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CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE1
The Search
for Product-
Market Fit
Jeff Bussgang
General Partner, Flybridge Capital
Senior Lecturer, Harvard Business School
May 22, 2019
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE2
Concepts
• Startups as experimentation machines
• Deconstruct “Product Market Fit” (PMF), plus:
– Lean Start-Up Theory
– Customer Development Process
• Help you devise your approach to achieving PMF
and avoid wasting a lot of money
• The metrics that matter most
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE3
Taking A Page
From Experimental Design
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE4
Startup =
Experimentation Machine
CVP
Experiments
GTM
Experiments
BM/CF
Experiments
Which Experiments Should I Run?
CVP = Consumer Value Proposition
GTM = Go To Market
BM/CF = Business Model / Cash Flow
Source: HBS Launching Tech Ventures Course
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE5
Startup =
Experimentation Machine
CVP
Experiments
GTM
Experiments
BM/CF
Experiments
What Organization Should I Build?
GrowthProduct Sales
Biz
Dev
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE6
CVP
Experiments
GTM
Experiments
BM/CF
Experiments
Product
Machine
Growth
Machine
Business
Machine
What Machine Should I Focus My (Very) Scare
Resources On Building?
Startup =
Experimentation Machine
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE7
Experiments Drill Down
CVP
Experiments
GTM
Experiments
BM/CF
Experiments
WHO HYPOS
WHAT HYPOS
HOW HYPOS
SALES MODEL HYPOS
CHANNEL CHOICE HYPOS
PARTNER HYPOS
GROWTH HYPOS
MONETIZATION
HYPOS
PRICING HYPOS
CVP = Consumer Value Proposition
GTM = Go To Market
BM = Business Model
Source: HBS Launching Tech Ventures Course
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE8
Where are You?
Before Product-Market Fit:
Search & Validation
• Lean startup approach
• Hunch-driven hypotheses
• Minimum viable product (MVP)
• Product-centric culture;
informal roles
• Customer development process
• Pivoting
• Bootstrapping/pre-seed
• Small, founding team
• Founder selling - early adopters
• Early in sales learning curve
After Product-Market Fit:
Scaling & Optimization
• Building a robust, feature-rich
product
• Crossing the chasm
• Metrics, analytics, funnels
• Designing for virality &
scalability
• Scaling the team; more
formal roles
• Challenges with corporate
partnerships
• Building a brand
• Scaling a sales force
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE9
Lean Startup Principles
• No idea survives first customer contact, so get
out of the building ASAP to test ideas
• Goal: validation of business model hypotheses,
based on rigorous experiments and clear metrics
• Minimum viable product (MVP): smallest set of
features/marketing initiatives that delivers the
most validated learning
• Rapidly pivot your MVP/business model until you
have validation and product-market fit (PMF)
• Don’t scale until you have achieved PMF
Source: Eric Ries
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE10
“Lessons Learned” Drives Funding
Concept
Business
Plan/Canvas
Lessons
Learned
Series A
Do this first instead of fund raising
And perhaps even before writing code
(or raise seed round to test hypotheses…rigorously)
Test
Hypotheses
Source: Steve Blank
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE11
INBOUND15
Sales team hitting quota
Sales cycles short
40% test – if product disappeared
Product usage high, growing
LTV : CAC > 3
MRR growing > 10% MoM
Churn < 30% / year
NPS > 20
Criteria for Product Market Fit
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE12
Leading Thinkers/Books/Blogs
• Geoffrey Moore: Crossing the Chasm (read this!)
• Steve Blank: Customer Development Process (read Four
Steps to the Epiphany)
• Eric Ries: Lean Startups (read this too!)
• Marty Cagan: Silicon Valley Product Group (great book
and blog)
• Sean Ellis: Hacking Growth (great book)
CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE13
The Search
for Product-
Market Fit
Jeff Bussgang
General Partner, Flybridge Capital
Senior Lecturer, Harvard Business School
May 22, 2019

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The Search for Product-Market Fit

  • 1. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE1 The Search for Product- Market Fit Jeff Bussgang General Partner, Flybridge Capital Senior Lecturer, Harvard Business School May 22, 2019
  • 2. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE2 Concepts • Startups as experimentation machines • Deconstruct “Product Market Fit” (PMF), plus: – Lean Start-Up Theory – Customer Development Process • Help you devise your approach to achieving PMF and avoid wasting a lot of money • The metrics that matter most
  • 3. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE3 Taking A Page From Experimental Design
  • 4. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE4 Startup = Experimentation Machine CVP Experiments GTM Experiments BM/CF Experiments Which Experiments Should I Run? CVP = Consumer Value Proposition GTM = Go To Market BM/CF = Business Model / Cash Flow Source: HBS Launching Tech Ventures Course
  • 5. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE5 Startup = Experimentation Machine CVP Experiments GTM Experiments BM/CF Experiments What Organization Should I Build? GrowthProduct Sales Biz Dev
  • 6. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE6 CVP Experiments GTM Experiments BM/CF Experiments Product Machine Growth Machine Business Machine What Machine Should I Focus My (Very) Scare Resources On Building? Startup = Experimentation Machine
  • 7. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE7 Experiments Drill Down CVP Experiments GTM Experiments BM/CF Experiments WHO HYPOS WHAT HYPOS HOW HYPOS SALES MODEL HYPOS CHANNEL CHOICE HYPOS PARTNER HYPOS GROWTH HYPOS MONETIZATION HYPOS PRICING HYPOS CVP = Consumer Value Proposition GTM = Go To Market BM = Business Model Source: HBS Launching Tech Ventures Course
  • 8. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE8 Where are You? Before Product-Market Fit: Search & Validation • Lean startup approach • Hunch-driven hypotheses • Minimum viable product (MVP) • Product-centric culture; informal roles • Customer development process • Pivoting • Bootstrapping/pre-seed • Small, founding team • Founder selling - early adopters • Early in sales learning curve After Product-Market Fit: Scaling & Optimization • Building a robust, feature-rich product • Crossing the chasm • Metrics, analytics, funnels • Designing for virality & scalability • Scaling the team; more formal roles • Challenges with corporate partnerships • Building a brand • Scaling a sales force
  • 9. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE9 Lean Startup Principles • No idea survives first customer contact, so get out of the building ASAP to test ideas • Goal: validation of business model hypotheses, based on rigorous experiments and clear metrics • Minimum viable product (MVP): smallest set of features/marketing initiatives that delivers the most validated learning • Rapidly pivot your MVP/business model until you have validation and product-market fit (PMF) • Don’t scale until you have achieved PMF Source: Eric Ries
  • 10. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE10 “Lessons Learned” Drives Funding Concept Business Plan/Canvas Lessons Learned Series A Do this first instead of fund raising And perhaps even before writing code (or raise seed round to test hypotheses…rigorously) Test Hypotheses Source: Steve Blank
  • 11. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE11 INBOUND15 Sales team hitting quota Sales cycles short 40% test – if product disappeared Product usage high, growing LTV : CAC > 3 MRR growing > 10% MoM Churn < 30% / year NPS > 20 Criteria for Product Market Fit
  • 12. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE12 Leading Thinkers/Books/Blogs • Geoffrey Moore: Crossing the Chasm (read this!) • Steve Blank: Customer Development Process (read Four Steps to the Epiphany) • Eric Ries: Lean Startups (read this too!) • Marty Cagan: Silicon Valley Product Group (great book and blog) • Sean Ellis: Hacking Growth (great book)
  • 13. CONFIDENTIAL PRESENTATION | PAGE13 The Search for Product- Market Fit Jeff Bussgang General Partner, Flybridge Capital Senior Lecturer, Harvard Business School May 22, 2019