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Telecom, Media & Entertainment   the way we see it




The Price is Right
Pricing Strategies for Mobile Broadband Services
Telecom & Media Insights




                   Innovative
                              pricing model
Contents

 1	Abstract	                                                                                          3




 2	 Current Scenario and Need for New Pricing Strategies	                                             4




 3	 Components of Mobile Broadband Pricing	                                                           7
    3.1 Pricing Structures	                                                                           8
    3.2 Pricing Metrics	                                                                              9
    3.3 Payment Modes	                                                                                9




 4	 Assessing the Pre-requisites for New Pricing Models	                                          11
    4.1 Operational Pre-requisites	                                                              12
    4.2 Market Pre-requisites	                                                                   12




 5	 Pricing Process to Maximize Value	                                                           14
    5.1 Choosing the right pricing strategy	                                                     14
    5.2 Customer segmentation for personalized pricing	                                          14
    5.3 Designing the pricing model	                                                             15
    5.4 Launching new pricing plans	                                                             15
    5.5 Conclusion	                                                                              15




©  2012 Capgemini. All Rights Reserved. Rightshore ® is a trademark belonging to Capgemini. No part
of this document may be modified, deleted or expanded by any process or means without prior written
permission from Capgemini.
Telecom, Media & Entertainment               the way we see it




                     1	 Abstract
                     Since 2006, most developed countries have seen rapid growth in the adoption of
                     mobile broadband. In addition, the proliferation of new mobile devices such as
                     smartphones and tablets, along with the consumption of high-bandwidth services
                     such as content streaming, VoIP and mobile cloud services has led to a drastic
                     increase in data traffic. However, data revenues have not kept pace with this
                     growth in traffic and the widening gap is putting pressure on the sustainability of
                     a mobile operator’s business model.

                     We believe that the pricing of mobile broadband is a critical lever for operators
                     to effectively monetize this growing data consumption. Telcos should introduce
                     innovative pricing models that are tailored for specific consumer segments and
                     designed based on consumer-context information such as the device used, loca-
                     tion, time-of-use and service being consumed rather than only the volume of
                     consumption. Designing these innovative pricing models requires a clear under-
                     standing of the components of a mobile broadband pricing model and operational
                     as well as market pre-requisites that allow the rapid roll-out of these new pricing
                     models. Consequently, telcos should constitute a pricing process that includes
                     identifying high-value customer segments, designing tailored pricing models, and
                     then launching these new plans using traditional and digital channels.




The Price is Right                                                                                     3
2	 Current Scenario and Need
                                                for New Pricing Strategies
                                             The mobile broadband market has been growing rapidly since 2006 as more
                                             consumers adopt the ‘always connected’ lifestyle. In developed countries, Inter-
                                             net connections have reached high levels of penetration, with average household
                                             penetration at 65% in 2010; twice that of the global average of 29%.1 Interestingly,
                                             mobile broadband has been instrumental in increasing the penetration levels due
                                             to the degree of mobility offered over fixed broadband. By the end of 2010, there
                                             were 51.1 mobile broadband connections as compared to 24.6 fixed broadband
                                             connections for every 100 inhabitants in developed countries.2

                                             This demand for high-speed connectivity ‘on the move’ is expected to increase
                                             further with the growing adoption of mobile computing devices such as smart-
                                             phones and tablets. In addition, consumers are being offered faster mobile
                                             broadband connections and innovative services that are fuelling demand for
                                             mobile broadband (see Figure 1). Thus, for telcos this growth in data services is
                                             an opportunity to make up for stagnant voice revenues. However, operators have
                                             yet to develop a successful model to effectively harness this mobile broadband
                                             growth engine.


Figure 1: Key Drivers for Mobile Broadband Traffic Growth


                                                                      Smartphones and Tablets have crossed an inflection point,
                                   Mobile Internet Device              with numbers overtaking Desktop and Notebook PCs
                                   Adoption                           Mobile Internet Devices with higher processing power and
                                                                       access speeds have higher data consumption


                                                                      Content sharing among digital consumers is on the rise
                                   Content and VOIP/IM
                                   Services                           Globally, video streaming grew by 97%, while VOIP/IM grew
                                                                       by 84% in H1 2010
    Mobile Data
    Traffic Growth
                                                                      Several consumer-cloud services available on the mobile
                                                                       platform have been launched
                                   Mobile cloud services
                                                                      Apple’s iCloud, Google cloud applications and Microsoft’s
                                                                       Skydrive will all increase data transfer volumes over MBB

                                                                      Worldwide M2M modules will reach 210 million units shipment
                                   Smart Technology                    by 2015 as the push for ‘digitalization’ continues
                                   Uptake
                                                                      Data consumption of M2M modules is also forecasted to grow
                                                                       rapidly to reach 3.6 Exabyte per annum


Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis; Allot Communications, ”Global Mobile Broadband Traffic Report”, July 2010 ; ABI
Research, “Cellular Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Markets “, September 2010; Cisco, “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data
Traffic Forecast Update, 2010–2015”, Feb 2011




                                             1  ITU Statistics Database 2010
                                             2  Capgemini analysis and ITU Statistics Database 2010; The developed/developing country classifications
                                                are based on the UN M49, see: http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/definitions/regions/index.html


4
Telecom, Media & Entertainment                             the way we see it




                                                 Although the opportunity for telcos in mobile broadband looks promising, rapidly
                                                 increasing mobile data traffic does raise some concern. The increase in mobile
                                                 data traffic is being seen across geographies: Telecom Italia delivered 15 times
                                                 more mobile data traffic in 2010 compared to 2007; AT&T reported traffic jump-
                                                 ing by a factor of 30 from Q3 2009 to Q3 2010; while China Unicom’s 3G services
                                                 saw a 62% traffic increase in Q2 2010 alone.3 In the UK, the volume of mobile
                                                 data transferred over the mobile networks has increased 40-fold over the last
                                                 three years.4 Worldwide mobile data traffic is forecasted to grow at 108% per year
                                                 to reach 3.6 Exabytes per month by 2015.5

                                                 However, increasing mobile data traffic has not resulted in an equal increase in
                                                 revenues, as mobile operators in developed markets make only a third of their
                                                 revenue from data traffic which is three-quarters of their total network traffic6
                                                 (see Figure 2). However, these forecasts are based on current business models
                                                 and pricing assumptions which telcos can change to monetize the demand for
                                                 mobile broadband.


Figure 2: The Volume and Revenue Gap



         Worldwide Mobile Data Consumption                                                 Index of Mobile Data Revenue and
             Volume, PB/Month, 2010-15                                                       Data Volume (Base year 2010)
                                                                        3000

                          CAGR
                                               6,107
                          92.5%
                                       3,717                             2500
                               2,146
                       1,136




                                                                                                                                                        Value not captured by Telcos
         231    533
                                                                         2000
        2010   2011    2012    2013    2014    2015

                                                                         1500
           Worldwide Mobile Data Revenue,
                   $Bn, 2010–10                                                                                                          26x

                         CAGR                                            1000
                         12.3%                 456
                                       419
                              380
                       338
                297                                                       500
         255

                                                                          100                                                                      2x
                                                                            0
                                                                                    2010       2011      2012       2013      2014       2015
        2010   2011    2012    2013    2014    2015
                                                                                              Data Revenue           Data Volume



Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis; WCIS Forecasts, 2011; Cisco, “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic
Forecast Update, 2010–2015”, 2011




                                                 “     	Analyst forecasts indicate that data volumes will increase 26

                                                                                                                                               ”
                                                        times, while revenue will only double over the next 5 years. 




                                                 3  Ars Technica, “World mobile data traffic to explode by factor of 26 by 2015”, April 2011
                                                 4  Ofcom, “The Communications Market 2011”, August 2011
                                                 5  Cisco Visual Networking Index, “Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update 2009-2014”
                                                 6  Based on North American market, Morgan Stanley, “Mobile Internet Report”, December 2009


The Price is Right                                                                                                                                                                     5
The disconnect is proving to be expensive for telcos who are facing shrinking
    profitability as network traffic increases and the investment need for latest
    technologies grows and revenues stagnate. With most opportunities for cost
    reduction exhausted, telcos must now focus on enhancing revenues by getting
    their pricing models right. A survey of top telco executives revealed that in the
    next three years developing innovative pricing models to ensure that revenues
    keep pace with growing mobile data consumption will be the top challenge
    (see Figure 3).


    Figure 3: Pricing is the most critical challenge


    In your (Telco) view, which of the following are the three most critical challenges facing
    mobile operators over the next three years?


             Developing new pricing models                                             48%

     Containing the cost of next-generation
                                                                                    44%
                    network developments
     Ensuring adequate backbone capacity
                                                                              37%
                      for future traffic loads
      Expanding the variety of content and
                                                                             35%
                 services available to users

              Obtaining additional spectrum                        22%

       Identifying new ways of working with
                                                                  21%
                         content providers

                                        Other         5%



    Source: Economist Intelligence Unit survey, June 2010




    Although operators have been moving away from flat rate “All You Can Eat” plans
    to tiered pricing, the scope to improve monetization still exists. In this paper, we
    assess the components that go into designing a pricing model, the operational
    and market pre-requisites for introducing new pricing models, and recommend
    the optimal approach an operator should take to create innovative pricing models.
    Using this framework, operators could potentially create a number of innovative
    pricing plans to suit various high-value customer segments and monetize mobile
    broadband (MBB) demand. In the following section we start by elaborating the
    components of a MBB pricing model that can be used to design new pricing plans.




6
Telecom, Media & Entertainment                     the way we see it




                                                               3	 Components of Mobile
                                                                  Broadband Pricing
                                                               Operators today are looking to increase price discrimination of their mobile
                                                               broadband offers by creating innovative pricing plans that are more personalized.
                                                               Creating such plans requires a clear understanding of the basic components of a
                                                               pricing model for mobile broadband. In this paper, we have defined three major
                                                               components and their sub-components that operators can combine to design a
                                                               mobile broadband pricing model (see Figure 4). Telcos could choose the right
                                                               combination of sub-components to design innovative pricing plans that will
                                                               maximize value. We take a closer look at these components in this section.


Figure 4: Basic Components of a MBB Pricing Model
Components




                      Pricing Structure                            Pricing Metric                            Payment Mode
                 Determines how the customer                The basis/unit to measure usage           The mode of payment for usage
                  will be charged for usage of               & determine price of services                   of the services
                           the service


                                                                  Volume based
                  Flat Rate                                                                             Contract / Post-paid
                   Pricing structure that charges                  Data volume (GB)                      Customer is charged for
                   a single fixed fee for a service,               Connection speed                      usage in the following month
                   regardless of usage                              (MBps)                                (hence 'post' usage)
Sub-components




                  Pay-per-unit                                    Usage time (Hours /                  Pre-paid
                   Pricing structure that assigns                   Days/ Week/ Month)                    Customers add a certain
                   a rate per unit of usage and                                                           amount to their accounts prior       Pricing
                   charged proportionately as                                                             to usage and their maximum           Model
                   the usage increases                             Device specific                       usage is limited to the amount
                  Tiered                                          Location                             Hybrid
                   Pricing structure that assigns                  Time-of-Use                           A combination that has a
                   a rate to each tier based on                    Application / QoS                     fixed monthly fee in addition
                   a criterion established for                                                            to pre-paid component for
                   each tier                                                                              various services
                                                                   Value based


                                                             Customer Management
                                      Pricing structures to increase Loyalty (discounts / promotions) and Bundling
                                               (across services or customers) to increase perceived value




Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis




The Price is Right                                                                                                                                        7
“   	Many players continue       3.1	      Pricing Structures
     to offer unlimited plans    Traditionally operators have used flat rate or subscription plans for contract
     as a potent method for      customers and pay-per-unit structure for pre-paid customers. However, telcos

                             ”
     increasing market share.    realized that flat rate plans are not sustainable as they discovered some heavy
                                 users were affecting quality of service for other customers and reducing monetiza-
                                 tion of bandwidth for operators. Operators have since introduced modified flat
                                 rate plans and tiered plans to tackle this issue. For instance, in Europe, 87% of
                                 the offers marketed as “unlimited” have fair usage policies that either apply
                                 bandwidth reduction beyond a defined cap or impose overage charges.7 However,
                                 this does not mean that unlimited plans are on their way out. Many players
                                 continue to offer them as a potent method for increasing market share.


                                 Figure 5: Choosing the Right Pricing Structure


                                                                                                 In cases where network capacity
                                                                                                  is not a constraint, telcos can use
                                                                                                  the flat rate structure
                                               High




                                                                        Flat Rate Pricing
                                                                                                 It is useful in encouraging
                                                                               Structure
                                                                                                  adoption of mobile broadband
                                 Consumer Usage Levels




                                                                                                  due to billing simplicity

                                                                                                 Tiered pricing structures are
                                                                   Tiered Pricing                 useful when the customer base
                                                                     Structure                    has varied usage levels
                                                                                                 Telcos can essentially charge
                                                                                                  heavy users higher prices and
                                                                                                  light users lower prices if network
                                                          Pay-Per-Unit                            capacity is a constraint
                                                          Pricing Structure
                                                                                                 Pay-per-unit plans are suitable for
                                               Low




                                                                                                  customers that need short-term
                                                                                                  or one-time use of service
                                                         Low                           High
                                                           Un-utilized Network Capacity          When network capacity utilization
                                                                                                  levels are high, telcos can charge
                                                                                                  a premium for smaller units



                                 Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis




                                 We believe that operators should target the kind of pricing structure based
                                 on the customer’s usage patterns and the level of unutilized network capacity
                                 (see Figure 5). Moreover, the price at which such flat rate plans are offered can
                                 make a significant difference to customers, as some of them are willing to pay a
                                 premium for unlimited broadband usage. Thus, operators can offer all three types
                                 of structures and differentiate their offer based on the pricing metrics rather than
                                 the structure alone.




                                 7  Current Analysis, “Three mobile broadband myths busted”, February 2011


8
Telecom, Media & Entertainment                        the way we see it




                                               3.2	      Pricing Metrics
                                               The basis for charging customers is an important factor for operators, as it can be
                                               used to increase price discrimination. Volume-based metrics such as data, speed
                                               and time have been used as the primary pricing metrics for some time; however,
                                               we believe that value-based metrics which are based on consumer context data
                                               should be used. Although volume metrics will be the primary units used for
                                               billing, value-based metrics that require pricing based on type of device used,
                                               location, time-of-use and application or content being consumed should be used
                                               as a secondary means of price discrimination (see Figure 6).


Figure 6: Value-based Pricing Metrics using Consumer Context Information


                               Value Metrics   Volume Metrics                       Application in pricing model
                                                     Data          Data plans or data caps for devices with different consumption levels

                                  Device             Speed         Speed limits by device or speed tiers for different devices

                                                     Time          Device specific time allocation plans for multiple device users
                          w?
                     Ho




                                                     Data          Data bundles based on the location of usage (home network plans)

                                 Location            Speed         Speed tiers based on the location & ‘Turbo boost’ offers at certain
                                                                   locations
                          e?
                     Wher                            Time          Time bundles by location
   Consumer
    Context
                 W                                   Data          Data bundles based on the time-of-use (Unlimited night plans)
                     he
                         n?
                               Time-of-use           Speed         Higher speeds at certain times and throttling during others

                                                     Time          Time bundles for time-of use (1 hr per day + 5 hrs on weekends)
                     Wh
                         at?




                                                     Data          Data cap or data plans for specific apps (Unlimited night plans)

                                Application          Speed         Speed tiers by application used

                                                     Time          Time bundles for certain apps ( 1 hr of video per day)



Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis




“  	Value-based metrics can                    In order to increase monetization of mobile broadband, operators need to price
    be used to extract pockets                 MBB services on the basis of what is easier for the customer to understand rather
    of customer value that the                 than network related parameters. Consequently, customers need to be clearly
    more generalized volume                    informed of their consumption levels to reduce complexity. This is better achieved

                           ”
    metrics cannot.                            by using a combination of a value-based and volume-based metric. For example,
                                               if video content is charged by the minute or hour of viewing, it is easy for custom-
                                               ers to understand their level of consumption. In this case the volume metric is
                                               time and the value metric is the content being consumed. The ability of value
                                               metrics to increase differentiation of MBB plans make it the most important com-
                                               ponent of the model and operators should use such value metrics. For instance,
                                               Smartone (Hong Kong) delivers tiered MBB services based on bandwidth usage
                                               and time, as well as applications on demand.

                                               3.3	     Payment Modes
                                               Operator’s choice of payment modes has traditionally been between contract
                                               plans and pre-paid plans. Across markets, the ratio of contract customers to pre-
                                               paid customers varies based on the maturity of the market and the preferences


The Price is Right                                                                                                                         9
of customers. In Europe, contract-based payment constitutes a sizeable portion
     of customers, which is also preferred by operators due to the higher ARPU levels.
     For instance, Vodafone has an average ARPU8 of €36.5 for contract customers
     across its European markets, compared to just €8.5 for pre-paid customers.9

     However, over the last three years the number of pre-paid customers has been on
     the rise while the growth of contract customers has been stagnant. In addition,
     contract-free or ‘30-day plans’ have become increasingly popular in Europe and
     the US with the launch of devices such as SIM-only tablets. For operators to main-
     tain the advantage of higher ‘stickiness’ offered by contract plans and also provide
     customers the level of control offered by pre-paid, operators should offer hybrid
     payment mode for MBB services. T-Mobile UK, for instance, launched a hybrid
     plan called the “You Fix” plan. Customers get a fixed allowance of minutes, texts
     and other services for a fixed monthly amount, on a short 12-month plan and for
     any more minutes or texts needed, customers can simply top-up as they would
     on a pre-paid plan.10 Customers can also choose from a range of smartphones,
     including Android and BlackBerry, for a small upfront payment or for free. Thus,
     customers could get the advantage of subsidized devices and a low fixed monthly
     payment similar to post-paid plans along with the flexibility to use data services,
     choose pricing options and control on usage offered by pre-paid plans.

     In the next section, we delve into the pre-requisites that are essential to ensure
     success of their new MBB plans.




     8  Average Revenue Per User
     9  Capgemini Analysis and Vodafone Quarterly Reports
     10  T-mobile (UK) ,” T-Mobile launches unique You Fix plan”, August 2011


10
Telecom, Media & Entertainment                        the way we see it




                                                4	 Assessing the Pre-requisites
                                                   for New Pricing Models
                                                Prior to introducing new pricing plans, operators need to assess pre-requisites
                                                that are essential to ensure success of these new MBB plans. Internally, operators
                                                have to assess if their systems are geared to handle the increased reliance on IT,
                                                billing and customer relationship management (CRM), while externally customer
                                                readiness, competitor dynamics and regulations need to be favorable
                                                (see Figure 7). The analysis of these pre-requisites will form a vital input to the
                                                pricing strategy of the operator and ultimately affect the design of the pricing
                                                model. In this section, we elaborate on how operators will have to assess these
                                                pre-requisites and actions they need to take.


Figure 7: Pre-requisites to Introducing Innovative Pricing Models




                                                                                                  IT Systems
                                                                                   The BSS and OSS systems need to be
                                                                                   integrated and upgraded to handle new
                                                                                   pricing models and strategies
                             Introducing new pricing models
                             will require changes in internal
                             operations to facilitate faster                                    Billing & CRM
                             time-to-market
                                                                                   Marketing machinery of the organization
                                                                                   will need to be ready to service and
                                                                                   promote new plans
                             Operational
                                                                                                                                    Linked
   Pricing Strategy
   Pre-requisites                                                                          Customer Readiness
                                                                                   Customer perception of complexity versus
                             Market                                                value of the new pricing plan could lead to
                                                                                   change in churn rates

                             New pricing models also                                       Competitor Dynamics
                             require market conditions
                             to be favorable and telcos
                                                                                   Competitors may react by fighting the
                             need to be prepared to                                change in pricing strategy or following it
                             address changes

                                                                                          Regulatory Framework
                                                                                   Regulatory restrictions and policies may
                                                                                   be passed that constrain certain pricing
                                                                                   strategies




Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis




                                                Telcos need to adopt broader architectural principles in
                                                changing IT systems to facilitate new pricing models.




The Price is Right                                                                                                                      11
4.1	     Operational Pre-requisites
                                       The introduction of new pricing plans requires operators to have their operations
                                       prepped for the additional demands of pricing flexibility, analysis of large amount
                                       of data and managing the digital customer experience. The highest impact of new
                                       pricing plans on the operators’ operations will be on the IT, billing and CRM.

                                       Telcos need to adopt broader architectural principles in changing IT systems to
                                       facilitate new pricing models. Currently, systems are monolithic and aligned to
                                       a specific service offered; leading to data fragmentation as customer, product,
                                       inventory, and identity information is located in multiple sources. These silos
                                       have to be broken to make IT systems more integrated, real-time and modular
                                       with all data consolidated.

                                       In addition, operators’ billing systems have traditionally been designed to handle
                                       Call Detail Record (CDR) -based metered pricing for voice and simple flat-rate
                                       pricing for data. Billing systems need to be equipped to offer dynamic data pricing
                                       plans based on volume, time-of-the-day, bandwidth and Quality of Service (SoS)
                                       or a combination of these factors. This will require more advanced policy control
                                       that is at the heart of the operator’s Business Support Systems and Operations Sup-
                                       port Systems (BSS and OSS). There are ‘off-the-shelf’ solutions available that offer
                                       advanced policy management for MBB, but transitioning from legacy systems can
                                       be costly, requiring a careful assessment of the operator’s IT portfolio.

                                       The increasing importance of digital channels requires the operator’s CRM to be
                                       digitally focused. Operators have to ensure they have next-generation systems
                                       that support multi-channel integration, intelligent customer service such as chat
                                       bots11, and utilize social media effectively. AT&T for instance provides a simple
                                       ‘Data Calculator’ to help customers decide the right plan based on the calculated
                                       usage. Besides, telcos could provide apps that interact with the BSS/OSS to help
                                       customers increase control and flexibility, especially in location, time-of-use and
                                       QoS-based plans.



“    	Operators should anticipate      4.2	      Market Pre-requisites
      price responses to new pricing   In order for a new pricing plan to succeed, market conditions should be condu-
      plans and use game theory        cive, which is essentially determined from an assessment of the customer, com-

                          ”
      to predict outcomes.             petitors and the regulatory framework.

                                       Operators can gauge customer readiness using data from their CRM systems,
                                       applying analytics and monitoring social media. Moreover, tried and tested meth-
                                       ods such as ‘voice of the customer’ analysis (VoC), focus group discussions and
                                       test-marketing also provide indication of customer acceptance of new MBB plans.

                                       At the same time, operators also need to assess the competitive dynamics at play
                                       and predict the reaction of competitors. Game theory is not new to telcos; in 2006
                                       auction of radio-spectrum licenses by America’s FCC, Time Warner and Comcast
                                       paid about a third less than their competitors for equivalent spectrum, saving
                                       almost $1.2 billion by using game theorists to predict outcomes.12 Similarly, price
                                       wars can be considered as a non-cooperative game where information on a firm’s
                                       response to its competitors price change can be used to find an equilibrium that
                                       provides the most beneficial payoff. Largely competitive reaction would fall into
                                       two categories – Fight or Follow. For example, in 2009, except for Telenor all
                                       other Swedish mobile operators discontinued unlimited MBB plans. Telenor’s
                                       market share grew, while all others suffered a drop in market share. Observing
                                       the drop in market share Tele2 and Hi3G re-introduced unlimited plans in 2010,

                                       11  A chat-bot is a computer program designed to simulate the responses of a real support agent.
                                       12  The Economist, “Game Theory in Practice - Software that models human behavior can make forecasts,
                                         outfox rivals and transform negotiations”, September, 2011


12
Telecom, Media & Entertainment                        the way we see it




                     although the incumbent Telia chose not to offer unlimited plans. Thus, operators
                     need to anticipate and understand possible scenarios to manage risk of introduc-
                     ing new plans more proactively.

                     Another important factor is the regulatory framework, where issues such as price
                     regulations and net neutrality could put a spoke in the wheel of an operator’s plan
                     to introduce new MBB pricing plans. The US FCC has already published net neu-
                     trality laws, while Norway’s NPT and Sweden’s PTS have published guidelines.
                     France’s ARCEP and UK’s Ofcom have published discussion documents in 2010
                     and have made proposals on net neutrality laws.13 Largely the regulators intend
                     to ensure that mobile broadband providers do not block or discriminate against
                     lawful websites, or block applications that compete with their voice or video
                     telephony services. Besides, the laws also require mobile broadband providers
                     disclose their network management practices, performance characteristics, and
                     commercial terms of their broadband services which may be a source of competi-
                     tive advantage. In addition, innovative pricing plans that require telcos to imple-
                     ment deep packet inspection (DPI) may not comply with net neutrality laws in
                     some countries such as the US. This will further push operators towards the ‘Data
                     Pipe’ scenario and threaten their sustainability. Operators will have to be careful
                     not to violate these laws and actively participate in the formation of these laws.

                     In the concluding section we recommend a process-outline that would enable the
                     operator to reap the benefits of rising MBB demand and surging data volumes.




                     13  FCC (US) – Federal Communications Commission; NPT – Norwegian Post and Telecommunication
                       Authority; PTS – Swedish Post and Telecommunication Authority; ARCEP (France) - Authorité de
                       Régulation des Communications Électroniques et des Postes; Ofcom (UK) – Office of Communications.


The Price is Right                                                                                                    13
5	 Pricing Process to
        Maximize Value
     Operators have the opportunity to ride the surge in demand for mobile broad-
     band services and monetize the increasing data consumption levels. However, as
     we have already determined, they would have to first create innovative pricing
     plans. In order to have a continuous supply of innovative pricing plans and stay
     ahead of the curve, a holistic pricing process has to be constituted that starts with
     forming pricing principles, and goes on to identifying target segments, designing
     personalized pricing models and finally launching these plans via the right
     channels (see Figure 8).


     Figure 8: Holistic Mobile Broadband Pricing Strategy


      Pricing strategy                                                                           Use analytics to segment
       principles based on                                                                         customers
       market power and            MBB Pricing                            Cu                      Target customers that
       market maturity              Principles                                s
                                                                          I d to                   offer highest Customer
      Decide on aggres-                                                     e                     Lifecycle Value (CLV)



                                                                             m i f ic a
                                                                              er
                                                                              nt
       sive or defensive                                                                          Focus on customer needs



                                                                                 S eg o n
       stance                                                                                      to drive pricing

                                                                                        ti
      Form a strategic

                                                                                         me nt
       market positioning                                       Pricing
                                 D is t ri b u




                                                               Strategy
                                        L a u on S




      Form an advertising                                                                        Decide on the pricing
                                               nc
                                               ti




       and promotion                              &                            g                   structure
                                                  h




                                                                                   n




                                            tr                             cin
                                                                               ig




       strategy                                  at
                                                      eg                Pri Des                   Choose the optimal
                                                           y                l
      Ensure a risk mitiga-                                        M   ode                        pricing metrics and price
       tion plan is in place                                                                       points for a segment
      Use digital channels to                                                                    Decide the best payment
       sell and promote                                                                            mode



     Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab




     5.1	      Choosing the right pricing strategy
     Operators will have to form an overarching set of pricing principles that would
     form the basis of their pricing strategy. These principles should be decided based
     on the market power of the operator and the maturity of the market. The opera-
     tor may be an incumbent, challenger or new entrant, while the market may be
     nascent, growing or mature and there are multiple strategic options that the opera-
     tor may choose that vary based on their position. The operator may decide to price
     competitively or focus on niche segment for premium pricing. The operator might
     also decide to provide a loss leader for some time if it can eliminate competition.
     In the case of AT&T, the incumbent withdrew their flat rate plans for the iPhone
     in June 2010. Verizon, the challenger, followed the subsequent year to ensure that
     they retain their customers, while T-mobile and Sprint continue to offer flat rate
     plans to fight AT&T’s move and win customers away from the incumbent.

     5.2	     Customer segmentation for personalized pricing
     In order to launch more personalized pricing plans that have higher price dis-
     crimination, operators will have to identify high-value consumer segments. Iden-
     tifying consumer segments requires advanced analytics to be conducted on usage

14
Telecom, Media & Entertainment                           the way we see it




                                   patterns and customer data that would give the operator a significant competitive
                                   advantage. Sophisticated segmentation requires the use of statistical tools such as
                                   cluster analysis and factor analysis. Data analytics not only helps in identifying
                                   high-value customer segments but also in predictive modeling that can indicate
                                   the success of a new pricing model.

                                   5.3	      Designing the pricing model
                                   Designing the pricing model requires a clear understanding of the components
                                   and deciding the right combination of the sub-components for the target segment.
                                   Apart from combining the right sub-components, operators must also identify the
                                   optimal pricing point. This can be achieved by determining the price elasticity of
                                   an existing service or in the case of a new service, the Van Westerndrop analy-
                                   sis14 can be used to determine optimal price. Operators need to strike the right
                                   balance between using multiple components to increase price discrimination and
                                   preserving the simplicity of the plan so that customer acceptance is high.



“  	We believe that the digital    5.4	      Launching new pricing plans
    channel will gain more         While creating the pricing plan, operators should also consider their launch
    importance over the next few   strategy as a critical factor for success. The launch strategy will vary by target seg-
    years and operators have       ment and choosing the right channel for launch is important. We believe that the
    to be ready to serve a new     digital channel will gain more importance over the next few years and operators

                       ”
    breed of customers.            have to be ready to serve a new breed of customers. Consequently, operators will
                                   also have to look at improving their online marketing capabilities by using social
                                   media, search engine optimization, using viral videos and banner ads. Some
                                   operators such as Orange have already launched ‘Sosh’, a Mobile Virtual Network
                                   Operator (MVNO) that caters to the ‘ultra-connected’. The service plans will be
                                   sold exclusively online and the brand looks to create a community of users that
                                   will help co-create new offers.

                                   5.5	     Conclusion
                                   The manifold growth in data traffic has not translated into a corresponding
                                   growth in data revenues, and has thus brought the mobile operator’s business
                                   model under scrutiny. To address this issue and take advantage of the tremen-
                                   dous revenue generation potential of the fast-growing mobile broadband market,
                                   operators need to act quickly by formulating innovative pricing models. After a
                                   thorough assessment of the operational as well as marketing requisites, the opera-
                                   tor can create a pricing process that would help personalize the pricing plans
                                   to suit unique customer segments, and launch these through the appropriate
                                   channels. Operators that offer flexible and innovative pricing plans would be able
                                   to successfully monetize the growth in data traffic, and thus sustain and grow in
                                   this highly competitive market.




                                   14  Van Westerndrop’s Price Sensitivity Meter (PSM) is a market research technique for determining
                                     consumer price preferences by surveying customers on various price points to determine the limits of
                                     sensitivity and determine optimal price.


The Price is Right                                                                                                                          15
www.capgemini.com/tme




About the TME Strategy Lab
Telecom & Media Insights is published by the TME Strategy Lab, a global network of
strategy consultants dedicated to generating content-rich insights into the telecom and
media industries. The Lab conducts in-depth strategic research and analysis to generate
leading-edge Points of View on crucial industry topics that stimulate new ideas and help
drive innovation for our clients.

Lab activities include:

 Research Points of Views on emerging industry trends: The Lab develops in-depth
  strategic research reports on emerging industry issues that are relatively under-explored,
  but have significant implications for players. The Lab conducts these studies
  independently or in collaboration with external partners.

 Monitoring key developments in the telecom and media market: The Lab closely monitors
  key developments relating to selected industry topical issues. This research is updated
  quarterly and generates data and insight-rich reports on the selected industry topics.

 Bespoke research and analysis: The Lab delivers highly value-added strategic research
  and analysis projects to clients addressing crucial issues relating to their business.




                     About Capgemini and the
                     Collaborative Business Experience

                With around 120,000               and drive the results they want. A deeply
               people in 40 countries,            multicultural organization, Capgemini
 Capgemini is one of the world’s foremost         has developed its own way of working,
 providers of consulting, technology and          the Collaborative Business Experience™,
 outsourcing services. The Group reported         and draws on Rightshore®, its worldwide
 2011 global revenues of EUR 9.7 billion.         delivery model.

 Together with its clients, Capgemini             More information about our services,
 creates and delivers business and                offices and research is available at
 technology solutions that fit their needs        www.capgemini.com




For more information contact:

Jerome Buvat
Head of Strategic Research, Telecom,
Media & Entertainment
jerome.buvat@capgemini.com
+44 (0) 870 905 3186
                                                                                                                       FEB2012SSC

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TME Pricing Strategies for Mobile Broadband Services

  • 1. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it The Price is Right Pricing Strategies for Mobile Broadband Services Telecom & Media Insights Innovative pricing model
  • 2. Contents 1 Abstract 3 2 Current Scenario and Need for New Pricing Strategies 4 3 Components of Mobile Broadband Pricing 7 3.1 Pricing Structures 8 3.2 Pricing Metrics 9 3.3 Payment Modes 9 4 Assessing the Pre-requisites for New Pricing Models 11 4.1 Operational Pre-requisites 12 4.2 Market Pre-requisites 12 5 Pricing Process to Maximize Value 14 5.1 Choosing the right pricing strategy 14 5.2 Customer segmentation for personalized pricing 14 5.3 Designing the pricing model 15 5.4 Launching new pricing plans 15 5.5 Conclusion 15 ©  2012 Capgemini. All Rights Reserved. Rightshore ® is a trademark belonging to Capgemini. No part of this document may be modified, deleted or expanded by any process or means without prior written permission from Capgemini.
  • 3. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it 1 Abstract Since 2006, most developed countries have seen rapid growth in the adoption of mobile broadband. In addition, the proliferation of new mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, along with the consumption of high-bandwidth services such as content streaming, VoIP and mobile cloud services has led to a drastic increase in data traffic. However, data revenues have not kept pace with this growth in traffic and the widening gap is putting pressure on the sustainability of a mobile operator’s business model. We believe that the pricing of mobile broadband is a critical lever for operators to effectively monetize this growing data consumption. Telcos should introduce innovative pricing models that are tailored for specific consumer segments and designed based on consumer-context information such as the device used, loca- tion, time-of-use and service being consumed rather than only the volume of consumption. Designing these innovative pricing models requires a clear under- standing of the components of a mobile broadband pricing model and operational as well as market pre-requisites that allow the rapid roll-out of these new pricing models. Consequently, telcos should constitute a pricing process that includes identifying high-value customer segments, designing tailored pricing models, and then launching these new plans using traditional and digital channels. The Price is Right 3
  • 4. 2 Current Scenario and Need for New Pricing Strategies The mobile broadband market has been growing rapidly since 2006 as more consumers adopt the ‘always connected’ lifestyle. In developed countries, Inter- net connections have reached high levels of penetration, with average household penetration at 65% in 2010; twice that of the global average of 29%.1 Interestingly, mobile broadband has been instrumental in increasing the penetration levels due to the degree of mobility offered over fixed broadband. By the end of 2010, there were 51.1 mobile broadband connections as compared to 24.6 fixed broadband connections for every 100 inhabitants in developed countries.2 This demand for high-speed connectivity ‘on the move’ is expected to increase further with the growing adoption of mobile computing devices such as smart- phones and tablets. In addition, consumers are being offered faster mobile broadband connections and innovative services that are fuelling demand for mobile broadband (see Figure 1). Thus, for telcos this growth in data services is an opportunity to make up for stagnant voice revenues. However, operators have yet to develop a successful model to effectively harness this mobile broadband growth engine. Figure 1: Key Drivers for Mobile Broadband Traffic Growth  Smartphones and Tablets have crossed an inflection point, Mobile Internet Device with numbers overtaking Desktop and Notebook PCs Adoption  Mobile Internet Devices with higher processing power and access speeds have higher data consumption  Content sharing among digital consumers is on the rise Content and VOIP/IM Services  Globally, video streaming grew by 97%, while VOIP/IM grew by 84% in H1 2010 Mobile Data Traffic Growth  Several consumer-cloud services available on the mobile platform have been launched Mobile cloud services  Apple’s iCloud, Google cloud applications and Microsoft’s Skydrive will all increase data transfer volumes over MBB  Worldwide M2M modules will reach 210 million units shipment Smart Technology by 2015 as the push for ‘digitalization’ continues Uptake  Data consumption of M2M modules is also forecasted to grow rapidly to reach 3.6 Exabyte per annum Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis; Allot Communications, ”Global Mobile Broadband Traffic Report”, July 2010 ; ABI Research, “Cellular Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Markets “, September 2010; Cisco, “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2010–2015”, Feb 2011 1  ITU Statistics Database 2010 2  Capgemini analysis and ITU Statistics Database 2010; The developed/developing country classifications are based on the UN M49, see: http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/definitions/regions/index.html 4
  • 5. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it Although the opportunity for telcos in mobile broadband looks promising, rapidly increasing mobile data traffic does raise some concern. The increase in mobile data traffic is being seen across geographies: Telecom Italia delivered 15 times more mobile data traffic in 2010 compared to 2007; AT&T reported traffic jump- ing by a factor of 30 from Q3 2009 to Q3 2010; while China Unicom’s 3G services saw a 62% traffic increase in Q2 2010 alone.3 In the UK, the volume of mobile data transferred over the mobile networks has increased 40-fold over the last three years.4 Worldwide mobile data traffic is forecasted to grow at 108% per year to reach 3.6 Exabytes per month by 2015.5 However, increasing mobile data traffic has not resulted in an equal increase in revenues, as mobile operators in developed markets make only a third of their revenue from data traffic which is three-quarters of their total network traffic6 (see Figure 2). However, these forecasts are based on current business models and pricing assumptions which telcos can change to monetize the demand for mobile broadband. Figure 2: The Volume and Revenue Gap Worldwide Mobile Data Consumption Index of Mobile Data Revenue and Volume, PB/Month, 2010-15 Data Volume (Base year 2010) 3000 CAGR 6,107 92.5% 3,717 2500 2,146 1,136 Value not captured by Telcos 231 533 2000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 1500 Worldwide Mobile Data Revenue, $Bn, 2010–10 26x CAGR 1000 12.3% 456 419 380 338 297 500 255 100 2x 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Data Revenue Data Volume Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis; WCIS Forecasts, 2011; Cisco, “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2010–2015”, 2011 “ Analyst forecasts indicate that data volumes will increase 26 ” times, while revenue will only double over the next 5 years.  3  Ars Technica, “World mobile data traffic to explode by factor of 26 by 2015”, April 2011 4  Ofcom, “The Communications Market 2011”, August 2011 5  Cisco Visual Networking Index, “Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update 2009-2014” 6  Based on North American market, Morgan Stanley, “Mobile Internet Report”, December 2009 The Price is Right 5
  • 6. The disconnect is proving to be expensive for telcos who are facing shrinking profitability as network traffic increases and the investment need for latest technologies grows and revenues stagnate. With most opportunities for cost reduction exhausted, telcos must now focus on enhancing revenues by getting their pricing models right. A survey of top telco executives revealed that in the next three years developing innovative pricing models to ensure that revenues keep pace with growing mobile data consumption will be the top challenge (see Figure 3). Figure 3: Pricing is the most critical challenge In your (Telco) view, which of the following are the three most critical challenges facing mobile operators over the next three years? Developing new pricing models 48% Containing the cost of next-generation 44% network developments Ensuring adequate backbone capacity 37% for future traffic loads Expanding the variety of content and 35% services available to users Obtaining additional spectrum 22% Identifying new ways of working with 21% content providers Other 5% Source: Economist Intelligence Unit survey, June 2010 Although operators have been moving away from flat rate “All You Can Eat” plans to tiered pricing, the scope to improve monetization still exists. In this paper, we assess the components that go into designing a pricing model, the operational and market pre-requisites for introducing new pricing models, and recommend the optimal approach an operator should take to create innovative pricing models. Using this framework, operators could potentially create a number of innovative pricing plans to suit various high-value customer segments and monetize mobile broadband (MBB) demand. In the following section we start by elaborating the components of a MBB pricing model that can be used to design new pricing plans. 6
  • 7. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it 3 Components of Mobile Broadband Pricing Operators today are looking to increase price discrimination of their mobile broadband offers by creating innovative pricing plans that are more personalized. Creating such plans requires a clear understanding of the basic components of a pricing model for mobile broadband. In this paper, we have defined three major components and their sub-components that operators can combine to design a mobile broadband pricing model (see Figure 4). Telcos could choose the right combination of sub-components to design innovative pricing plans that will maximize value. We take a closer look at these components in this section. Figure 4: Basic Components of a MBB Pricing Model Components Pricing Structure Pricing Metric Payment Mode Determines how the customer The basis/unit to measure usage The mode of payment for usage will be charged for usage of & determine price of services of the services the service Volume based  Flat Rate  Contract / Post-paid Pricing structure that charges  Data volume (GB) Customer is charged for a single fixed fee for a service,  Connection speed usage in the following month regardless of usage (MBps) (hence 'post' usage) Sub-components  Pay-per-unit  Usage time (Hours /  Pre-paid Pricing structure that assigns Days/ Week/ Month) Customers add a certain a rate per unit of usage and amount to their accounts prior Pricing charged proportionately as to usage and their maximum Model the usage increases  Device specific usage is limited to the amount  Tiered  Location  Hybrid Pricing structure that assigns  Time-of-Use A combination that has a a rate to each tier based on  Application / QoS fixed monthly fee in addition a criterion established for to pre-paid component for each tier various services Value based Customer Management Pricing structures to increase Loyalty (discounts / promotions) and Bundling (across services or customers) to increase perceived value Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis The Price is Right 7
  • 8. Many players continue 3.1 Pricing Structures to offer unlimited plans Traditionally operators have used flat rate or subscription plans for contract as a potent method for customers and pay-per-unit structure for pre-paid customers. However, telcos ” increasing market share.  realized that flat rate plans are not sustainable as they discovered some heavy users were affecting quality of service for other customers and reducing monetiza- tion of bandwidth for operators. Operators have since introduced modified flat rate plans and tiered plans to tackle this issue. For instance, in Europe, 87% of the offers marketed as “unlimited” have fair usage policies that either apply bandwidth reduction beyond a defined cap or impose overage charges.7 However, this does not mean that unlimited plans are on their way out. Many players continue to offer them as a potent method for increasing market share. Figure 5: Choosing the Right Pricing Structure  In cases where network capacity is not a constraint, telcos can use the flat rate structure High Flat Rate Pricing  It is useful in encouraging Structure adoption of mobile broadband Consumer Usage Levels due to billing simplicity  Tiered pricing structures are Tiered Pricing useful when the customer base Structure has varied usage levels  Telcos can essentially charge heavy users higher prices and light users lower prices if network Pay-Per-Unit capacity is a constraint Pricing Structure  Pay-per-unit plans are suitable for Low customers that need short-term or one-time use of service Low High Un-utilized Network Capacity  When network capacity utilization levels are high, telcos can charge a premium for smaller units Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis We believe that operators should target the kind of pricing structure based on the customer’s usage patterns and the level of unutilized network capacity (see Figure 5). Moreover, the price at which such flat rate plans are offered can make a significant difference to customers, as some of them are willing to pay a premium for unlimited broadband usage. Thus, operators can offer all three types of structures and differentiate their offer based on the pricing metrics rather than the structure alone. 7  Current Analysis, “Three mobile broadband myths busted”, February 2011 8
  • 9. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it 3.2 Pricing Metrics The basis for charging customers is an important factor for operators, as it can be used to increase price discrimination. Volume-based metrics such as data, speed and time have been used as the primary pricing metrics for some time; however, we believe that value-based metrics which are based on consumer context data should be used. Although volume metrics will be the primary units used for billing, value-based metrics that require pricing based on type of device used, location, time-of-use and application or content being consumed should be used as a secondary means of price discrimination (see Figure 6). Figure 6: Value-based Pricing Metrics using Consumer Context Information Value Metrics Volume Metrics Application in pricing model Data Data plans or data caps for devices with different consumption levels Device Speed Speed limits by device or speed tiers for different devices Time Device specific time allocation plans for multiple device users w? Ho Data Data bundles based on the location of usage (home network plans) Location Speed Speed tiers based on the location & ‘Turbo boost’ offers at certain locations e? Wher Time Time bundles by location Consumer Context W Data Data bundles based on the time-of-use (Unlimited night plans) he n? Time-of-use Speed Higher speeds at certain times and throttling during others Time Time bundles for time-of use (1 hr per day + 5 hrs on weekends) Wh at? Data Data cap or data plans for specific apps (Unlimited night plans) Application Speed Speed tiers by application used Time Time bundles for certain apps ( 1 hr of video per day) Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis “ Value-based metrics can In order to increase monetization of mobile broadband, operators need to price be used to extract pockets MBB services on the basis of what is easier for the customer to understand rather of customer value that the than network related parameters. Consequently, customers need to be clearly more generalized volume informed of their consumption levels to reduce complexity. This is better achieved ” metrics cannot.  by using a combination of a value-based and volume-based metric. For example, if video content is charged by the minute or hour of viewing, it is easy for custom- ers to understand their level of consumption. In this case the volume metric is time and the value metric is the content being consumed. The ability of value metrics to increase differentiation of MBB plans make it the most important com- ponent of the model and operators should use such value metrics. For instance, Smartone (Hong Kong) delivers tiered MBB services based on bandwidth usage and time, as well as applications on demand. 3.3 Payment Modes Operator’s choice of payment modes has traditionally been between contract plans and pre-paid plans. Across markets, the ratio of contract customers to pre- paid customers varies based on the maturity of the market and the preferences The Price is Right 9
  • 10. of customers. In Europe, contract-based payment constitutes a sizeable portion of customers, which is also preferred by operators due to the higher ARPU levels. For instance, Vodafone has an average ARPU8 of €36.5 for contract customers across its European markets, compared to just €8.5 for pre-paid customers.9 However, over the last three years the number of pre-paid customers has been on the rise while the growth of contract customers has been stagnant. In addition, contract-free or ‘30-day plans’ have become increasingly popular in Europe and the US with the launch of devices such as SIM-only tablets. For operators to main- tain the advantage of higher ‘stickiness’ offered by contract plans and also provide customers the level of control offered by pre-paid, operators should offer hybrid payment mode for MBB services. T-Mobile UK, for instance, launched a hybrid plan called the “You Fix” plan. Customers get a fixed allowance of minutes, texts and other services for a fixed monthly amount, on a short 12-month plan and for any more minutes or texts needed, customers can simply top-up as they would on a pre-paid plan.10 Customers can also choose from a range of smartphones, including Android and BlackBerry, for a small upfront payment or for free. Thus, customers could get the advantage of subsidized devices and a low fixed monthly payment similar to post-paid plans along with the flexibility to use data services, choose pricing options and control on usage offered by pre-paid plans. In the next section, we delve into the pre-requisites that are essential to ensure success of their new MBB plans. 8  Average Revenue Per User 9  Capgemini Analysis and Vodafone Quarterly Reports 10  T-mobile (UK) ,” T-Mobile launches unique You Fix plan”, August 2011 10
  • 11. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it 4 Assessing the Pre-requisites for New Pricing Models Prior to introducing new pricing plans, operators need to assess pre-requisites that are essential to ensure success of these new MBB plans. Internally, operators have to assess if their systems are geared to handle the increased reliance on IT, billing and customer relationship management (CRM), while externally customer readiness, competitor dynamics and regulations need to be favorable (see Figure 7). The analysis of these pre-requisites will form a vital input to the pricing strategy of the operator and ultimately affect the design of the pricing model. In this section, we elaborate on how operators will have to assess these pre-requisites and actions they need to take. Figure 7: Pre-requisites to Introducing Innovative Pricing Models IT Systems The BSS and OSS systems need to be integrated and upgraded to handle new pricing models and strategies Introducing new pricing models will require changes in internal operations to facilitate faster Billing & CRM time-to-market Marketing machinery of the organization will need to be ready to service and promote new plans Operational Linked Pricing Strategy Pre-requisites Customer Readiness Customer perception of complexity versus Market value of the new pricing plan could lead to change in churn rates New pricing models also Competitor Dynamics require market conditions to be favorable and telcos Competitors may react by fighting the need to be prepared to change in pricing strategy or following it address changes Regulatory Framework Regulatory restrictions and policies may be passed that constrain certain pricing strategies Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab analysis Telcos need to adopt broader architectural principles in changing IT systems to facilitate new pricing models. The Price is Right 11
  • 12. 4.1 Operational Pre-requisites The introduction of new pricing plans requires operators to have their operations prepped for the additional demands of pricing flexibility, analysis of large amount of data and managing the digital customer experience. The highest impact of new pricing plans on the operators’ operations will be on the IT, billing and CRM. Telcos need to adopt broader architectural principles in changing IT systems to facilitate new pricing models. Currently, systems are monolithic and aligned to a specific service offered; leading to data fragmentation as customer, product, inventory, and identity information is located in multiple sources. These silos have to be broken to make IT systems more integrated, real-time and modular with all data consolidated. In addition, operators’ billing systems have traditionally been designed to handle Call Detail Record (CDR) -based metered pricing for voice and simple flat-rate pricing for data. Billing systems need to be equipped to offer dynamic data pricing plans based on volume, time-of-the-day, bandwidth and Quality of Service (SoS) or a combination of these factors. This will require more advanced policy control that is at the heart of the operator’s Business Support Systems and Operations Sup- port Systems (BSS and OSS). There are ‘off-the-shelf’ solutions available that offer advanced policy management for MBB, but transitioning from legacy systems can be costly, requiring a careful assessment of the operator’s IT portfolio. The increasing importance of digital channels requires the operator’s CRM to be digitally focused. Operators have to ensure they have next-generation systems that support multi-channel integration, intelligent customer service such as chat bots11, and utilize social media effectively. AT&T for instance provides a simple ‘Data Calculator’ to help customers decide the right plan based on the calculated usage. Besides, telcos could provide apps that interact with the BSS/OSS to help customers increase control and flexibility, especially in location, time-of-use and QoS-based plans. “ Operators should anticipate 4.2 Market Pre-requisites price responses to new pricing In order for a new pricing plan to succeed, market conditions should be condu- plans and use game theory cive, which is essentially determined from an assessment of the customer, com- ” to predict outcomes.  petitors and the regulatory framework. Operators can gauge customer readiness using data from their CRM systems, applying analytics and monitoring social media. Moreover, tried and tested meth- ods such as ‘voice of the customer’ analysis (VoC), focus group discussions and test-marketing also provide indication of customer acceptance of new MBB plans. At the same time, operators also need to assess the competitive dynamics at play and predict the reaction of competitors. Game theory is not new to telcos; in 2006 auction of radio-spectrum licenses by America’s FCC, Time Warner and Comcast paid about a third less than their competitors for equivalent spectrum, saving almost $1.2 billion by using game theorists to predict outcomes.12 Similarly, price wars can be considered as a non-cooperative game where information on a firm’s response to its competitors price change can be used to find an equilibrium that provides the most beneficial payoff. Largely competitive reaction would fall into two categories – Fight or Follow. For example, in 2009, except for Telenor all other Swedish mobile operators discontinued unlimited MBB plans. Telenor’s market share grew, while all others suffered a drop in market share. Observing the drop in market share Tele2 and Hi3G re-introduced unlimited plans in 2010, 11  A chat-bot is a computer program designed to simulate the responses of a real support agent. 12  The Economist, “Game Theory in Practice - Software that models human behavior can make forecasts, outfox rivals and transform negotiations”, September, 2011 12
  • 13. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it although the incumbent Telia chose not to offer unlimited plans. Thus, operators need to anticipate and understand possible scenarios to manage risk of introduc- ing new plans more proactively. Another important factor is the regulatory framework, where issues such as price regulations and net neutrality could put a spoke in the wheel of an operator’s plan to introduce new MBB pricing plans. The US FCC has already published net neu- trality laws, while Norway’s NPT and Sweden’s PTS have published guidelines. France’s ARCEP and UK’s Ofcom have published discussion documents in 2010 and have made proposals on net neutrality laws.13 Largely the regulators intend to ensure that mobile broadband providers do not block or discriminate against lawful websites, or block applications that compete with their voice or video telephony services. Besides, the laws also require mobile broadband providers disclose their network management practices, performance characteristics, and commercial terms of their broadband services which may be a source of competi- tive advantage. In addition, innovative pricing plans that require telcos to imple- ment deep packet inspection (DPI) may not comply with net neutrality laws in some countries such as the US. This will further push operators towards the ‘Data Pipe’ scenario and threaten their sustainability. Operators will have to be careful not to violate these laws and actively participate in the formation of these laws. In the concluding section we recommend a process-outline that would enable the operator to reap the benefits of rising MBB demand and surging data volumes. 13  FCC (US) – Federal Communications Commission; NPT – Norwegian Post and Telecommunication Authority; PTS – Swedish Post and Telecommunication Authority; ARCEP (France) - Authorité de Régulation des Communications Électroniques et des Postes; Ofcom (UK) – Office of Communications. The Price is Right 13
  • 14. 5 Pricing Process to Maximize Value Operators have the opportunity to ride the surge in demand for mobile broad- band services and monetize the increasing data consumption levels. However, as we have already determined, they would have to first create innovative pricing plans. In order to have a continuous supply of innovative pricing plans and stay ahead of the curve, a holistic pricing process has to be constituted that starts with forming pricing principles, and goes on to identifying target segments, designing personalized pricing models and finally launching these plans via the right channels (see Figure 8). Figure 8: Holistic Mobile Broadband Pricing Strategy  Pricing strategy  Use analytics to segment principles based on customers market power and MBB Pricing Cu  Target customers that market maturity Principles s I d to offer highest Customer  Decide on aggres- e Lifecycle Value (CLV) m i f ic a er nt sive or defensive  Focus on customer needs S eg o n stance to drive pricing ti  Form a strategic me nt market positioning Pricing D is t ri b u Strategy L a u on S  Form an advertising  Decide on the pricing nc ti and promotion & g structure h n tr cin ig strategy at eg Pri Des  Choose the optimal y l  Ensure a risk mitiga- M ode pricing metrics and price tion plan is in place points for a segment  Use digital channels to  Decide the best payment sell and promote mode Source: Capgemini TME Strategy Lab 5.1 Choosing the right pricing strategy Operators will have to form an overarching set of pricing principles that would form the basis of their pricing strategy. These principles should be decided based on the market power of the operator and the maturity of the market. The opera- tor may be an incumbent, challenger or new entrant, while the market may be nascent, growing or mature and there are multiple strategic options that the opera- tor may choose that vary based on their position. The operator may decide to price competitively or focus on niche segment for premium pricing. The operator might also decide to provide a loss leader for some time if it can eliminate competition. In the case of AT&T, the incumbent withdrew their flat rate plans for the iPhone in June 2010. Verizon, the challenger, followed the subsequent year to ensure that they retain their customers, while T-mobile and Sprint continue to offer flat rate plans to fight AT&T’s move and win customers away from the incumbent. 5.2 Customer segmentation for personalized pricing In order to launch more personalized pricing plans that have higher price dis- crimination, operators will have to identify high-value consumer segments. Iden- tifying consumer segments requires advanced analytics to be conducted on usage 14
  • 15. Telecom, Media & Entertainment the way we see it patterns and customer data that would give the operator a significant competitive advantage. Sophisticated segmentation requires the use of statistical tools such as cluster analysis and factor analysis. Data analytics not only helps in identifying high-value customer segments but also in predictive modeling that can indicate the success of a new pricing model. 5.3 Designing the pricing model Designing the pricing model requires a clear understanding of the components and deciding the right combination of the sub-components for the target segment. Apart from combining the right sub-components, operators must also identify the optimal pricing point. This can be achieved by determining the price elasticity of an existing service or in the case of a new service, the Van Westerndrop analy- sis14 can be used to determine optimal price. Operators need to strike the right balance between using multiple components to increase price discrimination and preserving the simplicity of the plan so that customer acceptance is high. “ We believe that the digital 5.4 Launching new pricing plans channel will gain more While creating the pricing plan, operators should also consider their launch importance over the next few strategy as a critical factor for success. The launch strategy will vary by target seg- years and operators have ment and choosing the right channel for launch is important. We believe that the to be ready to serve a new digital channel will gain more importance over the next few years and operators ” breed of customers.  have to be ready to serve a new breed of customers. Consequently, operators will also have to look at improving their online marketing capabilities by using social media, search engine optimization, using viral videos and banner ads. Some operators such as Orange have already launched ‘Sosh’, a Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO) that caters to the ‘ultra-connected’. The service plans will be sold exclusively online and the brand looks to create a community of users that will help co-create new offers. 5.5 Conclusion The manifold growth in data traffic has not translated into a corresponding growth in data revenues, and has thus brought the mobile operator’s business model under scrutiny. To address this issue and take advantage of the tremen- dous revenue generation potential of the fast-growing mobile broadband market, operators need to act quickly by formulating innovative pricing models. After a thorough assessment of the operational as well as marketing requisites, the opera- tor can create a pricing process that would help personalize the pricing plans to suit unique customer segments, and launch these through the appropriate channels. Operators that offer flexible and innovative pricing plans would be able to successfully monetize the growth in data traffic, and thus sustain and grow in this highly competitive market. 14  Van Westerndrop’s Price Sensitivity Meter (PSM) is a market research technique for determining consumer price preferences by surveying customers on various price points to determine the limits of sensitivity and determine optimal price. The Price is Right 15
  • 16. www.capgemini.com/tme About the TME Strategy Lab Telecom & Media Insights is published by the TME Strategy Lab, a global network of strategy consultants dedicated to generating content-rich insights into the telecom and media industries. The Lab conducts in-depth strategic research and analysis to generate leading-edge Points of View on crucial industry topics that stimulate new ideas and help drive innovation for our clients. Lab activities include:  Research Points of Views on emerging industry trends: The Lab develops in-depth strategic research reports on emerging industry issues that are relatively under-explored, but have significant implications for players. The Lab conducts these studies independently or in collaboration with external partners.  Monitoring key developments in the telecom and media market: The Lab closely monitors key developments relating to selected industry topical issues. This research is updated quarterly and generates data and insight-rich reports on the selected industry topics.  Bespoke research and analysis: The Lab delivers highly value-added strategic research and analysis projects to clients addressing crucial issues relating to their business. About Capgemini and the Collaborative Business Experience With around 120,000 and drive the results they want. A deeply people in 40 countries, multicultural organization, Capgemini Capgemini is one of the world’s foremost has developed its own way of working, providers of consulting, technology and the Collaborative Business Experience™, outsourcing services. The Group reported and draws on Rightshore®, its worldwide 2011 global revenues of EUR 9.7 billion. delivery model. Together with its clients, Capgemini More information about our services, creates and delivers business and offices and research is available at technology solutions that fit their needs www.capgemini.com For more information contact: Jerome Buvat Head of Strategic Research, Telecom, Media & Entertainment jerome.buvat@capgemini.com +44 (0) 870 905 3186 FEB2012SSC