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BOOK AS API


                          SOLVEfor
                          INTERESTING
                          OTHERWISE LIFE IS DULL.
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
The book has always been a
                         hack.



Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
The butler did it.
Friday, 15 February, 13
Content   Format                    Structure

          Fiction or non                           Chronological
                            Wood
          Objective or                             Alphabetical
          Subjective        pulp
                                                   Narrator’s
          Vampires or                              choice
          Werewolves




                                http://www.flickr.com/photos/playingwithpsp/2313754224/
Friday, 15 February, 13
The linear narrative is just the
                     default interface.



Friday, 15 February, 13
Format locks content
     and structure.
                          http://www.flickr.com/photos/wackyvorlon/8758696/
Friday, 15 February, 13
A false
   epiphany.




                          http://www.flickr.com/photos/wackyvorlon/8758696/
Friday, 15 February, 13
Content is in flux




Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Objective              The Difference Engine                                        UNIX reference
      Content focus
                            Historical fiction                                                        User manual
                                                 Prove it’s wrong:          Keep it current:
                            Retellings      Critique, debate, accuracy,     Errata, revisions,          Textbook
                                              speculation, expertise,     omissions, Q&A, other
                            Biographies              evidence.                 references              Reference

                            Speculative fiction                                                    “How to” book


                                      Twilight                                          Cooking For Geeks

                            Franchise                                                                 Food/wine
                                                                              Collaborate &               book
                            Procedural
                            drama                Make me special:              evangelize:
                                                                                                       Marketing
                                                 Author access, chat,       Testimonials, blogs,
                                                                                                           book
                            Scifi                      celebrity.          speaking, next big idea,
                                                                              create events.            Self-help
                            Fantasy
    Subjective                                                                                              book

  Author/character                  The Hobbit                                            Made To Stick
            focus

                          Fiction                                                                    Nonfiction
                          Beyond the story/                                                       Accuracy, case
                          inside the author’s mind                                              studies, evidence



Friday, 15 February, 13
We can’t be
                          all things to all people.



Friday, 15 February, 13
The gold master and the
                         long shadow



                             http://www.ibaraki-ct.ac.jp/english/manufacturing-of-Blue-Ray-Disk.jpg
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Naming software by year




Friday, 15 February, 13
Software went moldy.




                          http://www.flickr.com/photos/creative_tools/6002142018/
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
SaaS won because of
                            administration.



Friday, 15 February, 13
The App Exchange




Friday, 15 February, 13
The publication date of a
                            book



Friday, 15 February, 13
From atoms


                                                       to bits.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/alicepopkorn/6846578476/
Friday, 15 February, 13
The most popular camera
                               in the world.



                                       http://www.flickr.com/photos/art_es_anna/288880795/
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
The most popular cameral
                    in the world



Friday, 15 February, 13
The footnote is the
                          original hyperlink.



Friday, 15 February, 13
From 2003 back we generated 5
              billion gigabytes of information.

              By 2011, we were cranking out that
              much data every 2 days.

              By 2013, we’ll be doing it every 10
              minutes.

                          According to IBM at http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/ideas/2012/05/big-data-or-too-much-information/

Friday, 15 February, 13
Publishers “see content
                          as a scarcity we
                          produce and control.
                          Facebook and
                          Google ... see content
                          as an abundant
                          resource to learn from,
                          value and exploit.”

                                          Jeff Jarvis
Friday, 15 February, 13
There’s more stuff about
                          the book outside the book
                          than within.
                                     http://www.flickr.com/photos/41517846@N08/4290380364/
Friday, 15 February, 13
Grant me four things.




Friday, 15 February, 13
1.
                          A book is a bundle of
                          content, structure, and
                          format.


Friday, 15 February, 13
2.
                          The format that content
                          takes must adapt to
                          how it’s being used.


Friday, 15 February, 13
3.
                          Book content shifts;
                          “publication date” is a
                          false epiphany.


Friday, 15 February, 13
4.
                          Big Data means books
                          that aren’t linked to the
                          world are hermits.


Friday, 15 February, 13
Maybe you disagree.




Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Authoring a book means
              Creating the           Designing the

                          Content      Structure
              (what you’re               of the
                reading)            reader interface
                                      (how you’re
                                       reading it)

Friday, 15 February, 13
Then the future of a book is
                            its API.



                  Content      API     Structure


Friday, 15 February, 13
Freedom from
                          the false epiphany.



Friday, 15 February, 13
Content gets its own
                              lifestream.


                          Lousy       Critical         Movie          Misguided    Celebrity
                           first       acclaim          script         mobile app     boat
          Blog                                                                      cruise
                          draft
                                                  Fan-made        Scathing
    Gleam in                      Release           Wiki        IMDB tell-all
    author’s
       eye                                   Prequel               Awkward fan-fiction

Friday, 15 February, 13
Structure gets a
                          developer ecosystem




                                  http://www.flickr.com/photos/isadocafe/3269174348/in/photostream/
Friday, 15 February, 13
Those that
                          ignore it...




Friday, 15 February, 13
Those that
                          embrace it...




Friday, 15 February, 13
Your
   choice.
                          http://www.flickr.com/photos/susivinh/7905247944
Friday, 15 February, 13
And now, from the abstract
                  to the concrete (and the
                 ridiculous to the sublime):
                           Hugh!


Friday, 15 February, 13
an
                             API
                             for
                            books
                          @hughmcguire

                          pressbooks.com

Friday, 15 February, 13
To Do List:

                          1. start thinking of books as [stuff].

                          2. think about how we make books

                                  3. look at examples

                            4. wonder: is this easy or hard?



Friday, 15 February, 13
What is a book?




Friday, 15 February, 13
My definition:

                     “A book is a discrete collection of text (and
                          other media), that is designed by the
                         author(s) as an internally complete
                       representation of an idea, or set of ideas;
                            emotion or set of emotions; and
                      transmitted to readers in various formats.”




Friday, 15 February, 13
What’s in a book?




Friday, 15 February, 13
joy!
                                   pleasure!
                                knowledge!
                                 characters!
                              fictional people!
                                real people!
                                    places!
                                  concepts!
                                  footnotes!
                                 references!
                          lots and lots of other ...

Friday, 15 February, 13
THINGS!
                          (and: things that we can name).




Friday, 15 February, 13
What is an API?




Friday, 15 February, 13
Terry Jones’s Definition:

                          “Just as a User Interface gives humans
                            access to information, an API gives
                             programs access to information.”




Friday, 15 February, 13
What is a (book) API’s job?




Friday, 15 February, 13
“To give other services the ability to
                          use [the stuff] in your books, under
                                 defined circumstances.”




Friday, 15 February, 13
An API is
                               another mechanism
                          by which a publisher can do its
                                  job, which is:

                                 “to make public”
                              the contents of a book
                            (under certain commercial
                                  arrangements)


Friday, 15 February, 13
HOW:




Friday, 15 February, 13
Start with your
                              INDEX.




Friday, 15 February, 13
What is an index’s job?




Friday, 15 February, 13
Shakespeare’s Answer:

                     “And in such indexes, although small pricks
                      To their subsequent volumes, there is seen
                           The baby figure of the giant mass
                              Of things to come at large.”

                                 (Troilus and Cessida).




Friday, 15 February, 13
What does a paper index look like?




Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
What does an ebook index look like?




Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
That there is a link!




Friday, 15 February, 13
<a href="/chapter3/index-entry-78">Dracula</a>

                      <a href="/chapter4/index-entry-101">May 1, 1893</a>
                      <a href="/chapter1/index-entry-122">Munich</a>
                      <a href="/chapter9/index-entry-11">Murder</a>

                      <a href="/chapter10/index-entry-68">Succotash</a>
                      <a href="/chapter6/index-entry-99">Smith, Dr.</a>
                      <a href="/chapter16/index-entry-119">Sambuca</a>

                      <a href="/chapter15/index-entry-199">Vienna</a>
                      <a href="/chapter2/index-entry-666">Veins</a>




Friday, 15 February, 13
Jonathan Harker’s Journal:
                     3 May. Bistritz.

                     Left Munich at 8:35 P.M., on 1st May,
                     arriving at Vienna early next morning ...the
                     post town named by Count Dracula, is a
                     fairly well-known place....




Friday, 15 February, 13
Left Munich at 8:35 P.M., on 1st
                          May, arriving at Vienna early
                          next morning ... the post town
                          named by Count Dracula, is a
                          fairly well-known place....




Friday, 15 February, 13
Left <a id="index-entry-122">Munich</a>
                     at 8:35 P.M., on <a id="index-
                     entry-101">1st May</a>, arriving at <a
                     id="index-entry-199">Vienna</a> early
                     next morning... the post town named by
                     <a id="index-entry-99">Count Dracula</
                     a>, is a fairly well-known place...




Friday, 15 February, 13
What does a smart index look
                                      like?




Friday, 15 February, 13
Left <a id="index-entry-122"
                          class=”place”>Munich</a> at 8:35 P.M.,
                          on <a id="index-entry-101"
                          class=”date”>1st May</a>, arriving at <a
                          id="index-entry-199"
                          class=”place”>Vienna</a> early next
                          morning...the post town named by <a
                          id="index-entry-99" class=”person”>Count
                          Dracula</a>, is a fairly well-known
                          place...




Friday, 15 February, 13
<a href="/ch3/index-78"
     class=”person”>Dracula</a>
     <a href="/ch4/index-101"
     class=”date”>May 1, 1893</a>
     <a href="/ch1/index-122"
     class=”place”>Munich</a>
     <a href="/ch9/index-11"
     class=”cause-of-death”>Murder</a>
     <a href="/ch10/index-68"
     class=”food”>Succotash</a>
     <a href="/ch2/index-666"
     class=”body-part”>Veins</a>
Friday, 15 February, 13
HEY!

                          THAT’S AN API!

                          THAT WAS EASY!




Friday, 15 February, 13
What can we do with a book API?




Friday, 15 February, 13
We can build different interfaces
                          that allow readers to engage in
                                   different ways.




Friday, 15 February, 13
The Pulp interface.




Friday, 15 February, 13
image: Gleann Ignacio
Friday, 15 February, 13
The Bits interface.




Friday, 15 February, 13
Image: Rebekah Ford
Friday, 15 February, 13
The
                          “what stuff is mentioned in this
                                        book”
                                     interface:

                                  Small Demons.



Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
The
                      “who is reading this and what are
                            they saying about it”
                                  interface:

                                 Readmill.



Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
The
       “Let’s explode this book and put it back
              together in a very cool way”
                       interface:

                             Dracula Dissected.

                          bit.ly/draculadissected


Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
Friday, 15 February, 13
IS THIS HARD?




Friday, 15 February, 13
Not if you use a good
                                   book-based
                          content management system.
                                  (like PressBooks!).




Friday, 15 February, 13
1. Books are made of stuff that can be
                                         named




Friday, 15 February, 13
2. If you name stuff in your HTML (while
                  indexing!), then we can (easily) build new
                    uses/interfaces for our books, such as
                               Dracula Dissected.




Friday, 15 February, 13
<shameless_plug>
                 3. If you use something like PressBooks to
                      make your books, making Dracula
                           Dissected becomes easy.
                           </shameless_plug>




Friday, 15 February, 13
Questions?




                 @hughmcguire                    @acroll
                 pressbooks.com          solveforinteresting.com
Friday, 15 February, 13

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Book as api hugh mc guire and alistair croll - toc nyc 2013

  • 1. BOOK AS API SOLVEfor INTERESTING OTHERWISE LIFE IS DULL. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 3. The book has always been a hack. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 5. The butler did it. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 6. Content Format Structure Fiction or non Chronological Wood Objective or Alphabetical Subjective pulp Narrator’s Vampires or choice Werewolves http://www.flickr.com/photos/playingwithpsp/2313754224/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 7. The linear narrative is just the default interface. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 8. Format locks content and structure. http://www.flickr.com/photos/wackyvorlon/8758696/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 9. A false epiphany. http://www.flickr.com/photos/wackyvorlon/8758696/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 10. Content is in flux Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 12. Objective The Difference Engine UNIX reference Content focus Historical fiction User manual Prove it’s wrong: Keep it current: Retellings Critique, debate, accuracy, Errata, revisions, Textbook speculation, expertise, omissions, Q&A, other Biographies evidence. references Reference Speculative fiction “How to” book Twilight Cooking For Geeks Franchise Food/wine Collaborate & book Procedural drama Make me special: evangelize: Marketing Author access, chat, Testimonials, blogs, book Scifi celebrity. speaking, next big idea, create events. Self-help Fantasy Subjective book Author/character The Hobbit Made To Stick focus Fiction Nonfiction Beyond the story/ Accuracy, case inside the author’s mind studies, evidence Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 13. We can’t be all things to all people. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 14. The gold master and the long shadow http://www.ibaraki-ct.ac.jp/english/manufacturing-of-Blue-Ray-Disk.jpg Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 16. Naming software by year Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 17. Software went moldy. http://www.flickr.com/photos/creative_tools/6002142018/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 19. SaaS won because of administration. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 20. The App Exchange Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 21. The publication date of a book Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 22. From atoms to bits. http://www.flickr.com/photos/alicepopkorn/6846578476/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 23. The most popular camera in the world. http://www.flickr.com/photos/art_es_anna/288880795/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 25. The most popular cameral in the world Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 26. The footnote is the original hyperlink. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 27. From 2003 back we generated 5 billion gigabytes of information. By 2011, we were cranking out that much data every 2 days. By 2013, we’ll be doing it every 10 minutes. According to IBM at http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/ideas/2012/05/big-data-or-too-much-information/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 28. Publishers “see content as a scarcity we produce and control. Facebook and Google ... see content as an abundant resource to learn from, value and exploit.” Jeff Jarvis Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 29. There’s more stuff about the book outside the book than within. http://www.flickr.com/photos/41517846@N08/4290380364/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 30. Grant me four things. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 31. 1. A book is a bundle of content, structure, and format. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 32. 2. The format that content takes must adapt to how it’s being used. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 33. 3. Book content shifts; “publication date” is a false epiphany. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 34. 4. Big Data means books that aren’t linked to the world are hermits. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 35. Maybe you disagree. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 37. Authoring a book means Creating the Designing the Content Structure (what you’re of the reading) reader interface (how you’re reading it) Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 38. Then the future of a book is its API. Content API Structure Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 39. Freedom from the false epiphany. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 40. Content gets its own lifestream. Lousy Critical Movie Misguided Celebrity first acclaim script mobile app boat Blog cruise draft Fan-made Scathing Gleam in Release Wiki IMDB tell-all author’s eye Prequel Awkward fan-fiction Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 41. Structure gets a developer ecosystem http://www.flickr.com/photos/isadocafe/3269174348/in/photostream/ Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 42. Those that ignore it... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 43. Those that embrace it... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 44. Your choice. http://www.flickr.com/photos/susivinh/7905247944 Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 45. And now, from the abstract to the concrete (and the ridiculous to the sublime): Hugh! Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 46. an API for books @hughmcguire pressbooks.com Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 47. To Do List: 1. start thinking of books as [stuff]. 2. think about how we make books 3. look at examples 4. wonder: is this easy or hard? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 48. What is a book? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 49. My definition: “A book is a discrete collection of text (and other media), that is designed by the author(s) as an internally complete representation of an idea, or set of ideas; emotion or set of emotions; and transmitted to readers in various formats.” Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 50. What’s in a book? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 51. joy! pleasure! knowledge! characters! fictional people! real people! places! concepts! footnotes! references! lots and lots of other ... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 52. THINGS! (and: things that we can name). Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 53. What is an API? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 54. Terry Jones’s Definition: “Just as a User Interface gives humans access to information, an API gives programs access to information.” Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 55. What is a (book) API’s job? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 56. “To give other services the ability to use [the stuff] in your books, under defined circumstances.” Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 57. An API is another mechanism by which a publisher can do its job, which is: “to make public” the contents of a book (under certain commercial arrangements) Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 59. Start with your INDEX. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 60. What is an index’s job? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 61. Shakespeare’s Answer: “And in such indexes, although small pricks To their subsequent volumes, there is seen The baby figure of the giant mass Of things to come at large.” (Troilus and Cessida). Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 62. What does a paper index look like? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 64. What does an ebook index look like? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 66. That there is a link! Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 67. <a href="/chapter3/index-entry-78">Dracula</a> <a href="/chapter4/index-entry-101">May 1, 1893</a> <a href="/chapter1/index-entry-122">Munich</a> <a href="/chapter9/index-entry-11">Murder</a> <a href="/chapter10/index-entry-68">Succotash</a> <a href="/chapter6/index-entry-99">Smith, Dr.</a> <a href="/chapter16/index-entry-119">Sambuca</a> <a href="/chapter15/index-entry-199">Vienna</a> <a href="/chapter2/index-entry-666">Veins</a> Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 68. Jonathan Harker’s Journal: 3 May. Bistritz. Left Munich at 8:35 P.M., on 1st May, arriving at Vienna early next morning ...the post town named by Count Dracula, is a fairly well-known place.... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 69. Left Munich at 8:35 P.M., on 1st May, arriving at Vienna early next morning ... the post town named by Count Dracula, is a fairly well-known place.... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 70. Left <a id="index-entry-122">Munich</a> at 8:35 P.M., on <a id="index- entry-101">1st May</a>, arriving at <a id="index-entry-199">Vienna</a> early next morning... the post town named by <a id="index-entry-99">Count Dracula</ a>, is a fairly well-known place... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 71. What does a smart index look like? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 72. Left <a id="index-entry-122" class=”place”>Munich</a> at 8:35 P.M., on <a id="index-entry-101" class=”date”>1st May</a>, arriving at <a id="index-entry-199" class=”place”>Vienna</a> early next morning...the post town named by <a id="index-entry-99" class=”person”>Count Dracula</a>, is a fairly well-known place... Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 73. <a href="/ch3/index-78" class=”person”>Dracula</a> <a href="/ch4/index-101" class=”date”>May 1, 1893</a> <a href="/ch1/index-122" class=”place”>Munich</a> <a href="/ch9/index-11" class=”cause-of-death”>Murder</a> <a href="/ch10/index-68" class=”food”>Succotash</a> <a href="/ch2/index-666" class=”body-part”>Veins</a> Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 74. HEY! THAT’S AN API! THAT WAS EASY! Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 75. What can we do with a book API? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 76. We can build different interfaces that allow readers to engage in different ways. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 77. The Pulp interface. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 78. image: Gleann Ignacio Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 79. The Bits interface. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 80. Image: Rebekah Ford Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 81. The “what stuff is mentioned in this book” interface: Small Demons. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 83. The “who is reading this and what are they saying about it” interface: Readmill. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 85. The “Let’s explode this book and put it back together in a very cool way” interface: Dracula Dissected. bit.ly/draculadissected Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 95. IS THIS HARD? Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 96. Not if you use a good book-based content management system. (like PressBooks!). Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 97. 1. Books are made of stuff that can be named Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 98. 2. If you name stuff in your HTML (while indexing!), then we can (easily) build new uses/interfaces for our books, such as Dracula Dissected. Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 99. <shameless_plug> 3. If you use something like PressBooks to make your books, making Dracula Dissected becomes easy. </shameless_plug> Friday, 15 February, 13
  • 100. Questions? @hughmcguire @acroll pressbooks.com solveforinteresting.com Friday, 15 February, 13