. In Portuguese, as in the

Linguistic imperialism in Brazil Essays
Linguistic imperialism is a concept used by scholar Robert Phillipson, he mostly spoke about the
imperialism of the English language, although this concept can be applied to all the world's major
international languages with imperialistic origins, when the original population had to adopt the
invader's language because of the benefits that accrue to the speakers of the languages when the
dominant language has been imposed (Phillipson 31). Linguistic imperialism in Latin America
started with the 'discovery' and the occupation of the New World by the European powers. Spanish
and Portuguese language were imposed on the local populations and therefore many indigenous
languages vanished. This essay will especially focus on Brazil and the ... Show more content on
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Therefore, the preservation and propagation of Portuguese as a national language was and still is a
matter of national security (Rajagopalan 2008: 179). From the colonial period until today the
political dimension of language and linguistic dimension of politics are both related to the notion of
power. Language is concerned with power politics or machtspolitik (Rajagopalan 2008: 180).
According to Joseph 'language is political from top to bottom' (Joseph xi).
During the colonial period, from 1500 till 1822, the Portuguese did not promoted their own
language in Brazil, in contrast to the French and British colonisers. The French were single minded
in the prosecution of their language and they were consicious of a 'civilizing mission' (Phillipson
111). Whereas the Portuguese main goals were not related to missionary or civilizing mission, they
were primarily interested in wealth and resources. At first they were not planning to actually live in
Brazil, therefore language policy was not their first concern. However this changed and more white,
Portuguese men settled down in Brazil and due to the lack of European women, married the local
women. In present Brazil 38.5% of the population is mulatto (CIA World Factbook), which is a
mixture of black and white, as a result of these mixed marriages. The new 'mulatto' generation
mainly learned to speak the language of the Tupinambá tribe, who were living along the Atlantic
Coast

Italian American Culture
With Italians traveling to America to find a new world to explore and evolve in, they found some
interesting changes, and stereotypes that ended up transforming how they acted and dealt with
Americans. Italian American culture was a transition of hardships, to learning that the American
standard was not as strict as it was in Italy. "Most of the men in our room worked at digging the
sewer. Bartolo got them the work and they paid him one quarter of their wages. Then he charged
them for board... (36 Black Boot Barn). This quote demonstrates to us, that people took advantage of
the newer Italian immigrants setting them not only a job, but shelter as well. While they were trying
to find a step to settle on, they had people who have been residents for a while use these people,
until they stood up and became more independent. There are examples of when something good was
taught to Italians, and they realized that America was not as uptight in accepting abuse. In Rosa's
journey of working in America she broke a lamp and started breaking down in tears, but then a lady
said, "But Rosa," they said, "you did a good thing! That lamp was terrible! Somebody gave it to us
so we had to keep it" (Rosa 221). This demonstrates that, sometimes, breaking something or
messing up was alright, because it was a natural error that was accepted instead of a death penalty.
In the school system, stereotypes took a role in younger Italian children and what they were good at.
The main character in Mount

Brazil Research Paper
Carnival:
Carnival is one of the most celebrated celebrations that in Brazil. This day is very important because
its a day of freedom where people from all over brazil don't work for a week and just party and
enjoy the company of friends and family. Carnival begins forty days before easter and lasts four
days and four nights. It starts on Saturday and ends on Thursday. People dress in costumes and roam
the streets in happiness and there is very often parades. The bigger the city the bigger the parade. It
is celebrated a lot less in the south than the north west but it is still celebrated throughout brazil
where people just relax. The only thing that they caution is taking the negative occurrences of
Carnival and to look at the good and wonderful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To start out with, they get up a lot earlier than students from the USA and return home around 12:00.
After lunch he does homework and then goes to hang out with friends. It is also different by the fact
that instead of the students going to different classrooms the teachers rotate and the students stay
seated. the only thing he thought was bad was there is a lack of school sports, school clubs, and
school organizations like the ASB we have here at North Eugene. According to Iago Brazil is a bit
harder to stand out in. Unlike In the US when there's so much opportunity to be

Effects Of The Slave Trade On The Country 's Oldest Cities...
One of the country's oldest cities and the first capital of Brazil, from 1796 to 1888, Salvador de
Bahia had witnessed successful blending of European, African and Indigenous cultures. From 1558,
the first slave market in the New World, with slaves arriving to work on the sugar plantations and
later tobacco fields, Salvador became the poster–child for positive cultural assimilation. The slave
trade, which lasted in Bahia until 1888 had a direct impact on the state today; large Afro–Brazilian
population and its European, African, and Indigenous blend of cultures. The widespread impact of
the slave trade on the county's inhabitants, culture, and the economy proves that the slave trade in
Salvador, Brazil led to more than an economical gain for the Portuguese. I argue that slave and race
relations in Salvador, Brazil though atrocious had outcomes that remain vastly different from other
colonized country's experience during this time racially, socially, and economically.
Salvador, historically known as, "São Salvador da Bahia de Todos os Santos" translates to "City of
the Holy Savior of the Bay of all Saints," is the largest city on the northeast coast of Brazil and the
capital of the Brazilian state of Bahia. The first colonial capital of Brazil, the city is one of the oldest
in the Americas. Salvador is the third most populous Brazilian city, after São Paulo and Rio de
Janeiro. The African influence in many cultural aspects of the city makes it the center of Afro–
Brazilian

Cultural Differences Between Brazil And Brazil Essay
Culture
Religion
Not only did the Portuguese influence Brazil about languages, but also religion. The Portuguese
brought over their religion which was Roman Catholic. About 64% of the population ascribes to the
Roman Catholic faith. Other religions in Brazil included: other Catholic religions, Protestant,
Christians, Spiritism, and others. Only 8% of the population ascribe to no religion of any kind
(Central Intelligence Agency, n.d.).
Diversity
Brazil has a rich culture with a unique blend of cultural variations. Brazil is even seen as one of the
world's most varied and diverse countries. There is a mixture of Indian, African, and European
blood. There are currently more than 190 million people in Brazil. Half of the population is white,
while 40% are mixed black and white. About 10% are black.
Crime often haunts the country of Brazil. Brazil has several issues with crime. Some of the most
common crimes include muggings, robbing, kidnappings, and gang violence. Another serious
problem is the corruption in the law enforcement divisions. Many people will not report any
incidents to the police because of fear ("Brazil," n.d.).
Cultural Variations
The Brazilian have a class system, where discrimination of skin color occurs daily. Those with
darker skin are typically disadvantaged. Class is also determined by economic status. Those in the
middle and upper classes often have little to no contact with the lower classes. The richest 10% of
Brazilians have access to over 40% of

Brazilian Carnival : The World 's Most Notorious And...
Brazilian Carnival
The word carnival comes from the Latin carne vale, or "farewell to the flesh".The Brazilian Carnival
is the most anticipated events for Brazilians and one of the world's most notorious and humongous
parties. Carnival (actually Carnaval in Portuguese) is a wild celebration of food, alcohol, music and
fun. Carnival is held all over the country; celebrations differ a bit by region, but Rio de Janeiro 's
celebration is the most popular, drawing crowds of 500,000 foreigners annually from across the
globe. It 's held annually for a few days before the start of Lent, the 40–day period of fasting,
abstinence and repentance that 's observed by the Roman Catholic Church before Easter.However,
the Brazilians morphed it into a version uniquely their own over time, adding in elements from the
people 's African and indigenous cultural backgrounds. Thus, Carnival in Brazil eventually
incorporated lots of parades, elaborate costumes, music, dancing and balls. A tradition also
developed where people dress up in opposing roles: men dress as women, aristocrats dress as
commoners, the poor dress as the rich. The Brazilian carnival has a deep history from around the
world, tons of culture mix throughout, and so many events to explore. The Brazilian Carnival has a
deep history that comes from around the world. It is the world's largest party but, the origins of the
celebration come from Africa and Europe religions. The carnival was originally to some a Greek
spring

Farming the Home Place, by Valerie J. Matsumoto
Farming the Home Place: A Japanese American community in California 1919–1982 by Valerie J.
Matsumoto presents a close and in–depth study of social and culture history of Cortez, a small
agricultural settlement located in San Joaquin valley in California. Divided into six chapter, the
book is based primarily on the oral interviews responses from eighty three members of Issei, Nisei,
and Sansei generations. However, many information are also obtained from the local newspapers,
community records, and World War II concentration camp publications.
After the end of World War I in 1919, a group of thirty Japanese settled in San Joaquin Valley,
California making their ethnic community in Cortez. Despite the Alien Land Law of 1913, which ...
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However, with the passage of time, the generation shift occurred with the Sansei, the female family
members were given opportunity to take over the family farm if they choose to do so.
One of the notable aspects of Matsumoto's history of Cortez is a sentimental relationship that she
has established with her subjects in the course of her studies. On the first page, she has named and
thanked almost a hundred members of this community, for contributing their time in sharing
memories, personal experiences, institutional records, and their warm hospitality. Hospitality of the
Cortez community members also shines in Appendix C where she mentioned twenty–four recipes
that she got from Japanese women. These recipes ranged from traditional Japanese foods to more
conventional zucchini bread to some cross–cultural cuisines like Jell–O mocha.
The transfer of culture from one generation to another becomes practically difficult when the culture
that one brings from his/her homeland becomes seemingly inappropriate in the new home. This was
true for Japanese Immigrants also. As the Issei grew older, much of the culture that they brought
with them from Japan died. With the passage of time, values changed as generational succession
took place. As a result of new attitude the new generations found an easy way towards assimilation
and acculturation. Expectations that the oldest son would be in charge of the farm and take care of
elders, that

Slavery and The Tropicalia Movement in Brazil
Starting in 1538, nearly four million Africans were taken from Ghana, Nigeria, Angola, Congo and
Mozambique to be forced into slavery in Brazil's sugar plantations and mining industries. The slave
trade was eradicated in 1850, and by 1871 the Brazilian legislature passed the Law of the Free
Womb. This law was designed to grant freedom to slave's newborn children and served as a
precursor to the abolition of slavery in 1888. They made home for themselves in Brazil, as it had the
largest amount of African diaspora. Former slaves and their descendants established an Afro
Brazilian culture and the cultural traditions, notably musical, brought along with them inevitably
mingled with those of Brazil. They brought new rhythmic complexities and melodic patterns with
them, and were recognized for using music as way of bringing people together through communal
participation. Their musical traditions have maintained very well preserved and were legitimate
contributions to Brazil's culture. Afro Brazilian influences became fundamental components for a
new generation of musicians in Brazil, and pride in their African roots flourished for the first time.
On a typical evening in Brazil, an overabundance of vibrant rhythms and people on every corner are
embellished in eccentric fashion filled the streets. Percussion beats, bells, trumpets, whistles and
other instruments sound through the streets as people dance or play along. Music is a defining factor
of identity in Brazilian culture.

Pros And Cons Of Independence Movements
Independence movements have occurred across the globe as long as countries have existed. Stronger
and more developed countries frequently attempt to grow their empires through means of
colonization or imperialism which leave long–lasting effects on nations and generations to come.
The two nations that I have chosen to compare and contrast with regards to independence
movements are Morocco and Brazil. Each country experienced pros and cons during the time they
were under the control of different nations and each was able to establish independence after
growing pains and frustrations occurred.
Analysis
Although both countries, Morocco and Brazil, were products of European imperialism, they each
encountered very different experiences. Morocco was a French protectorate between the years of
1912 and 1955. When nearby countries experienced economic weakness and crises, they succumbed
to rule by the British, Turkish or French. Morocco was able to avoid exterior control until rivalries
between European nations started increasing until inevitably, France stepped in. Morocco had
previously been independent for over 1,000 years and had openly accepted influences from Muslin
Iberia as well as the Ottoman Empire. France had expressed interest in Morocco as early as 1830 as
the country was deemed advantageous geographically, and Portugal was gaining protectorates and
control of the Atlantic coast of Africa.
Morocco opposed French rule and frustrations stemmed from the start even though

Derek Gerais Conspiracy
Portugal's colonization begins with the Treaty of Tordesilhas in 1494, which marked Portugal and
Spain's control over South America along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands. It
wasn't until 1536 that a unique system of government was put in place in Brazil; fifteen donatary
captaincies were established, which were land grants given to a private person equivalent to a royal
governor. The Royal Charter for the Captaincy of Pernambuco issued to Duarte Coelho on
September 24, 1534 defined how captaincies would function; these captaincies had their own mini–
constitutions called forals, which defined the captain–settler relationship to the crown, and many
other power; the "governors" could set up a government, had a monopoly over ... Show more
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Although, Pombal aimed to reduce Portuguese dependency on Britain and empower Portuguese
control, he unknowingly strengthened Brazil itself. He created privileged trading companies and
tried to develop new exports such as cotton and rice. Also, he shifted the capital from Salvador,
which is in northeastern Brazil, to Rio de Janeiro, which is in southeastern brazil, in 1763, which
emphasizes growing importance of the south over the north. Wanting to cut down on contraband
trade, Pombal by creating a new fleet system in which ships sailed under Portuguese auspices,
actually encouraged contraband trade. Lastly, he reformed education from emphasis on sciences and
economics rather than philosophy and spiritually. He ameliorated education by increasing the
number of Brazilians to study at the University of Coimbra, and coming back to Brazil–similar to a
brain

Brazil as an Emerging World Power
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is widely known for football, women, the
Brazilian Carnival, the Amazon, and the influential capoeira and samba. Little do people know there
is more to the fifth largest nation in the world, exceeded in size only by Russia, Canada, China, and
the United States (Poppino). In further reading of this paper, we will briefly discuss the history of
Brazil, government and politics, the economy, and last but not least, the culture of sports.
Numerous archaeological sites near Amazonian towns suggest that Tupian–speaking Indians
inhabited the coastal lands of Brazil around 9,000 BC. Farmers, fishers, and hunters and gatherers
diversified the communities, and developed in the Amazon ... Show more content on
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He instructed the Guard of Honor to remove their symbolic blue and white armbands, which
represented their homage to the motherland, and said, "Hail to the independence, to freedom and to
separation of Brazil. For my blood, my honor, my God, I swear to give Brazil freedom,
independence or death ("Brazil")." September 22, 1822 marks the official breaking of ties from
Portugal and on 12 October 1822, Prince Dom Pedro formally acclaimed the Constitutional Emperor
and Perpetual Defender of Brazil. There is not always a smooth transition from monarchy to
democracy and Brazil proved that true. After gaining independence in 1822, Brazil opted for a
constitutional monarchy as opposed to other forms of government its neighbors used at that time.
They adopted a two party system based on the British model; liberal and conservative parties that
consist of frequent cabinet turnovers. This allowed the emperor to appoint governors under
moderated power under the constitution established in 1824. Up until the 1880's, Brazils political
stability was unwavering until the system faulted under military demands and the pressure to free
the slaves. From 1889–1930, Brazil operated under the Old Republic and is loosely based on the
United States constitution.
This particular political system focused on economic power by large landowners in rural areas.
Chosen through direct elections are the president, National Congress, state governors, and local

Why Do You Want To Participate In The Ironbound Initiative...
I am currently a member and the treasurer for the Ironbound Initiative. I am also involved with the
Patient Partnership program as a First–Year representative and am the director for the Mini–Med
Program at NJMS. In addition, I am a member of the All E.A.R.S Program at NJMS and I sing in
the Vocal Chords Acapella Group.
2. Why do you want to participate in this global health trip? What are your goals, both personally
and for the two–week trip as well as after the trip?
Through my participation in the Ironbound Initiative I have come to recognize the significant health
disparities and lack of access to care in the Portuguese and Brazilian communities in New Jersey.
Therefore, I hope that through this trip I will gain experiences and ... Show more content on
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What do you think will be your greatest challenge?
On this trip, I anticipate communicating with people of a different culture may be a challenge.
Although I do not speak Brazilian Portuguese, I know that we will have a bilingual interpreter with
us as well as NJMS students who speak both languages and thus, I know that the language barrier
will not be a big challenge. More than the language, I want to be contentious on this trip regarding
acknowledging my privileges and that I need to understand the Brazilian approach to medicine in
the context of their culture as well as the resources available to them. Furthermore, I understand that
I have limited knowledge and skills as a first–year medical student and so can only provide basic
medical services at this time. Therefore, I am most apprehensive about effectively understanding
and communicating with the Brazilian community and recognizing that currently I am only able to
provide a limited amount of aid to these communities.
4. How do you plan on financially supporting this endeavor? (Are you willing to fundraise as a
team, as well as apply to the available scholarships?)
I fully intend to apply to any available scholarships in order to fund this trip. I am also looking
forward to working with other students going on this trip in order to organize fundraisers such as
bake sales and raffles. I also intend to start a GoFundMe page as well as seek out local businesses
for sponsorship. Finally,

Femininity In Brazil
Brazil is a large country: not only does its population of 205,823, 655 (Central Intelligence Agency)
make it the fifth most populous country worldwide ("Countries"), but it is also vast with regards to
its cultural diversity. Three centuries under Portuguese colonialism and historic waves of
immigration have contributed to Brazil's overall culture demonstrating what it means to be a cultural
melting pot. As Brazilian society draws from multiple cultures, it will be particularly important to
understand the interaction of these cultures in creating intercultural barriers, and how to utilize
conflict strategies to overcome them when proposing a student exchange program to Brazilian
dignitaries.
With a low individualism score of 38 out of 100 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In other words, Devito notes that high–context cultures interpret messages in the "context or in the
person" with whom they are communicating with, rather than the verbal message that is explicitly
shared (p. 38). Having said that, Devito states that they also place greater emphasis on face–saving.
Should such any misunderstanding arise, it will be vital to avoid attacking someone's positive and
negative face, especially in public (p. 38). Doing so will only decrease credibility and the potential
of the student exchange program's success, as collectivist cultures will feel mutually

Knowledge In The Alchemist
The Alchemist takes after the adventure of an Andalusian shepherd boy named Santiago.
Trusting a repeating dream to be prophetic, he chooses to go to a Romani fortune teller in
an adjacent town to find its significance. The lady deciphers the fantasy as a prophecy
telling the boy that there is a fortune in the pyramids in Egypt. Early into his journey, he
meets an old King, whose name was Melchizedek, who instructs him to offer his sheep to
go to Egypt and presents the possibility of a Personal Legend. Your Personal Legend "is
the thing that you have for the longest time been itching to fulfill. Everybody, when they
are youthful, realizes what their Personal Legend is." He adds that "when you want
something, all the universe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One reason is that
his books have no perceptible hint of "brazilianness." The tall tale nature of his
stories, particularly The Alchemist, makes it clear that chronicled precision is not the
purpose of the story. For Coelho's situation the contentions against him are of an alternate sort. To
begin with,
there is the dissension that his Portuguese is, truth be told, not great. What is intriguing is
that the greater part of his linguistic stumbles are omitted in interpretation. In this way, one just sees
them in the event that one peruses Portuguese, something that exclusive a little part of his readership
does.
Truth be told, these wrongdoings against linguistic use do nothing to such an extent as give a gentle
casual quality

to the dialect, and don't diminish at all from the charm and conceivability of
the content. The protestation is more political than whatever else, since Brazilian Portuguese, a
dialect which still recognizes forcefully amongst composed and talked dialect, has too
been interested in the incorporation of conversational discourse in writing. The issue is political
since it is comprehended that these incorporations were finished by individuals from the intellectual

Essay About Samba
SYAMIM BIN SAWALLUDIN
GROUP 3A
WORLD MUSIC ASSIGMENT
( FUNCTION OF MUSIC ) SAMBA Samba is the one of most popular and dance music from the
Brazil. Back to the future, samba dance originaly was from Africa and brought to the country by
members samba from Africa. After being brought into the brazil, Samba dance was popular and also
become a folk song. Brazil's largest cities are mostly found along the coastline and include Rio de
Janiero,Sau Paulo and Salvador. The country was colonized by the Portuguese, who began arriving
in the region around 1500. Since 1935, Samba dance will be performed for any Brazil carnaval for
the example 'Carnaval Rio de Janiero'. At Rio carnaval was a big carnaval in the world and
performed every year.The driving samba beat conjures up images of revelers parading through the
streets of Rio de Janeiro in frenetic celebration. That shows many supporters and tourism were like
to know about Samba. In addition,they are also not only to perform but they also want to convey a
massage in their performance, so that it can open the minds of people that the Samba this os one of
the great folk music. Samba is strongly Afro–Brazillian, meaning that its musical characteristics are
primarily drawn fr.om African ingredients but have a unique Brizilian flavour. Samba music makes
you move from the bottom of your feet to the top of your head. Although, Samba is origin Africa its
better known as a symbol of country of Brazil and has been recognized by UNESCO as a cultural
heritage of Brazil. Samba de Roda from Bahia, which is a world ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Rebana is measures 40 cm wide and 20 cm in height. The power of sound waves hit the Rebana
influenced the dance. To make the sound is very louded they were more vigorous blow dancers
performed dances. That is the membranaphone

Why Did Portugal Gain The Independence Of Brazil
In September of 1822, Brazil broke away from Portugal and became its own nation. Although this
was difficult for Brazil gain independence which led to revolts and deaths of thousands. Brazil has
proven that it is a strong and independent nation, which we must not overlook. Firstly, in the eyes of
Portugal Brazil had little to no importance. Portugal was mostly focused on the slave trade from
Africa to India. In the middle of the 16th century, France threatened to overtake Brazil from
Portugal, which made Portugal start to focus on populating and defending Brazil. Brazil had little
exporting so in order for Portugal to gain any profit from Brazil, Portugal became very strict on
Brazil and would not allow them to print press under their rule. In addition, Brazil was forbidden to
trade with any other country besides the motherland. This insured that all profit ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dom Pedro I was the emperor of Brazil at this is time. Sadly, he was ordered to return to Portugal
and any courts he made while in power were taken away from the people of Brazil. This had
enraged Brazilians and caused them to revolt against Cortes; Brazilians formed two groups to take
action the Bonificans whom were led by led by Bonifácio de Andrade, and the Liberals who were
led by Joaquim Gonçalves Ledo and supported by Freemasons. However, these two groups had very
different ideas on how Brazil should function as a nation but they both agreed they wanted to stay
united with Portugal as a monarchy. During this time Dom Pedro started to trust Brazil more than
his homeland, he soon left Portugal and declared his alliance to Brazil "allegedly proclaiming
"Independence or Death!"" (Colin M. Snider). Hearing about the declaration, Portugal made no
resistance. Making Brazil the only Latin American country to have peacefully gained independence,
and to have kept the monarchy status meanwhile other Latin American countries

Brazil And Its Impact On America
Brazil is located in Eastern South America and borders the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil is very
comparable to the USA, being only slightly smaller in size. The economy is well–developed in
agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and service sectors, and it has an expanding middle class. Brazil
was under Portuguese rule until it gained independence in 1822 and maintained a monarchical
system of government until the abolition of slavery in 1888.
The African Diaspora is based upon a globalized notion of blackness and is a community and
identity for those who identify as black and see relation between themselves and others in the Black
Diaspora. Brazil ties into the African Diaspora because millions of enslaved Africans were dispersed
in Brazil. Brazil was the center of the European slave trade before it gained independence in 1822.
Rio de Janeiro and Bahia had more slaving voyages than any other port in all of Europe. Brazil was
consistently the largest home for slaves between North America and South America. Instead of
encouraging natural reproduction to increase the slave population in Brazil, masters choose to work
their slaves to death and buy a new replacement because they were cheap. Four–and–a–half million
enslaved Africans were taken to Brazil and even today, just 125 years after slavery was abolished,
Brazil is still struggling with a form of control – sex trafficking.
The African Diaspora has created a large culture of African–Brazilians in Brazil. Many Africans did
not

The Ancient Empires Are The Maya, Aztec And Inca
The three ancient empires are the Maya, Aztec and Inca. Indigenous had no resistance to smallpox
and measles. Mulattos have mixed African and Iberian ancestry. Mestizos are people with mixed
ancestry, specifically Amerindian and Spanish ancestry. Indigenous traditions, European–derived
music, and African–inspired musical activity make up the music of Central America, South America,
and Mexico. African influence is evident in African secular and religious practices, in instruments
modeled after African instruments, and in the use of musical traits associated with Africa's ethnic
groups. Amazonian tribes can differ in their language, dress, belief system, and kinship practices.
The Kayapó–Xikrin are from the rainforests of Brazil. Men and women usually sing separately.
Vocal pulsation is a slight periodic volume amplification. Takak–nhiok is a Kayapó–Xikrin naming
ritual that occurs in five stages over five years. In each stage, the initiates gain new knowledge about
practices and activities in their community. The two official languages of Peru are Spanish and
Quechua. The Inca Empire reached its peak in the last decades of the 1400s. The two centers of
power are located in Cusco and Machu Picchu. In 1572, Spanish conquistadors beheaded the last
Inca emperor, Túpac Amaru. Roman Catholicism is the most prominent religion in Peru. Common
among Andean and Peruvian indigenous populations, the siku is a panpipe made of cylindrical reeds
of different lengths tied together.

Essay on Informative Speech About Brazil
Name: Suleima Guzman
Topic: Brazil
I. Introduction
A. Attention getter: Imagine yourself on a white sandy beach far away from all the books and term
projects due this week or the next. Away from the crowded elevators, busy streets and crowded train
rides. Now imagine yourself surrounded by thousands of people screaming and shouting out of joy,
watching colorful floats pass you by. You find yourself moving along with the music playing and
just can't help yourself. This is just something you would probably experience if you were to spend a
night in Brazil.
B. Thesis: Brazil is a country known for its vibrant, colorful and lively culture. It has a lot to offer,
from its great one of a kind vacation spots to the captivating sound of the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is also the only country in South America to speak Portuguese.
Transition: Next we have the important and memorable features of Brazil.
III. Main Point #2 Topic Sentence: The Amazon River and the statue of "Christ the Redeemer" are
just a few of Brazil's landmarks. A: The most notable of Rio's monuments is the statue of Christ the
Redeemer. The statue is of Christ with his arms out at the top of the Corcovado Mountain. Standing
125 ft. tall at the peak of this mountain since 1931, it is considered to be Brazil's national symbol.
B: The Amazon River is another national landmark for Brazil. It is the second largest river in the
world. It is habitat to rare mammals such as the boto, also known as the Amazon River Dolphin. The
Characin, similar to piranhas. And in some shallow parts of the Amazon the Anaconda, one of the
world's largest species of snakes.
C:One of Brazil's most beautiful beach is the Brava Beach. It is located on north side of the island of
Santa Catarina, in Florianópolis, the capital of the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. It offers
beautiful crystal clear water, natural beauty and great waves for many surfers and bodyboarding
tourist and locals.
Transition: Finally we have culture.
IV. Main Point #3 Topic Sentence: The culture of the people can be determined by their everyday
hobbies, to what they listen to and eat.
A: Compared to the majority of the other South American countries the national sport of Brazil is
soccer. Brazil

Cultural Differences Between The Nisei And The Issei
In 1869, the first Japanese Immigrants arrived in California in an attempt to escape the Meiji
restoration, which forced them out of their houses. Many joined them in America after that, forming
the first generation of Japanese–Americans, the Issei. Those immigrants then formed families and
gave birth to the second generation, the Nisei. However, the cultural differences between the Issei
and the Nisei, who were all born in America, created an important gap between the two generations.
The short story "Seventeen Syllables", through the relation between Rosie, a Nisei young girl, and
Tome Hayashi, her mother, is a good depiction of this issue.
First of all, the lack of a common language between the Nisei and the Issei was the main problem in
their relations. Most the Nisei went to American schools where they learned everything in English.
The Issei, for their part, had learned Japanese as their first language. In "Seventeen Syllables", Rosie
only has little knowledge in Japanese. Here, the author describes a bit more her level in that
language: "It was about cats, and Rosie pretended to understand it thoroughly and appreciate it no
end, partly because she hesitated to disillusion her mother about the quantity and quality of Japanese
she had learned in all the years now that she had been going to Japanese school every Saturday (and
Wednesday, too, in the summer)." (170) It reflects the delicate situation in which that ignorance put
the Nisei. To make their parents proud,

How Literature Changed My Life
I was in the beginning of my senior year in high school when my life got so unexpectedly turned
around I could barely find strength to pull myself up again. I woke up that March 15th thinking it
would be just another regular day, but that night, panic attacks wouldn't let me fall asleep. It seemed
like up until then my life had been an illusion, based on lies, and I was being woken up from the
world of shadows only to see I was actually in hell. Yet, on the outside, I resembled the exact same
person I had been the day before. The next morning, in class, though my throat was drowned in sobs
and my hands were shaking from weakness, I managed to talk clearly and walk firm steps. I
pretended to listen to people but there was a voice screaming inside my head. I didn't discuss it with
anyone, and I won't do it now, as I feel it is not my story to tell, but a few days after learning about
it, as nothing had apparently changed in what my life looked like from the outside, I began to doubt
my own mind and memory. Had I simply dreamt or imagined it? Could I possibly hope for it not be
true? I saw my mom acting normal and moving on with life. I would look at myself in the mirror
and not be able to discern what was real and what wasn't. Around that time, I began reading what is
perhaps the most important work of literature from my region of Brazil, "Time and the Wind", or "O
Tempo e o Vento", in Portuguese, by Erico Verissimo. It tells about the history of my home state,
Rio Grande

Brazil Essay
After the slavery abolition in 1888 and throughout the 20th century, Africa figured relatively low in
Brazil's foreign policy agenda, which have mostly focused in the relations with the global powers
such as the United States and European countries. This configuration started to change significantly
in the early 2000s, when the improved macroeconomic situation of Brazil coincided with Africa's
economic revival. The turning point was, with no doubt, under former President Lula's mandate
(2003–2010).
Revoking historical ties and cultural similarities, Lula's discourse was frequently based in frames
such as: "paying back the solidarity debt with the African continent, due to centuries of slavery
relied on the sweat and blood of millions of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Source: Cabral & Shankland (2013: 9).
According to a recent joint World Bank and IPEA document, the historical and cultural ties between
Brazil and the African continent differentiate the country from the other members of the BRICs
(Brazil, Russia, India and China). The economic success of Brazil, its activities in the international
arena and its successful national social policies would be "lessons" for African countries (IPEA &
World Bank, 2011).
Additionally to historical and cultural ties, other affinities in agro–ecology and epidemiology (and,
in some cases, language) are often evoked as an advantage of the Brazilian knowledge transfer to
Africa, while the horizontal character of the partnership is presented as an alternative to the vertical
North–South interaction (Patriota & Pierri, 2013).
SECTION C: Brazil's investment and financing in Africa: interests
Trade and investments
In the relations between Brazil and Africa, it is not only in development cooperation that a
significant increase started to be seen in the last decade. Making a comparison, at the beginning of
Lula's mandate in 2003, trade between the country and the continent was $5 billion, while by 2009 it
had surpassed $29 billion (LAHT, 2010). Although still accounting for a relatively small share in
Brazilian

Racial Inequality In Brazil
Towards the end of the 19th century, immigration to Brazil began to rapidly increase. The demand
for coffee continued to increase, and the coffee production industry expanded due to an influx in
immigrants from Japan, Portugal, Spain, Italy, as well as several other European countries. Brazil
was a divided nation, lacking a unified population or shared culture. The goal of allowing an influx
of European immigrants into the country was to conform to European culture, and "civilize" Brazil.
Essentially, Brazil had desires to "whiten" the population. The largely black, and Mulatto population
quickly began to transform into predominantly white. Racial inequality and discrimination marked
Brazil, and created distinct divisions amongst the population. Following abolition, Afro–Brazilians
had immense difficulty in defining their own place in Brazilian society. Prior to the 1980s, racist
attitudes as well the intention of Westernizing Brazil, made it challenging for Afro–Brazilians to
achieve economic or social mobility. Beginning in the 20th century, efforts to diminish racial
inequality became increasingly necessary to Brazil. Afro–Brazilians have faced severe inequity post
abolition, however in recent decades the eradication of racial inequality has become imperative.
Scientific racism emerged in Brazil from France, and was rooted from the philosophy positivism.
Positivism was an ideology that declared any rational observation or idea can be scientifically,
logically, or

How Did Pele Change The World
The Myth, The Legend, Pele! Edison Arantes do Nascimento, also known known as Pele in the
soccer world, is one of the most talented and respected soccer players in the world. I chose Pele
because he is good at soccer and he is one of my favorite soccer players in the world. In this essay I
will explain how Pele shaped and changed the world of soccer. Pele was born in Três Corações,
Brazil (Bio.com). Pele grew up poor and lived in poverty, but that didn't stop him from pursuing his
dreams (Bio.com). Pele developed his kicking skills "by kicking a rolled up sock stuffed with rags
around the streets of Bauru"; he learned to kick a soccer ball without even having one (Bio.com).
Pele took on many unusual jobs to help his family earn a little bit more money (Bio.com). Later in
life, Pele found him placed in the Bauru Athletic Club (Bio.com). He led the team with three
victories from 1954 to 1956 (Bio.com). Furthermore, he won many indoor soccer contests and
championships (Bio.com). Which was a start to his soccer career. ... Show more content on
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As Pele caught more people's attention due to the 1958 World Cup, he had become icon, a hero, and
a legend to the world of the soccer (Pele). A Brazilian journalist named Joan Luiz de Albuquerque
said about Pele that, "He was the light at the end of the tunnel." This means he was the "success" at
the end. Furthermore, as the life of Pele kept continuing he had once stopped a war (Pele)! Pele's
influence in soccer had stopped the Nigeria's forty eight hour cease–fire in 1967(Pele)! Then in 1978
Pele was awarded with the International Peace Award for his work in the

Italian Immigration To America Essay
One of the primary reasons that led to the very different, and very much worse reception of Catholic
Italian immigrants in the United States when compared to other Catholic European immigrants, was
the attitude Italians held in regards to the country they lived in, the United States. Italian immigrants
felt alienated in their new country. They believed that conforming to American values too quickly
was a direct threat to their own beliefs (Specifically the domus). This was especially true in the
Italian Harlem. However, as Orsi states, "the alienation was not a purely internal matter; it was also
caused by American xenophobia" (Orsi 160). She goes on to say that this discriminating view held
by Americans led to Italians being stereotyped as the "worker", meaning a threat to take the jobs of
Americans born in the United States. This led to almost everything of Italian significance being
omitted in schools which led to students getting a sense of Italian inferiority. Teachers and students
went as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Family was of great importance to Italians and that did not change once they arrived in the United
States. The term they used to describe this family–centered way of life was Domus, or culture of the
home. It was for this reason that the home was very important to the Italians. To highlight the
importance of the domus that Italians brought to the United States, Covello made four principles of
the domus, the points are; "10. One should stand by blood relatives in any situation whether they be
right or wrong. 15. Married couples should never sever their relations with their parents. 17.
Children should respect the friends and relatives to their parents and in their behavior conform to the
opinions of these friends and relatives. 21. Husband and wife should represent the union of two
blood groups and not the union of two people who mutually arouse each other's emotions." (Orsi

Portuguese Independence : The Fall Of The Brazilian...
When Dom Pedro declared Brazilian independence on September 7, 1822, the nationalist sentiments
that lead to the proclamation had formed long ago. However, with nationalistic feelings alone, it is
unlikely that Brazil would have been able to overthrow the Portuguese. Brazilian independence
instead needed the benefits of housing the Portuguese royal family after Portugal was invaded by
Napoleon. Without French nationalism and expansion, Brazilian independence would have unlikely
occurred in the nineteenth century. Brazil was officially discovered in April of 1500 by Pedro
Álvares Cabral, a Portuguese navigator and nobleman. The Portuguese differed from the Spanish
however as they did not have a plan for New World colonization. For this reason, the Portuguese
leaders had trouble settling their new lands due to a lack of interest from potential settlers. The
citizens of Portugal regarded this new land as barren; the wealth of gold and silver in the area would
not be discovered for another 200 years. In order to help remedy this problem, the Portuguese
government separated the land of Brazil into 15 different hereditary captaincies in which Portuguese
'donataries' would introduce sugarcane to the region in order to make a profit. The system was a
failure for all but two captaincies who flourished on sugarcane plantations. In 1548, Portugal
established a centralized government in Brazil to manage the large territory and wrote a Colonial
Pact forcing Brazil to trade only with Portugal and a few other allies. In defiance, Brazil began to
refer to the leaders of its government, who were officially called general governors, as vice kings. It
was the discovery of gold mines that brought Brazilian nationalism to the forefront of the citizens'
minds. When gold was discovered in 1697, sugarcane value had plummeted because of Dutch
competition in Central America, and cities in Brazil began to lose money due to the heavy
Portuguese taxes. The Portuguese government was disappointed with the returns from sugar cane
trade and took direct control of gold mines in the central area of the Minas Gerais area against the
will of the Brazilian people. José Joaquim da Silva Xavier was one of these people who was

Samba Carnival Analysis
Review 24 – Samba Carnival
About Samba Carnival
It doesn't get much more exciting and sultry than the Samba Carnival – outside of taking all that
excitement and sexiness and turning it into a slot game packed with prizes and bonus games. This is
just what Play N Go did when they put together a game that offers players 5 reels and 15 paylines to
enjoy while listening to samba music and enjoying the carnival atmosphere and the brightly
coloured fireworks lighting up the night sky. The carnival is filled with the beauties of South
America wearing their skimpiest Mardi Gras outfits, with Wild Maracas that multiply all throughout
the night and some bonus bongos that offer up to 150x your bet.
There are plenty of slot games out that promise to put punters in the party mood, but very few
seldom deliver on the promise. Showing that Play N Go is in the spirit of the summer season, they
are letting the reels rock in Samba Carnival, but does this game have enough within its ranks to have
your partying in the street? Read on to find out!
Theme and Design
There are seven prize symbols to be found here, and four of them are fruits that can be turned into
some tasty samba cocktails. Land a line of 3 to 5 matching fruits for 75 coins for limes and 100
coins for oranges. Squeeze the fruits for everything you can by getting 125 coins for the melons and
250 coins for pineapples. There's no beating the sexy samba ladies though, with three different
dance troupes to enjoy. Troupe one is

Brazilian Culture : Brazil And Brazil
Brazil Brazil is an up and coming BRIC country located in South America. Portuguese is the
"official and most widely spoken language" within the borders of Brazil. In 2014, Brazil had the
population of 206,077,898 (Brazil: Intro, n.d.) individuals. Over half of Brazil's ethnicity is white
individuals, while approximately a third of the country is a mixed white and black. A small portion
of the region is black. Furthermore, less than ten percent of the country is remaining ethnicities, and
the remainder is unspecified per the 2000 census (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). Brazil carries a narrow margin
of different religious backgrounds within its population. At 64.6%, over half of Brazil's population is
Roman Catholic with 0.4% being "other catholic" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). However, Protestants make
up 22.2%, while 0.7% remains "other Christians" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). 2.2% of the population
belongs to the label "Spiritist" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.), while 1.4% categorizes the group labeled "other"
(Brazil: Intro, n.d.). Eight percent of the population in Brazil claims no religious affiliation while the
remaining 0.4% claims an unspecified status (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). President Dilma Rousseff is the
head and chief of state running the Federal Republic government style of Brazil (Brazil: Intro, n.d.).
A two round voting system, held every four years, by an election of the Brazilian citizens determines
the "commander–in–chief" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). Brazil adopting its seventh

A Maize Civilization : A Corn Civilization
A maize civilization Until the 19th century, the culinary tradition of the Brazilian Southeast was
mostly influenced by the Portuguese cuisine and the food habits of the various Brazilian indigenous
peoples and of the numerous African nations that were forcibly brought here by the slavery. After
the arrive, in large numbers, of immigrants of many nationalities – such as Japanese, Lebanese,
Italians, Spaniards and Germans there is a sudden and considerable increase in Brazilian
gastronomic heterogeneity, especially in the city of São Paulo, at a reduced period of time. This
modernization process, induced by the populational and geographical growth of the city of São
Paulo, led to persecuting of some food habits, such as the commercialization of food in the streets
and even to the traditional menu of this type of commerce, which was heavily based on the corn,
called 'iguarias do bugre'[i]. This cuisine was strongly influenced by the indigenous culinary culture,
offering delicacies such as içás (a type of ant that would be fried and eaten with farofa, that is the
cassava flour or the corn flour boiled or roasted), roasted pinhão (the seed of the Pinheiro–
brasileiro), corn cakes, cuscuz (a type of couscous) and others.[ii] Studying the São Paulo society of
the Colonial period, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda devoted a chapter, 'Civilização do Milho', to the
role of the corn at the Brazilian food culture during this period; and another chapter to the 'iguarias
de bugre', ie the use

Religion in Brazil
Brazil, or officially the Federative Republic of Brazil is the largest country in both South America
and the Latin America region. It is the world's fifth largest country, both bygeographical area and by
population over 190 million people It is the largest Lusophone, or portugese–speaking, country in
the world, and the only one in the Americas.
Religion plays a major role in the lives of most of the people in this largest South American county.
Here are some interesting Brazil facts: Around ninety percent of this population identifies with some
sort of religion, making it more religiously inclined than any other South American country. Only
around 1% of its population do not believe in a God, or a supreme being in some form or ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When African slaves began to be imported into Brazil, they brought with them their religious
practices, many of which involved invoking the gods through chants or dances. Over time, these
Afro Brazilian religious practices began mingling with Catholic and Protestant influences to create
synthetic religions. Some of the more popular exponents include Candomble, which has a huge
following in urban centers like Rio de Janeiro, and Umbanda.
Spiritism is also one of the significant, although minor, religions in Brazil. Spiritistic practices are
based largely on ancient Amerindian cultures as well as the influence of the African cultures and
customs that were introduced centuries ago, when slaves were brought over to Brazil from the 'Dark
Continent' of Africa. Such tribes and cultures were particularly inclined towards the worship of
spirits since they had not been influenced by more structured notions of creation, which hailed from
a reliance on the teachings of Bible.
The religions or belief systems found in Brazil other than the ones above include: * Muslims *
Methodists * Episcopalians * Buddhists * Ayahuasca * Afro–Brazilian religions – Xango, Batuque,
Umbanda, Tambor de Mina * Hinduism * Islamists * Shinto believers * Judaists * Rastafarian *
Brazil Religion Makes the

Cultural Analysis Brazil
| 2015 | | |
[Cultural Analysis – brazil] | MKT 6003 RESEARCH PAPER |
Abstract
I currently lead a team called Pontonet as part of my responsibilities as Sr. Strategic Customer
Manager who is based in Brazil. When I began my job in August I was quickly introduced and held
meetings with my manager and a co–worker. I noticed very quickly that our abrasive American
ways of communicating was not effective by listening in on conference calls with the three of us. I
noticed as well that there was a seemingly deep sense that creating a more relation type of
Management/Vendor management style was would make for a clearer and cleaner method than the
alternative. I learned in haste that my report Jurandir at Pontonet began to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Religion in Brazil Although there are other religions reported in the country, Brazil is primarily
known and identified with being Roman–Catholic. The distinction being that Brazil is, with over
two–thirds identifying themselves as such, considered the country with the highest number of
Catholics in the world. Racial Tensions and Equality In the United States there has of late been a
higher sensitivity to African–Americans and their plight for social justice. Movements such as
"Black Lives Matter" underscore the prevailing opinion that there still are inequalities as it pertains
to the criminal justice system as well as socio–economic discriminations that many in America find
unjust and deplorable. These injustices however pale in comparison to those that have occurred in
Brazil even within the last ten years to Blacks in Brazil. When 19 Afro–Latinos were murdered in a
police operation in the massacre of 2007 in the Comlexo do Alemão the riots that took place were no
less than catastrophic. The riots in Watts in the 60's as well as the Rodney King riots of the 90's
together brought less damage, death and destruction. The country still is reeling from the effects and
the negative opinion of Blacks in the country Gender roles in Brazil Brazil has long been known as a
hyper–sexual society. With its historically topless beaches, nude dancing,

Nisei Daughter by Monica Sone Essay
Nisei Daughter, by Monica Sone
'Even with all the mental anguish and struggle, an elemental instinct bound us to this soil. Here we
were born; here we wanted to live. We had tasted of its freedom and learned of its brave hopes for
democracy. It was too late, much too late for us to turn back.' (Sone 124). This statement is key to
understanding much of the novel, Nisei Daughter, written by Monica Sone. From one perspective,
this novel is an autobiographical account of a Japanese American girl and the ways in which she
constructed her own self–identity. On the other hand, the novel depicts the distinct differences and
tension that formed between the Issei and Nisei generations. Moreover, it can be seen as an attempt
to describe the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout her novel, Monica describes events and experiences, which reveal her character and
personality. However, if perceived solely as an autobiography, the major theme of this novel is
overlooked.
I think Monica Sone focuses on, and clearly shows, the tension that arose in the Japanese American
community because they felt torn between two distinct cultures and amongst themselves. There was
also much confusion in this pre–World War II and during WWII era concerning the place of
Japanese Americans in the United States. The Issei, or first generation of immigrants from Japan,
were generally highly organized in their communities. They tended to stay in close connection with
traditional Japanese culture. The Issei spoke their native language, practiced traditional Japanese
customs, and formed church groups, and other social communities amongst themselves. Similarly,
the Nisei, or second generation Japanese American, were also highly organized and formed strong
ties amongst themselves separate from the Issei. The Nisei attended Japanese schools, which
enhanced their use of the Japanese language, but more importantly, created a social network of
peers. They participated in church programs, and sports teams together. One main difference
between the Issei and Nisei was that the Nisei were considered Americans. They were born here and
they held complete citizenship. This was not true for the Issei. Another factor that separated the

Racial Discrimination During The 20th Century
Starting in 1501, white Portuguese men enslaved over five million Africans and brought them back
to Brazil to work on sugar plantations, creating a power dynamic that has lasted for centuries. After
nearly four hundred years of slavery, freed black men and women were left with no education, place
to live, or family, placing them at an economic disadvantage from the beginning. In the late
nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, following emancipation, white men began to procreate with
indigenous and African women, creating a mixed or mulatto race, which led to the false
identification of Brazil as a country with a "racial democracy." However, darker–skinned individuals
still remained at the bottom of the racial hierarchy, facing systems of social, economic, and
educational discrimination. The racial inequalities, products of historical legacy, have resulted in a
society that has severe racial stratifications and continues to subject Afro–Brazilians to prejudice,
poverty, and police brutality. Although racial discrimination in contemporary Brazilian society is
pervasive, particularly noticeable in the lack of economic and social mobility, discrimination is not a
new phenomenon in Brazil, but rather the culmination of 500 years of historical inequities rooted in
slavery, eugenics, immigration policy, the process of miscegenation, and the myth of racial
"democracy". Brazil's racial history has led to the formation of a society in which darker–skinned
individuals face

Essay On European Imperialism In Brazil

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